FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention relates to a micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based remote sensing thermometer integrated mobile phone. More particularly, the present invention relates to a MEMS based thermopile element integrated with printed circuit board of mobile phone (i.e. featured phone) to provide functionality of a fast, accurate and contact less thermometer.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
In current times, some vital signs that are used to represent a simple valuation of physiological and physical status of an individual are body temperature, heart rate, breathing rate and blood pressure. According to health-related surveys, body temperature is modest and intuitive, one which represents imperative clinical circumstances for instance inflammation and infection.
The temperature measurement of an individual is commonly done by thermometers such as digital thermometers, forehead thermometer, pacifier thermometer as well as glass and mercury thermometers. Mercury thermometer is the 'gold standard' for ambulatory patient's temperature recording. The precision of mercury thermometer is high which is about ±0.1 degree Celsius. Low price and simple to use are another two advantages of mercury thermometer. However, the mercury thermometer needs a long response time when measuring. For accuracy, placement should be for 5-7 minutes. Besides, breakage is a constant problem and there are more concerns about the environmental hazards of mercury. These limitations make researchers find much safer and more convenient thermometers. Thus, digital thermometers emerged in clinical applications. One obvious advantage of digital thermometer is that it eliminates the risk of mercury. Besides, the data acquired from digital thermometer can be stored for future use. However, digital thermometers on the market cannot replace mercury ones so far. The most significant reason is that the accuracy of digital thermometer is not high enough although they can measure temperature quickly. The precision of most digital thermometers is about 0.5 degree Celsius which is lower than mercury

thermometer. Some other common types of thermometer are liquid thermometers, bi-metallic thermometers, electronic thermometers and infrared radiation devices. The liquid thermometers and bi-metals are mechanical thermometers needing no electricity to function. Bi-metal thermometers lose calibration very easily and need to be re-calibrated weekly or even daily using a simple screw that rewinds the metal coil.
In recent digital thermometers, different sensors are used to measure temperature, such as resistance temperature detector (RTD), thermistor and thermocouple. And each sensor has its own advantages and disadvantages. Both thermistors and RTDs may have a higher degree of accuracy than thermocouples, but their range is limited by comparison and they are generally not as fast.
The precision levels of the available thermometers are in range from moderate to high which is about ±0.1 degree Celsius. The digital thermometer works with the help of small computing module that is present inside the thermometer which is responsible to measure a change in temperature, i.e. change in resistance. The computing module processes the measured change and provides a digital output.
Nowadays, the instances of virus spread, flu, dengue etc. are reported a lot. A common symptom of all these medical conditions is fever and in some cases, a sudden fever or shoot in temperature is reported which requires immediate attention. Those in reach of a medical aid can go and get their vitals checked but a lot of people such as those in transit to other cities etc. fall short of such aid. Further, in recent times, a concern over hygiene has increased and in fact the health organizations are advising people to maintain distance from other person due to vast spread of possible infections such as COVID-19 infection. Hence, in these the focus is increasing more and more on developing technologies which require minimum or no contact. The infrared thermometers are capable of measuring temperature without any contact but it is quite expensive and not affordable to all. Further, the infrared (IR) thermometers have a significant size and it is not convenient to carry.

Nowadays, smart phones are also integrated with temperature sensor for measuring the body temperature of a person. In general, the sensors are infrared temperature sensors that are placed near the camera or flash portion of the phone which offers both contact and contactless way to measure the temperature. But these integrated smartphones with temperature measuring capability are not cost friendly and requires more resources. Hence, everyone cannot afford these types of integrated phone with temperature measuring facility.
US9330459B2 teaches about a non-touch thermometer that includes a first circuit board that has a microprocessor, a battery operably coupled to the microprocessor and a single button operably coupled to the microprocessor, the non-touch thermometer also includes a camera operably coupled to the microprocessor that provides at least two images to the microprocessor, the non-touch thermometer also includes a second circuit board that has a digital infrared sensor operably coupled to the microprocessor with no analog-to-digital converter operably coupled between the digital infrared sensor and the microprocessor. This invention has infrared sensor to determine the temperature which might be affected by factors such as dust, fog, smoke and another dust particle. Moreover, this invention teaches about a powerful DSP unit for achieving high accuracy and resolution of the thermometer but it is also affected by the aforementioned factors.
CN104198059A discloses a digital thermometer, belongs to the field of temperature measurement devices, and particularly relates to a digital thermometer. The digital thermometer comprises a temperature sensor, a single chip and a nixie tube, and is characterized in that the temperature sensor is connected with the single chip through a circuit; the nixie tube is connected with the single chip through the own interface circuit. The single chip is added to carry out intelligent control through an improvement on the traditional thermometer, thus effectively improving the speed and accuracy of a measurement. The drawbacks of this invention are getting damaged easily if dropped and the battery powering them eventually runs out.

