Description:
FIELD OF INVENTION

The present invention relates to a novel semiochemical based semisolid formulation, that is water dispersible with sustained release for attracting adults of both male and female among Dipteran flies.

BACKGROUND OF INVENTION

Dipteran is insects with two-winged also called true flies, comprises about 150,000 described species, more than a quarter of a million species and are abundant throughout the world in the tropics, subarctic, sea level, and on mountains regions In the tropical and the subtropical region. Fruit flies and melon flies causes considerable financial losses in horticultural crops world-wide. Most soft tropical fruits are prone to infestation by fruit flies. Egg-laying females puncture the fruits leaving scars and holes on the fruit surface. The gravid females of genus Bactrocera oviposit on fruit and vegetables, tunnel through fruits and vegetables or in some cases through stem tissue, spreading bacteria and fruit may rot as they grow. Larval feeding destroys pulps of the fruit from inside and causes premature fruit drop. The fruit eventually rots making it unsuitable for harvesting and human consumption. In this way female fruit fly are more dangerous than male for fruits and vegetables. Fruit flies, especially Bactrocera dorsalis and Bactrocera cucurbitae, cause considerable yield and fruit loss in mango ranges from 5 to 80%, and in guava from 10 to 80%. Although integrated pest management (IPM) is recommended for the management of economically important agriculture pests and fruit flies, the IPM components are meagrely used. The olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae, is another widespread, monophagous pest that feeds exclusively on wild and cultivated olives. It is estimated that olive fruit fly is widely distributed worldwide around 9.8 million ha of cultivated olive trees including Mediterranean basins. It is reported that B. olea causes a direct loss of about 15% olive fruit and an economic loss of 800 million US dollars. The Mediterranean fruit fly, Ceratitis capitata (Wiedemann), another example of highly destructive fruit fly which causes economic loss over 2 billion US dollars each year and fruit species damage reached up to 100% yield. Drosophila suzukii also known as spotted-wing drosophila (SWD), is another example of highly destructive polyphagous South Asian origin fruit fly for soft skinned fruits e g. berry and cherry. The total annual revenue losses for the West Coast berry and cherry industries were estimated at over $500 million (Bolda et al. Agr. Resour. Econ. 13: 5–8. 2010) due to spotted-wing drosophila (SWD) infestation. The root cause for loss is due to fruit get damaged by oviposition activity of the females, which puncture or inject larva inside the fruits leaving scars or holes on surface and larval feeding of the fruit pulp causes weaken fruit tissue, dry out the fruit and premature fruit fall from branches of trees. In addition, due to the susceptibility of many fruit and vegetable crops to invasive dipteran or tephritid species, many countries have imposed quarantine restrictions on import and require quarantine treatment before their importation is allowed. The Mexican Fruit Fly or mexfly or Anastrepha ludens is a serious pest to various fruits, particularly citrus and mango and US Department of Agriculture estimated that the Mexfly causes $1.44 billion worth of damage in a five year time span, mostly to citrus farms. They are frequently designated as an invasive species in Southern California and Arizona and hence require suitable control.

Fruit flies are very specific in their response to methyl Eugenol and Cuelure. Only male flies are attracted with methyl eugenol and cuelure (Cunningham, 1989, Handbook of Vegetable Pests, 2nd Edition 2020, Pages 211-258). Previous studies show that flies of the species that are attracted to methyl eugenol do not respond to the cuelure and vice versa. Because of that simultaneous attraction of both groups of species would be desirable, attempts have been made to use a mixture of methyl eugenol and cuelure in a single decoy or a single system for fruit flies in order to provide a system that has a broader spectrum of attraction. It attracts fruit flies from more species than those individually attracted to methyl eugenol or cuelure alone.

MX2014013917A discloses an insect control formulation including methyl eugenol, cuelure and a biodegradable wax carrier and found effective attractant for Olive fruit flies (Bactrocera dorsalis) and Melon flies (Bactrocera cucurbitae). Formulation embodiments include at least one insect toxicant and used in aerial or backpack spray applications or for delivery using caulk gun-type or grease pump-type devices. The major drawback of this formulation is that, formulation is not water dispersible, uses high amount of active loading, active releases up to four weeks in agricultural field and only focusing on trapping of male fly’s.

WO2013173300A1 describes an insect control formulation including methyl eugenol, cuelure and a biodegradable wax carrier which is effective attractant for Olive fruit flies (Bactrocera dorsalis) and Melon flies (Bactrocera cucurbitae). Formulation embodiments that include at least one insect toxicant for fruit fly Male annihilation technique MAT or attract and kill systems, and are suitable for on-crop or off-crop uses. The major drawback of this formulation is use of high dose of methyl Eugenol which causes severe phyto toxic effect on plant surface, it is not water dispersible, active release up to only four weeks in agricultural field and only focusing on trapping of male fruit fly.

WO2017113945A1 describes a gel composition for attracting insects, comprises cuelure and methyl eugenol, wherein the gel composition further comprises a pressure sensitive adhesive, a solid-phase carrier, and a solvent. In another aspect, the invention also provides a spray for attracting insects, a tape for attracting insects, and a method of reducing insect pest damage. By employing the above technical solution, the gel composition in the present invention lowers a ratio of the number of damaged fruits by insect pests to the total number of fruits (a damage rate) to 5-15%, which is significantly lower than the existing insect control agents. The main drawback of this patent is the use of pressure sensitive adhesive and n-hexane which will cause accumulation of polymeric material and exhibit harmful effect on ecosystem. N-hexane will cause etching on the plant surface which further leads to phyto toxic effect.

US10015962B2 explains an insect control formulation including methyl eugenol 10% to 30% by weight of the total formulation, cue lure 5% to 15% by weight of the total formulation and a biodegradable wax carrier comprises 30% to 70% by weight of the total formulation is effective attractant for fruit flies (Bactrocera dorsalis) and melon flies (Bactrocera cucurbitae). Formulation embodiments that include at least one insect toxicant for use in fruit fly MAT or attract and kill systems, and are suitable for on-crop or off-crop uses , in aerial or backpack spray applications or for delivery using caulk gun-type or grease pump-type devices. The major drawback of this formulation is the usage of high dose methyl eugenol which causes severe phyto toxic effect on plant surface, focusing on trapping of male fruit fly only in addition to being non-water dispersible formulation.

