The invention presents a novel concept and method to shield electrical & electronic equipments from electromagnetically induced over voltage "surge" and simultaneous filtering of "electromagnetic interferences" 'EMI' caused during the outburst of Electromagnetic Pulse (EMP). More particularly this invention relates to designing of apparatus and technology for protecting the terminal equipments from damages and interruptions caused by EMP events such as high altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP), intentional electromagnetic pulse (IEMP), lighting surge, Solar flares, and geomagnetic disturbances etc.,
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
A nuclear electromagnetic pulse (commonly abbreviated as nuclear EMP, pronounced /Lem.pi:/, or NEMP) is a characteristic burst of electromagnetic radiation created by nuclear explosions. The resulting rapidly changing electric and magnetic fields may couple with electrical and electronic systems to produce damaging current and voltage surges. The specific characteristics of any particular nuclear EMP event vary according to a number of factors, the most important of which is the altitude of the detonation.
The term "electromagnetic pulse" (EMP) generally excludes optical (infrared, visible, ultraviolet) and ionizing (such as X-ray and gamma radiation) ranges. In military terminology, a nuclear warhead detonated hundreds of kilometers above the earth's surface is known as a high-

altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP). Effects of HEMP depend on factors including the altitude of the detonation, energy yield, gamma ray output, interactions with the Earth's magnetic field and electromagnetic shielding of targets.
The EMP events may be caused by high altitude electromagnetic pulse, intentional nuclear explosions or natural events such as solar flare, lightning or geomagnetic storm etc.,
In recent times there are ongoing efforts by various countries across the globe to defend critical military and civilian systems against EMP and other nuclear weapons effects. Many military radio communications and other electronic systems have a requirement to survive the electromagnetic pulse (EMP) that would result from a EMP burst such as nuclear detonation at high altitude. Nuclear detonations even at high altitude are known to cause intense bursts of electromagnetic energy cast its effect (illuminate) very large areas of the earth's surface. Electronic equipment within the area illuminated by the EMP is susceptible to damage from the incident EMP wave front. In general, the susceptible equipment is coming within the sweep of electro-magnetically should be housed in shielded enclosures such as equipment shelters so that the functioning of the equipment is not affected.
Although such equipment may be electromagnetically shielded, energy sufficient to cause damage may get coupled into the enclosure. The primary mechanism by which energy from an EMP event may enter the

equipment is by way of conductive penetration to the wall of the enclosure through exterior cables. Typically these cables connect equipment at varying distances from the enclosure. The location on the shelter where the shield is penetrated is called point of entry (POE). EMP energy may enter the shielded room if not protected at POE itself as cables connecting the equipement may guide the energy right upto the enclosure and cause damage to the equipment.
Methods available to protect shielded equipment from EMP induced damage are generally referred to as protection of point of entry (POE). There are various kinds of POEs through which the damage can be caused in the event of an EMP. They are Architectural POE, Mechanical POE, Structural POE, Electrical POE etc. and the components used to protect or limit the EMP energy at POE.
The electrical and electronics POE comprises entry of 'Power Line' cables, 'Control Line" cables, Telephone Line' cables, 'Co-axial Line' cables, "Ethernet data' cables and 'Serial Port' cables etc., connected to the terminal equipments, the methods for protecting electrical POEs includes shielding of cables and the use of Terminal Protection Devices' (TPD's) or POE protection devices.
The shielding of the complete length of the cables for all kinds of electrical POE becomes a costly affair and may be it is not possible to shield the cables completely. Hence there is a need for some inventive concept,