EP2642262A2 teaches about a portable device for measuring temperature with infrared array sensor. This portable device includes: an infrared array sensor module for taking temperature values in a unit of pixel and including a plurality of infrared sensors arranged in an array of pixels; a controller for calculating a resultant temperature value of a subject with reference to the temperature values taken each by the sensors; a display for expressing the resultant temperature value calculated by the controller. The drawbacks of this cited invention are, the device fails in case the temperature of the body and the background is similar along with this usage of low pass filter may increase the temperature difference hence, resulting in less accuracy.
Therefore, there is a need of technology that enables contact less temperature measurement as well as which is economic and convenient in use and carrying. Also, there is a need of a temperature measurement solution which apart from being contactless has an accuracy as good as mercury based thermometers.
OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
The main object of the present invention is to provide a mobile phone with integrated micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based remote sensing thermometer.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a mobile phone with a printed circuit board assembly for integrating a highly sensitive micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based remote sensing thermometer.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a provide a mobile phone with integrated micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based remote sensing thermometer which is affordable, portable and provides fast and accurate response to temperature.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a micro electro-mechanical based remote sensing thermometer having a platinum resistance temperature detector to achieve high stability.

Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a micro electro-mechanical based remote sensing thermometer having a temperature acquiring unit separated from other units to reduce heat exchange.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a micro electro-mechanical based remote sensing thermometer having a linear regulator for achieving low noise.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a mobile phone with integrated micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based remote sensing thermometer which has both fast response and high precision, having a platinum resistance temperature detector to achieve high stability and upon integrating with the mobile phone provides contactless, portable and affordable solution for temperature measurement.
In an embodiment, the present invention provides a mobile phone with integrated micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based remote sensing thermometer. The invention comprises a printed circuit board assembly of mobile phone and a MEMS based remote sensing thermometer integrated using an improved metal header which is a through hole device with a metal lid. The metal header is used for heat conduction that occurs through its leads and the leads are kept short for better heat conduction and lower thermal resistance between the metal header and the printed circuit board assembly. An air gap is maintained between printed circuit board assembly and the body of the metal header to allow air flow. The metal header is a three leaded component and the spacing is optimized to allow insertion into a hole pattern on the printed circuit board assembly. The metal header is placed in a thermal shield. The metal header is preferably a TO-46 package.
In another embodiment, the present invention provides a micro electro-mechanical based remote sensing thermometer comprising a data acquisition module, a controller unit, a display unit, a real-time clock, a storage unit, a power

management unit, and an interface, wherein the data acquisition module comprises a thermocouple for achieving thermal balance and fast response, a platinum temperature sensor and an analog to digital converter. The thermocouple is associated with the platinum temperature sensor for measuring cold end temperature. The thermocouple and platinum temperature sensor are connected to a low noise analog to digital convenor for high precision temperature readings. The controller unit controls the whole thermometer including measuring temperature, processing and storing data, displaying data and working status, transmitting and receiving data wirelessly. Further, the power management module is present in the thermometer for providing power to each unit and module separately.
In yet another embodiment, the present invention provides a micro electro-mechanical based remote sensing thermometer comprising of a thermoelectric sensor vacuum sealed with a filter cap wafer by an Au-Au thermocompression vacuum bonding method using sputtered Au layers for achieving high volume throughput, and miniaturization.
The above objects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent from the hereinafter set forth brief description of the drawings, detailed description of the invention, and claims appended herewith.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
An understanding of the device of the present invention may be obtained by reference to the following drawings:
Figure 1 shows a schematic view of the metal header in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 shows a block diagram of the micro electro-mechanical based remote sensing thermometer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 3 shows a cutaway view of printed circuit board of a micro electro-mechanical based remote sensing thermometer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 shows a top view of the printed circuit board of a micro electro-mechanical based remote sensing thermometer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 5 shows a cross sectional view of a MEMS based thermoelectric IR sensor in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 6 shows an exploded view of a shell case of a micro electro-mechanical based remote sensing thermometer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 7 shows a perspective view of the mobile phone with integrated micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based remote sensing thermometer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 8 shows a top view of the mobile phone with integrated micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based remote sensing thermometer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 9 shows a flow chart of working of the mobile phone with integrated micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based remote sensing thermometer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Many aspects of the invention can be better understood with references made to the drawings below. The components in the drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. Instead, emphasis is placed upon clearly illustrating the components of the present invention. Moreover, like reference numerals designate corresponding parts through the several views in the drawings. Before explaining at least one

