Description:FORM-2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
(39 of 1970)
&
THE PATENTS RULES, 2003
COMPLETE
SPECIFICATION
(See section 10 and rule 13)
TITLE OF INVENTION
A NOVEL LIQUID TOXIN BINDER FORMULATION FOR USE IN THE DRINKING WATER OF POULTRY
BIRDS
APPLICANT NAME AND ADDRESS
NEOSPARK DRUGS AND CHEMICALS PRIVATE LIMITED
NEOSPARK CORPORATE CENTRE, 241 BL BAGH, PANJAGUTTA, HYDERABAD-500082
THE FOLLOWING SPECIFICATION PARTICULARLY DESCRIBES THE INVENTION
AND THE MANNER IN WHICH IT IS TO BE PERFORMED
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Field of Invention:
The present invention relates to water-miscible liquid formulations containing "soluble
silicates, amphoteric polymer, and hepatic health potentiators" to address challenges related to
poor grain quality, leading to mycotoxicity and negative impacts on broiler health and performance.
The present invention also relates to the process for the preparation of the formulations.
Prior Art & Problem to be solved/ Background of the Invention:
In the poultry industry, challenges arising from poor grain quality often lead to mycotoxicity,
negatively impacting the health and performance of broilers. Mycotoxins present a significant threat
to poultry health and productivity when ingested through contaminated feed. The occurrence of
mycotoxins in poultry feed can be influenced by various factors, including climatic conditions,
storage practices, and agricultural methods. Symptoms of mycotoxicosis can emerge at any stage of
production due to these influencing factors.
Ran ju et al states that the mycotoxins aflatoxins, deoxynivalenol, zearalenone, fumonisins
and ochratoxin A impose nutritional and metabolic effects on food animals and summarizes
mitigation strategies to reduce the risk of mycotoxicity.
Chinaza GA et al discloses that synthesis of mycotoxin decontamination, control, and
detoxification strategies cut across pre-and post-harvest preventive measures. In particular, preharvest measures can include good agricultural practices, fertilization/irrigation, crop rotation, using
resistant varieties of crops, avoiding insect damage, early harvesting, maintaining adequate
humidity, and removing debris from the preceding harvests. On the other hand, post-harvest
measures can include processing, chemical, biological, and physical measures. Additionally,
chemical-based methods and other emerging strategies for mycotoxin detoxification can involve the
usage of chitosan, ozone, nanoparticles, and plant extracts.
Mycotoxins, produced by toxigenic fungi, are ubiquitous in nature. Feed containing cereals
and grains affected with mycotoxins are deleterious to the health and productivity of poultry.
Mycotoxins are immunosuppressive and are the hidden cause for the loss in animal husbandry.
During the feed manufacturing process, toxin binders, as feed additives, are incorporated to bind
and eliminate the toxins. Due to multiple factors and individual farm conditions, toxic challenges and
signs appear in birds. The time gap between identification of signs of mycotoxicity and response
taken through feed leads to considerable loss in productivity and mortality in birds. Hence, a liquid
toxin binder for administration through drinking water is a quick, convenient, and viable option.
Traditionally, "Toxin Binders" are added to feed during manufacturing as a preventive
measure against mycotoxin ingestion, and administering toxin binders through drinking water offers
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a convenient and effective solution to mitigate and control mycotoxicosis. In a recent study,
mycotoxins negatively impacted broiler growth, induced toxicity, and increased mortality rates.
Objects of the Invention:
In the poultry industry, challenges arising from poor grain quality often lead to mycotoxicity,
negatively impacting the health and performance of broilers. Mycotoxins present a significant threat
to poultry health and productivity when ingested through contaminated feed. The occurrence of
mycotoxins in poultry feed can be influenced by various factors, including climatic conditions,
storage practices, and agricultural methods. Symptoms of mycotoxicosis can emerge at any stage of
production due to these influencing factors.Traditionally, "Toxin Binders" are added to feed during
manufacturing as a preventive measure against mycotoxin ingestion, and administering toxin
binders through drinking water offers a convenient and effective solution to mitigate and control
mycotoxicosis. In a recent study, mycotoxins negatively impacted broiler growth, induced toxicity,
and increased mortality rates.
To address this issue, the present invention has found that the administration of liquid
formulations effectively mitigated the adverse effects of mycotoxins, showcasing its potential to
alleviate mycotoxicity and improve broiler performance in mycotoxicosis conditions. Trials
demonstrate that the present invention effectively mitigates mycotoxin-induced adverse effects,
showing potential for enhancing growth and overall performance in broilers exposed to mycotoxins
under field conditions. This innovation presents a promising solution to combat mycotoxicity and
improve the health and productivity of poultry birds. Such commitment underscores a dedication to
producing poultry products of the highest quality while prioritizing the well-being of both the
animals and consumers.