method or device which protects all the terminal equipments at the point of entry (POE) for each of the specific applications of electrical, electronics, digital and telecommunication applications during any kind of event resulting in EMP outburst. PRIOR ART
1. US 5021734 describes about surge protection devices and more particularly to a surge protector and test fixture with triple current sensing and voltage pick off to test a large number of devices which are designed for EMP protection. The devices from different manufacturers are to be determined for activation characteristics both initial and long term. Prior to installation in a system, protective devices are pulse tested so that' marginal devices can be rejected. After installation, a device should be periodically pulse tested to determine if replacement is necessary. It basically comprises of a testing establishment for testing the EMP protective devices of various manufacturers.
2. US 6115227 describes about an apparatus and method for protecting hardware devices using a spiral inductor. The surge suppressor protects hardware devices from electric surges by isolating the radio frequency from an inner Conductor The surge suppressor includes a housing, an inner conductor, a surge blocking device, and a spiral inductor. The surge blocking device is inserted in series with the hardware devices for blocking the flow of electrical energy there through. The spiral

inductor is coupled to the surge blocking device and is shunted to ground for discharging the electrical surge.
3. Literature - A Publication on Coaxial Surge Protection:- The literature is about surge protection due to indirect phenomena such as lightning, surge protections (protections against transient over voltages) are efficient means of protection for the materials.CITEL-2CP, propose a complete range of systems adapted to the networks of low and very low voltage energy, the telephony, data transmissions and data processing networks. CITEL studies and develops also protection systems for high frequency coaxial links. In addition to standard products presented in this document, CITEL-2CP is able to develop coaxial protections for special requirements.
4. US 4021759 describes about electrical surge protection, and more particularly to a filter, utilizing MOV devices for protecting against electromagnetic pulses, at the input of a communication terminal. Two cylindrical sleeves of metal oxide varistor material (MOV) are used as capacitive elements of a low pass feed through pie-filter network. A metallic housing coaxially surrounds the MOV sleeves and provides electrical contact to ground. The inner surface of each sleeve electrically connected to an inductor whose leads are terminated by feed through connected on either side of the metal housing. At normal signal levels, the package acts as a normal feed through low pass pie-filter network. At

higher signal and transients, the bi-polar MOV components clamp the voltage to a given level determined by the MOV material grain structure and sleeve thickness. MOV devices have been used as voltage clamping devices. However, the inherent capacitance of these devices limits their utilization to relatively low frequencies that is up to approximately 1 MHz. Thus the utilization of these devices has not been recognized for high frequency overvoltage signals with which the above invention is concerned.
5. Literature - A validation of conventional protection devices in protecting EMP threats, the literature describes about, Agency for Defense Development, Daejeon, South Korea, have presented a study on the performance of complimentary ESD/Lightning protection devices being exposed to EMP. The study included protection devices such as GDT (Gas Discharge Tube), TVS (Transient Voltage suppressor), and Varistor. The EMP signal has a very fast rise time of 100 psec and the maximum peak voltage of 2 kV. The GDT could not protect the EMP signal. The varistor showed about 35% of protection ability, and the TVS showed about 50% of protection ability. Thus the GDT is not a proper device to protect EMP. However, all of the protection devices did not show their nonlinear property. As it is concluded in the publication the order of protection ability is varistor > TVS > GDT, and the protection devices do not perform their protection ability under unit of pico second of ultra-fast EMP signal. It means that the devices could not perform their normal

operation ability under pico second in ultra-fast EMP signal and are not suitable for the purpose of EMP protection. In this work, only positive pulse input was presented, and negative pulse was not presented. Since the protection devices are nonlinear elements, they do not show proportional PPR under the normal conditions.
6. The Literature is about the catalogues of the products being supplied by M/s Gemini Electronic Components a US Based company, They have products which can give Combined lightning / HEMP / NEMP / EMP protection of a DC or single or three phased AC power supply from 16A up to 32A , protection of 3-phased AC power supplies up to 1000A per phase, for fixed installations Surge protection for coaxial RF-cables, different types depending on frequency range, bandwidth, RF-power, DC-bypass etc. for a single wire of a low voltage signal line up to 0.5A for symmetric data lines or for single wires, depending on product type, for many kinds of data signals.
Drawbacks present in the prior art
There are many products of the literature /catalogue which are in similar lines with present invention, but upon scrutinizing them it is not difficult to understand that there are innumerable, substantial differences in range, material, and characteristics which are different and hence the proposed patent and the inventive methods standout unique as it is conceptualized to design devices for protecting all the electrical and electronic equipments