embodiment of the invention, it is to be understood that the embodiments of the invention are not limited in their application to the details of construction and to the arrangement of the components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The embodiments of the invention are capable of being practiced and carried out in various ways. In addition, the phraseology and terminology employed herein are for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting.
The micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based remote sensing thermometer relates to the field of digital thermometers and pyrometer sensors. More particularly, the present invention relates to a micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based remote sensing thermometer integrated mobile phone which has both fast response and high precision, having a platinum resistance temperature detector to achieve high stability and upon integration with a mobile phone provides ease of carrying, cost effectiveness and affordability to all.
In an embodiment, the present invention provides a mobile phone (100) with an integrated micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based remote sensing thermometer, comprising of a printed circuit board assembly of mobile phone (100) and an MEMS based remote sensing thermometer integrated using an improved metal header (14) which is a through hole device with a metal lid. The metal header (14) is used for heat conduction that occurs through its leads and the leads are kept short for better heat conduction and lower thermal resistance between the metal header and the printed circuit board assembly. An air gap is maintained between printed circuit board assembly and the body of the metal header to allow air flow. The metal header (14) is a three leaded component and the spacing is optimized to allow insertion into a hole pattern on the printed circuit board assembly. The metal header is improved to a four pin configuration keeping the pin to pin spacing at 0.10 inches. The metal header is placed in a thermal shield. The metal header is preferably a TO-46 package.
In another embodiment, the present invention provides a micro electro-mechanical based remote sensing thermometer comprising of a data acquisition module (1), a

controller unit (2), a display unit (3), a real-time clock (4), a storage unit (6), a power management unit (5) and an interface, wherein the data acquisition module (1) comprises of a thermocouple for achieving thermal balance and fast response, a platinum temperature sensor (8) and an analog to digital convertor. The thermocouple is associated with the platinum temperature sensor (8) for measuring cold end (11) temperature. The thermocouple and platinum temperature sensor are connected to a low noise analog to digital convertor for high precision temperature readings. The controller unit controls the whole thermometer including measuring temperature, processing and storing data, displaying data and working status, transmitting and receiving data wirelessly. Further, the power management unit (5) is present in the thermometer for providing power to each unit and module separately.
In another embodiment, the present invention provides a micro electro-mechanical based remote sensing thermometer comprising of a thermoelectric sensor vacuum sealed with a filter cap wafer by an Au-Au thermocompression vacuum bonding method using sputtered Au layers for achieving high volume throughput, and miniaturization.
Figure 1 shows a schematic view of the metal header used for customization of the printed circuit board of the mobile phone. The mobile phone (100) used herein a feature phone with press-button based inputs and small non touch display. The metal header (14) is improved to a four pin configuration keeping the pin to pin spacing at 0.10 inches. A thermopile element is connected between pin 1 and 3 and a thermistor is connected between pins 2 and 4.
Figure 2 is a block diagram of the provides a micro electro-mechanical based remote sensing thermometer, which comprise of the data acquisition module (1), a controller (2), a display unit (3), a real-time clock (4), a power management unit (5) and an interface installed in said mobile phone (100) for displaying said body temperature, wherein the data acquisition module (1) comprise of a thermocouple for achieving fast response. Heat capacity of the thermocouple is low such that thermal balance is achieved quickly and temperature is fast achieved. The