In majority of patents described above, there is no description about female specific semisolid formulation which works either by mass trapping or attraction and kill for female fly’s which causes major destruction in fruits and vegetables, responsible for population growth of insect from egg to adult and hence responsible for significant yield loss. However, the focus of these described publications lies on mass trapping or attract and kill of male fruit flies (Bactrocera dorsalis) and/or melon flies (Bactrocera cucurbitae).
Various scientific literatures has reported very common practice in agriculture use of Toxicated liquid protein bait, hydrolyzed protein solution and sugar solution in the form of spray for controlling fruit flies and other flies. A method of controlling fruit fly by the use of toxicated liquid protein bait spray is reported by K L Maung et.al [Journal of Life Sciences 13 (2019) 18-24] and main ingredients used for preparing protein baits are yeast, sucrose, jaggery, and wheat bran. The publication has not declared the percentage of female flies catches as they have represented total number of fruit flies and the formulation is not sustainable in rain after application on plant,. Liquid protein bait application in agriculture field either require installation of trap or mechanical spray machine. Due to installation requirement and compatibility issue with various insecticides, this method may not be suitable for commercialization.

Yurong He et.al reported 3,7,7- trimethylbicyclo [4.1.0] hept-3-ene or 3-carene as chemical attractant for female Bactrocera dorsalis and Bactrocera correcta [Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Volume 22, Issue 3, September 2019, Pages 758-765] but not used in water dispersible semisolid formulations.

The patent CN101411327B discloses an attractant for melon flies, which comprise 1 to 10 percent of a melon aroma substance as major attractant for male and female melon flies especially for control of melon flies and the pumpkin fruit flies. The major drawback of the formulation is that the formulation uses ethanol as the solvent may cause phyto toxicity on the plant surface and may wash away in rainy season after application.

Indian Patent IN 202041004241 discloses a phagostimulant formulation for trapping both male and female of Tephritid fruit fly (Bactrocera cucurbitae) specifically melon fly and used ethyl hexanoate esters, gamma octalactone, delta octalactone, acetic acid, β-ocimene, cis-ocimene and cucurbitacin mixture. The major drawback of this formulation is that, it is sprayable formulation and can be washed out in rainy season after application. It does not have any photo stabiliser and undergo photo degradation on exposure to sunlight in agriculture field with shorter release duration.

Although, patents CN101411327B and IN202041004241 are focused on the attraction of both male and female of melon fly only and the formulation is suffering from various drawbacks. In order to provide an effective prevention for fruit and / or vegetable damage and overcoming the drawbacks of existing formulations, there exists a need of combined female and male specific attractants based semisolid diffuser for fruit and / or vegetables insect management and that should be cost effective, water dispersible, uses low active loading, environment friendly, ease of application without much labour cost economics, releases active ingredients up to eight weeks, compatible with majority of commercially available chemical insecticide formulations and stay on the plant surface, effective even in rainy seasons without exhibiting any phytotoxic effect.

OBJECTIVES OF THE PRESENT INVENTION

The objective of this present invention is to provide a novel semiochemical based semisolid formulation for attract and kill of Dipteran insect species with sustained release semisolid formulation comprising oviposition semiochemicals 3-careen, sugars, fruit volatiles along with male attractants of Diptera viz. methyl eugenol, cuelure, 1,7-dioxaspiro[5,5] undecane, trimedlure, tricosene , SWD attractive blend either alone or combinations thereof to control specifically male and female fruit flies of diptera species. This composition is water dispersible, storage stable at room temperature and is rain fast. This composition / formulation can be applied directly on plant leaf or axle / stem without exhibiting any phytotoxic effect. We have introduced 3-carene, sugars, fruit volatiles / flavours, suitable phagostimulant mixture including primary aliphatic alcohols as a female specific attractant in combination with male attractants of diptera.

Another objective of the present invention is to provide method for preparation of sustained release semisolid emulsion composition which comprises female fly attractant preferably 3-carene, sugars, fruit volatiles, optionally phagostimulant mixture including primary aliphatic alcohols with male attractants of diptera with emulsion components including additives and/or auxiliaries, emulsion stabilizer(s), adhesion promoter, preservative(s), an antioxidant, UV Screeners, diluent, texture modifier and that is eco-friendly, non-phytotoxic, adheres to wet / dry plant surface or any solid substrate, and cost effective alternative to existing formulations which can be stored in tubes or pouches and applied on the plant or axle / stem tree contact application.

Other objectives and advantages of the present disclosure will be more apparent from the following description, which is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention is related to a wax based sustained release semisolid composition / formulation which comprises male attractants either Methyl Eugenol / Cuelure, 1,7-dioxaspiro[5,5] undecane, Trimedlure, tricosene SWD attractive blend or in combination wherein female fly attractant is a mixture of 3-carene, sugars, phagostimulant mixture including primary aliphatic alcohols, fruit volatiles or flavors, gamma octalactone specifically either for mass trapping or control of male and female fruit flies. This formulation is water dispersible, release active ingredients up to eight weeks, can be mixed with majority of commercially available compatible insecticide and stay on the plant surface even in rainy days. This formulation is based on liquid protein bait free technology and don’t require any additional fixtures installation in agricultural field, can be applied directly on plant leaf or axle / stem without exhibiting any phyto toxic effect with good adhesion properties.

This invention relates to a novel water dispersible, semiochemical/s based sustained release semisolid formulation for attracting adults of both male and female among dipteran flies, exhibits adherence to any crop surface or other support in agricultural field without exhibiting any phyto toxicity and it is compatible with any insecticide which can convert the formulation into an attract and kill formulation. More specifically, the invention relates to semisolid formulations comprising semiochemical/s male attractants of diptera order in combination with 3, 7, 7- tri methyl bicyclo [4.1.0] hept-3-ene semiochemical/s of oviposition in nature, fruit flavours volatiles, and sugars. The composition is used for either mass trapping or as a bait for attract and kill for control of dipteran flies.

The present disclosure relates to sustained release, semisolid emulsion composition comprising semiochemical/s either methyl Eugenol or Cuelure or combination of both in the presence female fruit fly attractant a mixture of 3-carene, sugars, primary alcohols, fruit volatiles, gama octalactone incorporated in waxy matrix and uniformly mixed in dispersion medium. The composition provides an insect specific semisolid emulsion, water dispersible wax emulsion for sustained release of para-pheromones. The composition can be in the form of cream or gel or paste when dispensed in field in the form of tiny to large dollops, create consistent para-pheromones plumes that are attractive against female Bactrocera dorsalis & Bactrocera correcta or Bactrocera cucurbitae either alone or combination of both male insects for a given treated area.