at the point of entry to the architecturally shielded rooms for a wide range applications and protect from all most all kinds of EMP events. Hence the devices are different from the literature and all the devices laboratory tested for functionality, utility and operating range.
One of the methods relates to electrical surge protection, and more particularly to a Protector, utilizing Metal Oxide Varistors (MOV) devices for protecting against electromagnetic pulses, at the input of a communication terminal. Yet another method includes protection devices such as Gas Discharge Tube (GDT). Yet another known method in the field utilizes Transient Voltage Suppressor (TVS) and Varistors etc for protection from EMP.
In all of these methods there are draw backs and limitations; The EMP signal has a very fast rise time of 20ns to 5ns (Nanoseconds) with a pulse width of 550ns and the maximum peak current of SKA. The MOV is useful for normal surge protection such as lightning etc., but has limitation of size to handle higher current handling and has lower response time when used for EMP protection. The GDT could not protect the EMP signal as it has longer recovery time. The varistor showed about 35% of protection ability but has capacitance effect which creates impedance mismatch for certain application, and the TVS showed about 50% of protection ability but are becoming costly for applications requiring higher current limiting. Thus

each device suffers from its own inherent draw back and limitations while protecting EM P.
It is evident that, the known protection devices do not perform to their protection ability to ultra-fast EMP signals. In the case of the GDT, the time to discharge electrodes is not satisfied in EMP signal. In the case of TVS, the response of carriers of the PN junction diode is slower than the rise time of EMP signal. In the case of varistor, the capacitance of the varistor absorbs and dissipates the over voltage signals. The higher capacitance of varistor can absorb high frequency signals. But the capacitances of the used varistors are too large in the case of EMP signal and as such the varistors absorb only 40% of the EMP signal.
It means that the devices could not perform to their normal operation ability under picoseconds in ultra-fast EMP signal and are not suitable for the purpose of EMP protection as it is. There are limitations while utilizing the known devices arising from linear and non linear properties, performance and capabilities to respond to repeated surges, and the size or the cost of the devices which is used for the EMP protection at the point of entry (POE).
Necessity of new method and apparatus for EMP Protection
Thus there is a need to develop a concept, device and method that shields all kinds of EMP events and simultaneously filters electromagnetic

interference (EMI) there by effectively giving protection to electrical and electronic and telecommunication equipments at the point of entry for main barrier shield, primary or secondary shielding purposes and EMI filtering for all kinds of applications at the point of entry (POE). In short, ideally it should be a concept and method for POE protection which can effectively shield EMP and filter EMI and yet have the ability to perform their normal operation under 100 picoseconds <>10 Nanoseconds) in ultra-fast EMP signals.
OBJECTS OF THIS INVENTION
The principal object of this invention is to provide a method, to shield
electrical & electronic equipments from electromagnetically induced over
voltage "surge" and simultaneous filtering of electromagnetic interference
'EMI' caused during the outburst of electromagnetic pulse (EMP).
Yet another object of this invention is to provide a method of EMP
protection for any kinds of EMP events, such as HEMP, IEMP, lightening,
surge, solar flare or geomagnetic impulse which may be accidental,
intentional or natural.
It is yet another object of this invention is to provide a method of EMP
protection for High altitude weapon burst resulting from either E1, E2 & E3
wave forms of HEMP events and system responses.
It is yet another object of the invention is to shield and filter all electrical,
electronics & telecommunication equipments at the point of entry which