thermocouple, composed with two kinds of conductors, measures temperature using Seebeck effect. Performance of the thermocouple is related to the material and craft. The thermocouple includes is not restricted to type S, type B, type K, type E, type T, type J. The type T thermocouple, copper-constantan thermocouple, is cheap and best thermocouple to measure low temperature. The advantages of type T thermocouple include excellent linearity, large EMF, high sensitivity, and good uniformity. In addition, the type T thermocouple has a remarkable stability of less than 3 uV within a year. Outside diameter of the thermocouple also affects the response time. Hence, the thinner and longer the thermocouple is, the faster the thermocouple responds. The preferable dimensions of the thermocouple range from 0.24 to 0.25 mm in diameter and 50 to 60 cm in length.
The thermocouple has two ends out of which one is called a hot end (7) and the other end is called a cold end (11) which acts as the reference end. When the temperature of cold end (11) is 0 degree Celsius, the electromotive force difference between the hot end (7) and cold end (11) concludes temperature of the hot end (7) through looking up to the thermocouple reference table directly. However, the cold end (11) temperature cannot be constant at 0 degree Celsius in normal applications. So, with law of intermediate temperature, even if temperature of the cold end (11) is not at 0 degree Celsius, the hot end (7) temperature is obtained. The thermocouple measures the temperature difference between two ends, not an absolute temperature. To measure a single temperature, maintain one of the ends (normally the cold end) at a known reference temperature, and the other end at the temperature to be sensed.
The temperature of cold end (11) is measured by the platinum temperature sensor (8) that is a kind of temperature sensor in which the resistance varies with the changing temperature. Constant current flows through the platinum temperature sensor (8) when measuring temperature, the voltage between both ends of platinum temperature sensor (8) is measured. With the use of Ohm's law, the resistance of platinum temperature sensor (8) is achieved. The corresponding temperature is obtained through checking up the reference table of platinum temperature sensor. Hence, a relation between temperature and voltage gets established. The platinum

temperature sensor (8) has high stability and after calibration, the platinum temperature sensor (8) keeps high accuracy in wide temperature range.
Figure 3 is a cutaway view of printed circuit board of a micro electro-mechanical based remote sensing thermometer representing the placement of cold end of thermocouple along with platinum temperature sensor (8) in a heat insulation form (9) i.e. shielding case for avoiding thermal disturbance and ambient interference. The shielding case is filled with a thermally conductive silicone (10) preferably silicone grease to ensure that the temperature of platinum temperature sensor is equal to the cold end.
Figure 4 depicts a top view of the printed circuit board of a micro electro-mechanical based remote sensing thermometer. The temperature acquiring part of the thermometer comprising the thermocouple with cold end covered with the heat insulation form (9) is kept separate from the other part of the thermometer to reduce heat exchange. A 3M tape covers the cold end (11) and the platinum temperature sensor (8) to insulate heat from outside. The cold end (11) of the thermocouple winds around platinum temperature sensor (8) for completing heat conduction.
Although the combination uses of the thermocouple and platinum temperature sensor (8) reaches high precision, few micro-volts per degree Celsius is sensed from the temperature sensors. Thus, a high resolution, low noise analog to digital converter is used for high precision temperature readings that has at least three differential analog inputs. In addition, the analog to digital convenor integrates on-chip low-noise instrumentation amplifier. The low noise, low drift, on-chip, band gap reference ensures the accuracy of the analog-to-digital conversion.
The controller unit (2) is integrated with an 8051 microcontroller, high performance radio frequency transceiver, system programmable flash memory, 8 KB RAM and 32/64 KB optional flash version. Then, the digitalized temperature of cold end (11) and temperature difference between the cold end (11) and hot end (7) are transmitted to the controller unit (2).

It is significant that the real time clock (4) inserts into the measurement result to mark the measuring time. The real-time clock (4) also remembers the real time when the thermometer enters into low power status. A trickle-charge timekeeping chip is connected with the controller (2) electively through a 3-line serial port. The storage unit stores valid measured temperature and the corresponding time. The storage unit is preferably a 2Mbyte FLASH-SST25VF016B to realize storage function. In said storage unit, a total 32 bytes are used to record one measurement result and it has a capacity of storing 65536 pieces of records. Therefore, the storage space is enough for the thermometer. The storage unit communicates with the controller unit (2) through the SPI serial port. Furthermore, the valid body temperature and battery life are displayed on the display unit (3), wherein the display unit (3) is preferably an LCD screen. A four-word and 8-segment LCD screen is preferably chosen which displays four numbers. Driver chip of the display unit (3) connects with the controller unit (2) through a 3-line serial port. The power management unit (5) is associated with the thermometer for power up every unit and module separately.
Since, the thermometer is object to temperature of human body, the temperature must be more than 35 degrees Celsius. Hence, if the thermometer is not in the right condition, the measurements should be defined as invalid. In the present invention, two conditions are set to judge whether the measurement is valid. Hence, for valid measurement of temperature, one condition is if the temperature is whether within 35 degrees Celsius to 42 degree Celsius and the other condition is that if the temperature is achieved within 15 seconds. If the measurement is invalid, the thermometer indicates the same to the user. When the temperature is more than 35 degrees Celsius, there is a 'steady state' to decide the final temperature. This means that the real body temperature should be one of the 'steady state'. Again there are two judged conditions to determine the 'steady state'. According to the method of least squares, a slope of adjacent 10 points is calculated and every one of which is taken from each five points. First judged condition is that the absolute value of the slope is less than a threshold. Second judged condition is that the signs of two consecutive slopes are opposite. To determine the 'steady state' there is

