DESC:FIELD OF INVENTION:
The present invention relates to a synergistic non-aqueous composition comprising bioactive amount of (A) Prothioconazole; and (B) at least one more of active ingredient selected from class of an insecticide; or a fungicide; or a plant health additive; or combination thereof. The present invention further relates to selection of suitable formulation excipients, process of preparation of the said non-aqueous formulation and its application in the field of agriculture.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:
These days cultivation of crops and agriculture in general is cost intensive. Receiving a high yield from the cultivated crops is a key. Hence, to achieve higher yield, protecting crops from pests and diseases is vital. Hence, the most effective way to control crop pests and diseases is the application of pesticides in accordance with the appropriate management practices with proper formulation thereof.
Treating plants with such a pesticides and plant health additives or combination thereof in appropriate formulation helps to reduce the crops/plants damage. Another advantage of treating the plants with the said combination is the improvement in plant growth overall plant health and increase in the crop yield.
Various kinds of agrochemical formulations are developed based upon active ingredients and scope of application thereof. Pesticides for agriculture purpose are available both in the pure form and as well as incorporated into agrochemical formulations, which typically comprise one or more active ingredients (AIs) and additional excipients substances that enhance the effects and facilitate the application thereof, such as carriers, adjuvants or additives. These formulations can be directly applied onto the crops or, more commonly, are applied after being diluted and the spray mixture formed. The formulation type to be used is primarily defined on the basis of physicochemical characteristics of the AI(s) and can be: soluble concentrate (SL), emulsifiable concentrate (EC), emulsion in water (EW), suspension concentrate (SC), suspo-emulsion (SE), micro-emulsion (ME), oil dispersion (OD) or suspension concentrate (SC), dispersible concentrate (DC), capsule suspension (CS), dispersible granules (WG), wettable powder (WP) and others.
The various types of agrochemical formulations are the result of the existence of a large variety of AIs of different chemical natures. For example, a water soluble AI can be easily included into a water based SL while a high melting, water insoluble AI is commonly found in the form of a EC (Emulsifiable concentrate). For this reason, agrochemical formulations are distinct and can contain different inert components.
In recent years, OD (Oil Dispersion) formulations (non-aqueous) have been the subject of studies by companies and formulators because of their advantages with respect to the agronomic performance in the field as compared with conventional formulations. Active ingredients (AIs) formulated in different types of formulations usually exhibit different physicochemical characteristics based on type of formulation they are incorporated in. The different performance between them is due to the fact that ODs already contain in their composition mineral or vegetable oil, and emulsifiers, which can act as penetration adjuvants when applied in the field. Penetration adjuvants aid in the absorption of AIs by the plant and, in the case of some conventional formulations, they are used in association with the formulation in the spray mixture, ensuring agronomical effectiveness of the AI. Thus, OD formulations can be deemed “adjuvanted” formulations and do not require additional associated adjuvants to be applied in the field.
Though OD formulation is called as adjuvated formulation, it still requires various adjuvants along with formulation excipients. OD formulation presents several challenges in the process of manufacturing and developing stable and effective formulation with choice of proper formulation excipient or adjuvants. To obtain a good and stable formulation over time, optimal formulation additives are required in addition to optimum processes. There were several development and research done in the filed field of formulation development of Oil Dispersion (OD) formulation. Dispersion and activation of active ingredients is the key to the stability of the formulation over time. Solvents or carrier used as a petroleum based or the aromatic solvent is replaced by the solvents in the form of vegetable oils. Vegetable oils application as a formulation excipient in OD formulation further has their own challenges for stable formulation due to stability issue associated with vegetable oil used and corresponding active ingredient. Although various research has been done in formulation development it has got many draw backs as having high dose of active ingredients and thereby maximizing the pesticidal load into the environment. Many OD formulations has less thermal and chemical stability over a broad range of conditions; increases the toxicity hazards to the applicators and thereby decreasing the safety of applicators at the time of handling and spraying the pesticides. Further some OD formulation with less suitable formulation excipients may lead to have less leaf penetration of spray droplets and thus increases evaporation loss and minimize the absorption of active ingredients.
Therefore, there is further need and scope in the formulation development of the OD (non-aqueous) formulation comprising one or more active ingredients with better stability profile and increases the synergistic effect of the active ingredients, reduces the toxicity with less introduction of toxic material in environment, which may reduce the dose of the pesticides and eventually produce less chemicals in environment, with better safety profile for contact pesticides.
US20160088835A1 relates to an agrochemical oil dispersion formulation, use of the agrochemical oil dispersion formulations and process for the preparation of the agrochemical oil dispersion formulation. Novel agrochemical oil dispersion formulations include at least one active ingredient suspended in oil phase, dispersants, a clay-based rheological additive, a cellulose derived rheological additive and emulsifying agents, wherein they can further include at least one active ingredient solubilized in the oil phase. These agrochemical oil dispersion formulations can be used in spray mixtures for controlling pests in agriculture. The novel agrochemical oil dispersion formulations are obtained by a process which includes dispersing at least one active ingredient in the oil phase with dispersants and a clay-based rheological additive, followed by milling the dispersed mixture and a final mixing step where cellulose- and clay-based rheological additives are added in addition to emulsifying agents, wherein at least one active ingredient can also be added by solubilization.
WO2016023013A2 relates to Synergistic fungicidal mixtures for fungal control in cereals. A synergistic mixture comprising a fungicidally effective amount of a compound of Formula I, 8-benzyl-3-(3-((isobutyryloxy)methoxy)-4-methoxypicolinamido)-6- methyl-4,9-dioxo-l,5-dioxonan-7-yl isobutyrate, and at least one fungicidal sterol biosynthesis inhibitor, wherein the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor is selected from the group consisting of PROTHIOCONAZOLE, epoxiconazole, cyproconazole, myclobutanil, prochloraz, metconazole, difenconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, fenbuconazole, propiconazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, flutriafol, and fenpropimorph, wherein the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor is prothioconazole. The weight ratio of the compound of Formula I to the sterol biosynthesis inhibitor is between about 1: 10 and about 10: 1.
US20200100501A1 discloses a fungicidal composition comprising: Component (A): prothioconazole; and Component (B): chlorothalonil. There is also provided a method for the control and/or prevention of fungal infestations in a plant, the method comprising applying to the plant, plant parts or the locus thereof: Component (A): prothioconazole; and Component (B): chlorothalonil. The combination of prothioconazole and chlorothalonil exhibits synergy and also exhibits a reduction in phytotoxicity. The weight ratio of prothioconazole to chlorothalonil is from 1:30 to 1:1.
US9167818B2 relates to active compounds combinations comprising prothioconazole and fluxapyroxad. The present invention relates to active compound combinations, within a fungicide composition, which comprises (A) prothioconazole and (B) fluxapyroxad and optionally (C) a further fungicidally active compound. Moreover, the invention relates to a method for curatively or preventively controlling the phytopathogenic fungicidally of plants or crops (e.g. cereals such as wheat, barley, lye, oats, millet and triticale; soya beans; rice; corn/maize; oil seed rape including canola; beans, peas, peanuts; sugar beet, fodder beet, beetroot; potatoes; cotton), and to the use of a combination according to the invention for the treatment of seed, to a method for protecting a seed and not at least to the treated seed. The compound combination comprises as sole active ingredients (A) prothioconazole and (B) fluxapyroxad, wherein the weight ratio of A: B is from 10:1 to 1:10.
There is however a need for improvement of these combinations. Single active combination used over a long period of time has resulted in resistance. With the onset of resistance to certain pests, there is a need in the art for a combination of actives (especially different formulation(s)) that decrease the chances of resistance and improves the spectrum of insect-pests and diseases control.
In general use, the pesticide actives are used in the form of a dilute aqueous composition because it can attain a good interaction with the target organism, such as plants, insect-pests and diseases. However, most active pesticide compounds that are used as pesticides are only sparingly or insoluble in water. The low solubility of such compounds presents the challenges and difficulties to formulator in formulating pesticide compounds in stable formulations that can be easily stored for a long time and which can still have a high stability and effective activity until end use. This problem especially occurs and may get worsen if more than one active compound is present in the mixture.
Therefore there is further need to reformulate the OD formulation which increases the synergistic activities between active ingredients by using the appropriate formulation excipients; enhance the duration of control of insect-pests, fungal and bacterial diseases; reduce the doses of active ingredients and thereby minimizing the pesticidal load into the environment; has thermal and chemical stability over a broad range of conditions; reduces the toxicity hazards to the applicators, i.e. improves the safety of applicators at the time of handling and spraying the pesticides; and improves leaf penetration of spray droplets, retard evaporation loss and enhance the absorption of active ingredients.
There is however a need for improvement of OD formulations. Many a times it has been found that single or combination of active ingredients requires a high loading dose for the better results. Further this will create a higher loading of the pesticides in the environment. Further many of the OD formulation recipes are prone to lose stability when exposed to the higher temperature. In addition, there are higher chances of formulation applied getting evaporated resulting in the loss of the active ingredients before penetration.
Therefore, one object of the present invention is to provide improved formulation of OD comprising of (A) Prothioconazole; and (B) at least one more of active ingredients selected from class of insecticides or fungicides or plant health additive or combination thereof for the control of insect-pest. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and a composition for controlling insect pests and diseases (fungal diseases and bacterial diseases) on a full-grown plant with the use of novel OD formulation.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide improved formulation comprising of (A) Prothioconazole; and (B) at least one more of active ingredients selected from class of insecticides; or fungicides; or plant health additive; or combination thereof that promote plant health and increase plant yield in the field.
Further object of the present invention is to provide suitable formulation excipients for the present Oil Dispersion formulation in order to produce stable and synergistic formulation.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a composition and method to prepare the OD formulation.
Embodiments of the present invention can ameliorate one or more of the above-mentioned problems of the prior art.
Inventors of the present invention have surprisingly found that the novel synergistic mixture of OD formulation for plant treatment comprising of (A) Prothioconazole; and (B) any one of active ingredients selected from class of insecticides or fungicides or plant health additive or combination thereof can provide solution to the above-mentioned problems.