includes power, communication, data, control signals carrying conductors from EM P.
It is yet another object of this invention to provide POE (point of entry) protection for equipments at main barrier shielded room, primary special shielded room or secondary special shielded room having mission critical equipments & applications. It is yet another object of this invention to provide a method and an apparatus that protects and shields power lines and terminal equipments from EMP.
It is yet another object of this invention to provide a method and an apparatus that protects and shields telephone lines and equipments from EMP.
It is yet another object of this invention to provide a method and an apparatus that protect and shield coaxial cable and application from EMP. It is yet another object of this invention to provide a method and an apparatus that protects and shields control lines and associated equipments from EMP. It is yet another object of this invention to provide a method and an
apparatus that protects and shields data (Ethernet) lines and connected
terminal equipments from EMP.
It is yet another object of this invention to provide a method and an
apparatus that protects and shields serial port lines and connected
terminal equipments from EMP.

It is yet another object of this invention to provide EMP protection methods and devices that meets the standards as specified in MIL-STD-188-125 standards
It is yet another object of this invention to provide EMP protection methods as specified in I EC 61000-4-24 standard specifications for Testing and measurement techniques for EMP conducted disturbance It is yet another object of this invention to provide EMP protection methods as specified in IEC 61000 SERIES standard specifications for Electromagnetic compatibility Installation and HEMP protection concepts.
STATEMENT OF INVENTION
The invention presents a novel concept to shield electrical & electronic equipments from electromagnetically induced over voltage "surge" and simultaneous filtering of electromagnetic interference 'EMI1 caused during the outburst of electromagnetic pulse.
The apparatus and method which is the subject matter of this invention for shielding electrical & electronic equipments from electromagnetically induced over voltage "surge" and simultaneous filtering of electromagnetic interferences 'EMI' caused during the outburst of electromagnetic pulse there by providing protection at the electrical point of entry for main barrier shielded room, primary shield or secondary shielding purposes comprising applications of electrical and electronic equipments operating on power line, data line, control line, coaxial, telephone line, serial port and like

comprising components for surge protection and electromagnetic impulse filtering respectively.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
The accompanying drawings describe the invention in greater detail
containing same reference numbers across figures to refer to like parts,
devices, equipments or components.
Figure 1 show a block diagram of this whole invention which is primarily
designed to protect electrical & electronic equipments at the point of entry
of the input cables from electromagnetically induced over voltage "surge"
and simultaneous filtering of electromagnetic interferences 'EMI' caused
during the outburst of Electromagnetic Pulse.
Figure 2A shows a block diagram of power line surge protector of the
present invention.
Figure 2B shows schematic block diagram power line surge protector of
the present invention.
Figure 3A shows a block diagram of DC control line protector of the
present invention.
Figure 3B shows schematic block diagram DC control line protector of the present invention.
Figure 4A shows a block diagram of telephone line protector of the present invention.

Figure 4B shows schematic block diagram of telephone line protector of
the present invention.
Figure 5A shows a block diagram of coaxial surge protector of the present
invention.
Figure 5B shows schematic block diagram of coaxial surge protector of the
present invention.
Figure 6A shows a block diagram of Ethernet data line (RJ45) surge
protector of the present invention.
Figure 6B shows schematic block diagram of Ethernet data line {RJ 45)
surge protector of the present invention.
Figure 7A shows a block diagram of Serial port (RS 422/485) surge
protector of the present invention.
Figure 7B shows schematic block diagram of Serial port (RS 422/485)
surge protector of the present invention.
DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION IN NUT SHELL
The term "electromagnetic pulse" (EMP) generally excludes optical (infrared, visible, ultraviolet) and ionizing (such as x-ray and gamma radiation) ranges.
In military terminology a nuclear warhead detonated hundreds of kilometers above the earth's surface is known as a high altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP). EMP events can be caused by High altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP), intentional nuclear explosions