The present invention relates to controlled release, water dispersible wax based semisolid, and oil in water emulsion system which comprises para-pheromones or male attractive pheromone in presence of female fly attractants a mixture of 3-carene, sugars, primary aliphatic alcohols, fruit volatiles or flavours, and gama octalactone, can be used either for mass trapping or control of fruit fly by attraction and kill technique, and provides para-pheromones release duration up to eight weeks in agricultural field. This composition is stable for minimum of 2 years at room temperature with intact packed conditions.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

The present disclosure will now be described with the help of the accompanying drawing, in which:

Figure 1 describes percentage of Bactrocera dorsalis male and female catches with Bactrocera cucurbitae using ME +CL+CA glue dispenser;

Figure 2 describes Bactrocera dorsalis male and female catches using ME +CA glue dispenser;

Figure 3 describes Bactrocera dorsalis male and female catches using ME alone glue dispenser;

Figure 4 describes Bactrocera cucurbitae male and female catches using CL glue dispenser; and

Figure 5 describes release pattern of ME +CA+CL, CL, ME+CA, and ME glue dispenser with respect to field exposure duration.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS

Embodiments are provided to convey the scope of the present disclosure thoroughly and fully to the person skilled in the art. Numerous details, are set forth, relating to specific components, and methods, to provide a complete understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent to the person skilled in the art that the details provided in the embodiments should not be construed to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, well-known processes, well-known apparatus structures, and well-known techniques are not described in detail.

The terminology used, in the present disclosure, is only for the purpose of explaining a particular embodiment and such terminology shall not be considered to limit the scope of the present disclosure. As used in the present disclosure, the forms “a”, “an”, and “the” may be intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly suggests otherwise. The terms “comprise”, “comprising”, “including” and “having” are open ended transitional phrases and therefore specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements, modules, units and/or components, but do not forbid the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof. The particular order of steps disclosed in the method and process of the present disclosure is not to be construed as necessarily requiring their performance as described or illustrated. It is also to be understood that additional or alternative steps may be employed.

As used herein, the term “and/or” includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed elements.

Throughout this specification the word “comprise of”, or variations such as “comprises” or “comprising”, will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element, integer or step, or group of elements, integers, or steps, but not the exclusion of any other element, integer or step, or group of elements, integers, or steps.

The use of the expression “at least” or “at least one” suggests the use of one or more elements or ingredients or quantities, as the use may be in the embodiment of the invention to achieve one or more of the desired objects or results. While certain embodiments of the inventions have been described, these embodiments have been presented by way of experiment only and are not intended to limit the scope of the inventions. Variations or modifications to the formulation of this invention, within the scope of the invention, may occur to those skilled in the art upon reviewing the disclosure herein. Such variations or modifications are well within the spirit of this invention.

The numerical values given for various physical parameters, dimensions, and quantities are only approximate values and it is envisaged that the values higher than the numerical value assigned to the physical parameters, dimensions and quantities fall within the scope of the invention unless there is a statement in the specification to the contrary.

While considerable emphasis has been placed herein on the specific features of the preferred embodiment, it will be appreciated that many additional features can be added and that many changes can be made in the preferred embodiment without departing from the principles of the disclosure. These and other changes in the preferred embodiment of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein, whereby it is to be distinctly understood that the foregoing descriptive matter is to be interpreted merely as illustrative of the disclosure and not as a limitation.

The abbreviations used in the present disclosure have the meaning as specified below unless mentioned otherwise:

Tween 60: Polyoxyethylene Sorbitan Monolaurate
Span 60: Sorbitan Monostearate
PVA: Poly vinyl alcohol
BHT: butylated hydroxytoluene
Carbon HBET: mesoporous carbon with high surface area
UV screeners: charcoal, GCS & titanium dioxide
MCW: Microcrystalline wax
BHT: butylated hydroxytoluene
BHA: butylated hydroxyanisole
ME: Methyl Euginol
CL: Cuelure
CA: 3,7,7- trimethylbicyclo [4.1.0] hept-3-ene or 3-Carene
SWD: spotted-wing drosophila

The present invention relates to controlled release, semisolid composition or formulation comprising specifically semiochemical/s, 1,7-dioxaspiro[5,5] undecane, trimedlure, SWD attractive blend along with female fly attractant comprises 3-carene, sugars, primary aliphatic alcohols , fruit volatiles or flavours , and gama octalactone mixture incorporated in waxy matrix and uniformly dispersed in dispersion medium. More specifically, the semisolid composition comprises 3-carene, sugars, primary aliphatic alcohols, fruit volatiles or flavours, and gama octalactone mixture and semiochemical/s either methyl eugenol /cuelure or methyl eugenol & cuelure combination with dispersion medium including additives and/or auxiliaries, emulsion stabilizer(s), surfactants, adhesion promoter, preservative(s), an antioxidant, UV Screeners, diluent, and texture modifier.

In another preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the composition can be applied in the form of cream ,dispersion or gel or paste and dispensed in agricultural field in the form of tiny to large dollops to create consistent plumes of either methyl Eugenol /Cuelure or methyl Eugenol & Cuelure combination that are competitively attractive against male fruit and melon flies in combination with majority of female flies for a given treated area which can be used either in mass trapping or attract and kill technique in combination with commercial compatible insecticide.

In a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the semi-solid composition comprises a dispersed phase composed of semiochemical/s alone or in mixture including female fly attractant and dispersion medium wherein semiochemical/s is selected from methyl eugenol, cuelure either alone in combinations thereof.

More specifically, the semi-solid emulsion composition comprises:
(a) Dispersed phase in an amount in the range of 0.1 to 50 w/w% of the total amount of the composition;
(b) Dispersion medium in an amount in the range of 0.1 to 50w/w% of the total amount of the composition; and
(c) Additives in an amount in the range of 0.01 to 15% of the total amount of the dispersion medium.