SUMMARY OF INVENTION:
Therefore an aspect of the present invention provides a synergistic agrochemical Oil Dispersion (OD) composition comprising bioactive amount of (A) Prothioconazole; and (B) at least one more of active ingredients selected from class of insecticides or fungicides or plant health additive or combination thereof; along with formulation excipients.
Another aspect of the present invention provides a synergistic agrochemical Oil Dispersion (OD) composition comprising bioactive amount of (A) Prothioconazole is in range of 1 to 50% w/w; and (B) at least one more of active ingredients selected from class of insecticides or fungicides or plant health additive or combination thereof is in range of 0.001 to 70% w/w; along with formulation excipients.
More particularly the aspect of the present invention is to provide the a synergistic agrochemical Oil Dispersion (OD) composition comprising possible combinations of Prothioconazole + Insecticide; or Prothioconazole + Insecticide A + Insecticide B; or Prothioconazole + Fungicide; or Prothioconazole + FungicideA + Fungicide B; or Prothioconazole + Plant Health Additive; or Prothioconazole + Insecticide + Plant Health Additive; or Prothioconazole + Fungicide + Plant Health Additive; or Prothioconazole + Insecticide + Fungicide.
Further aspect of the present invention is to provide novel agrochemical Oil Dispersion (OD) formulation comprising at least one active ingredient suspended in oil phase shows synergistic activity and stability over wide range of the conditions.
Further aspect of the present synergistic Oil Dispersion (OD) composition is to provide selection of suitable formulation excipients selected from category of super wetting-spreading-penetrating agent, carrier or solvent, emulsifying agent, dispersing agent, stabilizers, antifoaming agent, preservative, anti-freezing agent and buffering agents.
Another aspect of the present invention is to provide synergistic agrochemical Oil Dispersion (OD) formulation comprising Super Wetting-spreading-penetrating agent- Polyalkyleneoxide modified Heptamethyl trisiloxane (Modified trisiloxane).
Further aspect of the present invention is to provide synergistic agrochemical Oil Dispersion (OD) formulation comprising carrier or a solvent selected from Pongamia/karanja/karanj oil; palm oil; pongamia oil and palm oil; pongamia oil and jojoba oil; palm oil and jojoba oil; pongamia oil and vegetable oil; palm oil and vegetable oil; pongamia oil and palm oil and vegetable oil; solvent; or mixtures thereof.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, an insecticide may be selected from Carbamates; Organophosphates; Phenylpyrazole; Pyrethroids; Nicotinic insecticides; Mectins; Juvenile hormone mimics; Chordotonal organs modulators; Mite growth inhibitors; Microbial disruptors of insect midgut membrane; Inhibitors of mitochondrial ATP synthase; Uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation; Nereis toxin; Chitin biosynthesis inhibitors; Inhibitors of the chitin biosynthesis type 1; Moulting disruptors; Ecdyson receptor agonists; Octopamin receptor agonists; METI (mitochondrial electron transport inhibitors; Voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers; Inhibitors of the lipid synthesis, inhibitors of acetyl CoA carboxylase; Diamides; Metadiamides; Isoxazolines; Baculoviruses; compounds of unknown or uncertain mode of action.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, a fungicide may be selected from Nucleic acid synthesis inhibitors; Cytoskeleton and motor proteins/cell division Inhibitors; Respiration inhibitors; Amino acids and protein synthesis inhibitors; Signal transduction inhibitors; Lipid or transport and membrane synthesis inhibitors; Sterol biosynthesis Inhibitors; Cell wall biosynthesis Inhibitors; Melanin synthesis in cell wall Inhibitors; Plant defence inducers; Unknow mode of action; Not classified (N); Chemicals with multisite activities (M)-multisite contact activities; Biologicals with multiple modes of action (BM); others.
In a further embodiment of the present invention, plant health additives are selected from bio-stimulants, plant growth regulators, microbial agents and micronutrients or mixture thereof.
The present synergistic agrochemical Oil Dispersion (OD) composition comprising bioactive amount of (A) Prothioconazole; and (B) at least one more of active ingredients selected from class of insecticides or fungicides or plant health additive or combination thereof described herein is obtained by a process comprising a step of
a) preparing the liquid premix by charging the oil or solvent or both followed by adding super wetting-spreading-penetrating agent.
b) The further step is adding the active ingredients into the premixed through milling for the proper size distribution.
c) Further adding the thickening agent followed by stirring the slurry get prepared by milling process to prepare the final formulation.
These agrochemical oil dispersion formulations prepared above can be used in spray mixtures in agriculture.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION:
Formulation technology in the field of an agriculture is now seen as an “enabling technology” which can provide safe and effective products which are convenient to use. It can also modify the toxicity of active ingredients and improve their ability to target a specific pest. At a time when the discovery of new agrochemical compounds is more difficult and certainly a high risk and expensive operation, formulation technology can extent the useful patent life of an active ingredient. It can also provide a competitive edge by improving product quality of existing formulations, or by introducing a new formulation of an active ingredient.
OD formulations are non-aqueous dispersion intended for dilution into water before use, and represent the most complex of the non-aqueous suspension formulations. Oil dispersion (OD) formulations consist of a suspension of a solid technical in oil. The oil also serve as a carrier or solvent for additives. The oil dispersion is usually dispersed in water prior to spraying.
An Oil Dispersion is a non-aqueous suspension concentrate. It combines a very good biological efficacy with an environmentally friendly formulation. The active ingredient is dispersed in oils or methylated crop oils.
Oil Dispersion formulation comprises with some features as it comprises no aromatic solvent or reduced amount of aromatic solvent; is non-aqueous formulation; non-flammable and low volatility; higher efficiency.
Oil Dispersion (OD) have several advantages over standard formulations. Emulsifiable Concentrate (ECs) formulations are under a strong regulatory pressure to replace toxic and flammable solvents with a less toxic and non-flammable solutions. The novel ODs meets these needs: the oil content gives a favourable eco-toxicological profile guarantying a very high biological efficacy. Further the novel OD formulations are non-toxic and non-flammable formulations. Over the EC formulation the novel OD formulation is having very high biological efficacy.
Suspension concentrate (SC) formulations are very safe formulations but the aqueous media in such formulation is normally not ideal to boost the pesticide’s biological efficacy. As an agriculture growers’ standard practice, tank mix adjuvants are added to guarantee a higher performance. The novel OD, with its oil content, guarantees the best biological results. For water sensitive active ingredients, the novel OD represents the sole technical solution to liquid formulation. The novel OD formulation over SC formulation is very safe formulation along with high biological performance. Further the novel OD formulation is ideal for all the active ingredients not stable in water.
Water dispersible granules (WDG) formulations are very safe but quite expensive. Optimal biological efficacy requires adjuvants. The novel OD, with its oil content and better particle size distribution, combines high efficacy with better cost. The novel OD formulation over WDG has economic significance as having better efficacy at a lower cost.
OD formulation presents several challenges in preparation and manufacturing phase. To obtain a good and stable formulation over time, optimal formulation additives are required in addition to optimum processes. Particular attention must be given to choose of all the formulation excipients. Its dispersion and activation are key to the stability of the formulation over time.
Some important requirements of the formulation excipients are perfectly dispersible in oil, no phase separation, easy milling, with no agglomeration, excellent oil emulsification, stable dilution, good coverage and penetration, even distribution through the whole formulation, provide the right yield value of active ingredients.
Therefore, an aspect of the present invention provides a synergistic agrochemical Oil Dispersion (OD) composition comprising bioactive amount of (A) Prothioconazole; and (B) at least one more of active ingredients selected from class of insecticides or fungicides or plant health additive or combination thereof.
Further aspect of the present invention is to provide novel agrochemical Oil Dispersion (OD) formulation comprising of combination of active ingredients suspended in oil phase that shows synergistic activity and stability over wide range of the conditions.
In preferred embodiment of the invention, the yield of the plants treated according to the method of the invention, is increased synergistically.
The term "synergistic", as used herein, refers the combined action of two or more active
agents blended and administered conjointly that is greater than the sum of their individual effects.
Another embodiment of the present invention synergistic agrochemical Oil Dispersion (OD) composition comprising bioactive amount of (A) Prothioconazole is in range of 1 to 50% w/w; and (B) at least one more of active ingredients selected from class of insecticides or fungicides or plant health additive or combination thereof is in range of 0.001 to 70% w/w; along with formulation excipients.
Another embodiment of the present invention synergistic agrochemical Oil Dispersion (OD) composition comprising possible combinations of Prothioconazole + Insecticide; or Prothioconazole+Insecticide A+ Insecticide B; or Prothioconazole +Fungicide; or Prothioconazole + FungicideA +FungicideB; or Prothioconazole + Plant Health Additive; or Prothioconazole + Insecticide + Plant Health Additive; or Prothioconazole + Fungicide +Plant Health Additive; or Prothioconazole + Insecticide + Fungicide.
Further embodiment of the present invention synergistic agrochemical Oil Dispersion (OD) formulation comprising formulation excipients from the category of Super Wetting-spreading-penetrating agent, Solvent, emulsifying agent, dispersing agent, stabilizers, antifoaming agent, preservative, anti-freezing agent and buffering agents.
In an embodiment Super Wetting-spreading-penetrating agent for the present Oil Dispersion formulation is Polyalkyleneoxide modified Heptamethyl trisiloxane (Modified trisiloxane)
In an embodiment Solvent is selected form Pongamia/karanja/karanj (Millettia pinnata/Pongamia pinnata/Pongamia glabra) oil alone or Palm (Elaeis spp.) oil (Palm oil and palm kernel oil) alone or Blend of Pongamia oil and palm oil or Blend of Pongamia oil and Jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis) or Blend of Palm oil and Jojoba oilBlend of Pongamia oil and vegetable oil Blend of Palm oil and vegetable oilBlend of Pongamia oil, Palm oil and vegetable oil. The vegetable oil may be any one or mixture of two or more selected from soybean (Glycine max) oil, groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) oil, rapeseed (Brassica napus subspecies) oil, mustard (Brassica juncea) oil, sesame (Sesamum indicum) oil, Corn (Zea mays) oil, rice (Oryza sativa) bran oil, castor (Ricinum communis) seed oil, cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) seed oil, linseed (Linum usitatissimum), coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil, Kapok (Ceiba pentandra) oil, Papaya (Carica papaya) seed oil, Tea seed (Camellia oleifera) oil, sunflower (Helianthus annuus) oil, safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) seed oil, Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) oil, Olive (Olea europaea) oil, Jatropha (Jatropha curcas) oil, Garlic acid (Allium sativum), Ginger oil (Zingiber officinale), D-limonene, Citronella oil or Ceylon ironwood (Mesua ferrea) oil, Mahua (Madhuca longifolia) oil.
Prefrebly solvent for the present formulation is selected from pongamia oil, palm oil, vegetable oil or alkylated or ethoxylated or epoxylated or esterified or mixtures threoff. Most prefrebly solvent(s) is selected form methyl ester of karanj oil, methyl ester of palm oil, methyl ester of karanj oil and soybean oil, methyl ester of palm oil and corn oil, methyl ester of palm oil and rapeseed oil etc.
In an embodiment present formulated Oil dispersion composition provides formulation excipients selected from Emulsifying agent, Dispersing agent, Stabilizers, antifoaming agent, anti-freezing agent, Preservative and optionally buffering agent with specific amount in order to formulated stable formulation.
In another embodiment, the combination of the present synergistic agrochemical Oil Dispersion (OD) composition comprises of bioactive amount of (A) Prothioconazole; and (B) atleast one more of active ingredients selected from class of insecticides or fungicides or plant health additive or combination thereof along with formulation excipient shows synergistic effect.
In a embodiment of the present invention, a fungicide may be selected from A-nucleic acid synthesis inhibitors; B-cytoskeleton and motor proteins/cell division inhibitors; C-respiration inhibitors; D-amino acids and protein synthesis inhibitors; E-signal transduction inhibitors; F-lipid or transport and membrane synthesis inhibitors; G-sterol biosynthesis Inhibitors; H-Cell wall biosynthesis Inhibitors; I-Melanin synthesis in cell wall Inhibitors; J-Plant defence inducers; K-Unknow mode of action; L-Not classified; M-Chemicals with multisite/contact activities; N-Biologicals with multiple modes of action (BM); O-Others fungicides;
In an embodiment of the present invention, a fungicide A-Nucleic acid synthesis inhibitors is selected from PhenylAmides group (A1)-Acylalanines-benalaxyl, benalaxyl-M (=kiralaxyl), furalaxyl, metalasxyl, metalaxyl-M (=mefenoxam)), butyrolactones (ofurace), oxazolidinones (oxadixyl), hydroxy-(2-amino-) pyrimidines; A2. bupirimate, dimethirimol, ethirimol, heteroaromatics; (A3)-isothiazolones-octhilinone, isoxazoles-hymexazole; carboxylic acids(A4)-oxolinic acid; Other-5-fluorocytosine, 5- fluoro-2-(p-tolylmethoxy)pyrimidin-4-amine, 5-fluoro-2-(4-fluorophenylmethoxy)pyrimidin-4-amine;
In a embodiment of the present invention, a fungicide B-Cytoskeleton and motor proteins/cell division Inhibitors is selected from benzimidazoles(B1)-benomyl, carbendazim, fuberidazole, thiabendazole; thiophanates(B1)-thiophanate, thiophanate-methyl; N-phenyl carbamates(B2)-diethofencarb; toluamides(B3)-zoxamide; ethylamino-thiazole-carboxamide (B3)-ethaboxam; phenylureas (B4)-pencycuron; pyridinylmethyl benzamides (B5)-fluopicolide, flufenoxadiazam, fluopimomide; aminocyanoacrylates (B6)-phenamacril; benzophenone(B6)-metrafenone; benzoylpyridine(B6)-pyriofenone;
In a embodiment of the present invention, a fungicide C-Respiration inhibitors is selected from Pyrimidinamines (C1)-diflumetorim; pyrazole-5-carboxamide (C1)-tolfenpyrad; quinazoline (C1)-fenazaquin; SDHI (Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors is selected from (C2)-phenyl-benzamides(C2)-benodanil, flutolanil, mepronil; phenyl-oxo-ethyl thiophene amid(C2)-isofetamid; pyridinyl-ethyl-benzamides(C2)-fluopyram; furan-carboxamides (C2)-fenfuran; oxathin-carboxamides(C2)-carboxin, oxycarboxin, thiazole-carboxamides (C2)-thifluzamide; pyrazole-4-carboxamides(C2)-benzovindiflupyr, bixafen, fluindapyr, furametpyr, isopyrazam, penflufen, penthiopyrad, sedaxane, flubeneteram, pyrapropoyne, inpyrfluxam, isoflucypram, pydiflumetofen; pyridine carboxamides(C2)-boscalid, pyraziflumid; QoI-fungicides (Quinone outside Inhibitors is selected from (C3)-benzyl carbamates-pyribencarb; dihydro dioxazines-fluoxastrobin; imidazolinones-fenamidone; methoxy acetamide; mandestrobin; methoxy acrylates-azoxystrobin, coumoxystrobin, enoxastrobin, flufenoxystrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraoxystrobin; methoxy carbamates-pyraclostrobin, pyrametostrobin, triclopyricarb; oxazolidine diones-famoxadone; oximino acetamides-dimoxystrobin, fenamistrobin, metominostrobin, orysastrobin; oximino acetates-kresoxim methyl, trifloxystrobin; QiI-fungicides (Quinone inside Inhibitors) is selected from (C4)-cyano imidazole-cyazofamid; sulfamoyl triazole-amisulbrom; picolinamides-fenpicoxamid, florylpicoxamid, metarylpicoxamid; tetrazolinones-metyltetraprole; Uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation (C5)-dinitophenyl crotonates (C5)-binapacryl, meptyldinocap, dinocap, 2, 6-dinitro anilines (C5)-fluazinam, Inhibitors of oxidative phosphorylation, ATP synthase (C6)-tri phenyl tin compounds (C6)-fentin acetate, fentin chloride, fentin hydroxide, ATP transport are selected from (C7)-thiophene (C7)-silthiofam, Quinone outside Inhibitors, stigmatellin binding type (QoSI-C8) are selected from triazolo pyrimidylamine (C8)-ametoctradin.
In a embodiment of the present invention, a fungicide D-Amino acids and protein synthesis inhibitors are selected from anilino-pyrimidines (D1)-cyprodinil, mepanipyrim, pyrimethanil, enopyranuronic acid antibiotic (D2)-blasticidin-S, hexopyranosyl antibiotic (D3)-kasugamycin, glucopyranosyl antibiotic (D4)-streptomycin, tetracycline antibiotic (D5)-oxytetracycline.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a fungicide E-Signal transduction inhibitors are selected from aryloxyquinoline (E1)-quinoxyfen, quinazolinone (E1)-proquinazid, phenylpyrroles (E2)-fenpiclonil, fludioxonil, dicarboximides (E3)-chlozolinate, dimethachlone, iprodione, procymidone, vinclozolin;
In a embodiment of the present invention, a fungicide F-Lipid or transport and membrane synthesis inhibitors are selected from dithiolanes (F2)-isoprothiolane, phosphorthiolates(F2)-edifenphos, iprobenfos (IBP), pyrazophos, aromatic hydrocarbons (F3)-biphenyl, chloroneb, dicloran, quintozene, tecnazene, tolcofos methyl, etridiazole, carbamates (F4)-iodocarb, propamocarb, prothiocarb, terpene hydrocarbons (F7)-extract from Melaleuca arternifolia (tea tree), plant oils (mixtures); eugenol, geraniol, thymol, amphoteric macrolide antifungal (F8)-natamycin (pimaricin), piperidinyl thiazole isoxazolines (F9)-oxathiapipronil, fluoxapipronil, Fluoxapiprolin-s.
In a embodiment of the present invention, a fungicide G-Sterol biosynthesis Inhibitors: are selected from imidazoles(G1)-imazalil, imidazoles(G1)-oxpoconazole, pefurazoate, procloraz, triflumizole, piperazines-triforine, pyridines-pyrifenox, pyrisoxazole, pyrimidines-fenarimo, naurimol, triazoles-azaconazole, bitertanol, bromuconazole, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, fenbuconazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, frutriafol, hexaconazole, imibenconazole, ipconazole, mefentrifluconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, penconazole, propiconazole, simconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, tiradimefon, tiradimenol, triticonazole, fluoxytioconazole, morpholines (G2)-aldimoprh, dedomorph, tridemorph, fenpropimorph, piperidines (G2)-fenpropidin, piperalin, spiroketal amines (G2)-spiroxamine, amino pyrazolinone (G3)-fenpyrazamine, hydroxyanilides (G3)-fenhexamid, allaylamines (G4)-naftifine, terbinafine, pyributicarb.
In a embodiment of the present invention, a fungicide H-Cell wall biosynthesis Inhibitors are selected from peptidpyl pyrimidine (H4)-polyoxin, cinnamic acid amides (H5)-dimethomorph, flumorph, pyrimorph, mandelic acid amides (H5)-mandipropamid, valinamide carbamates (H5)-benthiavalicard, iprovalicarb, alifenalate.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a fungicide I-Melanin synthesis in cell wall Inhibitors are selected from isobenzo furanone (I1)-fthalide, pyrrolo quinolinone-pyroquilon, triazolobenzothiazole-tricyclazole, carboxamide (I2)-diclycymet, cyclopropane carboxamide (I2)-carpropamid, propionamide (I2)-fenoxanil, trifluoroethyl carbamate (I3)-tolprocarb.
In a embodiment of the present invention, fungicide J-Plant defence inducers are selected from benzothiadiazole (P1)-acibenzolar-S-methyl, probenazole, thiadiazole (P3)-tiadinil, isotianil, polysaccharides (P4)-laminarin, complex mixture thanol extract (P5)- extract from Reynoutria sachalinensis (giant knowweed), bacterial Bacillus (P6)-Bacillus mycoides isolate J, cell awall of Saccharomyces erevisiae strain LAS117, phosphonates(P7)-fosetyl-AL, phosphoric acid and salts;
In a embodiment of the present invention, a fungicide K-Unknow mode of action are selected from cyanoacetamide oxime-cymoxanil, phthalamic acid-teclofthalam, benzotirazines-triazoxide, benzene-sulfonamides-fluslfamide, pyridazinones-diclomezine, phenyl acetamide-cyflufenamid, guanindines-dodine, cyano methylene thiazolidines-flutianil, pyrimidinone hydrazones-ferimzone, flumetylsulforim, 4-quinolyl acetates-tebufloquin, tetrazolyloximes-picarbutrazox, glucopyranosyl antibiotics-validamycin.
In an embodiment of the present invention, a fungicide L-Not classified are selected from mineral oils, inorganic oils, organic oils, potassium bicarbonates, materials of biological origin;
In a embodiment of the present invention, a fungicide M-Chemicals with multisite/contact activities are selected from inorganic-copper (copper hydroxide, copper oxychloride, copper (II) sulphate, Bordeaux mixture, copper salicylate, cuprous oxide), sulphur, dithiocarbamates and relatives-ferbam, mancozeb, maneb, metiram, propineb, thiram, zinc thiazole, zineb, ziram, phthalimides-captan, captafol, folpet, chloronitriles (phthalonitriles)-chlorothalonil, sulfamides-dichlofluanid, tolylfluanid, bis guanidines-guazatine, iminoctadine, triazines-anilazine, quinones (anthraquinones)-dithianon, quinoxalines-chinomethionat / quinomethionate, maleimide-fluoroimide, thiocarbamate-methasulfocarb.
In a embodiment of the present invention, a fungicide N-Biologicals with multiple modes of action (BM) are selected from polypeptide (lectin)-extract from the cotyledons of lupine plantlets (“BLAD”), Plant extract-Phenols, Sesquiterpenes, Triterpenoids, Coumarins, microbial (living microbes or extract metabilites-Trichoderma atroviride strain SC1, Trichoderma atroviride strain I-1237, Trichoderma atroviride strain LU132, Trichoderma asperellum strain T34, Gliocladium catenulatum strain J1446 , Clonostachys rosea strain CR-7, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain QST713, strain FZB24, strain MBI600, strain D747, strain F727, Bacillus subtilis strain AFS032321, Pseudomonas chlororaphis strain AFS009, Streptomyces griseovirides strain K61, Streptomyces lydicus strain WYEC108, Polyoxin D zinc salt.
In an embodiment of the present invention, futher fungicide are selected from Ipflufenoquin-quinoline fungicide, Pyridachlometyl-pyridazine fungicide, quinofumelin, dichlobentiazox, aminopyrifen, dipymetitrone, seboctylamine (bactericide), chloroinconazide (virucide).
In a embodiment of the present invention, Insecticidal compound are selected from the group consisting of Acetylcholine esterase inhibitors from the class of carbamates; Acetylcholine esterase inhibitors from the class of organophosphates; GABA-gated chloride channel antagonists from the class of phenylpyrazoles (fiproles); Sodium channel modulators from the class of pyrethroids; Nicotinic acteylcholine receptor (nAChR) competitive modulators; Nicotinic acteylcholine receptor (nAChR) allosteric modulators-Site I; Glutamate-gated chloride channel (GluCl) allosteric modulators; juvenile hormone mimics; Non-specific multi-site inhibitors; Chordotonal organs TRPV channel modulators; Mite growth inhibitors affecting CHS1; Microbial disruptors of insect midgut membrane; Inhibitors of mitochondrial ATP synthase; Uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation; Nicotinic acetylcholine receptor channel blockers; Inhibitors of the chitin biosynthesis affecting CHS1; Inhibitors of the chitin biosynthesis type 1; Moulting disruptors; Ecdyson receptor agonists; Octopamin receptor agonists; Mitochondrial complex III electron transport inhibitors; Mitochondrial complex I electron transport inhibitors; Voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers; Inhibitors of the lipid synthesis, inhibitors of acetyl CoA carboxylase; Mitochondrial complex IV electron transport inhibitors; Mitochondrial complex II electron transport inhibitors; Ryanodine receptor-modulators from the class of diamides; Chordotonal organ modulators-undefined target; GABA gated chloride channel allosteric modulators-Metadiamides, Isoxazolines; Baculoviruses; Calcium activated potassium channel (KCa2) modulators; UN-Compounds of unknown or uncertain mode of action. Carbamates selected form carbaryl, carbofuran, carbosulfan, methomyl, oxamyl, pirimicarb, thiodicarb. Organophosphates insecteside selected from acephate, cadusafos, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, demeton-S-methyl, dimethoate, ethion, fenamiphos, fenitrothion, fenthion, fosthiazate, methamidophos, monocrotophos, oxydemeton-methyl, parathion, parathion-methyl, phenthoate, phorate, phosalone, phosphamidon, profenofos, quinalphos, triazophos. Phenylpyrazole (fiproles) selected from ethiprole, fipronil, flufiprole, nicofluprole, pyrafluprole, pyriprole. Pyrethroids insecteside selected from bifenthrin, cyfluthrin, beta-cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, gamma-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, alpha-cypermethrin, beta-cypermethrin, theta-cypermethrin, zeta-cypermethrin, cyphenothrin, deltamethrin, fenpropathrin, fenvalerate, tau-fluvalinate, permethrin, phenothrin, prallethrin, profluthrin, pyrethrin (pyrethrum). Nicotinic insecteside selected from neonicotinoids: acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, flupyrimin, cycloxaprid, paichongding, guadipyr, cycloxylidin; sulfoximines-sulfoxaflor; butenolides- flupyradifurone; mesoionics- triflumezopyrim, dichloromezotiaz, fenmezoditiaz. Spinosyns insecteside selected from spinosad, Spinetoram. Mectins insecteside selected from Avermectins-abamectin, emamectin benzoate, ivermectin, lepimectin; milbemycins- milbemectin. Juvenile hormone mimics insecteside selected from hydroprene, kinoprene, methoprene, fenoxycarb, pyriproxyfen. Multisite inhibitors insecteside selected from chloropicrin, dazomet, metam. Chordotonal organs modulators-selective homopteran feeding blockers insecteside selected from pyridine azomethine-pymetrozine, pyrifluquinazon; pyropenes- afidopyropen, others-flonicamid. Mite growth inhibitors insecteside selected from clofentezine, hexythiazox, diflovidazin or etoxazole. Microbial disruptors of insect midgut membrane insecteside selected from Bacillus thuringiensis and insecticidal proteins they product. Inhibitors of mitochondrial ATP synthase insecteside selected from diafenthiuron, azocyclotin, cyhexatin, fenbutatin oxide, propargite, or tetradifon. Uncouplers of oxidative phosphorylation insecteside selected from chlorfenapyr, DNOC, or sulfluramid. Nereis toxin insecteside selected from bensultap, monosultap, cartap hydrochloride, thiocyclam, thiocyclam hydrogen oxalate, thiocyclam hydrochloride, thiosultap sodium. Chitin biosynthesis inhibitors insecteside selected from benzoylureas-bistrifluron, chlorfluazuron, diflubenzuron, flucycloxuron, flufenoxuron, hexaflumuron, lufenuron, novaluron, noviflumuron, teflubenzuron, triflumuron. Inhibitors of the chitin biosynthesis type 1 insecteside selected from buprofezin. Moulting disruptors insecteside selected from cyromazine. Ecdyson receptor agonists insecteside selected from diacylhydrazines- methoxyfenozide, tebufenozide, halofenozide, fufenozide or chromafenozide. Octopamin receptor agonists insecteside selected from amitraz. Mitochondrial complex III (METI-mitochondrial electron transport Inhibitors) Inhibitors insecteside selected from hydramethylnon, acequinocyl, fluacrypyrim, bifenazate, flometoquin. Mitochondrial complex I (METI) inhibitors insecteside selected from fenazaquin, fenpyroximate, pyrimidifen, pyridaben, tebufenpyrad, tolfenpyrad, flufenerim, rotenone, fluacrypyrim, pyriminostrobin. Voltage-dependent sodium channel blockers insecteside selected from oxadiazines-indoxacarb, semicarbazones- metaflumizone. The lipid synthesis, inhibitors of acetyl CoA carboxylase insecteside selected from Tetronic and tetramic acid derivatives-spirodiclofen, spiromesifen, spirotetramat, spidoxamat or spiropidion. Mitochondrial complex IV (METI) inhibitors insecteside selected from phosphides and cyanides. Mitochondrial complex II (METI) inhibitors insecteside selected from beta ketonitrile derivative-cyenopyrafen, cyflumetofen, carboxanilides insecteside selected from pyflubumide, Diamides insecteside selected from chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, cyclaniliprole, tetraniliprole, tetrachlorantraniliprole, tyclopyrazoflor, cyhalodiamide, flubendiamide, fluchlordiniliprole. Chordotonal organ modulators-undefined target insecteside selected from flonicamid; Metadiamides insecteside selected from broflanilide, cyproflanilide. Isoxazolines insecteside selected from fluxametamide, Isocycloseram, afoxolaner, esafoxolaner, fluralaner, lotilaner, sarolaner. Baculoviruses insecteside selected from granuloviruses and nucleopolyhedrosis viruses. Calcium activated potassium channel (KCa2) modulators insecteside selected from acynonapyr.
Unknown or uncertain mode of action insecteside selected from azadirachtin, benzoximate, bromopropylate, benzpyrimoxan, chinomethionat, dicofol, pyridalyl, oxazosulfyl, dimpropyridaz, indazapyroxamet, acaricidal compounds-fluhexafon, cyetpyrafen, flupentiofenox, acyonapyr, trifluenfuronate; nematicidal compounds-cyclobutrifluram, fluazaindolizine, tioxazafen.
In a embodiment of the present invention, plant health additives from the class of Bio stimulants are humic acid (salts), fulvic acid (salts), amino acids (alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine, valine or mixture thereof), folic acid, protein hydrolysates, peptides, organic acid, acetyl thioproline, thiazolidine carboxylic acid, jasmonic acid, methyl jasmonate, chitosan, chitin, Probenazole, acibenzolar-s-methyl, seaweed extract (Ascophyllum nodosum), polyamines, silicic acid (salts)-orthosilicic acid (H4Si04), salicylic acid, lactic acid, phenyl lactic acid, fumaric acid, nitrobenzene, (Homo)brassinolide, forchlorfenuron, triacontanol, nitrophenolate (sodium para-nitrophenolate, ortho-nitrophenolate, sodium-5-nitroguaiacolate. Plant growth regulators are Auxins: Indole acetic acid, Indole butyric acid, alpha-naphthyl acetic acid; Cytokinins: kinetin, zeatin, 6-benzylaminopurine, 6-benzyladenine, dipheylurea, thidiazuron, anisiflupurin; Ethylene modulators: aviglycine, prohexadione, prohexadione calcium, trinexapac, trinexapac-ethyl, aminoethoxyvinylglycine (AVG); Gibberellins: gibberelline, gibberellic acid, GA3; Growth inhibitors: abscisic acid, chlorpropham, flumetralin, maleic hydrazide, mepiquat, mepiquat chloride, mepiquat pentaborate; Growth retardants: chlormequat, chlormequat chloride, paclobutrazol, uniconazole-P; Micronutrients are zinc (zinc sulphate heptahydrate, zinc sulphate mono hydrate, Zn-EDTA, zinc oxide, zinc lactate gluconate, zinc polyflavonoid), ferrous sulphate, Manganese sulphate, boron (borax-sodium tetraborate, boric acid (H3BO3), di-sodium octa borate tetra hydrate (Na2B8O13.4H2O), di-sodium tetra borate penta hydrate, anhydrous borax) or mixture thereof.
The present inventors believe that the combination of the present invention synergistic agrochemical Oil Dispersion (OD) composition comprising bioactive amount of (A) Prothioconazole; and (B) atleast one more of active ingredients selected from class of insecticides or fungicides or plant health additive or combination thereof surprisingly results in a synergistic action. The combination of the present invention allows for a broad spectrum of insect-pest and diseases control and has surprisingly improved plant vigour and yield. The broad spectrum of the present combination also provides a solution for preventing the development of resistance.
The synergistic agrochemical mixture has very advantageous curative, preventive and systemic pesticidal properties for protecting cultivated plants. As has been mentioned, said active ingredient composition can be used to inhibit or destroy the insect-pests and fungal and bacterial diseases that occur on plants or parts of plants of useful crops. The synergistic agrochemical composition of specific active ingredient has the special advantage of being highly active against insect pests and fungal and bacterial diseases that mostly occur on plant parts.
The synergistic agrochemical composition of the present invention is used to protect the crops and plants from insect pest and fungal and bacterial diseases. Examples of the crops on which the present compositions may be used include GMO (Genetically Modified Organism) and Non GMO traits, hybrids and conventional varieties of Cotton (Gossypium spp.), Paddy (Oryza sativa), Wheat (Triticum aestavum), Barley (Hordeum vulgare), Maize (Zea mays), Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), Oat (Avena sativa), Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum), Sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris), Soybean (Glycin max), Groundnut/Peanut (Arachis hypogaea), Sunflower (Helianthus annuus), Mustard (Brassica juncea), Rape seed (Brassica napus), Sesame (Sesamum indicum), Green gram (Vigna radiata), Black gram (Vigna mungo), Chickpea (Cicer aritinum), Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), Red gram (Cajanus cajan), French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), Indian bean (Lablab purpureus), Horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum), Field pea (Pisum sativum), Cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba), Lentils (Lens culinaris), Brinjal (Solanum melongena), Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata), Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis), Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus), Onion (Allium cepa L.), Tomato (Solanum lycopersicun), Potato (Solanum tuberosum), Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), Chilly (Capsicum annum), Bell pepper (Capsicum annum), Garlic (Allium sativum), Cucumber (Cucumis sativus), Muskmelons (Cucumis melo), Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), Bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia), Radish (Raphanus sativus), Carrot (Dacus carota subsp. sativus), Turnip (Brassica rapa rapa), Apple (Melus domestica), Banana (Musa spp.), Citrus groups (Citrus spp.), Grape (Vitis vinifera), Guava (Psidium guajava), Mango (Mangifera indica), Papaya (Carica papaya), Pineapple (Ananas comosus), Pomegranate (Punica granatum), Sapota (Manilkara zapota), Tea (Camellia sinensis), Coffea (Coffea Arabica), Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Ginger (Zingiber officinale), Cumin (Cuminum cyminum), Black Pepper (Piper nigrum), Mentha ( Mentha spp.), Rose (Rosa spp.), Jasmine (Jasminum spp.), Marigold ( Tagetes spp.), Common daisy (Bellis perennis), Dahlia (Dahlia hortnesis), Gerbera ( Gerbera jamesonii), Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus).
Crops are to be understood as also including those crops which have been rendered tolerant to herbicides or classes of herbicides (e.g. ALS-, GS-, EPSPS-, PPO-, ACCase- and HPPD-inhibitors) by conventional methods of breeding or by genetic engineering. An example of a crop that has been rendered tolerant to imidazolinones, e.g. imazamox, by conventional methods of breeding is Clearfield® summer rape (canola). Examples of crops that have been rendered tolerant to herbicides by genetic engineering methods include e.g. glyphosate- and glufosinate-resistant maize varieties commercially available under the trade names RoundupReady® and LibertyLink®.
Crops are also to be understood as being those which have been rendered resistant to harmful insects by genetic engineering methods, for example Bt maize (resistant to European corn borer), Bt cotton (resistant to cotton boll weevil) and also Bt potatoes (resistant to Colorado beetle). Examples of Bt maize are the Bt 176 maize hybrids of NK® (Syngenta Seeds). The Bt toxin is a protein that is formed naturally by Bacillus thuringiensis soil bacteria. Examples of toxins, or transgenic plants able to synthesise such toxins, are described in EP-A-451 878, EP-A-374 753, WO 93/07278, WO 95/34656, WO 03/052073 and EP-A-427 529. Examples of transgenic plants comprising one or more genes that code for an insecticidal resistance and express one or more toxins are KnockOut® (maize), Yield Gard® (maize), NuCOTIN33B® (cotton), Bollgard® (cotton), NewLeaf® (potatoes), NatureGard® and Protexcta®. Plant crops or seed material thereof can be both resistant to herbicides and, at the same time, resistant to insect feeding (“stacked” transgenic events). For example, seed can have the ability to express an insecticidal Cry3 protein while at the same time being tolerant to glyphosate.
Crops are also to be understood to include those which are obtained by conventional methods of breeding or genetic engineering and contain so-called output traits (e.g. improved storage stability, higher nutritional value and improved flavour).
Other useful plants include turf grass for example in golf-courses, lawns, parks and roadsides, or grown commercially for sod, and ornamental plants such as flowers or bushes.
The synergistic agrochemical Oil Dispersion (OD) composition comprising bioactive amount of (A) Prothioconazole; and (B) at least one more of active ingredients selected from class of insecticides or fungicides or plant health additive or combination is most suitable against wide range of insect-pests. The present invention will be used to control the following insects-pests. The major insects pests are belongs to the order Hemiptera, for example, rice leafhopper/green leaf hopper (GLH) Nephotettix nigropictus, rice brown plant hopper (BPH) Nilaparvata lugen, rice backed plant hopper (WBPH) Sogatella furcifera, Apple Mealy bug Phenococcus aceris, bean aphid Aphis fabae, black citrus aphid Toxoptera aurantii, citrus black scale Saissetia oleae, cabbage aphid Brevicoryne brassicae, Lipaphis erysimi, citrus red scale Aonidiella aurantii, yellow scale Aonidiella citrine, citrus mealybug Planococcus citri, corn leaf aphid Rhopalosiphum maidis, aphid Aphis gossypii, jassid Amrasca biguttula biguttla, mealy bug Planococcus spp. And Pseudococcus spp., cotton stainer Dysdercus suturellus, whitefly Bemisia tabaci, cowpea aphid Aphis crassivora, grain aphid Sitobion avenae, golden glow aphid Uroleucon spp., grape mealybug Pseudococcus maritimus, green peach aphid Myzus persicae, greenhouse whitefly Trialeurodes vaporariorum, papaya mealy bug Pracoccus marginatus, pea aphid Acyrthosiphon pisum, sugarcane mealybug Saccharicoccus sacchari, potato aphid Myzus persicae, potato leaf hopper Empoasca fabae, cotton whitefly Bemisia tabaci, tarnished plant bug Lygus lineolaris, wooly apple aphid Eriosoma lanigerum, mango hopper Amritodus atkinsoni, Idioscopus spp. ; order Lepidoptera, army worm Mythimna unipuncta, asiatic rice borer Chilo suppressalis, beet armyworm Spodoptera exigua, black cutworm Agrotis ipsilon, bollworm Helicoverpa armigera , cabbage looper Trichoplusia ni, codling moth Cydia pomonella, croton caterpillar Achea janata, diamond backmoth Plutella xylostella, cabbage worm Pieris rapae, pink bollworm Pectinophora gossypiella, sugarcane borer Diatraea saccharalis, sugarcane early shoot borer Chilo infuscatellus tobacco budworm Heliothis virescens, tomato fruitworm Helicoverpa zea, velvet bean caterpillar Anticarsia gemmatalis, yellow stem borer Scirpophaga incertulas, spotted bollworm Earias vittella, rice leaffolder Cnaphalocrocis medinalis, pink stem borer Sesamia spp., tobacco leafeating caterpillar Spodoptera litura; brinjal fruit and shoot borer Leucinodes orbonalis, bean pod borer Maruca vitrata, Maruca testulalis, armyworm Mythimna separata, cotton pinkbollworm Pectinophora gossypiella, citrus leafminer Phyllocnistis citrella, cabbage butterfly Pieris bras-sicae, diamond backmoth Plutella xylostella, paddy stem borer Scirpophaga excerptallis, Scirpophaga incertulas, Scirpophaga innotata, wheat stem borer Sesamia inferens, Sitotroga cerealella, Spilosoma obliqua, fall armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera littoralis, Spodoptera litura, Trichoplusia ni, Tryporyza nivella, Tryporyza incertulas, Tuta absoluta.
from the order Coleoptera, for example, apple twig borer Amphicerus spp., corn root worm Diabrotica virgifera, cucumber beetle diabrotica balteata, boll weevil Anthonomus grandis, grape flea beetle Altica chalybea, grape root worm Fidia viticola, grape trunk borer Clytoleptus albofasciatus, radish flea beetle Phyllotreta armoraciae, maize weevil Sitophilus zeamais, northern corn rootworm Diabrotica barberi, rice water weevil Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus, Anthonomus grandis, Bruchus lentis, Diabrotica semipunctata, Diabrotica virgifera, Dicladispa armigera, Epila-chna varivestis, various species of white grubs are Holotrichia bicolor, Holotrichia consanguinea, Holotrichia serrata, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Phyllotreta chrysocephala, Popillia japonica etc; from the order Orthoptera, for example, Gryllotalpa spp., Locusta spp., and Schistocerca is spp.; from the order Thysanoptera, for example, Thrips- Frankliniella spp., Thrips palmi, Thrips tabaci and Scirtothrips dorsalis; termites (Isoptera), e.g. Calotermes flavicollis, Coptotermes formosanus, Heterotermes aureus, Leucotermes flavipes, Microtermes obesi, Odontotermes obesus, Reticulitermes flavipes, Termes natalensis; from the order Heteroptera, for example, Dysdercus spp., Leptocorisa spp., from the order Hymenoptera, for example, Solenopsis spp. ; from the order Diptera, for example, Antherigona soccata, Dacus spp., Liriomyza spp., Melanagromyza spp., from the order Acarina, for example, Aceria mangiferae, Brevipalpus spp., Eriophyes spp., Oligonychus mangiferus, Oligonychus punicae, Panonychus citri, Panonychus ulmi, Polyphagotarsonemus latus, Tarsonemus spp., Tetranychus urticae, Tetranychus cinnabarinus.
The mixtures according to the invention can be applied to any and all developmental stages of pests, such as egg, larva, pupa, and adult. The pests may be controlled by contacting the target pest, its food supply, habitat, breeding ground or its locus with a pesticidally effective amount of the inventive mixtures or of compositions comprising the mixtures.
The compositions according to the invention have very good fungicidal properties and can be employed for controlling phytopathogenic fungi such as Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes, Chytridiomycetes, Deuteromycetes, Oomycetes, Plasmodiophoromycetes, Zygomycetes, and the like.
Examples which may be mentioned, but not by limitation, are some pathogens of fungal diseases
Which come under the above generic terms:
Diseases caused by pathogens causing powdery mildew such as, for example, Blumeria species such as, for example, Blumeria graminis; Podosphaera species such as, for example, Podosphaera leucotricha; Oidium species such as, for example Oidium mangiferae, Sphaerotheca species such as, for example, Sphaerotheca fuliginea; Uncinula species such as, for example, Uncinula necator; Leveillula species such as, for example Leveillula taurica, Erysiphe species such as for example Erysiphe polygoni, diseases caused by pathogens of rust diseases such as, for example, Gymnosporangium species such as, for example, Gymnosporangium sabinae, Hemileia species such as, for example, Hemileia vastatrix; Phakopsora species such as, for example, Phakopsora pachyrhizi and Phakopsora meibomiae; Puccinia species such as, for example, Puccinia graminis, Puccinia recondita or Puccinia triticina, Puccinia striiformis; Uromyces species such as, for example, Uromyces phaseoli; diseases caused by pathogens of smut diseases such as, for example, Sporisorium species such as , for example, Sporisorium scitamineum; Ustilago species such as, for example Ustilago maydis, Tilletia species such as for example Tilletia tritici, Ustilaginoidea species such as , for example Ustilaginoidea virens, diseases caused by pathogens of ergot diseases such as, for example Claviceps species, Claviceps purpurea; diseases caused by pathogens from the group of the Oomycetes such as, for example, Bremia species such as, for example, Bremia lactucae; Peronospora species such as, for example, Peronospora pisi or P. brassicae; Phytophthora species such as, for example, Phytophthora infestans; Plasmopara species such as, for example, Plasmopara viticola; Pseudoperonospora species such as, for example, Pseudoperonospora humuli or Pseudoperonospora cubensis; Pythium species such as, for example, Pythium ultimum; leaf spot diseases and leaf wilt caused by, for example, Alternaria species such as, for example, Alternaria solani, Alternaria alternata, Alternaria porii; Cercospora species such as, for example, Cercospora arachidicola; Cladiosporum species such as, for example, Cladiosporium cucumerinum; Cochliobolus species such as, for example, Cochliobolus sativus (conidial form: Drechslera, syn: Helminthosporium); Colletotrichum species such as, for example, Colletotrichum capsici; Cycloconium species such as, for example, Cycloconium oleaginum; Diaporthe species such as, for example, Diaporthe citri; Elsinoe species such as, for example, Elsinoe fawcettii; Gloeosporium species such as, for example, Gloeosporium laeticolor; Glomerella species such as, for example, Glomerella cingulata; Guignardia species such as, for example, Guignardia bidwelli; Leptosphaeria species such as, for example, Leptosphaeria maculans; Magnaporthe species such as, for example, Magnaporthe grisea; Mycosphaerella species such as, for example, Mycosphaerella graminicola; Phaeosphaeria species such as, for example, Phaeosphaeria nodorum; Pyrenophora species such as, for example, Pyrenophora teres; Ramularia species such as, for example, Ramularia collo-cygni; Rhynchosporium species such as, for example, Rhynchosporium secalis; Septoria species such as, for example, Septoria apii; Typhula species such as, for example, Typhula incarnata; Venturia species such as, for example, Venturia inaequalis; root and stalk diseases, caused by, for example, Corticium species such as, for example, Corticium graminearum; Fusarium species such as, for example, Fusarium oxysporum; Gaeumannomyces species such as, for example, Gaeumannomyces graminis; Rhizoctonia species such as, for example, Rhizoctonia solani; Tapesia species such as, for example, Tapesia acuformis; Thielaviopsis species such as, for example, Thielaviopsis basicola; ear and panicle diseases (including maize cobs), caused by, for example, Alternaria species such as, for example, Alternaria spp.; Aspergillus species such as, for example, Aspergillus flavus; Cladosporium species such as, for example, Cladosporium spp.; Claviceps species such as, for example, Claviceps purpurea; Fusarium species such as, for example, Fusarium culmorum; Gibberella species such as, for example, Gibberella zeae; Monographella species such as, for example, Monographella nivalis; diseases caused by smuts such as, for example, Sphacelotheca species such as, for example, Sphacelotheca reiliana; Tilletia species such as, for example, Tilletia caries; Urocystis species such as, for example, Urocystis occulta; Ustilago species such as, for example, Ustilago nuda; Fruit rot caused by, for example, Aspergillus species such as, for example, Aspergillus flavus; Botrytis species such as, for example, Botrytis cinerea; Penicillium species such as, for example, Penicillium expansum; Sclerotinia species such as, for example, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum; Verticilium species such as, for example, Verticilium alboatrum; seed- and soil-borne rots and wilts, and seedling diseases, caused by, for example, Fusarium species such as, for example, Fusarium culmorum; Phytophthora species such as, for example, Phytophthora cactorum; Pythium species such as, for example, Pythium ultimum; Rhizoctonia species such as, for example, Rhizoctonia solani; Sclerotium species such as, for example, Sclerotium rolfsii; cankers, galls and witches' broom diseases, caused by, for example, Nectria species such as, for example, Nectria galligena; wilts caused by, for example, Monilinia species such as, for example, Monilinia laxa; deformations of leaves, flowers and fruits, caused by, for example, Taphrina species such as, for example, Taphrina deformans; degenerative diseases of woody species, caused by, for example, Esca species such as, for example, Phaemoniella clamydospora; flower and seed diseases, caused by, for example, Botrytis species such as, for example, Botrytis cinerea; diseases of plant tubers caused by, for example, Rhizoctonia species such as, for example, Rhizoctonia solani; diseases caused by bacterial pathogens such as, for example, Xanthomonas species such as, for example, Xanthomonas campestris pv. Oryzae; Pseudomonas species such as, for example, Pseudomonas syringae pv. Lachrymans; Erwinia species such as, for example, Erwinia amylovora.
The present OD (Oil Dispersion) formulation comprising bioactive amount of (A) Prothioconazole; and (B) atleast one more of active ingredients selected from class of an insecticides; or a fungicides; or a plant health additive; or combination thereof provides:
• Improve leaf penetration of spray droplets, retard evaporation loss and enhance the absorption of active ingredients
• Increase spreading properties on leaf surfaces, better wetting of waxy leaf surfaces
• Increase penetration of active ingredients into the insect cuticles and insects with waxy cuticles like mealybug and scale insects.
• Improve rain fast properties
• Increases the synergistic activities between active ingredients
• Improves the residual control i.e. enhance the duration of control of insect-pests and mites.
• With the novel OD formulation, we can reduce the doses of active ingredients and thereby minimizing the pesticidal load into the environment.
• Novel OD formulations are without aromatic solvent, so its safe to the applicator and reducing the loading of aromatic solvent into the environment.
• Due to High flash point (smoke points) of Pongamia (>220 Celcius), Palm oil (>240 C), Jojoba oil (>290 C), the novel recipe of OD formulations are more stable and safer for storage at elevated temperature.
• The novel recipe of OD formulations has thermal and chemical stability over a broad range of conditions.
• The novel recipe of OD formulations has better pourability, so it will minimize the wastage.
• The novel recipe of OD formulations are stable with wider pH range.
• With the innovative OD formulation, one can reduces the toxicity hazards to the applicators, i.e. improves the safety of applicators at the time of handling and spraying the pesticides.
Examples of super wetting-spreading-penetrating agent used herein for present OD (Oil Dispersion) formulation include but not limited to Polyalkyleneoxide modified Heptamethyl trisiloxane (Modified trisiloxane).
Polyalkyleneoxide modified heptamethyltrisiloxane: Polyalkyleneoxide modified heptamethyltrisiloxane can improve the penetration effect of pesticides and reduce the spray volume. It is used in the fields of pesticides, herbicides, insecticides, acaricides, fungicides, plant growth regulating agents, and other aspects. (Polyalkyleneoxide modified heptamethyltrisiloxane, a registered product of GE Silicones)

