Claims:1. A method for wheel detects rolling stock and track damage, the method comprising:
A sensor for generating a sensor output signal comprising signal indicative of different signal for train wheel flat. A sensors are connected to the two side of rails ,sensors output is directed to an interrogator 102. Interrogator 102 is optoelectronic instrument which measures the different wavelength associated with reflected light from each sensor with fixed sampling rate. sensors mounted on left rail of railway track is monitored by one channel of interrogator and sensors mounted on right rail of railway track is monitored by another channel of interrogator 102 simultaneously. After reading sensors data, interrogator sends this data stream to 103 Data processing unit over high speed data
communication port. 103 is compressed of intelligent algorithm to process sensors data to identify axle counts, direction, wheel defects and speed. After identifying these train parameters, 103 will send this information to Cloud server using TCP/IP protocol over internet service provider network .The web user interface is designed with the help of
algorithms to show the graphical infographic data of axel count, wheel fault.

2. An apparatus according to claim 1,Capability of system to work continuously i.e. 24*7

3. An apparatus according to claim 2,Capability of system to analyse, record, store
and transmit captured data to the cloud server.
4. An apparatus according to claim 1,Capability of system to work in the speed range 30 to 160 KMPH

5. An apparatus according to claim 1,Capability of system to be able to measure up to 600 axles with trains consisting of all categories, i.e. locomotives, passenger coaches and freight wagons.

6. An apparatus according to claim 1,Capability of system to measure impact load
of 60 ton

7. An apparatus according to claim 1,Ability of system to cover complete wheel
(100% wheel coverage)

8. An apparatus according to claim 1,Provision of remote diagnostic facility for ease
in maintenance by user interface.

9. An apparatus according to claim 8,System should be able to provide report on
website within 5 minutes of passing of trains.

10. An apparatus according to claim 9,The software algorithm shall be able to
generate the report having following method compressing collecting data
indicative of Date of run, Time of train passing, Axle number from front,
Average normal dynamic wheel load, Maximum dynamic wheel load, Impact
load factor, Speed of each Axle, Average speed of train.

11. An apparatus according to claim 1,Impact load measurement capability: - The
Firm should demonstrate the impact load measurement capability of the system
producing known impacts at different locations between sleepers. For this
purpose, an Impact Hammer with independent load measurement & display
capability shall be used. The impact hammer must be provided by firm's
representatives , Description:Wheel Impact Load Detector (WILD) is a system that quantifies the load imparted by the train rolling stock on the rail(s) and identifies any defective wheel. As the wheel passes over the rail, the rail experiences different types of strains. One such strain is generated due to the bending of the rail during the passage of the train. The instrumented FBG sensors measure this bending of the rail through variations in the reflected wavelength.
A wheel flat is a type of wheel defect wherein the rolling stock loses its curved surface in a localized portion predominantly due to the failure in synchronous braking. This results in a portion of the wheel becoming flat (according to Indian Railway standards, a wheel is said to be a flat wheel if the length of the flat is 50 mm or more). The WILDD system should be able to detect the flat along the rolling stocks of different wheel
diameters used in Railways with a high level of confidence.
An array of FBG sensors S1, S2,... Sn will be instrumented under the rail with distance between consecutive sensors being 600 mm. Each FBG sensor is placed at the mid- point between successive sleepers. The sleeper-to-sleeper distance in the mainline is 600 mm. In our invention sensing system, if any of the 6 sensors on one rail can detect an abnormal impact due to a wheel flat, then our invention system can detect 100% of the wheel circumference is covered by the FBG based sensing system. As mentioned, this is possible if the sensing zone of all the 6 sensors is equal to or greater than the circumference of the largest wheel that is expected to be rolling on the rail. As the range
ofwheel diameters for railways is from 780 mm to 1098 mm, the sensing zone of the 6 sensors must be greater than or equal to 1098 x n=3449.5mm. With inter-sensor distance of 600mm in our system, the sensing zone of the linear array of FBG sensors is 3600mm which is greater than the circumference of the largest wheel. Therefore, if the sensing width of each of the FBG sensors is greater than or equal to 600mm, we can conclude that our system achieves 100% wheel coverage with respect to significant defects on the circumference.