Anotherembodiment of invention provides an efficient and economic process for the
preparation of the said liquid formulations.
Summary of the Invention:
Accordingly, the exemplary embodiments of the invention provides a novel liquid
formulation comprising soluble silicates, amphoteric polymer, and hepatic health potentiators,
specifically designed to address challenges associated with poor grain quality in the poultry industry.
These challenges often result in mycotoxicity, causing detrimental effects on broiler health and
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performance. By incorporating key ingredients such as soluble silicates, amphoteric polymer, and
hepatic health potentiators, this innovative formulation aims to effectively combat mycotoxicity and
its adverse impacts on broilers. Through targeted intervention, this liquid formulation offers a
promising solution to enhance broiler health and performance in the face of mycotoxin-related
challenges, thus advancing the standards of poultry farming practices.
Another embodiment of invention provides an efficient and economic process for the
preparation of the said liquid formulations.
Brief Description of the Drawings/Figures:
Figure 1(a): Fig. 1(a) shows the image of infected liver at “Three-Weeks” of age without any
treatment; which shows “Swollen & Pale Liver”.
Figure 1(b): Fig. 1(b) shows the image of infected liver at “Three-Weeks” of age without any
treatment; which shows “Swollen & Pale Liver”.
Figure 1(c): Fig. 1(c) shows the image of infected liver at “Three-Weeks” of age without any
treatment; which shows “Swollen & Pale Liver”.
Figure 2(a): Fig. 2(a)shows the image of infected liver at “Five-Weeks” of age without any treatment;
which shows “Swollen & Pale Liver”.
Figure 2(b): Fig. 2(b) shows the image of liver at “Five-Weeks” of age after treatment with Group 2
solution; which shows “Normal Liver”.
Figure 2(c): Fig. 2(c) shows the image of liver at “Five-Weeks” of age after treatment with Group 3
solution; which shows “Normal Liver”.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention offers a new liquid formula designed to tackle issues caused by poor grain
quality in the poultry industry. This often leads to mycotoxicity, which harms broiler health and
performance. By including key ingredients like soluble silicates, amphoteric polymer, and hepatic
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health potentiators, this formula aims to effectively fight mycotoxicity in broilers. This liquid formula
provides a promising solution to improve broiler health and performance amidst mycotoxin
challenges. Additionally, the invention includes a process for preparing these liquid formulations.
The trial was conducted at a private broiler farm in Hyderabad to investigate the efficacy of a
liquid binder formulation comprising soluble silicates, amphoteric polymer, and hepatic health
potentiators on broiler performance under mycotoxic conditions. The evaluation included growth
performance parameters, mortality pattern, and postmortem lesions. The study involved two
treatment groups (Group-2 and Group-3) receiving the liquid binder at doses of 1 ml and 2 ml,
respectively, per 10Liters of drinking water, along with one negative control group receiving no
administration of the liquid binder. All groups received the same type of feed and management
practices. Results indicate that the liquid binder effectively reduced mycotoxin-induced adverse
effects and demonstrated potential for improved growth and overall performance in the field
incidence of mycotoxins.
Materials and Methods:
The experiment involved 3000 straight run broilers aged 21 days, randomly selected and exhibiting
signs of mycotoxicity. They were equally divided into three groups, each consisting of 1000 birds.
Group 1 served as the "negative control group," where no liquid treatment was administered. In
Group 2, the liquid formulation was administered through drinking water at a level of 1ml/10 Liters,
while in Group 3, it was administered at a level of 2ml/10 Liters for seven days from the 21st to the
27th day (this is right. Treatment is for 7 days). Growth performance, mortality pattern, and
postmortem lesions were recorded, with necropsy examinations conducted in consultation with a
Registered Veterinary Practitioner. Standard management practices, including vaccination, were
consistently applied. The data were statistically analyzed using One-Way ANOVA with the data
analysis tool SPSS version 15, 2017.
Housing and Management:
The broiler birds were reared in a deep litter system using sawdust as the litter material. Standard
vaccination protocols against 'Ranikhet' disease and 'Infectious Bursal Disease' were followed. The
feed regimen adhered to Cobb-430 Standards, incorporating essential feed additives, including a
toxin binder.
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Parameters Studied:
Growth performance parameters-body weight, feed efficiency, mortality and postmortem lesions in
liver were measured before and after treatment.
