FIELD OF INVENTION
HISTORY
The directors of the company own extensive plantations and they are also known for innovative methods of farming. They owned cardamom estates in Pampadumpara. They were in search of natural manure of good quality for their cardamom plantations. They needed neem cakes in large quantities for their plantations. Since they were not able to find a good manure they decided to invent and produce a novel manure from neem fruits. This decision led to the formation of the company, Popsons Fertilizers Pvt. Ltd.in 1996.In the initial stages the company used to produce neem cakes by crushing the neem fruits with the help of oil extracting machine. Hence the oil was separated from the crushed neem. Therefore the quality of the manure was naturally low. This made the company invent a new machine for crushing the neem fruits in such a way that the oil was intact in it. This novel manure was named "POPNEEM".
The company used the novel organic manure in their own cardamom plantations as an experiment and found that there was an increase of 25% to 30 % in the yield. This made the company to market the product. This manure is now available in crushed form and powder form, which has proved to be a very effective manure of standard quality.
This invention in general relates to agriculture. In particular this invention relates to organic manure for spices like cardamom, pepper, clove and nutmeg, coffee, tea, rubber, coconut, rice and vegetables. More

particularly this invention relates to organic manure from neem fruits in powder form and crushed form, with its oil content intact in it.
This invention of producing a very useful manure from neem fruits as manure and the process of manufacturing it is a novel change in the field of agriculture as it is a very effective and cheap organic manure. Ecological imbalance is happening on account of the extensive usage of chemical fertilizers.
This novel invention of a very useful manure from neem fruits and the process of manufacturing it is a novel change in agriculture field. The manure used today are mostly chemical fertilizers which harm the plants.
This novel invention of organic manure is preferred and encouraged by agriculturists because of the following salient features.
1. It is easily absorbed by soil.
2. It helps in better retention of moisture.
3. It makes the soil more humid and a slow and steady absorption by plants take place.
4. This invention promotes the growth of earthworms making the soil porous, thereby helping the easy spreading of roots and increasing the air supply to the soil.

5. Chemical fertilizers cannot be absorbed easily by soil and destroys the natural qualities of soil. This organic manure also acts as a catalyst in absorption of water thereby making the soil dry.
Usually Indian spices, cultivated using chemical fertilizers, may face rejection in foreign markets. Therefore the usage of organic manure has gained popularity in spice plantation.
This novel invention is unique because here neem is processed without separation of oil from it.
This novel invention is also eco friendly and effective.
This organic manure is unique because the oil content in the dried neem seeds has pesticide effect and therefore prevents the growth of weeds.
It is the primary object of the invention to invent a novel organic manure from neem retaining all its original properties.
It is another main object of the invention to invent a novel organic manure from neem which is completely harmless compared with chemical fertilizers.
It is another object of the invention to invent a novel organic manure from neem without separation of oil from it.
It is another object of the invention to invent a novel organic manure from neem that is eco friendly and effective.

It is another object of the invention to invent a novel organic manure from neem that has pesticide effect and prevents growth.
It is another object of the invention to invent a novel organic manure from neem that is easily absorbed by soil.
It is another object of the invention to invent a novel organic manure from neem that retains the moisture content of soil.
It is another object of the invention to invent a novel organic manure from neem by a novel manufacturing process that is cost effective compared with chemical fertilizers.
It is another object of the invention to invent a novel organic manure from neem that is much lower priced than chemical fertilizers.
It is another object of the invention to invent a novel organic manure from neem that maintains standard quality.
Further objects of invention as well as its other useful features are clearly explained in the detailed description given below. The nature of the invention and the process of manufacture is described in the following specification.
Figure 1 accompanying the Complete Specification is the flow chart of the different stages of manufacture of the neem powder/ organic manure.

MANUFACTURE:-
The process of manufacturing involves mainly the following stages.
1. Collection of neem fruits
2. Drying
3. Cleaning
4. Grinding
5. Packing
1. Collection of neem fruits :-
The raw material for manufacturing oiled neem powder and cakes are neem fruits. Matured neem fruits are collected in bulk from Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka and transported to the factory.
2. Drving:-
The matured neem fruits thus collected are dried in a natural way for two to three days at 30° C.
3. Cleaning:-
In the next step all impurities like dirt and other waste are removed using vibrators and it is ensured that the neem fruits are clean.

4. Grinding:-
a) The neem fruits are then transferred into expellers where they are crushed into a cake form. The crushing process is done in a unique and novel manner so that the oil is not separated from the neem fruits. The first product of this grinding process is the oiled neem cake. This is used as a manure for cardamom. The unique and novel feature of the process is that the oil content is kept intact. It is scientifically established that the product contains about 14 % neem oil.
b) In the second step the crushed neem fruits are ground to powder form without alteration and the oil content in the fruits are retained as such. This natural manure is used as a very effective manure for tea, coffee, coconut, rubber, cashew, clove, sugar cane ginger, rice vegetables etc. In a single shift 10 tons of neem seeds can be ground to powder form.
Note:- Contrary to usual practice the neem fruits are not steamed during the processing. If neem fruits are processed by steaming, moisture content will be high and the products become prone to fungus and get damaged easily.
5. Packing and Storaee:-
The final products are packed in jute sacks and stored. The crushed neem seeds in the cake form are to be used within two weeks from the date of manufacture.