(IEMP/NEMP) or because of natural events such as solar flare or geomagnetic storm or lighting etc., which can be termed as HEMP events. The electromagnetic pulse (EMP) that would result from a nuclear detonations at high altitude are known to cause intense bursts of electromagnetic energy which will illuminate very large areas of earth's surface, hence all electronic equipments within the area is susceptible to damage from incident wave front. The EMP wave form can be of any of the patterns such as E1, E2, or E3 range.
The electrical Point of Entry comprises of power line, control line, telephone line, Co-axial cables, Data (Ethernet - RJ 45) cables and Digital Signal cables carrying video signals (RS 422) and like. The POE protection devices are designed and customized to provide protection at main barrier of the shielded room, primary special POE protection purposes or secondary special POE protection. The intensity of the EMP varies at each of the said locations as at the main barrier of the shielded room the POE is from an unprotected environment, whereas at the primary special POE devices are affected by leaked and partial protected EMP waves which might find its way from architectural, structural, mechanical and other forms of POE whereas the effect of EMP is still reduced at the secondary POE protection which might be provided for all mission critical equipment.
The point of entry protective devices does two main functions, the primary function is to provide protective shield to the terminal equipments from

harmful over voltage and surges of EMP and secondary function is to filter the effect of subsequent electromagnetic interferences (EMI) and ensures that the connected electrical & electronic equipment functions satisfactorily without interruptions. The components of the POE devices which provides shield from overvoltage protection may consists any one of the components such as MOV, GDT, TVS & Varistor etc., or combination of them along with other filtering components in multiples of series parallel combination which eventually filters down the EMI. The mechanical design and the internal circuitry components of the POE protection devices depends on operating voltage, current, impedance and other characteristics of the terminal equipment and also according to nature of protection required namely main barrier, primary special or secondary special protection purposes. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In Fig 1 the blocks are serially numbered from 101 to 123. In general the susceptible equipment is contained in electromagnetic shielded enclosures called faraday's cage or equipment shelters such as main barrier 101, primary special POE 102 protection purposes or secondary special POE 103 protection respectively. Although such equipment may be electromagnetically shielded, energy sufficient to cause damage may be coupled into the enclosures. The primary mechanism by which energy from an EMP event may enter equipment is conductive penetration into

the wall of the enclosure 101 by exterior cables (104 to 109). Typically those cables connect equipment at varying distances from the enclosure. The electrical POE protection comprises of protection to power cables 104 which is connected to power line surge protector 110 is illustrated in Fig 2A & 2B which is designed to protect terminal equipments like power panels 118 from High voltage surges and subsequent electrical interferences caused due to EMP outburst. The control cables 105 carries DC or AC control signals to the control equipments by passing through Control line protector 111 illustrated in Fig 3A & 3B which is primarily designed to protect the control signal equipments 119 from the effect of high voltage surges and filter out subsequent electromagnetic interferences due to the occurrence of any of the EMP events. POE protection to telephone cable 106 is provided by telephone line protector 112 illustrated in Fig 4A & 4B which is in turn connected to communication equipments such as EPBX systems 120 etc.,. POE protection form high voltage surge and Electromagnetic Interference (EMI) to Co-axial cables 107 is provided by Co-axial surge protector 113 illustrated in Fig 5A & 5B, the coaxial cables carries signals to TV and other types of display units and mission critical equipments 123. POE protection from the surges and EMI of EMP outbursts to Data (Ethernet - RJ 45) cables 108 is provided by Data line protector 114 illustrated in Fig 6A & 6B, it provides protection to the connected equipments such as computers and other peripheral equipments such as modems 121 etc.,. The Digital Signaling cables (RS