The semi-solid composition of the present disclosure has a dispersed phase comprising wax, lubricating agent or texture modifier, diluent , antioxidant, semiochemical/s, female attractant, UV screener and a dispersion medium which comprises additives and/or auxiliaries, emulsifier(s), film forming agents, preservative(s), humectant or emulsion stabiliser and provides rain fastness after drying. In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the semi-solid composition of semiochemical/s is capable of either mass trapping or control of fruit and /or melon flies in combination with insecticides when applied in to agricultural filed.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, more specifically the dispersed phase component comprises:
(a) wax as a carrier in an amount in the range of 1 w/w% to 50 w/w% of the total amount of the composition;
(b) oil in an amount in the range of 0.01 w/w% to 15 w/w% of the total amount of the composition;
(c) texture modifier in the range of 0.01 w/w% to 15 w/w% of the total amount of the composition;
(d) Methyl Eugenol , Cuelure either alone or in combination in an amount in the range of 0.01 to 20 %w/w of the total amount of the composition;
(e) 3-carene, phagostimulant gama octalactone, and fruit volatiles or flavours in an amount 0.1 to 20 %w/w of the total amount of the composition;
(f) antioxidant in an amount in the range of 0.01 w/w% to 10 w/w% of the total amount of the composition; and
(g) Carbon HBET and mesoporous silica in 0.1 to 10 w/w% of the total amount of dispersed phase ;
Wherein the semiochemical/s or male fly attractant, can be select from methyl Eugenol, cuelure, Trimedlure, 1,7-dioxaspiro[5,5] undecane, tricosene SWD attractive blend consisting of ethanol, acetic acid, acetoin, methionol, ,ethyl lactate either alone or in combination thereof and female attractant is a mixture of 3-carene, primary aliphatic alcohols, phagostimulant gama octalactone and fruit volatiles/flavours in suitable ratio which entrapped within the wax carrier, along with an emulsifier, and additive components that are dispersed uniformly in the dispersion medium.

In another preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, the semi-solid composition comprises water based dispersion medium which can be better described as given below:
i. Dispersion medium comprising emulsifier in an amount in the range of 0.1 w/w% to 50 w/w% by of the total amount of the composition along with additives; and.
ii. Additives comprising:
a. emulsifier or stabilizer in an amount in the range of 0.5 w/w% to 10 w/w% of the total amount of the composition;
b. preservative in an amount in the range of about 0.01 to 0.5 w/w% dissolved in humectant or stabiliser of the total amount of the composition;
c. film forming agent in an amount in the range of about 0.1to 7.5 w/w% of the total amount of the composition; and
d. sugar in an amount 0.1 to 10% w/w% of the total amount of the composition.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the emulsion is an oil-in-water emulsion system which can be easily dispersible in water.

In the present disclosure, the female fly attractant is a mixture of 3-carene, sugars, fruit volatiles, primary aliphatic alcohols and gama octalactone in suitable ratio.

In the present disclosure, male fly attractant can be selected from methyl Eugenol, Cuelure, trimedlure, 1,7-dioxaspiro[5,5] undecane, tricosene or attractive blend of SWD consisting of ethanol, acetic acid, acetoin, methionol, ,ethyl lactate either alone or in combination.

In accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure, the wax carrier is selected from the group consisting of natural wax, synthetic wax and combinations thereof. The synthetic wax is selected from the group consisting of microcrystalline wax, ozokerite, ceresin, Montan wax, paraffin and combinations thereof. The natural wax is selected from the group consisting of rice bran wax, sunflower wax, bees wax, candelilla wax, carnauba wax, Chinese insect wax, esparto wax, Japan wax, spermaceti wax, lanolin wax and combinations thereof.

The emulsifier in the present invention is selected from the group consisting of cetostearyl alcohol, Lecithin, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, stearic acid, montanic acid, oleic acid, polyhydroxy alcohol, phospholipid, Brij50, Brij 52, Brij 30, Brij 35, Brij 90, Brij 92, Span 20, Span 40, Span 60, Span 80, tween 20, tween 40, tween 60 or tween 80, and combinations thereof.

In accordance of present disclosure, diluent is selected from the group consisting paraffin oil, soya bean oil, cotton seed oil, olive oil, jojoba oil, sunflower oil, corn oil, peanut oil, sesame oil, castor oil, medium chain triglycerides, Isopropyl palmitate and combinations thereof.
The film forming / adhesion promoter and rheology modifying agent in the present embodiment is selected from poly vinyl pyrrolidone, and PVA solution. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the film forming agent PVA is used alone.

The preservative in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure is selected from methyl paraben, propyl paraben, sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate.

The antioxidant in the present disclosure is selected from BHT, BHA, tocopherol and texture modifier is selected from Metallic stearates magnesium stearate or zinc stearate preferably magnesium stearate. Carbon HBET and mesoporous silica is used as control release agent, UV filter and rheology modifier and Propylene glycol is selected as humectants or composition stabiliser.

In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the flavouring agents or fruit fragrance/volatile can be selected from the fragrance of wine yeast, tuti fruity, mango, guava, pineapple, litchi, melon or any other fruit flavour or volatiles.

In another embodiment of the present disclosure is to provide a semisolid composition which adheres to wet / dry plant surface or any solid substrate and exhibits water or rain sustainability after drying.

Another embodiment of the present disclosure is to use high surface area carbon HBET for control of active release and UV protection.
Another embodiment of the present disclosure is to modification insect behaviour at least for minimum of 2 months in accordance with release duration.

Still another embodiment of the present disclosure is to provide water dispersible property in order to aid addition of insecticide, which can be used for attract and kill strategy with compatible chemical insecticides.

Another embodiment of the present invention is to dilute the semisolid formulation with water and spray on highly infested area for immediate control with minimum amount of compatible chemical insecticide.
Yet in another embodiment the yield increase is up to 30% for guava in bio-efficacy trial performed in agricultural field at Mulugu and Mustafaguda village, Telangana, India.

Said fruit volatile in the present disclosure can be any of these viz. myristyl ether, 2-thujene, (1R) - (+) - α pinene, camphorterpene, sabinene, β -pinene, α -phellandrene, p-cymene, cineole, terpinene, 4-carene, camphor, borneol, terpinen-4-ol, terpineol, or estragole, 3-methylbutanal, 2,3-butanedione, 2,3,5-trimethyl-pyrazin, acetic acid ethenyl ester, 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline and (E,E)-2,4-decadienal or combinations thereof.