Advantages:-
1. The main advantage is that final product contains 14% neem oil in it. When the same process is carried out by other companies the oil gets extracted as the fruits are ground to powder.
2. The applicant does not use a steam boiler for grinding process. If steaming is carried out, moisture content will be high and the product is prone to fungus.
3. Since the process is simple it is cost effective and saves labour.
4. Chemical fertilizers, particularly nitrogenous ones when mixed with this organic manure remain longer in the soil, because of its influence on nitrifying bacteria and other microorganisms, thus increasing their availability to plants.
5. Micro and secondary nutrients contained in this manure accelerate plant growth.
6. This manure helps to maintain and develop physical properties of soil, important for plant growth such as soil structure, water holding capacity, aeration etc.

7. Azadirachtin, Nimbin, Ceianin, Miliantriol etc.present in the neem oil contained in this organic manure protects the plants from over 200 types of plant pests.
8. It also stimulates the growth of beneficial organisms that produce hormones, vitamins and disease resisting materials which enhance the growth of plants.

CLAIM:-
1. A novel organic manure from neem fruits that is produced in powder form and crushed form, with its oil content intact in it.
2. A novel organic manure from neem fruits as claimed in claim 1 that is easily absorbed by soil.
3. A novel organic manure from neem fruits as claimed in claim 1 that has better retention of moisture.
4. A novel organic manure from neem fruits as claimed in claim 1 that make the soil more humid and a slow and steady absorption by plants take place.
5. This unique novel invention where the organic manure is produced from neem fruits, without separation of oil from it.
6. A novel organic manure from neem fruits as claimed in claim 1, the manufacture of which involves the following steps.
a) Collection of neem fruits :-
The raw material for manufacturing oiled neem powder and cakes are neem fruits. Matured neem fruits are collected in bulk from Andhra Pradesh, Tamil Nadu and Karnataka and transported to the factory.

b) Drying:-
The matured neem fruits thus collected are dried in a natural way for two to three days at 30° C.
c) Cleaning: -
In the next step all impurities like dirt and other waste are removed using vibrators and it is ensured that the neem fruits are clean.
d) Grindine:-
1. The neem fruits are then transferred into expellers where they are crushed into a cake form. The crushing process is done in a unique and novel manner so that the oil is not separated from the neem fruits. The first product of this grinding process is the oiled neem cake. This is used as a manure for cardamom. The unique and novel feature of the process is that the oil content is kept intact. It is scientifically established that the product contains about 14 % neem oil.
2. In the second step the crushed neem fruits are ground to powder form without alteration and the oil content in the fruits are retained as such. This natural manure is used as a very effective manure for tea, coffee, coconut, rubber, cashew, clove, sugar cane ginger, rice vegetables etc.
In a single shift 10 tons of neem seeds can be ground to powder form.

Note:- Contrary to usual practice the neem fruits are not steamed during the processing. If steamed moisture content will be high and the products are prone to fungus and get damaged easily.
e) Packing and Storage:-
The final products are packed in jute sacks and stored. The crushed neem seeds in the cake form are to be used within two weeks from the date of manufacture.
7. A novel organic manure from neem fruits as claimed in claiml that contains 14% neem oil in it.
8. A novel organic manure from neem fruits as claimed in claiml wherein the applicant does not use a steam boiler for grinding process. If steaming is carried out moisture content will be high and the product is prone to fungus.
9. A novel organic manure from neem fruits as claimed in claiml wherein since the process is simple it is cost effective and saves labour.
10.A novel organic manure from neem fruits as claimed in claiml wherein chemical fertilizers, particularly nitrogenous ones, when mixed with this organic manure remain longer in the soil, because of its influence on nitrifying bacteria and other microorganisms, thus increasing their availability to plants.

11. A novel organic manure from neem fruits as claimed in claiml wherein
micro and secondary nutrients contained in this manure accelerate plant
growth.
12. A novel organic manure from neem fruits as claimed in claiml wherein
this manure helps to maintain and develop physical properties of soil,
important for plant growth such as soil structure, water holding capacity, aeration etc.
13. A novel organic manure from neem fruits as claimed in claiml wherein
Azadirachtin, Nimbin, Celanin, Miliantriol etc.in the neem oil contained
in this organic manure protects the plants from over 200 types of plant pests.
14. A novel organic manure from neem fruits as claimed in claiml wherein
it also stimulates the growth of beneficial organisms that produce
hormones, vitamins and disease resisting materials which enhance the
growth of plants.
15. A novel organic manure from neem fruits as claimed in claiml wherein
there is a novel process for the manufacture of a novel organic manure in
which about 14% of neem oil content is scientifically established.