requirement to meet one of the judged conditions. In the process of measuring temperature, once the measured temperature meets a certain condition, the 'steady state' is the final temperature. If there is no 'steady state' within 15 s, the measurement fails.
The size of the thermocouple, the heat conduction between the thermocouple and platinum temperature sensor (8), and thermal insulation affects the precision and response time of the thermometer.
The thermoelectric sensor is fabricated for the heat conduction that occurs through the leads, so the shorter the leads of the device the better the heat conduction. The shorter the leads the lower the thermal resistance between the thermoelectric sensor and the printed circuit board (12) of a mobile device. An air gap is maintained between the printed circuit board (12) and the body of the thermoelectric sensor so their air flow is still possible under the component body. The thermoelectric sensor is vacuum sealed with a filter cap wafer by an Au-Au thermocompression vacuum bonding method using sputtered layers. The wafer-level packaging has the advantages of low cost, high volume throughput, and miniaturization. The responsivity and specific detectivity of the wafer-level vacuum packaged thermoelectric sensor exhibited fourfold increases compared with the same thermoelectric sensor in atmospheric pressure packaging. The MEMS-based thermoelectric sensors have the advantages of small size, light weight, no cooling requirement, low noise, and simple interface circuit.
In the present invention, the printing circuit board of the mobile phone (100) is improved to support the improved thermoelectric sensor for measuring the temperature. The thermopile element is used, for high sensitivity. A 5.5 |im long wave pass filter, has been used along with negative temperature coefficient (NTC) thermistors for achieving high accuracy. For contactless measurement of the temperature, the micro electro-mechanical based remote sensing thermometer is a MEMS based thermopile IR sensor. MEMS based thermopile IR sensor is a series-connected array of thermocouples. Thus, the voltage generated by the thermopile IR detector is directly proportional to the number of thermocouples as shown in

Figure 5. The MEMS based thermoelectric IR sensor comprises of an IR filter window (15) through which the IR radiation enters and the heat generated from the IR radiation is detected by the thermocouple (16) set in a silicon substrate in the metal header (14) package. The thermopile structure consists of a semiconductor thermocouple leg and a dielectric membrane. For MEMS-based thermoelectric IR sensors, the packaging must realize two purposes. First, the sensing microstructure is a thin film structure with a thickness of less than 5 |im, therefore the packaging must protect the fragile membrane microstructure from mechanical damage, dust, and fingerprints to ensure long-term stability and reliability. Second, the packaging must select the working IR wavelength for the IR sensor. Packaging methods for thermoelectric IR sensors are namely, TO-CAN packaging, flip chip packaging, and wafer-level packaging.
The perspective and top view of the mobile phone (100) with integrated micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based remote sensing thermometer are depicted in Figure 7 and Figure 8, which shows that featured mobile phone with contactless thermometer which allow users to measure body temperature without touching the sensor.
EXAMPLE
The working of the mobile phone (100) with integrated micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based remote sensing thermometer is as follows, the user need to long press the button for measuring the temperature present in the keypad of the mobile phone (100) and place the top portion of the mobile phone (100) close to wrist or head (in range 10 to 60 cm) and within few seconds (ranging from 5 to 6 seconds) the measured temperature is displayed onto the screen of the mobile phone (100) with the help of the interface already installed in the mobile phone (100) and an audio sound is announced of the temperature, which allow users to measure body temperature without touching the sensor, thereby providing a contactless solution for measuring the body temperature as depicted in Figure 9.