Said phagostimulant in the present disclosure can be any of these viz. γ-octalactone, γ-nonalactone, γ-decalactone, γ-undecalactone, γ-dodecalactone, δ-octalactone, δ-nonalactone, δ-decalactone, δ-undecalactone, ethyl hexanoate esters, acetic acid, β-ocimene, cis-ocimene, linalool, (E,E)-alpha-farnesene, 3-ethyl-2,5-dimethylpyrazine, beta-elemene, geranyl acetate, ethyl hexanoate, 2,3,5-trimethylpyrazine, (4R*, 6R*)-4-hydroxyoleane and (3R*, 6R*)-3-hydroxyoleane, enantiomers of heptalactone, cucurbitacin, alanine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, glutamic acid, yeast extracts, dusty yeast, yeasts such as 2-methyl-3-furanthiol, 2-methyl-3-methyldithiofuran, methional, 1-octen-3-one, dimethyltrisulphide, 1-octen-3-ol; 1-octanol, 1-heptanol, 1-nonanol, p-cresol, Isoamyl alcohol, 2-phenyl ethanol, 2-phenyl ethanol, 3 Methylthio Propanol or any short chain primary alcohols, aroma compounds such as indole, 2-methoxyphenol, benzeneacetaldehyde, and, Ethyl Butyrate, 2- Phenylethyl acetate, ethyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, ethyl isobutyrate, 2 Phenylacetaldehyde, Isovalerate, Isobutyrate, valencene or combination thereof.

Said female fly attractant in the present disclosure is selected from a member of the fatty acyl compound class [(Z)-non-3-3n-1-ol], carboxylic acids and it’s derivatives class and three organooxygen compounds viz., (E,E)-8-ethyl-2-methyl-1,7-dipxaspiro [5,5]undecane,(E,E)-8-methyl-2-propyl-1,7-dioxaspiro[5,5]undecane, and (E,E)-2,8-dimethyl-1,7-dioxaaspiro[5,5] undecane as well as N-(3-methylbutyl)acetamide or combination thereof.

Said male fly attractant in the present disclosure is selected from methyl eugenol, cuelure, trimedlure, 1,7-dioxaspiro[5,5] undecane, Z-non-3-en-1-ol or attractive blend of SWD containing ethanol, acetic acid, acetoin, methionol, ,ethyl lactate, α-pinene, nonanal, ethyl dodecanoate or combination thereof; and flavouring agents or fruit fragrance can be selected preferably from the fragrance of wine yeast, tuti fruity, mango, guava, pineapple, litchi and melon fruit flavour or fragrances.

Another embodiment of the present disclosure is to provide a process for the preparation of controlled release semisolid composition which can be prepared with variable viscosity to suit various crops, geographies and equipment used for application.

In another embodiment a general method for preparation of semisolid emulsion composition which comprises dispersed phase and dispersion medium, comprising the following steps:
(a) Preparation of dispersed phase:
i. Wax, stearic acid and diluent oil were mixed together at melting temperature of wax – oil blend to obtain molten waxy liquid
ii. Diluent, antioxidant, and texture modifier were dispersed in the molten waxy liquid under stirring in stepwise manner.
iii. A mixture of silica and Carbon HBET were dispersed in molten waxy mass
iv. The resulting waxy liquid was allowed to cool up to 60 0 C and then Methyl Eugenol, Cuelure either alone or in combination along with 3carene, fruit volatiles and phagostimulant mixture including primary aliphatic alcohol were dispersed in the molten waxy liquid;
v. Finally antioxidant was dispersed into the waxy molten mass to prepare dispersed phase;
(b) Preparation of dispersion medium: Separate aqueous phase was prepared by mixing aqueous polymer solution and a surfactant blend under stirring at same temperature to the melting temperature of wax –oil blend;
(c) The aqueous phase obtained in step (b) added to the mixture obtained in (a) and mixed at about 2000 rpm using bottom homogeniser and pH adjusted to neutral;
(d) Humectant/ stabiliser was added along with preservative at a temperature in the range of 60°C to 65°C to obtain the semi-solid emulsion composition and pH was adjusted 6.5 to 7; and
(e) Lastly sugar was added into the pasty mass.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the semisolid formulation is used by direct application on plant surfaces and can be stored at room temperature with caped tube or sealed pouches without any compromise in quality. The semi-solid compositions of the present disclosure exhibit rain-fastness and adhere on the plant surface for longer time even during rain, as determined by ASTM STP 1268 procedure.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the semi-solid composition exhibits physicochemical stability at 54±5°C temperature for four weeks and two years at room temperature of 25±5°C.

In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the semi-solid composition is used alone for mass trapping of insects. However, the semi-solid composition can be used in combination with compatible chemical insecticides for attract and kill of insects.

In another embodiment, current invention may be used to control Diptera (true flies) pests which includes, but are not limited to, Aedes spp. (mosquitoes), Agromyza frontella (alfalfa blotch leafminer), Agromyza spp. (leaf miner flies), Anastrepha spp. (Mexican fruit flies), Anastrepha suspensa (Caribbean fruit fly), Zeugodacus curbitae, Rhagoletis batava, R. cerasi, Anopheles spp. (mosquitoes), Batrocera spp. (fruit flies), Bactrocera cucurbitae (melon fly), Bactrocera olae (olive fruit fly), Bactrocera tryoni, Bactrocera carambolae, Bactrocera zonata, Bactrocera mysae, Ceratitis spp. (fruit flies), Ceratitis capitata (Mediterranean fruit fly), Ceratitis rosa, Ceratitis anonae, Ceratitis fasciventris, Chrysops spp. (deer flies), Cochliomyia spp. (screwworms), Contarinia spp. (Gall midges), Culex spp. (mosquitoes), Dasineura spp. (gall midges), Dasineura brassicae (cabbage gall midge), Delia spp., Delia platura (seedcorn maggot), Drosophila spp. (vinegar flies), Fannia spp. (filth flies), Fannia canicularis (little house fly), Fannia scalaris (latrine fly), Gasterophilus intestinalis (horse bot fly), Gracillia perseae, Haematobia irritans (horn fly), Hylemyia spp. (root maggots), Hypoderma lineatum (common cattle grub), Liriomyza spp. (leafminer flies), Liriomyza brassica (serpentine leafminer), Melophagus ovinus (sheep ked), Musca spp. (muscid flies), Musca autumnalis (face fly), Musca domestica (house fly), Oestrus ovis (sheep bot fly), Oscinella fruit (fruit fly), Pegomyia betae (beet leafminer), Phorbia spp., Psila rosae (carrot rust fly), Rhagoletis cerasi (cherry fruit fly), Rhagoletis pomonella (apple maggot), Sitodiplosis mosellana (orange wheat blossom midge), Stomoxys calcitrans (stable fly), Tabanus spp. (horse flies), and Tipula spp. (crane flies).