Molecular formula: (C2H4O)n•C11H30O3Si3
Examples of Carrier or solvents used herein for present Oil dispersion (OD) formulation include but not limited to Pongamia/karanja/karanj (Millettia pinnata/Pongamia pinnata/Pongamia glabra) oil alone; or Palm (Elaeis spp.) oil (Palm oil and palm kernel oil) alone; or Blend of Pongamia oil and palm oil; or Blend of Pongamia oil and Jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis); or Blend of Palm oil and Jojoba oil; or Blend of Pongamia oil and vegetable oil; or Blend of Palm oil and vegetable oil; or Blend of Pongamia oil, Palm oil and vegetable oil; the vegetable oil may be any one or mixture of two or more selected from soybean (Glycine max) oil, groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) oil, rapeseed (Brassica napus subspecies) oil, mustard (Brassica juncea) oil, sesame (Sesamum indicum) oil, Corn (Zea mays) oil, rice (Oryza sativa) bran oil, castor (Ricinum communis) seed oil, cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) seed oil, linseed (Linum usitatissimum), coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil, Kapok (Ceiba pentandra) oil, Papaya (Carica papaya) seed oil, Tea seed (Camellia oleifera) oil, sunflower (Helianthus annuus) oil, safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) seed oil, Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) oil, Olive (Olea europaea) oil, Jatropha (Jatropha curcas) oil, Garlic acid (Allium sativum), Ginger oil (Zingiber officinale), D-limonene, Citronella oil or Ceylon ironwood (Mesua ferrea) oil, Mahua (Madhuca longifolia) oil.
All the solvents or combination or blend thereof, used hereby for the present OD formulation may be present in their alkylated or ethoxylated or epoxylated or esterified form. Examples include methyl ester of karanj oil, methyl ester of palm oil, methyl ester of karanj oil and soybean oil, methyl ester of palm oil and corn oil, methyl ester of palm oil and rapeseed oil etc.
All the said oils used as a carrier or diluent are procured from the vendor.
Pongamia oil is derived from the seeds of the Millettia pinnata tree, which is native to tropical and temperate Asia. Millettia pinnata, also known as Pongamia pinnata or Pongamia glabra, is common throughout Asia and thus has many different names in different languages, many of which have come to be used in English to describe the seed oil derived from M. pinnata; Pongamia is often used as the generic name for the tree and is derived from the genus the tree was originally placed in. Other names for this oil include honge oil, kanuga oil, karanja oil, and pungai oil.
Pongamia oil is extracted from the seeds by expeller pressing, cold pressing, or solvent extraction. The oil is yellowish orange to brown in colour. It has a high content of triglycerides, and its disagreeable taste and odour are due to bitter flavonoid constituents including karanjin, pongamol, tannin and karanjachromene. The physical properties of crude pongamia oil are as flash point of the pongamia oil is 225°C.
Its fruits are used in abdominal remedies. Its seeds are used in tumor treatment. Oil is used for curing rheumatism. Leaves are used against Micrococcus. Their leaves juices are used for the treatment of diarrhea cold and cough. It has curative effect for leucoderma and itches. Its oil is used as a lubricant, water paint binder. Utilization of Seed Cake as a Manure for having the proper N, P & K content and ratio. As a material for biogas (Methane) production. As a Material for Producing Proteins for Food, Pharmaceutical and Industrial Applications by Chemical and Biochemical Technologies. Production of Soluble Fibers for Food Uses.
It is medium sized tree and is found throughout India. The tree is drought resistant. Major producing countries are East Indies, Philippines, and India. The oil content varies from 27- 39%.Its cake is used as pesticide and fertilizer. The deoiled cake when applied to soil, has pesticidal value, especially against nematodes and also helps in improving soil fertility. Karanja is often planted in home steads as a shade or ornamental tree and in avenue planting along roadside and canals. It is preferred species help in controlling soil erosion and binding sand dunes due to its dense network of lateral roots.
The persistence of karanj is greater than other tested botanical insecticides. The dosages at 1 and 2% of karanj oil give better control of insect pests compared with lower concentrations. Karanj oil and karanjin shows greater biological activity than other karanj extracts. The karanj oil shows good synergistic effect with a number of chemical insecticides. Therefore, karanj has great potential to be used as biopesticide because of its antifeedant; oviposition deterrent, ovicidal, roachicidal, juvenile hormone activity and insecticidal properties against a wide range of insect pests [Mukesh Kumar a & Ram Singh, Department of Entomology, Potential of Pongamia glabra Vent as an Insecticide of Plant Origin, CCS Haryana, Agricultural University, Hisar, 125 004, India, Published online: 24 Apr 2012].
Botanical pesticides are also very potent insecticides and due to their composition, they can help to fight the global problem of insects developing resistance to insecticides. Insecticides based on karanja oil shows efficiency against L. decemlineata larvae at different concentrations [ Katerina Kovarikova and Roman Pavela; United Forces of Botanical Oils: Efficacy of Neem and Karanja Oil against Colorado Potato Beetle under Laboratory Conditions; Plants 2019, 8, 608; doi:10.3390/plants8120608].
The karanja (Pongamia pinnata) seeds can be used as a potential source of oil and protein which can be used for the development of bioactive chemicals by some chemical modifications. These chemicals are biodegradable, environment friendly, and available in sufficient quantities as cheap raw material and can be effectively used for the development of eco-friendly lead molecules in pesticidal formulations for the management of fungal pathogens of agriculture as well as forests. [Neelu Singh and R. K. Verma Tropical Forest Research Institute, Jabalpur-482021, Madhya Pradesh, India]
Pongamia pinnata extract of leaves, barks, root and seeds possessed antifeedant activity and insecticides, anti-inflammatory activity, antiplasmodial properties. Simin et al., (2001) reported methanolic extracts of the seeds of Pongamia pinnata possessed antibacterial and phytotoxicity properties. Muruganandan et al., (2000) reported the extracts of Pongamia pinnata seeds were used for anti-inflammatory activity. Kurkure et al., (2001) studied Pongamia pinnata stem bark therapeutically as an antiseptic in skin diseases and for its wound healing properties. [Digamber R. More; Department of Botany, L.B.S. College, Dharmabad. Nanded. 431809 Maharashtra, India, Mirza M. Vaseem Baig; Department of Botany, Yeshwant Mahavidyalaya, Nanded. 431602 Maharashtra, India]
Palm oil is an edible vegetable oil derived from the mesocarp (reddish pulp) of the fruit of the oil palms, primarily the African oil palm Elaeis guineensis, and to a lesser extent from the American oil palm Elaeis oleifera and the maripa palm Attalea maripa.
The use of palm oil in food and beauty products has attracted the concern of environmental groups; the high oil yield of the trees has encouraged wider cultivation, leading to the clearing of forests in parts of Indonesia and Malaysia to make space for oil-palm monoculture. This has resulted in significant acreage losses of the natural habitat of the three surviving species of orangutan. One species in particular, the Sumatran orangutan, has been listed as critically endangered.
PME (Palm-based Methyl Esters) as carrier solvents appear to enhance pesticide efficacy, which may allow for a reduction in dosage or frequency of application, help to control adverse effects and reduce the cost spent on pesticides. Therefore, PME as a carrier solvent in pesticide formulations is a promising prospect for the agrochemical industry [ Sumaiyah Megat Nabil Mohsin; Ismail Ab Raman; Zafarizal Aldrin Azizul Hasan and Zainab Idris; Palm-based Methyl Esters as Carrier Solvents in Pesticide Formulations, Technical Report, January 2018, Page no. 32-38].
Jojoba oil is the liquid produced in the seed of the Simmondsia chinensis (jojoba) plant, a shrub, which is native to southern Arizona, southern California, and northwestern Mexico. The oil makes up approximately 50% of the jojoba seed by weight. The terms "jojoba oil" and "jojoba wax" are often used interchangeably because the wax visually appears to be a mobile oil, but as a wax it is composed almost entirely (~97%) of mono-esters of long-chain fatty acids and alcohols (wax ester), accompanied by only a tiny fraction of triglyceride esters. This composition accounts for its extreme shelf-life stability and extraordinary resistance to high temperatures, compared with true vegetable oils.
Jojoba oil shows an insecticidal activity. At lower as well has higher concentration jojoba oil has insecticidal properties and can be use plant protection management [Tahany, R. Abd El-Zaher; Biological Activity of Four Plant Oils in the Form of Nano Products on the Larvae of Cotton leaf worm; Middle East Journal of Applied Sciences; Volume : 07, Issue :02, April-June 2017, Pages: 239-249].
The term "vegetable oil" can be narrowly defined as referring only to substances that are liquid at room temperature, or broadly defined without regard to a substance's state (liquid or solid) at a given temperature. While a large majority of the entries in this list fit the narrower of these definitions, some do not qualify as vegetable oils according to all understandings of the term.
Vegetable oils are triglycerides extracted from plants. Some of these oils have been part of human culture for millennia. Edible vegetable oils are used in food, both in cooking and as supplements. Many oils, edible and otherwise, are burned as fuel, such as in oil lamps and as a substitute for petroleum-based fuels. Some of the many other uses include wood finishing, oil painting, and skin care.
Vegetable oils, or vegetable fats, are oils extracted from seeds or from other parts of fruits. Like animal fats, vegetable fats are mixtures of triglycerides. Soybean oil, grape seed oil, and cocoa butter are examples of fats from seeds. Olive oil, palm oil, and rice bran oil are examples of fats from other parts of fruits. In common usage, vegetable oil may refer exclusively to vegetable fats which are liquid at room temperature. Vegetable oils are usually edible; non-edible oils derived mainly from petroleum are termed mineral oils.
Most, but not all vegetable oils are extracted from the fruits or seeds of plants. For instance, palm oil is extracted from palm fruits, while soybean oil is extracted from soybean seeds. Vegetable oils may also be classified by grouping oils extracted from similar plants, such as "nut oils". Although most plants contain some oil, only the oil from certain major oil crops complemented by a few dozen minor oil crops is widely used and traded.
Oils from plants are used for several different purposes. Edible vegetable oils may be used for cooking, or as food additives. Many vegetable oils, edible and otherwise, are burned as fuel, for instance as a substitute for petroleum-based fuels. Some may be also used for cosmetics, medical purposes, wood finishing, oil painting, formulation ingredient in many pharmaceutical or agricultural formulations and other industrial purposes.
The vegetable Oil for preparing blend with karanj oil or palm oil or jojoba oil used herein as solvent or carrier for present Oil dispersion (OD) formulation include but not limited to any one or mixture of two or more selected from soybean (Glycine max) oil, groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) oil, rapeseed (Brassica napus subspecies) oil, mustard (Brassica juncea) oil, sesame (Sesamum indicum) oil, Corn (Zea mays) oil, rice (Oryza sativa) bran oil, castor (Ricinum communis) seed oil, cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) seed oil, linseed (Linum usitatissimum), coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil, Kapok (Ceiba pentandra) oil, Papaya (Carica papaya) seed oil, Tea seed (Camellia oleifera) oil, sunflower (Helianthus annuus) oil, safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) seed oil, Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) oil, Olive (Olea europaea) oil, Jatropha (Jatropha curcas) oil, Garlic acid (Allium sativum), Ginger oil (Zingiber officinale), D-limonene, Citronella oil or Ceylon ironwood (Mesua ferrea) oil, Mahua (Madhuca longifolia) oil.
Examples of cosolvents used herein for present Oil dispersion (OD) formulation include but not limited to cyclohexanone, acetophenone, NMP (N-methyl pyrrolidinone), dimethyl sulfoxide, benzyl alcohol, butanol, n-octanol, n-propanol, 2-ethyl hexanol, tetrahydro furfuryl alcohol, isophorone, fatty acid dimethyl amide, 2-hexylethyl lactate and propylene carbonate.
A dispersant or a dispersing agent is a substance which adsorbs onto the surface of particles and helps to preserve the state of dispersion of the particles and prevents them from re-aggregating. Examples of dispersing agent used herein for used herein for present OD (Oil Dispersion) formulation include but not limited to preparation of condensed naphthalene sulfonate, propoxylated Ethoxylated copolymer monoalkylether (ethylhexanol), alkyl sulfonates, alkyl benzene sulfonates, alkyl aryl sulfonates, alkylphenolalkoxylates, tristyrylphenol ethoxylates, natural or synthetic fatty ethoxylate alcohols, natural or synthetic fatty acid alkoxylates, natural or synthetic fatty alcohols alkoxylates, alkoxylated alcohols (such as n-butyl alcohol poly glycol ether), block copolymers (such as ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block copolymers and ethylene oxide-butylene oxide block copolymers), fatty acid-polyalkylene glycol condensates, polyamine-fatty acid condensates, polyester condensates, salts of polyolefin condensates, sodium ligno sulfonate, sodium ploycarboxylate, EO/PO based copolymer, phenol sulfonate, sodium methyl oleoyl taurate, styrene acrylic acid copolymer, propyleneoxide-ethyleneoxide-copolymer, polyethylene glycol 2,4,6-tristyrylphenyl ether, tristyrylphenol-polyglycolether-phosphate, tristyrylphenole with 16 moles EO, tristyrylphenol-polyglycolether-phosphate, oleyl-polyglycolether with ethylene oxide, tallow fattyamine polyethylene oxide, nonylphenol polyglycolether with 9-10 moles ethylene oxide.
Antifoaming agent for the present formulation is selected from various compounds and selectively used according to the formulation. Generally, there are two types of antifoam agents, namely silicones and non-silicones. Silicones are usually aqueous emulsions of dimethyl poly siloxane while the non-silicone anti-foam agents are water- insoluble oils, such as octanol and nonanol, or silica. In both cases, the function of the anti-foam agent is to displace the surfactant from the air-water interface.
Examples of Antifoaming agent used herein for the present Oil dispersion (OD) formulation include but not limited to silicone oil, silicone compound, C10~C20 saturated fat acid compounds or C8~C10 aliphatic alcohols compound, silicone antifoam emulsion, dimethyl siloxane, poly dimethyl siloxane, vegetable oil based antifoam, tallow based fatty acids, polyalkylene oxide modified polydimethylsiloxane.
Examples of Anti-freezing agent used herein for present Oil dispersion (OD) formulation include but not limited ethylene glycol, propane diols, glycerine or the urea, glycol (Monoethylene glycol, Diethylene glycol, Polypropylene glycol, Polyethylene glycol), glycerine, urea, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, sodium chloride.
Preservative used herein for the present Oil dispersion (OD) formulation include but not limited to 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3(2H)-one, sodium salt, sodium benzoate, 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol, formaldehyde, sodium o-phenylphenate, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one & 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, Butyl hydroxyl toluene.
Emulsifying agent used herein for the present Oil dispersion (OD) formulation includes but not limited to castor oil ethoxylates, alcohol ethoxylates, fatty acid ethoxylates, sorbitan ester ethoxylates, ethoxylated sorbitol oleates, sulphosuccinate, calcium salts of dodecylbenzene sulphonate, alkylammonium salts of alkylbenzene sulphonate, alkylsulphosuccinate salts, ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block copolymers, ethoxylated alkylamines, ethoxylated alkyl phenols, polyoxyethylenesorbitan monolaurate.
Stabilizers or stabilizing agent used herein for the present Oil dispersion (OD) formulation includes but not limited to hectorite clay, aluminum magnesium silicate, bentonite clay, silica, attapulgite clay.
Examples of Buffering agent used herein for the present Oil dispersion (OD) formulation include but not limited to Citric acid, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, acetic acid, sorbic acid.
While the foregoing written description of the invention enables one of ordinary skill to make and use what is considered presently to be the best mode thereof, those of ordinary skill will understand and appreciate the existence of variations, combinations, and equivalents of the specific embodiment, method, and examples herein. The invention should therefore not be limited by the above described embodiment, method, and examples, but by all embodiments and methods within the scope and spirit of the invention. The invention shall now be described with reference to the following specific examples. It should be noted that the example(s) appended below illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design many alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.
These and other aspects of the invention may become more apparent from the examples set forth herein below. These examples are provided merely as illustrations of the invention and are not intended to be construed as a limitation thereof.
EXAMPLE 1:
Novel OD formulation
Prothioconazole 15%+Difenoconazole 10% Novel OD (Recipe: PRDF 250)
Ingredients Percent
Prothioconazole a.i. 15.00
Difenoconazole a.i. 10.00
Dispersent Tristyrylphenol-polyglycolether-phosphate 6.00
Emulsifier Octylphenol ethoxylate 6.00
Stabilizer Bentonite clay 1.50
Antifoamer Polydimethyl siloxane 0.30
Preservative 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3(2H)-one 0.30
Antifreez Glycerine 6.00
Super wetting-spreading-penetrating agent Polyalkyleneoxide modified Heptamethyltrisiloxane 7.50
Carrier as solvent Methyl ester of Palm oil 47.40
Total 100.00
Active ingredients on the basis of 100% purity.
Storage stability- Prothioconazole 15%+Difenoconazole 10% Novel OD (Recipe: PRDF 250).
Laboratory storage for 14 days
Parameters Specification (in house) Initial At 54±2 0C At 0±2 0C
Prothioconazole a.i. (%) 14.25 to 15.75 15.20 15.10 15.20
Difenoconazole a.i. (%) 9.50 to 10.50 10.30 10.15 10.29
Prothioconazole suspensibility (%) 80 98.65 97.80 98.55
Difenoconazole suspensibility (%) 80 98.50 97.90 98.65
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.0 to 7.5 6.50 6.70 6.50
Pourability 95% min. 98.50 98.30 98.40
Specific gravity 1.00-1.10 1.05 1.05 1.05
Viscosity at spindle no. 62, 20 rpm 450-900 cps 750 770 755
Particle size (micron) D50<3, D90<10 2.5,8 2.7,8.7 2.6,8.6
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil 2 nil
Room temperature storage
Parameters Specification (in house) 1 month 6 months 12 months
Prothioconazole a.i. (%) 14.25 to 15.75 15.20 15.20 15.20
Difenoconazole a.i. (%) 9.50 to 10.50 10.30 10.30 10.29
Prothioconazole suspensibility (%) 80 98.65 97.80 98.55
Difenoconazole suspensibility (%) 80 98.50 97.90 98.65
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.0 to 7.5 6.50 6.60 6.65
Pourability 95% min. 98.50 98.30 98.40
Specific gravity 1.00-1.10 1.05 1.05 1.05
Viscosity at spindle no. 62, 20 rpm 450-900 cps 750 770 755
Particle size (micron) D50<3, D90<10 2.5,8 2.7,8.7 2.6,8.6
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil 2 nil