Example-1:
The present examples can be referred as “Group 2”
Ingredients
Soluble silicates 0.1-99.9 w/v
Amphoteric polymer 0.1-99.9 w/v
Hepatic health potentiators 0.1-99.9 w/v
Additional components 0.1-99.9 w/v
Example-2:
The present examples can be referred as “Group 3”
Ingredients
Soluble silicates 0.1-99.9 w/v
Amphoteric polymer 0.1-99.9 w/v
Hepatic health potentiators 0.1-99.9 w/v
Additional components 0.1-99.9 w/v
Table 1: Comparison of Groups at “Third week” – Before Administration of “The Liquid
Formulations”:
Tested Parameters
Group1
NegativeControl
Group2-@
1ml/10L
Group3-@2ml/10L
Bodyweight(gm) 755a 750a 758a
FCR 1.41a 1.42a 1.42a
Mortality% 2.81a 2.85a 2.92a
Lesionsinliver* ++++a ++++a ++++a
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Postmortemlesions
swollenandpale liver swollenandpale liver swollenandpaleliver
Table 2:Comparison of Groups at “Fifth week” – After Administration of “The Liquid
Formulations”:
Tested Parameters
Group1
NegativeControl
Group2-@
1ml/10L
Group3-@2ml/10L
Bodyweight(gm) 1650a 1920b 1980c
FCR 2.32a 1.59b 1.57b
Mortality% 8.13a 3.32b 3.09c
Lesionsinliver* +++++a +b +b
Postmortemlesions
swollen&paleliver liver-normal liver-normal
Means with differentsuperscriptsinarowdiffersignificantly, P<0.05
a & b indicates………….
++++a indicates………….
+++++a indicates………….
+b indicates………….
Means with different super scripts in a row differ significantly, P<0.05
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Results and Discussion:
Table 1 demonstrates that birds in all the three groups displayed similar pattern of weight, FCR,
mortality pattern and post-mortem liver lesions at 3rd week before administration of the liquid toxin
binder solution. The liver was swollen and pale in all the three groups at 3rd week.
Results as shown in Table 2 indicate that that the liquid toxin binder solution administered to groups
2 & 3 was effective in reducing the negative effects of mycotoxins, particularly aflatoxins in the liver.
The mortality rate decreased concurrently with a reduction in the severity of lesions in treatment
Groups 2 and 3. Conversely birds in Group 1 showed poor body weight and FCR. Mortality in Group 1
birds increased and liver was swollen and pale. The treatment Groups (Group1 & Group 2) also
showed improvement in body weight gain and FCR under mycotoxin challenge. Through the
administration of the liquid toxin binder formulation (Group 2 and Group 3), the “Swollen &Pale
Liver” completely improved into a “Normal Liver” [Figure 2(b) & Figure 2(c)].
Prior to treatment, the birds displayed inadequate growth, loose droppings, and unspecified
mortality. Post-mortem examination revealed hemorrhages in thigh muscles and erosion in gizzard
muscles, accompanied by swollen and pale liver. Following the administration of the liquid binder
solution, a gradual disappearance of clinical signs, improved feed intake, and favorable Feed
Conversion Ratios (FCR) were observed in Group 2 and Group 3. This aligns with Phillips, 1999,
where the protective effect of Hydrated Sodium Calcium Aluminosilicate (HSCAS) was attributed to
its rapid binding of aflatoxin in the chicken's gastrointestinal tract, preventing its absorption and
distribution to the liver. Additionally, Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), a highly polar amphoteric polymer
adsorbent, demonstrated the capacity to adsorb zearalenone in vitro, as noted by Alegakis et al. in
1999. The liquid binder solution of the present invention exerts its effect through the action of
soluble silicates and amphoteric polymers, inhibiting mycotoxin absorption and supporting overall
hepatic health. , Claims:We Claim:
1. A liquid water-miscible formulations for use in the drinking water of poultry birds
comprising:
a. A soluble silicates,
b. an amphoteric polymer, and
c. a hepatic health potentiators.
2. The liquid formulations as claimed in claim 1, comprises the soluble silicates in 0.1-84.9 %.
3. The liquid formulations as claimed in claim 2, comprises the soluble silicates in 5-90 %.
4. The liquid formulations as claimed in claim 1, comprises the amphoteric polymer in 0.1-86.9
%.
5. The liquid formulations as claimed in claim 4, comprises the amphoteric polymer in 5-70 %.
6. The liquid formulations as claimed in claim 1, comprises the hepatic health potentiators in
0.1-89.9 %.
7. The liquid formulations as claimed in claim 6, comprises the hepatic health potentiators in 5-
90 %.
8. The formulation claimed the claim 1 is useful to mitigate the mycotoxicity in the poultry birds