The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for purposes of illustration and not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Individual components of a particular embodiment are generally not limited to that particular embodiment, but, are interchangeable. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the present disclosure, and all such modifications are considered to be within the scope of the present disclosure.

EXAMPLES:

The following examples, which include preferred embodiments, will serve to illustrate the practice of this invention for purpose of illustrative discussion of preferred embodiments of the invention.

Example 1: Semisolid formulation with Methyl Eugenol

29g of microcrystalline wax, 3 gram of stearic acid and 5g of soybean oil mixed together , charged in glass reactor equipped with overhead stirrer, and heated at 80-850C under stirring to obtain molten wax. 1.5 g of Magnesium stearate was added in the same vessel under stirring and then 1g of Carbon HBET and 0.25g of fumed silica were added under stirring respectively and allowed to cool up to 600C. Further 15g of Methyl Eugenol, 1.5 g of Soybean oil, and 0.5g of BHT were mixed together and added into molten wax and kept under continuous stirring for about 10-15 min. Another solution called aqueous phase was prepared in a separate vessel by melting 4.5 g of span 60 and 5.5g of tween 60 in 28 g of 2.2% polyvinyl alcohol solution under stirring. This aqueous phase was mixed into the molten wax under stirring at 600C and homogenise using bottom homogeniser at 2000 rpm for 10 min. Then mixture was allowed to cool at 450C and pH was adjusted to neutral using di or tri ethanol amine. After attaining 450C, 5 g of propylene glycol containing 150 mg of methyl paraben was added and further allowed to cool at room temperature. pH of the pasty material was further adjusted in the range of 5.5 to 6.5 using 10% HCl solution. This formulation was labelled as 15% ME paste.

Example 2: Semi-solid formulation with Methyl Eugenol +Carene

28g of microcrystalline wax, 2.5 gram of stearic acid and 1.5g of soybean oil were mixed together, charged in glass reactor equipped with overhead mechanical stirrer and heated at 80-850C under stirring to obtain liquid waxy liquid. 1.5 g of Magnesium stearate was added in the same vessel under stirring. Then 1 g of Carbon HBET and 0.25 g of fumed silica were added respectively in the waxy liquid under stirring and allowed to cool at 600C. Further a mixture of 15g of Methyl Eugenol, 5g premixed mixture of 3-Carene, gama octalactone and fruit volatiles, 1.5 g of Soybean oil, and 0.6g of BHT were added into liquid wax under continuous stirring. Another solution called aqueous phase was prepared in a separate vessel by melting 4.5 g of span 60 and 5.5g of tween 60 in 28g of 4.5% aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solution under stirring. This aqueous phase was mixed into the molten wax under stirring at 600C and homogenise using bottom homogeniser at 2000 rpm. Then mixture was allowed to cool at 450C and pH adjusted to neutral using tri ethanol amine. After attaining 450C, 5 g of propylene glycol containing 150 mg of methyl paraben was added and further allowed to cool at room temperature. About 5g of sugar was added in the paste and pH of the pasty material was adjusted in the range of 5.5 to 6.5 using 10% HCl solution. This formulation was labelled as 20% ME+CA paste.

Example 3: Semi-solid formulation with CL

24g of microcrystalline wax mixture, 2 g of stearic acid and 4g of soybean oil were mixed together, charged in glass reactor equipped with overhead mechanical stirrer and heated at 80-850C under stirring to obtain liquid waxy liquid. 2.5 g of Magnesium stearate were added in the same vessel under stirring. Then 1 g of Carbon HBET along with 0.25 g of fumed silica were added in the same reactor under stirring and allowed to cool up to 600C. Further a mixture of 15g of Cuelure, 4 g of Soybean oil, and 0.5g of BHT were mixed together and added into liquid wax under continuous stirring. Another solution called aqueous phase was prepared in a separate vessel by melting 4.6 g of span 60 and 5.4g of tween 60 in 31 g of 4.5% aqueous polyvinyl alcohol solution. This aqueous phase was mixed into the molten wax under stirring at 600C and homogenise using bottom homogeniser at 2000 rpm for 10 min. Then resulting mixture was allowed to cool at 450C and pH adjusted to neutral using tri ethanol amine. After attaining 450C, 5 g of propylene glycol containing 150 mg of methyl paraben was added and further allowed to cool at room temperature. pH of the pasty material was adjusted in the range of 5.5 to 6.5 using 10% HCl solution. This formulation was labelled as 15% CL paste.

Example 4: Semi-solid formulation with ME+CA+CL
28 g of microcrystalline wax mixture, 2.5g of stearic acid and 1g of soybean oil were charged in glass reactor equipped with mechanical stirrer, and heated at 80-850C under stirring to obtain waxy liquid. 1.0 g of Magnesium stearate was added into the same vessel under stirring. Then 1 g of Carbon HBET and 0.25 g of fumed silica were added into the waxy liquid under stirring respectively and then allowed to cool at 60 0C. Further, 5g of Methyl Eugenol, 5g premixed mixture of 3-Carene, gama octalactone and fruit volatiles, 10g of Cuelure, 1 g of Soybean oil, and 0.5g of BHT mixed together and added into liquid wax under continuous stirring. Another solution called aqueous phase was prepared in a separate vessel by melting 4.8 g of span 60 and 5.2g of tween 60 in 31g of 4.5% polyvinyl alcohol solution. This aqueous phase was mixed into the molten wax under stirring at 600C and homogenise using bottom homogeniser at 2000 rpm for 10 min. Then mixture was allowed to cool at 450C and pH was adjusted to neutral using tri ethanol amine. After attaining 450C, 4 g of propylene glycol containing 160 mg of methyl paraben was added and further allowed to cool at room temperature. Finally about 5g of sugar was added in the paste and pH of the pasty material was adjusted in the range of 5.5 to 6.5 using 10% HCl solution. This formulation was labelled as 20% ME+CA+ CL paste.