The novel OD formulation of Prothioconazole 15%+Difenoconazole 10% (Recipe: PRDF 250) meets the all inhouse specifications for storage stability studies in laboratory (at 54±2 C & At 0±2 C for 14 days) and room temperature (for 12 months).
Manufacturing process for 100 kg batch of Prothioconazole 15%+Difenoconazole 10% (Recipe: PRDF 250).
Step 1: 15% Bentonite clay Solution Preparation:
Add 15 kg of Bentonite clay in to 85 kg of Methyl ester of Palm oill and also and homogenized till it gets completely dissolved. It must be kept for 12-18 hour prior to use.
Step 2: OD Premix:
Charge 37.40 kg of Methyl ester of Palm oil into a designated vessel for OD production.
Now add 6.0 kg of Tristyrylphenol-polyglycolether-phosphate, 6.0 kg of Octylphenol ethoxylater, 6.0 kg of Glycerine, 0.3 kg of 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3(2H)-one and 0.15 kg of Polydimethyl siloxane homogenise the contents for 45 – 60 minutes using high shear homogeniser.
Add 15.0 kg of Prothioconazole technical and 10.0 kg of Difenoconazole technical into this premix and homogenized for 30-45 minutes.
Add remaining 0.15 kg of Silicon antifoam, 7.50 kg of Polyalkyleneoxide modified Heptamethyltrisiloxane and 10 kg of 15 % Bentonite solution after milling to avoid foaming
Step 3: Send this final formulation to QC for quality check.