The mobile phone (100) with integrated micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based remote sensing thermometer is cost friendly in nature, as the mobile phone used herein is a featured phone that have less number of components in comparison with the smart phones available in the market. Moreover, the platinum temperature sensor (8) used herein provides excellent corrosion resistance, excellent long-term stability, measures a wide range of temperature and provide accurate results. The mobile phone (100) with integrated micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based remote sensing thermometer eliminates the complete urge to buy thermometers and other separate temperature measurement devices.
EXPERIMENTAL ANALYSIS
Referring to Figure 6 shows an exploded view of a shell case of a micro electro¬mechanical based remote sensing thermometer in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. For convenient use in test, considering that directly hand holding thermometer affect the precision, a shell case design to encapsulate the printed circuit board (12) for thermometer is made. The size of thermocouple, heat conduction between the thermocouple and platinum temperature sensor, and thermal insulation affects the precision and response time of the thermometer. Hence, a final calibration to further improve the precision of thermometer is carried out. And then several experiments carried out show that the thermometer has fast response and high precision. In a part, the results about final calibration, measurement stability and response time of thermocouple are obtained.
Final calibration
Final calibration aims at two factors which influencing the precision of thermometer. One is the change of character of thermocouple. The other is the influence of the cold end to hot end of thermocouple. The thermocouple's character changes in a period of time because of environmental effects. And the target temperature gets distorted if the parameters of thermocouple are out of range. Then the error of measurement is large. Thus the thermocouple needs calibration after a period of time in order to keep its error in a certain range. The

influence of the cold end to the hot end of thermocouple is tested in an experiment. Hot end of thermocouple was put in the thermostatic water bath. At the same time, an external heater controlled the temperature of the cold end. In this way, the influence of the cold end to the hot end was tested. The results show that if the cold end temperature is much higher than the hot end, the influence of the cold end to the hot end is obvious. The reason is that heat conduction between the influence of cold end to the hot end, and temperature gradient in local areas and both affects the measurement. As the previous mentioned, the size of thermocouple, including length and diameter influences the heat conduction. Here, the experiment showed that the temperature difference between cold end and hot end also influences the heat conduction. Hence, final calibration is needed according to the using temperature range of thermometer. The procedures of final calibration are same as the normal use of thermometer. More than 3 groups of temperature are measured in order to calibrate the model parameters of thermocouple reference tables. Here, at least 5 groups of temperature which separately distributed over 5 temperature points including 35 degree Celsius, 37 degree Celsius, 39 degree Celsius, 41 degree Celsius, 43 degree Celsius are measured. At each point, the temperature is measured 5 times. In the design, cold end temperature is thought of as accurate enough because (a) PtlOOO is of high-accuracy; and (b) the cold end temperature has used the factory calibration table of PtlOOO RTD. The three temperatures including the reference temperature, hot end temperature and cold end temperature. It also show that the nonlinear error and linear error has been removed, and only the offset error is left. The temperature error to hot end temperature and cold end temperature respectively. These two show that the temperature error jitter is less than 0.05 degree Celsius. Hence, the hot end temperature calibration was simplified as calibrating just the offset error. The formula given in equation (1) indicates the temperature after calibration.
t = th + et (1)
where, t is the temperature of hot end which is summation of the temperature of cold end and the temperature difference between cold end and hot end. et is the offset error which is achieved from the calibration. When realizing calibration, t is

measured from thermometer, and th is from the standard thermometer. Assuming that the calibration conducted a series of N measurements (N=5 in the design), then et can be calculated through the formula given in equation (2) as follows:
et=l/N[XN(ti-thi)] (2)
In this way, the final temperature is obtained after calibration. In the experiment, the et obtained is -0.63044 degree Celsius. The measurement stability indicates precision of the thermometer. In the experiment, the thermocouple is put in the still water. In this way, skew and jitter of hot end are analyzed. The result 'was measured in a simple and crude lab, so ambient interference such as hand-swaying, vibration and walking, are not excluded. The jitter calculated was within the period of +/-0.04 degree Celsius which means the thermometer achieves high precision within 0.05 degree Celsius. Further, the response speed of thermocouple was tested in the still water. The response speed of the thermocouple obtained was about 5s which is very rapid.
Moreover, the micro electro-mechanical based remote sensing thermometer integrated mobile phone is cost friendly, as the mobile used herein is preferably a feature phone which does not consume much resources and compact in size, easy to carry and provides a non-contact temperature measurement solution.
The present invention is an effective solution as a non-contact temperature measurement thermometer. Since this invention is non-touch based it useful for medical practitioners and medical staff at the clinical setups and hospitals in contagious situations where viruses are getting spread through the touch. Additionally, application of the present invention are non-contact temperature measurements, ear thermometers, forehead thermometers, continuous temperature control of manufacturing, consumer applications, home appliance temperature measurement.
Many modifications and other embodiments of the invention set forth herein will readily occur to one skilled in the art to which the invention pertain having the benefit of the teachings presented in the foregoing descriptions and the associated

drawings. Therefore, it is to be understood that the invention is not to be limited to the specific embodiments disclosed and that modifications and other embodiments are intended to be included within the scope of the appended claims. Although specific terms are employed herein, they are used in a generic and descriptive sense only and not for purposes of limitation.