422) 109 is protected from the EMP outbursts by Digital signal protector 115 illustrated in fig 7A & 7B and give protection to terminal equipments such as Digital Cameras, Video recorders or computers 122 etc.,. The POE protection devices are designed and customized to provide protection at main barrier 101 of the shielded room, primary special POE 102 protection purposes or secondary special POE 103 protection. The intensity of the EMP varies at each of the said locations as at the main barrier 101 of the shielded room the POE is from an unprotected environment, whereas at the primary special 102 POE devices are affected by leaked and partial protected EMP waves which might find its way from architectural, structural, mechanical and other forms of POE whereas the effect of EMP is still reduced at the secondary 103 POE protection which might be provided for all mission critical equipment 123.
EMP Power Line Surge Protector 110 is illustrated in Fig 2A & 2B, while 2A is the block diagram depicting various stages of the protection process and 2B is the block schematic diagram of the parts of the POE protection device. Power line surge protector is designed for EMP protection of power supply equipments. The device can be customized to operate either on DC or AC power source, in A/C model it can operate either on three phase or single phase power supply, the device has capability of carrying a current up to the range of 2500 A. The mechanical design as indicated in part 01 helps the feed through installation of EMP power line protector on

to the faraday cage or shielded rooms, which gives clear isolation of unprotected side or input side by providing threaded tube in the output side or protected side. The device comprises of combination surge or over voltage protection components along with stages of RLC circuitry components which are connected in series parallel combination for EMI filtering. The device ensures uniform suppression from a lower to the high frequency range.
The EMP pulse has a magnitude of few kA and a rise time and pulse width of 20/550 ns. Over voltage protective components part No 03 such as MOV, GDT etc., are used to initially limit the electromagnetic pulse (EMP) (primary suppression) by providing a short circuit to the ground in the event of overvoltage surge, further differential inductor part no. 04 is used for pulse shaping along with pulse shaping capacitor part no. 05 of very high voltage to slow down the steep rising pulse of 20/550 ns (Rise Time/Pulse Width). To ensure high insertion loss, multiple stages of feed through capacitor part no. 07 are used which effectively prevents radiation of the noise to the terminal equipment.
For secondary suppression, additional sets of over voltage protection part no.06 is provided to protect the system from EMP, in case of failure of the primary protection and an additional stage of Inductor part no.08 and part no. 07 capacitor combination circuit is used to slow down the pulse and also to give the required insertion loss in the lower frequency range.

EMP Telephone Line Protector is a POE device 111 is illustrated in Fig 3A & 3B designed for EMP protection and filtering unwanted noise of telephones. The device is customized to operate either on DC or AC power source, having capability of carrying a current up to the range of few hundred milliamps. The mechanical design part no. 01 helps the feed through installation of EMP telephone line protector on to the faraday cage or shielded rooms, which gives clear isolation of unprotected side or input side by providing threaded tube in the output side or protected side. The device comprises of combination of surge or over voltage protection components along with stages of RLC circuitry components which are connected in series parallel combination for EMI filtering. The device has the capacity to handle up to 100 Lines.
The over voltage protective components part no's 03,04 & 05 consisting of MOV, GDT etc., are used to initially limit (primary clamping) the EMP. Subsequent stages of clamping and smoothening is done to get the residue current/voltage at the output end as required by the terminal equipment, further differential inductor part no.06 is used along with capacitor pat no.07 of very high voltage to slow down the steep rising pulse of 20/550 ns (Rise Time/Pulse Width). To ensure high insertion loss, multiple stages of feed through capacitor part nos. 08 & 13 are used which effectively prevents radiation of the noise to the terminal equipment.

For secondary suppression. additional sets of over vo„age protection par,
Primary protection and an additional stage of inductor par, no. 11 and capacitor par, no, ,1 S 12 C0mbinatj0n ^ js ^ ^ ^ ^ ^
range.
another POE device for ,he EMP protection of Contro, Shipments The device is customs to operate ei,her on OC power source, having CaPabiHty °' Carr!"n9 a "- * <° «* -ge of few amps The meChaniCa' d6Si9n Part ™- 1 "« *• <*■ through instaiiation of EMP
which gives dear isoiation o, unprotected side or inpu, side by providing
of combination surge or over voltage protection components a,ong with mu„ip,e steges o, RLC circuitry components which are connected in series Paraiie, combination for EM, „„ering. The device has the capacity ,o be
Lines respectively.
The over voltage protective components consisting of MOV GDT *-. « illustrated in par, no's 03.04 & 05 of Fig 4A s 4B are used ,o *-y limi, (primary Camping, ,he EMP. Subsequent stages of clamping