Prothioconazole 15%+Difenoconazole 10% OD (conventional).

Ingredients Percent
Prothioconazole a.i. 15.00
Difenoconazole a.i. 10.00
Butyl Based Block Copolymer of EO/PO 6.00
Calcium salt of Alkyl Benzene Sulfonate 6.00
Precipitated silica 1.50
Polydimethyl siloxane 0.30
1,2-benzisothiazolin-3(2H)-one 0.30
Glycerine 6.00
Methyl ester of Palm oil 54.90
Total 100.00
Active ingredients on the basis of 100% purity.

Prothioconazole 15%+Difenoconazole 10% SC (conventional)
Ingredients Percent
Prothioconazole a.i. 15.00
Difenoconazole a.i. 10.00
1,2-propylene glycol 6.00
Sadium salt of a condensation product of phenolsulfonic acid, urea formaldehyde and phenol 2.00
Naphthalene sulfonic acid /formaldehyde, condensate sodium salt 2.00
Adduct of ethylene oxide to polypropylene glycol 2.00
Polydimehtylsiloxane +filler, emulsion in water 0.50
Xanthan gum 0.25
1,2-benzisothiazolin-3(2H)-one plus 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one in aq. Solution 0.25
Fully de-oinized water, solvent q.s.
Total 100.00
Active ingredients on the basis of 100% purity.
Prothioconazole 30%+Difenoconazole 20% WG (conventional)
Ingredients Percent
Prothioconazole a.i.(100%) 30.00
Difenoconazole a.i.(100%) 20.00
Sodium salt of a condensation product of phenolsulfonic acid, urea formaldehyde and phenol 6.00
Naphthalene sulfonic acid /formaldehyde, condensate sodium salt 3.00
Sodium Polycarboxylate 3.00
Polydimethylsiloxane 1.00
Corn Starch 10.00
China Clay 27.00
Total 100.00
Active ingredients on the basis of 100% purity.
EXAMPLE 2:
Novel OD formulation without wetting agent
Prothioconazole 12%+Pyraclostrobin 12% Novel OD (Recipe: PRTR 240)

Ingredients Percent
Prothioconazole a.i.(100%) 12.00
Pyraclostrobin a.i.(100%) 12.00
Dispersent Vinyl pyrrolidone copolymers 6.00
Emulsifier Fatty acid ethoxylates 6.00
Stabilizer Precipitated silica 1.50
Antifoamer Polydimethyl siloxane 0.30
Preservative 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3(2H)-one 0.30
Antifreez Glycerine 6.00
Super wetting-spreading-penetrating agent Polyalkyleneoxide modified Heptamethyltrisiloxane 8.50
Carrier as solvent Methyl ester of Karanj oil 47.40
Total 100.00
Active ingredients on the basis of 100% purity.

Storage stability- Prothioconazole 12%+Pyraclostrobin 12% OD (Recipe: PRTR 240)
Laboratory storage for 14 days
Parameters Specification (in house) Initial At 54±2 0C At 0±2 0C
Prothioconazole a.i. (%) 11.40 to 12.60 12.35 12.28 12.32
Pyraclostrobin a.i. (%) 11.40 to 12.60 12.25 12.15 12.25
Prothioconazole suspensibility (%) 80 98.65 97.85 98.55
Pyraclostrobin suspensibility (%) 80 98.50 97.95 98.65
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.0 to 7.5 6.45 6.60 6.50
Pourability 95% min. 98.50 98.35 98.40
Specific gravity 1.00-1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05
Viscosity at spindle no. 62, 20 rpm 350-800 cps 750 780 755
Particle size (micron) D50<3, D90<10 2.5,8 2.7,8.7 2.6,8.6
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil 2 nil
Room temperature storage
Parameters Specification (in house) 1 month 6 months 12 months
Prothioconazole a.i. (%) 11.40 to 12.60 12.35 12.35 12.32
Pyraclostrobin a.i. (%) 11.40 to 12.60 12.25 12.25 12.25
Prothioconazole suspensibility (%) 80 98.65 97.85 98.55
Pyraclostrobin suspensibility (%) 80 98.50 97.95 98.65
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.0 to 7.5 6.45 6.45 6.50
Pourability 95% min. 98.50 98.35 98.40
Specific gravity 1.00-1.05 1.05 1.05 1.05
Viscosity at spindle no. 62, 20 rpm 350-800 cps 750 750 755
Particle size (micron) D50<3, D90<10 2.5,8 2.5,8.1 2.6,8.6
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil 2 nil

The novel OD formulation of Prothioconazole 12%+Pyraclostrobin 12% (Recipe: PRTR 240) meets the all inhouse specifications for storage stability studies in laboratory (at 54±2 C & At 0±2 C for 14 days) and room temperature (for 12 months).
Manufacturing process for 100 kg batch of Prothioconazole 15%+Difenoconazole 10% (Recipe: PRDF 250).
Step 1: 15% Precipitated Silica Solution Preparation:
15% Precipitated Silica Solution Preparation: Add 15 kg of precipitated silica in to 85 kg of Methyl ester of Palm oill and also and homogenized till it gets completely dissolved. It must be kept for 12-18 hour prior to use.
Step 2: OD Premix:
Charge 37.40 kg of Methyl ester of Palm oil into a designated vessel for OD production.
Now add 6.0 kg of Vinyl pyrrolidone copolymers, 6.0 kg of Fatty acid ethoxylates, 6.0 kg of Glycerine, 0.3 kg of 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3(2H)-one and 0.15 kg of Polydimethyl siloxane homogenise the contents for 45 – 60 minutes using high shear homogeniser.
Add 12.0 kg of Prothioconazole technical and 12.0 kg of Pyraclostrobin technical into this premix and homogenized for 30-45 minutes.
Add remaining 0.15 kg of Silicon antifoam, 8.50 kg of Polyalkyleneoxide modified Heptamethyltrisiloxane and 10 kg of 15 % precipitated Silica solution after milling to avoid foaming.
Step 3: Send this final formulation to QC for quality check.