Example 5: Semisolid formulation with 20% Methyl Eugenol

15g of microcrystalline wax, 10 g of rice bran wax, 2 gram of stearic acid and 5g of soybean oil mixed together , charged in glass reactor equipped with overhead stirrer, and heated at 80-850C under stirring to obtain molten wax. 1.5 g of Magnesium stearate was added in the same vessel under stirring and then 1g of Carbon HBET and 0.25g of fumed silica were added under stirring respectively and allowed to cool up to 600C. Further 20g of Methyl Eugenol, 1.5 g of Soybean oil, and 0.5g of BHT were mixed together and added into molten wax and kept under continuous stirring for about 10-15 min. Another solution called aqueous phase was prepared in a separate vessel by melting 4.5 g of span 60 and 5.5g of tween 60 in 28 g of 4.5% polyvinyl alcohol solution under stirring. This aqueous phase was mixed into the molten wax under stirring at 600C and homogenise using bottom homogeniser at 2000 rpm for 10 min. Then mixture was allowed to cool at 450C and pH was adjusted to neutral using di or tri ethanol amine. After attaining 450C, 5 g of propylene glycol containing 150 mg of methyl paraben was added and further allowed to cool at room temperature. pH of the pasty material was further adjusted in the range of 5.5 to 6.5 using 10% HCl solution. This formulation was labelled as 20 % ME paste.
Similarly, such semi-solid preparations of para-pheromones (e.g., trimedlure and 1,7-dioxaspiro[5,5]undecane) which can be used for tackling menace of Batrocera capitata and Bactrocera olae species respectively in respective geographical regions.

Release study in open environment:

About fifty numbers of similar geometry and weight 1g±0.10g dollops were place in the open agricultural field and allowed to expose in open environment in summer season (35 to 450C temperature range). After each predetermined time points, three similar dollops were removed from field and dispersed in ethyl acetate to extract semiochemical/s. The amount of semiochemical/s released /retained was determined by standard Gas Chromatography method. A typical release data of different paste formulations is given in Figure 5 which shows that all formulations are releasing attractants up to 60 days.

Bio efficacy & field studies:

i) An experiment was initiated to understand the effect of different attractants on fruit and melon flies in Guava plantation at Mulugu village, Telangana, India. The crop was at the stage of fruit maturation and ripening and the experimental field was surrounded by cucumber, Tomato, Ridge gourd and Brinjal crops. We applied one gram of dollop in lure holder of McPhail trap and 250ml of water was placed at the bottom of the trap.

Sample Treatment used for study:

T1: 20% ME+CL+CA Paste formulation T2: 20%ME+CA Paste formulation
T3: 15% ME Paste formulation T4: 15% CA Paste formulation
T5: 15% CL Paste formulation

It was observed that sample T4 failed to attract any of fruit fly (Bactrocera dorsalis) or melon fly (Bactrocera cucurbitae) which had only carene as the active ingredient in it. The sample treatment T3 had almost 100 per cent male fruit fly trapping except some accidental female fruit fly catches which was due to presence of Methyl eugenol male fruit fly attractant. However, both in T1 and T2 had satisfactory female fruit fly catches which can be correlated to the common component in both the formulations 3-carene. The highest recorded percent female fruit fly catches in T1 and T2 treatment are 23 and 37 respectively. Through the experiment, it is concluded that 15-30% adult female fruit fly was trapped in McPhail trap if used during the fruit maturation stage. Due to the Cuelure component in sample T1 melon fly also got attracted, however there was no female melon fly attraction observed, which clearly showed that the formulation containing both ME and CL is effective in attracting both fruit flies and melon flies provided the population is prevailing in test field. However in formulation T5, only melon fly (Bactrocera Cucurbitae) is observed in majority. Results obtained from these experiments are represented in figures from Figure no 1 to 4.

ii) In another experiment at the similar field of Guava plantation at Mulugu village, Telangana, India, we have observed more than 30 % yield increased in guava with use of T1 and T2 sample in comparison to T3 when placed in combination of commercially available compatible toxicants e g. 1-2% spinosad (45 SC) at the rate of 250 gram per acre per application.

iii) Another field experiment was initiated in ridge gourd fields (60 days old) at Musthafaguda village of Telangana state, India beginning in winter season of 2022. While installing the traps, the crop was healthy, and melon fly populations were moderate. The treatment of installing three McPhail traps with 250mg of ME+CL+CA paste formulation (20% of active ingredient) in lure holder along with 300 ml of water premixed with 1% insecticide (Fipronil 5% SC) at yellow bottom portion. The observations were carried out at regular intervals up to 30 days. The highest number of adult B. cucurbitae (melon flies) and Bactrocera dorsalis (fruit flies) captured per trap are 125.7 and 27.3 respectively. Maximum average trap catch of 153 adults/trap was observed on third week of experiment and an average of up to 16% of B. dorsalis out of total trap catch was observed throughout the experiment. Results obtained from these experiments are clearly representing melon fly and fruit fly combined catches with sample ME+CL+CA.

iv) This semi-solid formulation was dispersed in water and checked for it’s efficacy along with insecticides to reduce the infestation of fruits and vegetable crops and found to be effective.
, Claims:I/ WE CLAIM:

1. A novel semiochemical based semisolid formulation for attracting both female and males of dipterans, is characterized in that being made up of following component and weight by percentage:
a) dispersed phase comprising semiochemical/s, carbon HBET and carene, optionally combined with phagostimulants, flavouring agents and/or fruit volatiles, is 0.1 to 50 w/w% of total composition;
b) dispersion medium with emulsifier is optionally combined with sugar of 0.1 to 50w/w% of the total composition; and
c) additives of 0.01 to 15% of total weight of the dispersion medium,
wherein the said formulation is capable of mass trapping of both female and male fruit and /or melon flies of dipterans, mediterranean, malaysian, mexican & oliveflies; that is physico-chemically stable, water dispersible, exhibits rain fastness with sustained release of semiochemical up to eight weeks and optionally utilized in combination with insecticides in agricultural filed.

2. The semisolid formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dispersed phase comprises of:
a) wax as a carrier of about 1 to 50 w/w% of total composition;
b) diluent of about 0.01 to 15 w/w% of the total composition;
c) texture modifier of about 0.01 to 15 w/w% of the total composition;
d) methyl eugenol and cuelure, either alone or in combination of about 0.01 to 20 %w/w of the total composition;
e) a mixture of 3-carene, fruit volatiles or flavours and phagostimulant mixture including primary aliphatic alcohol, of about 0.1 to 20 %w/w of the total composition;
f) antioxidant of about 0.01 to 10 w/w% of the total composition; and
g) carbon HBET and mesoporous silica of about 0.1 to 10 w/w% of the total amount of dispersed phase,
wherein said dispersed phase is optionally combined with of phagostimulants, flavouring agents and/or volatile oils, and semiochemical blend is methyl eugenol, cuelure along with 3-carene are entrapped within the wax carrier.

3. The semisolid formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the dispersed medium is an emulsifier is combined with additives and optionally combined with sugar of 0.1 to 50w/w% of the total composition; where said dispersed phase is dispersed uniformly in the dispersion medium.