and smoothing is done t0 get the residue ^^ ^ ^ ^ end as quired oy the terminal equipment. Further differentia| inductor
slow down the steep n'sing pulse of 20/550 rs (Rjse ^^ ^ ^
no. 08 S 13 are used which effective|y prevente radja(jon ^ ^ ^ ^
the terminal equipment.
For secondary suppression, addition, sets of over voitage protection is
'-**, par, no, 1, a 12 and capacitor paf, „, „ ^^ ^ ^ the lower frequency range.
Eq~ connected to coaxia, ,i„e (Broadband) having an impedance « 'he range of 50 Ohms. The mechanical design part no. 01 heips the 'eed through instaiiation of coaxia, EMP surge protector on to the faraday cage or shie,ded rooms etc. which gives dear isoiation of unprotected side

connectors part no. 05 on both sides and has the capability to handle continuous power up to 600 W. The over voltage protection components is designed in such a way that the operating frequency of the coaxial EMP surge protector is in the range from DC to few GHz. The over voltage protection component part no. 07 consists of MOV, GDT etc., is selected keeping in mind the break down voltage as per the power handling capabilities.
The overvoltage suppression component is selected after the simulation taking into consideration its inherent shunt capacitance which in turn determines the operating frequency range of the Coaxial EMP surge protector. The over voltage suppression component is placed between Line to Ground so that during an event of over voltage the component such as GDT or MOV forms a bypass path for the EMP to flow to the ground rather than flowing towards the end user component. The over voltage component is placed as close to the line so that the operating time can be reduced and the EMP is totally bypassed, for effective protection leadless components are used to reduce the response time and to remove ringing in the residual current.
Ethernet data (RJ 45) EMP Surge Protector 114 illustrated in Fig. No. 6A & 6B is yet another EMP protection device for high speed data Ethernet equipments operating on voltage in the range of +_ 3V DC signal voltage between pairs of wires and having the capability of operating on

predetermined voltages and current levels and high speed data transfer. The mechanical design part no. 01 helps the feed through installation of Ethernet RJ 45 EMP surge protector on to the faraday cage or shielded rooms etc. which gives clear isolation of unprotected side or input side by providing threaded tube in the output side or protected side. The shunt capacitance of the over voltage protection device and series inductance of the over current protection device are critical factor in high data transfer.
The over voltage protective components such as consisting of MOV, GDT etc. Part no 03, are used to initially limit (primary clamping) the EMP. To obtain required data speed a UMsl or Quad Transformer part no. 04 is used, which also gives the required isolation between the unprotected and protected side. Further to chop down the EMP another over voltage protection device having very fast response time, in the order of ns is used between a pair of lines. Further to limit the residual current as per MIL-STD-188-125 an over current protection component such as transient current suppressor part no. 06 is used to limit the current to the desired level. High-Speed Protectors are typically used in conjunction with low capacitance TVS devices part no. 05 to form an extremely low let-through energy barrier to excessive voltages and currents during surge events which may otherwise cause damage to unprotected high-speed, low voltage driver and receiver components