EXAMPLE 3:
Novel OD Recipe
Prothioconazole 12.5%+Triflumezopyrim 2%+Tolfenpyrad 10% Novel OD (Recipe:PTT-A)
Ingredients Percent
Prothioconazole a.i.(100%) 12.50
Triflumezopyrim a.i.(100%) 2.00
Tolfenpyrad a.i.(100%) 10.00
Dispersent Propoxylated Ethoxylated copolymer monoalkylether 3.00
Emulsifier Fatty acid ethoxylates 6.00
Stabilizer Bentonite clay 1.25
Antifoamer Polydimethyl siloxane 0.50
Preservative 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3(2H)-one 0.30
Antifreez Propane diols 6.00
Super wetting-spreading-penetrating agent Polyalkyleneoxide modified Heptamethyltrisiloxane 10.00
Carrier as solvent Methyl ester of blend of palm oil and karanj oil 48.45
Total 100.00
Active ingredients on the basis of 100% purity.
EXAMPLE 4:
Novel OD Recipe
Prothioconazole 12.5%+Triflumezopyrim 2%+Tolfenpyrad 10% Novel OD (Recipe: PTT-B)
Ingredients Percent
Prothioconazole a.i.(100%) 12.50
Triflumezopyrim a.i.(100%) 2.00
Tolfenpyrad a.i.(100%) 10.00
Tristyrylphenol ethoxylates, 6.00
Alkylsulphosuccinate salts, 3.00
Hectorite clay 1.25
Polydimethyl siloxane 0.30
1,2-benzisothiazolin-3(2H)-one 0.20
Polypropylene glycol 6.00
Polyalkyleneoxide modified Heptamethyltrisiloxane 7.50
Methyl ester of blend of palm oil and vegetable oil 51.25
Total 100.00
Active ingredients on the basis of 100% purity.
EXAMPLE 5:
Novel OD Recipe
Prothioconazole 12.5%+Triflumezopyrim 2%+Tolfenpyrad 10% Novel OD (Recipe: PTT-C)
Ingredients Percent
Prothioconazole a.i. 12.50
Triflumezopyrim a.i. 2.00
Tolfenpyrad a.i. 10.00
Propyleneoxide-ethyleneoxide-copolymer 3.50
Polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate 6.00
Aluminium magnesium silicate 1.25
Polydimethyl siloxane 0.50
1,2-benzisothiazolin-3(2H)-one 0.30
Glycerine 6.00
Polyalkyleneoxide modified Heptamethyltrisiloxane 5.00
Methyl ester of blend of karanj oil and vegetable oil 52.95
Total 100.00
Active ingredients on the basis of 100% purity.
Storage stability: The novel OD formulation of Prothioconazole 12.5%+Triflumezpyrim 2%+Tolfenpyrad 10%, i.e. Recipe: PTT-A, Recipe: PTT-B and Recipe: PTT-C meets the all inhouse specifications for storage stability studies in laboratory (at 54±2 C & at 0±2 C for 14 days) and room temperature (for 12 months).
For spreading properties study: Comparison-Novel OD vs Novel OD withouth super wetting-S-P agent vs conventional OD
EXAMPLE 6:
Novel OD formulation: Prothioconazole 11%+Trifloxystrobin 11%+Gibberellic acid 0.27% OD (Recipe: PTGA-1)
Ingredients Percent
Prothioconazole a.i.(100%) 11.00
Trifloxystrobin a.i.(100%) 11.00
Gibberellic acid(100%) 0.27
Dispersent Propoxylated Ethoxylated copolymer monoalkylether 3.00
Emulsifier Fatty acid ethoxylates 5.00
Stabilizer Bentonite clay 1.25
Antifoamer Polydimethyl siloxane 0.50
Preservative 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3(2H)-one 0.30
Antifreez Propane diols 6.00
Super wetting-spreading-penetrating agent Polyalkyleneoxide modified Heptamethyltrisiloxane 10.00
Carrier as solvent Methyl ester of Palm oil 51.68
Total 100.00

EXAMPLE 7:
OD formulation without super wetting-spreading-penetrating agent
Prothioconazole 11% + Trifloxystrobin 11%+Gibberellic acid 0.27% OD (Recipe: PTGA-2)
Ingredients Percent
Prothioconazole a.i.(100%) 11.00
Trifloxystrobin a.i.(100%) 11.00
Gibberellic acid(100%) 0.27
Tristyrylphenol ethoxylates, 6.00
Alkylsulphosuccinate salts, 3.00
Precipitated Silica 1.25
Polydimethyl siloxane 0.30
1,2-benzisothiazolin-3(2H)-one 0.20
Polypropylene glycol 6.00
Methyl ester of Palm oil 60.98
Total 100.00

Conventional OD formulation recipe:
Prothioconazole 11%+Trifloxystrobin 11%+Gibberellic acid 0.27% OD (Recipe: PTGA-3):

Ingredients Percent
Prothioconazole a.i. 11.00
Trifloxystrobin a.i. 11.00
Gibberellic acid 0.27
Tristyrylphenol-polyglycolether-phosphate 6.00
Octylphenol ethoxylate 6.00
Bentonite clay 1.50
Polydimethyl siloxane 0.30
1,2-benzisothiazolin-3(2H)-one 0.20
Glycerine 6.00
Methyl ester of Vegetable oil 57.73
Total 100.00

Biological Examples:
The synergistic pesticide action of the inventive mixtures can be demonstrated by the experiments below. A synergistic effect exists wherever the action of a combination (ready-mix) or tank mix of active ingredient is greater than the sum of the action of each of the components alone. Therefore, a synergistically effective amount or an effective amount of a synergistic composition or combination is an amount that exhibits greater pesticide activity than the sum of the pesticide activities of the individual components.
In the field of agriculture, it is often understood that the term “synergy” is as defined by Colby S.R. in an article entitled “ Calculation of the synergistic and antagonistic responses of herbicide combinations” published in the journal Weeds, 1967, 15, p.20-22, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The action expected for a given combination of two or three active components can be calculated as follows:

The objective of the present studies was to study the synergism between paclobutrazol, at least one triazole fungicide and at least one insecticide.
Experiment 1: Bio efficacy comparison of Novel OD (Oil dispersion) formulation vs conventional formulation against Flower rot diseases in Marigold.
Crop : Marigold (Tagetes erecta)
Target diseases : Flower rot caused by Alternaria dianthi.
Location : Umreth, Gujarat
Number of Treatments: 7
Method of application: foliar spray
Water volume : 500 liter per hectare
Observation Methods:
Flower rot disease: Incidence (%): Count the number of healthy and marketable flowers and diseases flower per plant. Record the observation from 50 plants per plot.

The observation on disease severity recorded visual by observing 100 flowers per plot (0 to 5 rating, 0=means no disease, 1=1 to 5% floral part affected by disease, 2=6 to 10% floral part affected by disease, 3=11 to 20% floral part affected, 4=21 to 50% floral part affected, 5=>50% floral part affected/damaged due to disease). Disease severity (PDI percent disease index) was calculated and disease control (%) or reduction over UTC plot were re-calculated. Observations recorded at before spray, 3, 7, 10 and 14th day after application.

Table 1: Treatment details
Sr.no. Treatment composition gram active per hectare
T1 Prothioconazole 15%+Difenoconazole 10% OD (Recipe: PRDF 250 OD novel) 75+50
T2 Prothioconazole 15%+Difenoconazole 10% OD (conventional) 75+50
T3 Prothioconazole 15%+Difenoconazole 10% SC (conventional) 75+50
T4 Prothioconazole 30%+Difenoconazole 20% WG (conventional) 75+50
T5 Prothioconazole 30% w/v (28.04% w/w) EC 75
T6 Difenoconazole 25% EC 50
T7 UTC (Untreated Check) 0

Table 2a: Flower rot disease incidence in Marigold
Sr. no. Flower rot disease incidence (%) Reduction (%) in disease incidence at 14 DAA, over T7 Number of Marketable flowers per plant Increase in marketable flowers over T7
Before spray 3 DAA 7 DAA 10 DAA 14 DAA
T1 2.33 2.33 2.67 3.00 3.33 83.1 21.9 336.9
T2 2.33 3.33 4.00 4.33 5.00 74.6 18.8 289.2
T3 2.67 3.67 4.33 4.67 5.33 72.9 17.6 270.8
T4 3.00 4.00 4.67 5.33 6.67 66.1 15.4 236.9
T5 2.67 3.67 5.00 6.33 9.67 50.8 13.8 212.3
T6 3.00 4.33 5.67 6.67 10.33 47.5 12.3 189.2
T7 2.33 5.00 7.33 11.00 19.67 0.0 6.5 0.0

Table 2b: Flower rot disease severity in Marigold
Sr. no. Flower rot disease severity (%) Reduction (%) in disease severity at 14 DAA, over T7
Before spray 3 DAA 7 DAA 10 DAA 14 DAA
T1 0.15 0.17 0.24 0.27 0.28 97.7
T2 0.17 0.20 0.27 0.41 1.12 90.6
T3 0.13 0.18 0.30 0.53 1.32 88.9
T4 0.18 0.22 0.31 0.64 1.82 84.7
T5 0.15 0.26 0.64 1.28 5.83 51.1
T6 0.17 0.28 0.72 1.74 6.23 47.8
T7 0.14 0.58 1.83 4.26 11.93 0.0

The field trial results shows that novel OD formulation (T1) provides excellent flower rot disease control in terms of disease incidence and severity up to 14 DAA (days after application) as compared to all known formulations (T2, T3, T4). The novel OD formulation (T1) produces highest number of marketable flowers.

Experiment 2: Effect of dose reduction in Novel OD formulation vs conventional formulation on bio efficacy against early blight diseases in tomato.
Crop : Tomato
Target disease : Early blight, Alternaria solani
Location : Durg, Chhattishgarh
Number of Treatments: 7
Method of application: foliar spray
Application time : as soon as disease appear in trial plot.
Water volume : 480 liter per hectare
Observation Methods: Early blight disease control (%): The disease severity was recorded from 20 plants per plot on 5, 10 and 15th DAA (days after application) by adopting disease rating scale. 0=no disease symptoms on leaf, 1=1 to 5% area infected and covered by spot, no spot on petiole and branches, 2=6 to 20% leaf area infected and covered by spot, some spots on petioles, branches, 3=21 to 40% leaf area infected and covered by spot, spots on petioles, branches, 4=41-70% leaf area infected and covered by spot, spots also seen on petiole, branches, stem and fruit, 5=>71% leaf area infected and covered by spot, spots also seen on petiole, branch, stem, fruits). The scale was converted into disease severity (Per cent Disease Index i.e. PDI) and disease control (%) or reduction over UTC plot were re-calculated. Observations recorded at 5, 10 and 15 DAA.
Table 3: Treatment details
sr.no. Treatment composition with use rate
T1 Prothioconazole 12%+Pyraclostrobin 12% OD (Recipe: PRTR 240), 750 ml/h (90+90 gai/h)
T2 Prothioconazole 12%+Pyraclostrobin 12% OD (Recipe: PRTR 240), 625 ml/h (75+75 gai/h)
T3 Prothioconazole 12%+Pyraclostrobin 12% OD (conventional), 750 ml/h (90+90 gai/h)
T4 Prothioconazole 12%+Pyraclostrobin 12% OD (conventional), 625 ml/h (75+75 gai/h)
T5 Prothioconazole 24%+Pyraclostrobin 24% WG (conventional), 375 ml/h (90+90 gai/h)
T6 Prothioconazole 24%+Pyraclostrobin 24% WG (conventional), 312.5 ml/h (75+75 gai/h)
T7 UTC (Untreated Check)

Table 4: Dose reduction effect on disease control, Novel OD vs conventional formulations.
sr.no. Early blight disease control (%) Treatment Number Reduction in disease control due to dose reduction
5 DAA 10 DAA 15 DAA 5 DAA 10 DAA 15 DAA
T1 98.4 96.8 92.8 T1-T2 0.6 3.0 6.4
T2 97.8 93.8 86.4 T3-T4 2.4 6.0 11.2
T3 97.2 92.4 83.6 T5-T6 6.4 13.8 13.4
T4 94.8 86.4 72.4
T5 94.8 89.6 78.2
T6 88.4 75.8 64.8
T7 0 0 0

The novel OD formulation provides consistent and higher efficacy as compared to conventional OD and SC formulation when field application rate reduced by 16.67% under field condition.
Experiment 3: Bio efficacy comparison of different recipes of Novel OD formulation.
Crop : Paddy (transplanted)
Target Insects : Paddy BPH (Brown Plant Hopper, Nilaparvata lugens)
Location : Kurud, Chhattishgarh
Number of Treatments: 24
Method of application: foliar spray
Application time : as soon as BPH appear in trial plot.
Water volume : 500 liter per hectare
Observation Methods:
BPH control (%): Count the number of live BPH per hill. Record the observations from 10 hills per plot at 5, 10 and 15 DAA (Days after application).

Table 5: Treatment details
sr.no. Treatment composition
T1 Prothioconazole 12.5%+Triflumezopyrim 2%+Tolfenpyrad 10% OD (Recipe:PTT-A), 1000 ml (125+20+100 gai/h)
T2 Prothioconazole 12.5%+Triflumezopyrim 2%+Tolfenpyrad 10% OD (Recipe:PTT-B), 1000 ml (125+20+100 gai/h)
T3 Prothioconazole 12.5%+Triflumezopyrim 2%+Tolfenpyrad 10% OD (Recipe:PTT-C), 1000 ml (125+20+100 gai/h)
T4 Prothioconazole 12.5%+Triflumezopyrim 2%+Tolfenpyrad 10% SC (conventional), 1000 ml (125+20+100 gai/h)
T6 Prothioconazole 30% EC. 125 gai/h
T7 Triflumezopyrim 10.6% w/v SC, 20 gai/h
T8 Tolfenpyrad 15% EC, 100 gai/h
T9 UTC (Untreated Check)
T1, T2 and T3-different Novel OD recipes, T4-conventional SC recipe.
Table 6: Bioefficacy comparison of different recipes of Novel OD formulation.
sr.no. BPH control (%) Increase in BPH control over T4 at 15 DAA
5 DAA 10 DAA 15 DAA
Observed Expected Colby's ratio Synergism (Y/N)
T1 99.8 95.57 1.04 Y 95.8 90.2 14.8
T2 98.6 84.19 1.17 Y 93.6 88.6 13.2
T3 99.2 84.19 1.18 Y 94.8 89.4 14.0
T4 96.0 84.19 1.14 Y 86.2 75.4
T6 8.2 4.6 2.4
T7 80.4 73.6 66.8
T8 75.4 66.2 51.2
T9 0.0 0.0 0.0

All novel OD formulation recipes of Prothioconazole +Triflumezopyrim+Tolfenpyrad provides excellent synergistic control of paddy BPH and also provides higher control as compared to conventional SC (T4).

Experiment 4: Bio efficacy of Novel OD formulation of Prothioconazole and fungicides.
Crop : Paddy (transplanted)
Target disease : Sheath blight, Rhizoctonia solani
Location : Kurud, Chhattishgarh
Number of Treatments: 15
Method of application: foliar spray
Application time : as soon as disease appear in trial plot.
Water volume : 500 liter per hectare
Observation Methods:
Sheath blight disease control (%): Observations was recorded on disease severity in each treatment at 10 days after spray. The observations of severity of sheath blight disease were recorded using 0-9 grade (SES,IRRI 1996). Twenty randomly selected hills were scored as per scale. The percent disease index (PDI) of plants was calculated by the following formula.
Sheath blight disease Grading (0-9 scale):
Grade Symptoms
0 No incidence
1 Less than 1% sheath area infected
3 1-5% sheath area infected
5 6-25% sheath area infected
7 26-50% sheath area infected
9 51-100% sheath area infected

Table 7: Treatment details
Sr. no. Treatment composition Use rate (gai/h) Sheath blight disease control
Observed Expected Colby's ratio Synergism (Y/N)
T1 Prothioconazole 12%+Thifluzamide 10% OD 90+75 91.2 86.06 1.06 Y
T2 Prothioconazole 12%+Bixafen 5% OD 90+37.5 93.8 87.19 1.08 Y
T3 Prothioconazole 12%+Fluindapyr 6% OD 90+45 95.8 88.45 1.08 Y
T4 Prothioconazole 12%+Flubeneteram 8% OD 90+60 91.6 86.06 1.06 Y
T5 Prothioconazole 12%+Isoflucypram 8% OD 90+60 94.4 87.96 1.07 Y
T6 Prothioconazole 12%+Pydiflumetofen 12% OD 90+90 92.8 86.34 1.07 Y
T7 Prothioconazole 30% EC 90 64.8
T9 Thifluzamide 24% SC 75 60.4
T10 Bixafen 20% SC 37.5 63.6
T11 Fluindapyr 25% SC 45 67.2
T12 Flubeneteram 25% SC 60 60.4
T13 Isoflucypram 20% SC 60 65.8
T14 Pydiflumetofen 20% SC 90 61.2
T15 UTC (Untreated Check) 0 0.00