4. The semisolid formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the additives comprises of:
a) emulsifier or stabilizer of 0.5 to 10 w/w% of total composition;
b) preservative of 0.01 to 0.5 w/w% dissolved in humectant of 0.01 to 15.0 w/w%;
c) film forming agent of 0.1 to 7.5 w/w% of total composition; and
d) Optionally sugar of 0.1 to 10% w/w% of total composition.

5. The semisolid formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the system is oil-in-water emulsion which can be easily dispersible in water.

6. The semisolid formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the male fly attractant is selected from methyl eugenol, cuelure, trimedlure, olive fruit fly, 1,7-dioxaspiro[5,5] undecane, tricosene or attractive blend of SWD consisting of ethanol, acetic acid, acetoin, methionol, ,ethyl lactate ,Z-non-3-en-1-ol or combination thereof.

7. The semisolid formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the female fly attractants are mixtures of 3-carene, phagostimulant including primary aliphatic alcohols or aliphatic lactones optionally with fruit volatile or flavours.

8. The semisolid formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the phagostimulants are γ-octalactone, γ-nonalactone, γ-decalactone, γ-undecalactone, γ-dodecalactone, δ-octalactone, δ-nonalactone, δ-decalactone, δ-undecalactone, ethyl hexanoate esters, acetic acid, β-ocimene, cis-ocimene, cucurbitacin, alanine, leucine, isoleucine, methionine, glutamic acid, yeast extracts, dusty yeast, yeasts such as 2-methyl-3-furanthiol, 2-methyl-3-methyldithiofuran, methional, 1-octen-3-one, dimethyltrisulphide, 1-octen-3-ol; 1-octanol, 1-heptanol, 1-nonanol or any short chain primary alcohols; aroma compounds such as indole, 2-methoxyphenol, benzeneacetaldehyde, and p-cresol, Isoamyl alcohol, 2-phenyl ethanol, 3 Methylthio Propanol, Ethyl Butyrate, 2- Phenylethyl acetate, ethyl acetate, isoamyl acetate, ethyl isobutyrate, 2 Phenylacetaldehyde, Isovalerate, Isobutyrate, valencene or combination thereof.

9. The semisolid formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wax carrier is selected from the group consisting of natural wax, synthetic wax or combinations thereof.

10. The semisolid formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the synthetic wax is selected from the group consisting of microcrystalline wax, ozokerite, ceresin, montan wax, paraffin or combinations thereof.

11. The semisolid formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the emulsifier is selected from the group consisting of cetostearyl alcohol, Lecithin, cetyl alcohol, stearyl alcohol, stearic acid, montanic acid, oleic acid, polyhydroxy alcohol, phospholipid, Brij50, Brij 52, Brij 30, Brij 35, Brij 90, Brij 92, Span 20, Span 40, Span 60, Span 80, tween 20, tween 40, tween 60 or tween 80 or combinations thereof.

12. The semisolid formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the diluent is selected from group consisting of paraffin oil, or vegetable oil including soya bean oil, cotton seed oil, olive oil, jojoba oil, sunflower oil, corn oil, peanut oil, sesame oil, castor oil, medium chain triglycerides, Isopropyl palmitatethetic or combinations thereof.

13. The semisolid formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the film forming / adhesion promoter and rheology modifying agent is selected from poly vinyl pyrrolidone, and PVA solution preferably PVA is used alone.

14. The semisolid formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the preservative is selected from any of methyl paraben, propyl paraben, sodium benzoate and potassium sorbate preferably methyl paraben & propyl paraben; and propylene glycol is used as humectant.

15. The semisolid formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the antioxidant is selected from any of BHT, BHA, tocopherol, preferably BHT.

16. The semisolid formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the texture modifier is selected from any of metallic stearates including magnesium stearate or zinc stearate preferably magnesium stearate.

17. The semiochemical based semisolid formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the carbon HBET and mesoporous silica is used as control release agent, UV filter and rheology modifier.

18. The semisolid formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the release pattern of semiochemical is up to eight weeks with efficient mass trapping and controlling female fruit fly and melon fly along with male flies upon application with or without insecticides.

19. The semisolid formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein fruit volatile can be myristyl ether, 2-thujene, (1R) - (+) - αpinene, camphorterpene, sabinene, β -pinene, α -phellandrene, p-cymene, cineole, terpinene, 4-carene, camphor, borneol, terpinen-4-ol, terpineol, or estragole, 3-methylbutanal, 2,3-butanedione, 2,3,5-trimethyl-pyrazin, acetic acid ethenyl ester, 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline and (E,E)-2,4-decadienal or combinations thereof.

20. The semisolid formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the flavouring agents or fruit fragrance can be selected from the fragrance of wine yeast, tuti fruity, mango, guava, pineapple, litchi, melon or any other fruit or combinations thereof.

21. A method for preparation of semisolid emulsion formulation comprises the following steps:
(a) Preparation of dispersed phase :
i. Wax, stearic acid and diluent oil were mixed together at melting temperature of wax – oil blend to obtain molten waxy liquid;
ii. Diluent, antioxidant, and texture modifier were dispersed in the molten waxy liquid under stirring in stepwise manner;
iii. A mixture of silica and Carbon HBET were dispersed in molten waxy mas;
iv. The resulting waxy liquid was allowed to cool up to 60 0 C and then Methyl eugenol, Cuelure either alone or in combination along with a mixture of 3-carene, gama octalactone phagostimulant including primary aliphatic alcohol and fruit volatiles or flavours, were dispersed in the molten waxy liquid;
v. Finally antioxidant is dispersed into the waxy molten mass to prepare dispersed phase;
(b) Preparation of dispersion medium: separate aqueous phase was prepared by mixing aqueous polymer solution and a surfactant blend under stirring at same temperature to the melting temperature of wax –oil blend;
(c) The aqueous phase obtained in step (b) added to the mixture obtained in (a) and mixed at about 2000 rpm using bottom homogeniser and pH adjusted to neutral; and
(d) (d) Humectant/ stabiliser was added along with preservative at a temperature in the range of 60°C to 65°C to obtain the semi-solid emulsion composition and pH is adjusted 6.5 to 7; and
(e) Optionally sugar is dissolved in the pasty mass.

22. The semisolid formulation as claimed in claim 1, wherein the formulation can also be used as sprayable form with water dilution either by air or airless sprayable mechanism.