RS 422/485 EMP Surge Protector 115 illustrated in Fig No.s 7A & 7B is yet another EMP protection device for EMP protection of low speed series communication equipments, operating on voltage in the range of +_ 3V DC signal voltage between pairs of wires and having the capability of operating on predetermined voltages and current levels and low speed data transfer. The mechanical design part no. 01 helps the feed through installation of Ethernet RS 422/485 EMP surge protector on to the faraday cage or shielded rooms etc. which gives clear isolation of unprotected side or input side by providing threaded tube in the output side or protected side. The over voltage and over current protection components are designed in such a way that they do not interrupt the data transfer at the desired speed.
The EMP pulse has a magnitude of few kA and a rise time and
pulse width of 20/550 ns. The over voltage protective components such as
MOV, GDT etc., Part no 03 is used to initially limit (primary clamping) the
EMP. To obtain required data speed an LAN or Quad Transformer is used,
which also gives the required isolation between the unprotected and
protected side. Further to chop down the_ EMP.. another over voltage
protection device Part no.04 having very fast response time, in the order of
ns is used between a pair of lines. Further to limit the residual current as
per MIL-STD-188-125 an over current protection component such as
transient current suppressor Part no. 06 is used to limit the current to the
desired level. High-Speed Protectors are typically used in conjunction with

low capacitance TVS devices part no. 05 to form an extremely low let-through energy barrier to excessive voltages and currents during surge events which may cause damage to unprotected high-speed, low voltage driver and receiver components.
THE UNIQUE FEATURES THAT MAKE THIS SYSTEM AN INVENTION
1) The EMP protective devices provide complete protection of POE in EMP chambers from all kinds of EMP events
2) Offers an universal solution which is customizable,
3) Scalable and is tailor made to suit various applications and varied operating limits.
4) Fulfils the standards specified in MIL-STD-188-125 for its performance.
5) Meets the conditions specified under IEC 61000-4-24 standards for Electromagnetic compatibility.
6) The EMP protective devices provide attenuation from unwanted noises in the case of power line, control line and telephone line protectors.
7) General life of the devices is very high.
8) Multiple stages of over voltage protection ensure the safety of the terminal equipments at all times.
9) Multiple stages of filters nullify the electromagnetic interruptions.

10) The main carrier of power, data, voice and other forms of signal inputs to the terminal equipments are unaffected due to EMP or any kind of surges.
ADVANTAGES
1) The novel concept and the design of the device caters for composite protection for most of the EMP events and for all kinds of point of entry (POE) protection of mission critical electrical, electronics and telecommunication equipments and has the option to be utilized at any of the mission areas such as main barrier, primary special or secondary special application based on the field requirement, thus it offers an universal solution which is customizable, scalable and is tailor made to suit any applications and operating limits. All the protective devices described undergo Simulations and stringent testing are performed to determine the RF characteristics and insertion loss and surge protection etc., in certified labs and is being tested as per MIL-STD-188-125 for its performance.
2) MIL-STD-188-125 standard establishes minimum requirements and design objectives for high-altitude electromagnetic pulse (HEMP) hardening of fixed and transportable ground-based facilities which perform critical, time-urgent command, control, communications, computer, and intelligence (C41) functions.

3) The test results of all the devices also meet I EC 61000-4-24 as per European standards for Electromagnetic compatibility testing and measurement procedures recommended for protective devices for EMP.
4) Adequate care is taken while designing the devices to reduce the weight and also to prevent corrosion, by using combination of lightweight and corrosion resistive metals for the manufacturing of the POE protection devices.
5) All the POE devices are provided with IP 65 environmental protection standarads and are tested for fitness for outdoor and all whether applications.
While the present invention has been delineated by description of a
preferred embodiment and the preferred embodiment has been described
in considerable details with reference to the drawings, it is not
contemplated to confine or in any way restrict the scope of the appended
claims and their legal equivalence to such realization. Additional
applications and adaptations will readily appear to those skilled in the art.
The invention in its broader aspects is therefore not bound to the specific
details that are representative of apparatus and method, and illustrative
features shown and described herein. The inventions being thus
described, it will be obvious that the same may be varied in many ways.
Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the spirit and

scope of the inventions and all such modifications are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims. The above specification provides a description of the device and use of the disclosed compositions and methods. Since many embodiments can be made without departing from the spirit, utility, and scope of the substantive invention, the invention resides in the claims.