All novel OD formulation of Prothiconazole and fungicides (T1 to T6) provides synergistic control of Sheath blight diseases of paddy.
Experiment 5: Synergistic control of Helminthosporium leaf spot in rice.
Crop : Paddy (transplanted)
Target disease : Leaf spot, Helminthosporium oryzae
Location : Dhamtari, Chhattishgarh
Number of Treatments: 24
Method of application : foliar spray
Application time : as soon as disease appear in trial plot.
Water volume : 500 liter per hectare
Observation Methods: Observations was recorded on 7th and 14th day after application by recording disease severity and PDI (%) and disease control was recalculated.
Table 8: Treatment details
Treatment Number Treatment compositions gram actives per hectare
T1 Prothioconazole 7%+Trifloxystrobin 7%+Thifluzamide 7% OD 70+70+70
T2 Prothioconazole 7%+Trifloxystrobin 7%+Bixafen 3% OD 70+70+30
T3 Prothioconazole 7%+Trifloxystrobin 7%+Fluindapyr 4% OD 70+70+40
T4 Prothioconazole 7%+Trifloxystrobin 7%+Penthiopyrad 7% OD 70+70+70
T5 Prothioconazole 7%+Trifloxystrobin 7%+Isoflucypram 5% OD 70+70+50
T6 Prothioconazole 7%+Trifloxystrobin 7%+Thifluzamide 7% SC 70+70+70
T7 Prothioconazole 7%+Trifloxystrobin 7%+Bixafen 3% SC 70+70+30
T8 Prothioconazole 7%+Trifloxystrobin 7%+Fluindapyr 4% SC 70+70+40
T9 Prothioconazole 7%+Trifloxystrobin 7%+Penthiopyrad 7% SC 70+70+70
T10 Prothioconazole 7%+Trifloxystrobin 7%+Isoflucypram 5% SC 70+70+50
T11 Prothioconazole 7%+Thifluzamide 7% SC 70+70
T12 Prothioconazole 7%+Bixafen 3% SC 70+30
T13 Prothioconazole 7%+Fluindapyr 4% SC 70+40
T14 Prothioconazole 7%+Penthiopyrad 7% SC 70+70
T15 Prothioconazole 7%+Isoflucypram 5% SC 70+50
T16 Prothioconazole 14%+Trifloxystrobin 14% SC 70+70
T17 Prothioconazole 30% EC 70
T18 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG 70
T19 Thifluzamide 24% SC 70
T20 Bixafen 20% SC 30
T21 Fluindapyr 25% SC 40
T22 Flubeneteram 25% SC 70
T23 Isoflucypram 20% SC 50
T24 Untreated Check (UTC) -
T1 to T5-Novel OD formulations, T6 to T16-conventional SC formulations.
Table 9: Helminthosporium leaf spot control in paddy/rice.
Treatment Number Helminthosporium Leaf spot control (%) at 7 DAA Helminthosporium Leaf spot control (%) at 14 DAA
observed Expected Colby's ratio Synergism (Y/N) observed Expected Colby's ratio Synergism (Y/N)
T1 100.0 94.6 1.06 Y 95.8 89.9 1.07 Y
T2 100.0 94.8 1.06 Y 94.8 90.1 1.05 Y
T3 99.2 95.1 1.04 Y 93.8 90.6 1.04 Y
T4 98.8 94.9 1.04 Y 94.6 89.8 1.05 Y
T5 97.6 95.2 1.03 Y 93.6 90.3 1.04 Y
T6 98.2 94.6 1.04 Y 88.4 89.9 0.98 N
T7 97.6 94.8 1.03 Y 87.6 90.1 0.97 N
T8 96.4 95.1 1.01 Y 85.6 90.6 0.94 N
T9 96.2 94.9 1.01 Y 87.2 89.8 0.97 N
T10 96.6 95.2 1.01 Y 86.4 90.3 0.96 N
T11 88.4 86.2 1.03 Y 74.6 79.4 0.94 N
T12 89.6 86.7 1.03 Y 73.8 79.7 0.93 N
T13 88.2 87.5 1.01 Y 75.6 80.7 0.94 N
T14 88.8 87.0 1.02 Y 73.2 79.1 0.93 N
T15 90.2 87.8 1.03 Y 74.8 80.1 0.93 N
T16 87.6 85.7 1.02 Y 72.6 78.2 0.93 N
T17 63.6 55.4
T18 60.8 51.2
T19 62.2 53.8
T20 63.4 54.4
T21 65.6 56.8
T22 64.2 53.2
T23 66.4 55.4
T24 0.0 0.0

All the novel OD formulations (T1 to T6) provides synergistic control of Helminthosporium leaf spot disease of paddy/rice.
Experiment 6: Synergistic control of Tikka leaf spot disease and Helicoverpa larvae in groundnut.
Crop : Groundnut
Target disease : Tikka Leaf spot, Cercospora personata
Location : Junagadh, Gujarat
Number of Treatments: 13
Method of application: foliar spray
Application time : as soon as disease appear in trial plot.
Water volume : 480 liter per hectare
Observation Methods: Tikka leaf spot disease severity was recorded on 10th day after application by adopting 0 to 5 rating scale and PDI (%) and disease control was recalculated.
Helicoverpa larval control (%): Count the number of live larvae per plant at 10th DAA. Record the observations from 10 plant per plot and calculate % larval control.
Pod count: Count the number of yields contributing pods per plant. Record the observations from 10 plants.
Table 10: Treatment details
Treatment Number Treatment compositions gram actives per hectare
T1 Prothioconazole 10.66%+Trifloxystrobin 10%+Chlorantraniliprole 4% OD 80+75+30
T2 Prothioconazole 8%+Trifloxystrobin 7.5%+Cyantraniliprole 6% OD 80+75+60
T3 Prothioconazole 10.66%+Trifloxystrobin 10%+Tetraniliprole 5.33% OD 80+75+40
T4 Prothioconazole 10.66%+Pyraclostrobin 9.33%+Chlorantraniliprole 4% OD 80+70+30
T5 Prothioconazole 8%+Pyraclostrobin 7%+Cyantraniliprole 6% OD 80+70+60
T6 Prothioconazole 10.66%+Pyraclostrobin 9.33%+Tetraniliprole 5.33% OD 80+70+40
T7 Prothioconazole 30% EC 80
T8 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG 75
T9 Pyraclostrobin 20% WG 70
T10 Chlorantraniliprole 20% w/v (18.5% w/w) SC 30
T11 Cyantraniliprole 10% w/v (10.26% w/w) OD 60
T12 Tetraniliprole 20% w/v (18.18% w/w) SC 40
T13 Untreated Check (UTC) -
T1 to T6- novel OD formulations.
Table 11: Synergistic control of groundnut tikka leaf spot disease and helicoverpa larvae.
Treatment Number Tikka leaf spot disease control (%) Helicoverpa larval control (%) Number of pods per plant Increase (%) in pods over T13
observed Expected Synergism (Y/N) observed Expected Synergism (Y/N)
T1 94.8 87.8 Y 93.2 92.4 Y 38.4 79.4
T2 95.2 87.8 Y 92.6 90.6 Y 37.8 76.6
T3 95.4 87.8 Y 89.8 88.8 Y 37.2 73.8
T4 93.6 87.6 Y 93.4 92.4 Y 36.8 72.0
T5 94.6 87.6 Y 91.6 90.6 Y 37.2 73.8
T6 94.0 87.6 Y 90.2 88.8 Y 37 72.9
T7 66.8 1.2 26.4 23.4
T8 63.4 0.8 27.2 27.1
T9 62.6 0.8 26.8 25.2
T10 0.0 92.2 28.4 32.7
T11 0.0 90.4 27.6 29.0
T12 0.0 88.6 27.2 27.1
T13 0.0 0.0 21.4 0.0

All the novel OD formulations (T1 to T6) provides synergistic control of groundnut tikka leaf spot disease and Helicoverpa larvae and also yielded higher number of pods.
Experiment 7: Synergistic control of paddy sheath blight and BPH.
Crop : Paddy (transplanted)
Target disease & Insects: Sheath blight, Rhizoctonia solani, Paddy BPH
Location : Dineshpur, Uttarakhand
Number of Treatments: 13
Method of application: foliar spray
Application time : as soon as disease appear in trial plot.
Water volume : 500 liter per hectare
Observation Methods: as given in example 3.
Table 12: Treatment details
Treatment Number Treatment compositions gram actives per hectare
T1 Prothioconazole 6%+Trifloxystrobin 6.4%+Pymetrozine 12% OD 75+80+150
T2 Prothioconazole 10%+Trifloxystrobin 10.66%+Triflumezopyrim 3.33% OD 75+80+25
T3 Prothioconazole 6%+Pyraclostrobin 6%+Pymetrozine 12% OD 75+75+150
T4 Prothioconazole 10%+Pyraclostrobin 10%+Triflumezopyrim 3.33% OD 75+75+25
T5 Prothioconazole 7.5%+Thifluzamide7.5%+Pymetrozine 15% OD 75+75+150
T6 Prothioconazole 10%+Thifluzamide 10%+Triflumezopyrim 3.33% OD 75+75+25
T7 Prothioconazole 30% EC 75
T8 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG 80
T9 Pyraclostrobin 20% WG 75
T10 Thifluzamide 24% SC 75
T11 Pymetrozine 50% WG 150
T12 Triflumezopyrim 10.6% w/v SC 25
T13 Untreated Check (UTC) -
T1 to T6-novel OD formulations.
Table 13: Synergistic control of paddy sheath blight and BPH.
Treatment Number Sheath blight disease control at 10 DAA BPH control (%) at 10 DAA Number of productive tillers per hill Increase (%) in effective tillers over T13
Observed Expected Synergism (Y/N) observed Expected Synergism (Y/N)
T1 94.2 88.4 Y 91.2 89.3 Y 36.8 55.9
T2 94.6 88.4 Y 93.4 91.9 Y 38.2 61.9
T3 93.8 87.0 Y 91.8 89.2 Y 36.4 54.2
T4 93.2 87.0 Y 94.2 91.8 Y 38.6 63.6
T5 95.6 88.0 Y 91.4 89.2 Y 36.2 53.4
T6 95.2 88.0 Y 93.8 91.8 Y 38.0 61.0
T7 63.4 4.2 28.2 19.5
T8 68.2 3.4 29.0 22.9
T9 64.6 3.2 29.4 24.6
T10 67.2 3.0 28.8 22.0
T11 0.0 88.4 32.4 37.3
T12 0.0 91.2 31.6 33.9
T13 0.0 0.0 23.6 0.0

All the novel OD formulations (T1 to T6) provides synergistic control of sheath blight disease, BPH and also produces higher number of effective tillers.
Experiment 8: Synergistic control of paddy sheath blight, BPH and stem borer.
Crop : Paddy (transplanted)
Target disease & Insects: Sheath blight, Rhizoctonia solani, Paddy BPH, Stem borer
Location : Dineshpur, Uttarakhand
Number of Treatments: 12
Method of application: foliar spray
Application time : as soon as disease appear in trial plot.
Water volume : 500 liter per hectare
Observation Methods: as given in example 3.
Table 14: Treatment details
Treatment Number Treatment compositions gram actives per hectare
T1 Prothioconazole 12.5%+Triflumezopyrim 2.5%+ Chlorantraniliprole 3% OD 125+25+30
T2 Prothioconazole 12.5%+Triflumezopyrim 2.5%+ Cyantraniliprole 6% OD 125+25+60
T3 Prothioconazole 12.5%+Triflumezopyrim 2.5%+ Tetraniliprole 4% OD 125+25+40
T4 Prothioconazole 12.5%+Triflumezopyrim 2.5%+ Chlorantraniliprole 3% SC 125+25+30
T5 Prothioconazole 12.5%+Triflumezopyrim 2.5%+ Cyantraniliprole 6% SC 125+25+60
T6 Prothioconazole 12.5%+Triflumezopyrim 2.5%+ Tetraniliprole 4% SC 125+25+40
T7 Prothioconazole 30% EC 125
T8 Triflumezopyrim 10.6% w/v SC 25
T9 Chlorantraniliprole 20% w/v (18.5% w/w) SC 30
T10 Cyantraniliprole 10% w/v (10.26% w/w) OD 60
T11 Tetraniliprole 20% w/v (18.18% w/w) SC 40
T12 Untreated Check (UTC) -
T1 to T3-Novel OD formulations, T4 to T6-conventional SC formulations
Table 14: Control of Paddy sheath blight, BPH and stem borer.
Treatment Number Sheath blight control (%) BPH control (%) Stem borer control (%) No. of productive tillers per hill Increase (%) in productive tillers over T12
T1 88.6 84.7 89.2 40.2 86.1
T2 87.4 84.8 90.4 40.8 88.9
T3 88.2 84.7 88.4 39.2 81.5
T4 86.4 84.7 89.6 40.2 86.1
T5 87.2 84.8 91.0 41.2 90.7
T6 86.8 84.7 88.2 39.8 84.3
T7 84.2 3.2 0.0 24.8 14.8
T8 2.2 94.6 12.6 28.6 32.4
T9 1.2 10.2 86.4 30.2 39.8
T10 1.4 12.8 87.2 31.4 45.4
T11 1.0 11.2 85.4 29.4 36.1
T12 0.0 0.0 0.0 21.6 0.0

All the novel OD formulations (T1 to T3) provides synergistic control of sheath blight disease, BPH and stem borer and also produces higher number of productive tillers as compared to their conventional SC formulations (T4 to T6).
Experiment 9: Synergistic control of paddy sheath blight.
Crop : Paddy (transplanted)
Target disease & Insects: Sheath blight, Rhizoctonia solani
Location : Rajahmundry, Andhra Pradesh
Number of Treatments: 12
Method of application: foliar spray
Application time : as soon as disease appear in trial plot.
Water volume : 500 liter per hectare
Observation Methods: as given in example 3.
Table 15: Treatment details
Treatment Number Treatment compositions gram actives per hectare
T1 Prothioconazole 12%+Trifloxystrobin 8%+GA 0.267% OD 90+60+2
T2 Prothioconazole 12%+Azoxystrobin 12%+GA 0.267% OD 90+90+2
T3 Prothioconazole 10%+Pyraclostrobin 10%+GA 0.375% OD 80+80+3
T4 Prothioconazole 10%+Picoxystrobin 9%+GA 0.375% OD 80+72+3
T5 Prothioconazole 10%+Thifluzamide 9%+GA 0.375% OD 80+72+3
T6 Prothioconazole 12%+Trifloxystrobin 8% SC 90+60
T7 Prothioconazole 30% EC 90
T8 Prothioconazole 30% EC 80
T9 Trifloxystrobin 25% WG 60
T10 Azoxystrobin 25% SC 90
T11 Pyraclostrobin 20% WG 80
T12 Picoxystrobin 25% SC 72
T13 Thifluzamide 24% SC 72
T14 Gibberellic acid 40% WSG 2
T15 Gibberellic acid 40% WSG 3
T16 Untreated Check (UTC) -
GA-Gibberellic acid, T1 to T5- novel OD formulations, T6-conventional SC formulation.

Table 16: Synergistic control of paddy sheath blight.
Treatment Number Sheath blight control (%) No. of productive tillers per hill Increase (%) in productive tillers over T16
T1 90.2 40.2 105.1
T2 94.6 41.6 112.2
T3 91.2 40.8 108.2
T4 92.6 40.4 106.1
T5 95.6 41.8 113.3
T6 90.4 37.4 90.8
T7 69.2 28.6 45.9
T8 66.4 26.8 36.7
T9 60.6 25.4 29.6
T10 62.8 26.6 35.7
T11 64.6 27.2 38.8
T12 65.4 26.8 36.7
T13 70.2 27.4 39.8
T14 2.4 24.0 22.4
T15 3.2 25.4 29.6
T16 0.0 19.6 0.0

All the novel OD formulations (T1 to T5) provides synergistic control of sheath blight disease and produces higher number of productive tillers.
Experiment 10: Spreading properties study.
Method: Spreading properties test conducted by preparing 1% solution (1 ml formulation in 100 ml water). Drop the solution on leaf surface (Cauliflower leaf) and measure the spreading diameter (mm) after 30 seconds. Spreading diameter measured by graph paper.
Compositions Room temperature storage
1 month 6 months 12 months
(Spreading diameter in millimeter)
Prothioconazole 11%+Trifloxystrobin 11%+Gibberellic acid 0.27% Novel OD (Recipe: PTGA-1) 23 22 19
Prothioconazole 11%+Trifloxystrobin 11%+Gibberellic acid 0.27% OD (Recipe: PTGA-2) without super wetting-spreading-penetrating agent 12 11 8
Prothioconazole 11%+Trifloxystrobin 11%+Gibberellic acid 0.27% OD (Recipe: PTGA-3) conventional 10 9 7
Prothioconazole 22%+Trifloxystrobin 22%+Gibberellic acid 0.54% WG (conventional) 5 3 3

The novel OD composition of Prothioconazole 11%+Trifloxystrobin 11%+Gibberellic acid 0.27% OD (Recipe: PTGA-1) shows excellent spreading properties as compared to Prothioconazole 11%+Trifloxystrobin 11%+Gibberellic acid 0.27% OD (Recipe: PTGA-2), Prothioconazole 11%+Trifloxystrobin 11%+Gibberellic acid 0.27% OD (Recipe: PTGA-3) and Prothioconazole 22%+Trifloxystrobin 22%+Gibberellic acid 0.54% WG (conventional). This will improve the bio efficacy under field condition, ensures quick control of target disease and also improves the rain fast properties during rainy days.

Overall field trials summery:
All the novel OD compositions provides synergistic and residual control of disease and insects and also produces higher yield.
,CLAIMS:We claim;

[CLAIM 1]. An Oil Dispersion agrochemical composition comprising:
a. Prothioconazole present in amount of 1% - 50% w/w;
b. an insecticides or a fungicide or a plant health additive or combination thereof present in amount of 0.001 to 70% w/w;
c. a super wetting-spreading-penetrating agent is polyalkylene oxide modified heptamethyl trisiloxane present in an amount of 1% to 20% w/w;
d. carrier solvent selected from pongamia oil, palm oil, jojoba oil or combination thereof or blend thereof with vegetable oil present in an amount of 10% to 80% w/w; and
e. one or more formulation excipients.