CLAIMS

We claim:

1. A mobile phone (100) with integrated micro
electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based remote sensing thermometer, comprising:
a printed circuit board assembly (12) of said mobile phone (100);
said MEMS based remote sensing thermometer for measuring body temperature, comprising of a data acquisition module (1), a controller unit (2), a display unit (3), a real-time clock (4), a storage unit (5), a power management unit (5), and an interface installed in said mobile phone (100) for displaying said body temperature;
wherein,
said printed circuit board assembly (12) and said thermometer are integrated using an improved metal header (14) that is used for maintaining heat conduction and lower thermal resistance;
said printed circuit board assembly (12) and the improved metal header (14) are arranged in a manner to maintained an air gap between said printed circuit board assembly (12) and body of said improved metal header (14) to allow air flow;
said improved metal header (14) is a three leaded component and spacing is optimized to allow insertion into a hole pattern on said printed circuit board assembly (12);
said thermometer is micro electro-mechanical based remote sensing thermometer and includes a thermoelectric sensor vacuum sealed with a filter cap wafer for achieving high volume throughput, and miniaturization;
said data acquisition module (1) comprises a thermocouple (16) for achieving thermal balance and fast response, a platinum temperature sensor (8) for

measuring cold end temperature and an analog to digital convenor for maintaining for high precision temperature readings; and
said controller unit (2) controls and monitors said thermometer and handles the process of transmitting and receiving measured temperature.
2. The mobile phone (100) with integrated micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based remote sensing thermometer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said mobile phone (100) is preferably a feature phone with button keypad, audio unit and non-touch display panel.
3. The mobile phone (100) with integrated micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based remote sensing thermometer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said improved metal header (14) is used for heat conduction that occurs through said leads and said leads are kept short for better heat conduction and lower thermal resistance between said improved metal header (14) and said printed circuit board assembly (12).
4. The mobile phone (100) with integrated micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based remote sensing thermometer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said improved metal header (14) is preferably a TO-46 package and is placed in a thermal shield.
5. The mobile phone (100) with integrated micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based remote sensing thermometer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said power management module (5) is present in said thermometer for providing power to each unit and module separately.
6. The mobile phone (100) with integrated micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based remote sensing thermometer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said thermoelectric sensor is vacuum sealed with a filter cap wafer by an Au-Au thermo-compression vacuum bonding method using sputtered Au layers.
7. The mobile phone (100) with integrated micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based remote sensing thermometer as claimed in claim 1, wherein

said metal header (14) is customized to a four pin configuration keeping the pin to pin spacing ranging from 0.05 to 0.10 inches.
8. The mobile phone (100) with integrated micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based remote sensing thermometer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said thermocouple (16) ranges from 0.24 to 0.25 mm in diameter and 50 to 60 cm in length.
9. The mobile phone (100) with integrated micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based remote sensing thermometer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said thermocouple (16) has two ends out of which one is called a hot end (7) and the other end is called a cold end (11) which acts as the reference end.
10. The mobile phone (100) with integrated micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based remote sensing thermometer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said thermocouple's (16) cold end (11) is placed along said with platinum temperature sensor (8) in a heat insulation form (9) i.e. shielding case for avoiding thermal disturbance and ambient interference.
11. The mobile phone (100) with integrated micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based remote sensing thermometer as claimed in claim 10, wherein said insulation form (9) is filled with a thermally conductive silicone (10) preferably silicone grease to ensure that the temperature of platinum temperature sensor is equal to the cold end (11).
12. The mobile phone (100) with integrated micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based remote sensing thermometer as claimed in claim 1, wherein said mobile phone (100) with integrated micro electro-mechanical system (MEMS) based remote sensing thermometer is able to detect accurate temperature by maintain a distance ranging from 10 to 60 cm.