[CLAIM 2]. The Oil Dispersion agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein a combination of active ingredient for the said composition is selected from Prothioconazole and an Insecticide; or Prothioconazole and an Insecticide A and Insecticide B; Prothioconazole and a fungicide compound; or Prothioconazole and Fungicide A and Fungicide B; Prothioconazole and Plant Health Additive; Prothioconazole and an Insecticide and a Plant Health Additive; Prothioconazole and Fungicide and a Plant Health Additive; Prothioconazole and an Insecticide and a Fungicide.

[CLAIM 3]. The Oil Dispersion agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein a fungicide compound is selected from benalaxyl, benalaxyl-M (=kiralaxyl), furalaxyl, metalasxyl, metalaxyl-M (=mefenoxam)), butyrolactones (ofurace), oxazolidinones (oxadixyl), hydroxy-(2-amino-) pyrimidines; bupirimate, dimethirimol, ethirimol, heteroaromatics; octhilinone, isoxazoles-hymexazole; carboxylic acids, oxolinic acid; 5-fluorocytosine, 5- fluoro-2-(p-tolylmethoxy)pyrimidin-4-amine, 5-fluoro-2-(4-fluorophenylmethoxy) pyrimidin-4-amine; benomyl, carbendazim, fuberidazole, thiabendazole; thiophanate, thiophanate-methyl; diethofencarb; zoxamide; ethaboxam; pencycuron; pyridinylmethyl fluopicolide, flufenoxadiazam, fluopimomide; phenamacril; metrafenone; pyriofenone; diflumetorim; tolfenpyrad; fenazaquin; benodanil, flutolanil, mepronil; isofetamid; fluopyram; fenfuran; carboxin, oxycarboxin, thifluzamide; benzovindiflupyr, bixafen, fluindapyr, furametpyr, isopyrazam, penflufen, penthiopyrad, sedaxane, flubeneteram, pyrapropoyne, inpyrfluxam, isoflucypram, pydiflumetofen; boscalid, pyraziflumid; pyribencarb; fluoxastrobin; fenamidone; methoxy acetamide; mandestrobin; azoxystrobin, coumoxystrobin, enoxastrobin, flufenoxystrobin, picoxystrobin, pyraoxystrobin; pyraclostrobin, pyrametostrobin, triclopyricarb; famoxadone; oximino acetamides-dimoxystrobin, fenamistrobin, metominostrobin, orysastrobin; oximino acetates-kresoxim methyl, trifloxystrobin; cyazofamid; amisulbrom; fenpicoxamid, florylpicoxamid, metarylpicoxamid; metyltetraprole; binapacryl, meptyldinocap, dinocap, fluazinam, fentin acetate, fentin chloride, fentin hydroxide, silthiofam, ametoctradin, cyprodinil, mepanipyrim, pyrimethanil, blasticidin-S, kasugamycin, streptomycin, oxytetracycline, quinoxyfen, proquinazid, fenpiclonil, fludioxonil, chlozolinate, dimethachlone, iprodione, procymidone, vinclozolin; isoprothiolane, edifenphos, iprobenfos (IBP), pyrazophos, biphenyl, chloroneb, dicloran, quintozene, tecnazene, tolcofos methyl, etridiazole, iodocarb, propamocarb, prothiocarb, extract from Melaleuca arternifolia (tea tree), plant oils (mixtures); eugenol, geraniol, thymol, natamycin (pimaricin), oxathiapipronil, fluoxapipronil, Fluoxapiprolin-s, imazalil, oxpoconazole, pefurazoate, procloraz, triflumizole, triforine, pyrifenox, pyrisoxazole, fenarimo, naurimol, triazoles-azaconazole, bitertanol, bromuconazole, cyproconazole, difenoconazole, diniconazole, epoxiconazole, etaconazole, fenbuconazole, fluquinconazole, flusilazole, frutriafol, hexaconazole, imibenconazole, ipconazole, mefentrifluconazole, metconazole, myclobutanil, penconazole, propiconazole, simconazole, tebuconazole, tetraconazole, tiradimefon, tiradimenol, triticonazole, fluoxytioconazole, aldimoprh, dedomorph, tridemorph, fenpropimorph, fenpropidin, piperalin, spiroxamine, fenpyrazamine, fenhexamid, naftifine, terbinafine, pyributicarb, polyoxin, dimethomorph, flumorph, pyrimorph, mandipropamid, benthiavalicard, iprovalicarb, alifenalate, fthalide, pyrrolo quinolinone-pyroquilon, triazolobenzothiazole-tricyclazole, diclycymet, carpropamid, fenoxanil, tolprocarb, acibenzolar-S-methyl, probenazole, tiadinil, isotianil, laminarin, complex mixture thanol extract from Reynoutria sachalinensis (giant know weed), Bacillus mycoides isolate J, cell awall of Saccharomyces erevisiae strain LAS117, fosetyl-AL, phosphoric acid and salts; cymoxanil, teclofthalam, triazoxide, fluslfamide, diclomezine, cyflufenamid, dodine, flutianil, ferimzone, flumetylsulforim, tebufloquin, tetrazolyloximes-picarbutrazox, glucopyranosyl antibiotics-validamycin, copper (copper hydroxide, copper oxychloride, copper (II) sulphate, Bordeaux mixture, copper salicylate, cuprous oxide), ferbam, mancozeb, maneb, metiram, propineb, thiram, zinc thiazole, zineb, ziram, captan, captafol, folpet, chlorothalonil, dichlofluanid, tolylfluanid, guazatine, iminoctadine, anilazine, dithianon, chinomethionat / quinomethionate, maleimide-fluoroimide, methasulfocarb, extract from the cotyledons of lupine plantlets (“BLAD”), Phenols, Sesquiterpenes, Triterpenoids, Coumarins, Trichoderma atroviride strain SC1, Trichoderma atroviride strain I-1237, Trichoderma atroviride strain LU132, Trichoderma asperellum strain T34, Gliocladium catenulatum strain J1446 , Clonostachys rosea strain CR-7, Bacillus amyloliquefaciens strain QST713, strain FZB24, strain MBI600, strain D747, strain F727, Bacillus subtilis strain AFS032321, Pseudomonas chlororaphis strain AFS009, Streptomyces griseovirides strain K61, Streptomyces lydicus strain WYEC108, Polyoxin D zinc salt, Ipflufenoquin-quinoline fungicide, Pyridachlometyl-pyridazine fungicide, quinofumelin, dichlobentiazox, aminopyrifen, dipymetitrone, seboctylamine (bactericide), chloroinconazide (virucide).

[CLAIM 4]. The Oil Dispersion agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein an insecticide compound is selected from carbaryl, carbofuran, carbosulfan, methomyl, oxamyl, pirimicarb, thiodicarb; acephate, cadusafos, chlorpyrifos, chlorpyrifos-methyl, S-methyl, dimethoate, ethion, fenamiphos, fenitrothion, fenthion, fosthiazate, methamidophos, monocrotophos, methyl, parathion, parathion-methyl, phenthoate, phorate, phosalone, phosphamidon, profenofos, quinalphos, triazophos. ethiprole, fipronil, flufiprole, nicofluprole, pyrafluprole, pyriprole. bifenthrin, cyfluthrin, beta-cyfluthrin, cyhalothrin, lambda-cyhalothrin, gamma-cyhalothrin, cypermethrin, alpha-cypermethrin, beta-cypermethrin, theta-cypermethrin, zeta-cypermethrin, cyphenothrin, deltamethrin, fenpropathrin, fenvalerate, tau-fluvalinate, permethrin, phenothrin, prallethrin, profluthrin, pyrethrin (pyrethrum); acetamiprid, clothianidin, dinotefuran, imidacloprid, nitenpyram, thiacloprid, thiamethoxam, flupyrimin, cycloxaprid, paichongding, guadipyr, cycloxylidin; sulfoxaflor; flupyradifurone; triflumezopyrim, dichloromezotiaz, fenmezoditiaz; spinosad, Spinetoram, abamectin, emamectin benzoate, ivermectin, lepimectin; milbemectin; hydroprene, kinoprene, methoprene, fenoxycarb, pyriproxyfen; chloropicrin, dazomet, metam; pymetrozine, pyrifluquinazon; afidopyropen, flonicamid, clofentezine, hexythiazox, diflovidazin or etoxazole; Bacillus thuringiensis and insecticidal proteins they product; diafenthiuron, azocyclotin, cyhexatin, fenbutatin oxide, propargite, or tetradifon, chlorfenapyr, DNOC, or sulfluramid, bensultap, monosultap, cartap hydrochloride, thiocyclam, thiocyclam hydrogen oxalate, thiocyclam hydrochloride, thiosultap sodium, bistrifluron, chlorfluazuron, diflubenzuron, flucycloxuron, flufenoxuron, hexaflumuron, lufenuron, novaluron, noviflumuron, teflubenzuron, triflumuron, Buprofezin, Cyromazine, methoxyfenozide, tebufenozide, halofenozide, fufenozide or chromafenozide, amitraz, hydramethylnon, acequinocyl, fluacrypyrim, bifenazate, flometoquin, fenazaquin, fenpyroximate, pyrimidifen, pyridaben, tebufenpyrad, tolfenpyrad, flufenerim, rotenone, fluacrypyrim, pyriminostrobin, indoxacarb, metaflumizone, spirodiclofen, spiromesifen, spirotetramat, spidoxamat or spiropidion; phosphides and cyanides; cyenopyrafen, cyflumetofen, pyflubumide, chlorantraniliprole, cyantraniliprole, cyclaniliprole, tetraniliprole, tetrachlorantraniliprole, tyclopyrazoflor, cyhalodiamide, flubendiamide, fluchlordiniliprole, flonicamid; broflanilide, cyproflanilide; fluxametamide, Isocycloseram, afoxolaner, esafoxolaner, fluralaner, lotilaner, sarolaner. Baculoviruses insecteside selected from granuloviruses and nucleopolyhedrosis viruses, Acynonapyr; azadirachtin, benzoximate, bromopropylate, benzpyrimoxan, chinomethionat, dicofol, pyridalyl, oxazosulfyl, dimpropyridaz, indazapyroxamet, fluhexafon, cyetpyrafen, flupentiofenox, acyonapyr, trifluenfuronate; cyclobutrifluram, fluazaindolizine, tioxazafen.

[CLAIM 5]. The Oil Dispersion agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein a plant health additive compound is selected from humic acid (salts), fulvic acid (salts); amino acid selected from alanine, arginine, aspartic acid, cysteine, glutamic acid, glycine, histidine, isoleucine, leucine, lysine, methionine, phenylalanine, proline, serine, threonine, tryptophan, tyrosine, valine or mixture thereof; folic acid, protein hydrolysates, peptides, organic acid, acetyl thioproline, thiazolidine carboxylic acid, jasmonic acid, methyl jasmonate, chitosan, chitin, Probenazole, acibenzolar-s-methyl, seaweed extract (Ascophyllum nodosum), polyamines, silicic acid (salts)-orthosilicic acid (H4Si04), salicylic acid, lactic acid, phenyl lactic acid, fumaric acid, nitrobenzene, (Homo)brassinolide, forchlorfenuron, triacontanol, nitrophenolate (sodium para-nitrophenolate, ortho-nitrophenolate, sodium-5-nitroguaiacolate; Indole acetic acid, Indole butyric acid, alpha-naphthyl acetic acid; kinetin, zeatin, 6-benzylaminopurine, 6-benzyladenine, dipheylurea, thidiazuron, anisiflupurin; aviglycine, prohexadione, prohexadione calcium, trinexapac, trinexapac-ethyl, aminoethoxy vinylglycine (AVG); gibberelline, gibberellic acid, GA3; abscisic acid, chlorpropham, flumetralin, maleic hydrazide, mepiquat, mepiquat chloride, mepiquat pentaborate; chlormequat, chlormequat chloride, paclobutrazol, uniconazole-P; Micronutrients selected from zinc sulphate heptahydrate, zinc sulphate mono hydrate, Zn-EDTA, zinc oxide, zinc lactate gluconate, zinc polyflavonoid; ferrous sulphate, Manganese sulphate, boron compound selected from borax-sodium tetraborate, boric acid (H3BO3), di-sodium octa-borate tetra hydrate (Na2B8O13.4H2O), di-sodium tetra borate penta-hydrate, anhydrous borax or mixture thereof.

[CLAIM 6]. The synergistic Oil Dispersion agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein solvent is a carrier oil phase selected from pongamia oil; or palm oil; or pongamia oil and palm oil; or pongamia oil and jojoba oil; or palm oil and jojoba oil; or pongamia oil and vegetable oil; or palm oil and vegetable oil; or pongamia oil and palm oil and vegetable oil; and alkylated or ethoxylated or epoxylated or esterified forms thereof selected from methyl ester of karanj oil, methyl ester of palm oil, methyl ester of karanj oil and soybean oil, methyl ester of palm oil and castor oil, methyl ester of palm oil and rapeseed oil.

[CLAIM 7]. The synergistic Oil Dispersion agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein vegetable oil is selected from one or mixture of two or more selected from soybean (Glycine max) oil, groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) oil, rapeseed (Brassica napus subspecies) oil, mustard (Brassica juncea) oil, sesame (Sesamum indicum) oil, Corn (Zea mays) oil, rice (Oryza sativa) bran oil, castor (Ricinum communis) seed oil, cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) seed oil, linseed (Linum usitatissimum), coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil, Kapok (Ceiba pentandra) oil, Papaya (Carica papaya) seed oil, Tea seed (Camellia oleifera) oil, sunflower (Helianthus annuus) oil, safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) seed oil, Eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) oil, Olive (Olea europaea) oil, Jatropha (Jatropha curcas) oil, Garlic acid (Allium sativum), Ginger oil (Zingiber officinale), D-limonene, Citronella oil or Ceylon ironwood (Mesua ferrea) oil, Mahua (Madhuca longifolia) oil.

[CLAIM 8]. The synergistic Oil Dispersion agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein formulation excipients are selected from category of emulsifying agent present in amount of 2% - 12% w/w; dispersing agent present in amount of 1 % - 10% w/w; stabilizer present in amount of 0.1% - 4 % w/w; antifoaming agent present in amount of 0.01% - 2 % w/w; preservative present in amount of 0.1% - 4 % w/w; anti-freezing agent present in amount of 0.5% - 10 % w/w; optionally buffering agents present in amount of 0.1% - 4 % w/w.

[CLAIM 9]. The synergistic Oil Dispersion agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 8, wherein an emulsifying agent is selected from castor oil ethoxylates, alcohol ethoxylates, fatty acid ethoxylates, sorbitan ester ethoxylates, sulphosuccinate, calcium salts of dodecylbenzene sulphonate, alkylammonium salts of alkylbenzene sulphonate, alkylsulphosuccinate salts, ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block copolymers, ethoxylated alkylamines, ethoxylated alkyl phenols, polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate.

[CLAIM 10]. The synergistic Oil Dispersion agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 8, wherein dispersing agent is selected from preparation of condensed naphthalene sulfonate, Propoxylated Ethoxylated copolymer monoalkylether (ethylhexanol), alkyl sulfonates, alkyl benzene sulfonates, alkyl aryl sulfonates, alkylphenolalkoxylates, tristyrylphenol ethoxylates, natural or synthetic fatty ethoxylate alcohols, natural or synthetic fatty acid alkoxylates, natural or synthetic fatty alcohols alkoxylates, alkoxylated alcohols (such as n-butyl alcohol poly glycol ether), block copolymers (such as ethylene oxide-propylene oxide block copolymers and ethylene oxide-butylene oxide block copolymers), fatty acid-polyalkylene glycol condensates, polyamine-fatty acid condensates, polyester condensates, salts of polyolefin condensates, sodium ligno sulfonate, sodium ploycarboxylate, EO/PO based copolymer, phenol sulfonate, sodium methyl oleoyl taurate, acrylic copolymer blend, styrene acrylic acid copolymer, propyleneoxide-ethyleneoxide-copolymer, polyethylene glycol 2,4,6-tristyrylphenyl ether, tristyrylphenol-polyglycolether-phosphate, tristyrylphenole with 16 moles EO, tristyrylphenol-polyglycolether-phosphate, oleyl-polyglycolether with ethylene oxide, tallow fattyamine polyethylene oxide, nonylphenol polyglycolether with 9-10 moles ethylene oxide.

[CLAIM 11]. The synergistic Oil Dispersion agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 8, wherein stabilizer is selected from hectorite clay, aluminium magnesium silicate, bentonite clay, silica, silicon dioxide, attapulgite clay.

[CLAIM 12]. The synergistic Oil Dispersion agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 8, wherein antifoaming agent is selected from silicone oil, silicone compound, C10~C20 saturated fat acid compounds or C8~C10 aliphatic alcohols compound, silicone antifoam emulsion, dimethylsiloxane, polydimethyl siloxane.

[CLAIM 13]. The synergistic Oil Dispersion agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 8, wherein anti-freezing agent is selected from ethylene glycol, propane diols, glycerine or the urea, glycol (Monoethylene glycol, Diethylene glycol, Propylene glycol, Polypropylene glycol, Polyethylene glycol), glycerine, urea, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, sodium chloride.

[CLAIM 14]. The synergistic Oil Dispersion agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 8, wherein preservative is selected from 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3(2H)-one, sodium salt, sodium benzoate, 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol, formaldehyde, sodium o-phenylphenate, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one & 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, Butyl hydroxyl toluene.

[CLAIM 15]. The synergistic Oil Dispersion agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 8, wherein optionally buffering agent is selected Citric acid, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, acetic acid, sorbic acid.

Dated this 1st day of February 2023