A preservative is a naturally occurring or synthetic substance that is added to products such as foods, pharmaceuticals, paints, biological samples, wood, etc. to prevent decomposition by microbial growth or by undesirable chemical changes.
Type of preservative
Preservative food additives can be used alone or in conjunction with other methods of food preservation. Preservatives may be antimicrobial preservatives, which inhibit the growth of [fescies]] or fungi, including mold, or antioxidants such as oxygen absorbers, which inhibit the oxidation of food constituents. Common antimicrobial preservatives include calcium propionate, sodium nitrate, sodium nitrite, sulfites (sulfur dioxide, sodium bisulfite, potassium hydrogen sulfite, etc.) and disodium EDTA. Antioxidants include BHA and BHT. Other preservatives include formaldehyde (usually in solution), glutaraldehyde (kills insects), ethanol and methylchloroisothiazolinone. FDA standards do not currently require fruit and vegetable product labels to reflect the type of chemical preservative(s) used on the produce. The benefits and safety of many artificial food additives (including preservatives) are the subject of debate among academics and regulators specializing in food science, toxicology, and biology.
Sodium benzoate is most widely use in juice preservation, Concentration as a preservative is limited by the FDA in the U.S. to 0.1% by weight. The International Programme on Chemical Safety found no adverse effects in humans

at doses of 647-825 mg/kg of body weight per day. Today many juice manufactures uses the Sodium benzoate above the prescribed limit.
Need of my invention:- In combination with other preservatives, sodium benzoate form benzene , a known carcinogen : however the levels are below those considered dangerous for consumption. Heat, light and shelf life can affect the rate at which benzene is formed.
Many scientist claims that sodium benzoate by itself can damage and inactivate vital parts of DNA in a cell's mitochondria. Mitochondria consume oxygen to generate ATP, the body's energy currency. If they are damaged due to disease, the cell malfunctions and may enter apoptosis. There are many illnesses now tied to DNA damage, including Parkinson's and other neurodegenerative diseases, but above all, the aging process in general.
Sodium benzoate is a type of salt that may occur naturally in some foods but is more likely to be chemically produced and added as a preservative to foods. When used as a preservative, sodium benzoate is typically added to foods in small amounts only. If too much is added, food may take on a very bitter taste.
The reason you will note sodium benzoate listed in the ingredients of so many foods is because it works very well at killing bacteria, yeast and fungi. You will most commonly see it used as a preservative in foods with a high acid content,

since sodium benzoate will only work when the pH balance of foods is less than 3.6. It is therefore effective in most sodas, vinegar, fruit juice, and in mixed ingredients like salad dressing. It is additionally used to stop the fermentation process in wines.
Sodium benzoate naturally occurs in several fruits like apples, plums and cranberries. A few sweet spices contain small amounts of sodium benzoate, including cloves and cinnamon. The presence of sodium benzoate in these foods does not necessarily act to preserve them.
You may be able to taste sodium benzoate in foods to which it is added — approximately 75% of people can taste it. People who can taste sodium benzoate can describe it in different ways. Some call it bitter or salty while others think the taste is more on the sweet side. Since many of us drink soft drinks on a regular basis, we are fairly used to tasting this preservative and generally think nothing of it.
Sodium Benzoate Benzoate Preservative Benzoic Acid Sodium Phosphate Cyclamate Sodium Nitrate

There have been some health concerns about the combination of sodium benzoate and ascorbic acid or vitamin C. When the two are mixed, they can form the chemical benzene, which is carcinogenic. However, sodium benzoate on its own is not considered a carcinogen, and you would have to consume a huge amount of it in order to have toxic levels in your body. In mice studies where the animals were fed sodium benzoate, no adverse effects were reported, and the mice's life expectancies were not shortened, nor was their health affected in any way.
The same cannot be said of benzene, which researchers now show has the ability to affect mitochondria in cells and cause cell death. Scientists have called for the US Food and Drug Administration to retest the potential dangers of sodium benzoate and citric acid in soft drinks, because the tests proving its safety are quite old. In the interim, it may just be a good idea to at least cut down on the amount of soft drinks you consume, and especially to limit soft drink consumption for kids
Till the date no one has proposed the detection of preservative in juice, water milk and other liquid food items by simple test strips. Test strips work on the basic principle of group tests and estimate the amount of preservative concentration in juice, water milk and other liquid food items outside the laboratory premises. The inventor first time introducing the novel use of some chemicals and reagents for the detection of preservative contents in juice, water milk and other liquid food items for screening purposes at home. The test by strip is very simple and can be used by the layman person.
Detection of preservative is the dire necessity by which the public may be assured that the in juice, water milk and other liquid food items they are consuming does not contains excess amount of preservative, which is responsible for many diseases.

Research published in 2007 for the UK's Food Standards Agency (FSA) suggests that certain artificial colours, when paired with sodium benzoate (E211) may be linked to hyperactive behaviour. The results were inconsistent regarding sodium benzoate, so the FSA recommended further study.
Professor Jim Stevenson from Southampton University, and author of the report, said: "This has been a major study investigating an important area of research. The results suggest that consumption of certain mixtures of artificial food colours and sodium benzoate preservative are associated with increases in hyperactive behaviour in children. However, parents should not think that simply taking these additives out of food will prevent hyperactive disorders. We know that many other influences are at work but this at least is one a child can avoid."[
The present invention relates to "A novel test strip which enables spot test for the detection and identification of preservative at home within a few minutes.
The focus of the invention is to highlight the value of the preservative test for the detection of excess amount of preservative in liquid food items. In the present boom of nutrition by juice and drinks the alarming and emerging problem is the mixing of excess amount of sodium benzoate. Consumer has no option for the determination of the amount of preservative in his food stuff. Present invention provides the simple and robust test strips for the quantitative determination of sodium benzoate preservative in liquid food stuff.

A blue to pink color is produced by adding the drop of juice according to the preservative amount present in juice. This color reaction is due to the intermediate formation of nitroso-benzene, which functions as a hydrogen acceptor toward N,N'-diphenylbenzidine and brings about the oxidation of the base to a blue p-quinoid compound.
The color reaction occurs also with phenoxy compounds (aliphatic and aromatic phenyl ethers and phenyl esters of carboxylic acids) which are cleaved hydrolytically by concentrated sulfuric acid to give phenol. The reaction is given likewise by o- and p-phenyl-phenol for the same reason.
Since an analogous reaction has as yet been observed only in the case of o-cresol, the color reaction seems to be characteristic for the phenoxy group. Microanalytical limits of identification are obtained within the spot test analysis technique.
benzoic acid + NaOH ---> water + sodium benzoate HC7H5O2(aq) + NaOH(aq) ---> H2O(l) + NaC7H5O2

(Figure Removed)
FIG. 1 shows the color change in various concentrations of preservative in juice .fig.l shows that drop of various concentration of preservative solution change the color from the strips.

CLAMS
What is claimed is:
1. A test strip for the qualitative detection of sodium benzoate in milk, juice water, drinks and other beverage.
2. The test strip according to claim 1 can be used for the detection of the sodium benzoate in milk, juice water, drinks and other beverage at home by simple drop method.
3. The test strip according to claim 2 is small and can be used anywhere for the detection of preservative in any liquid food stuffs.
4. The test strip for the qualitative detection of other benzene preservative in milk, juice water, drinks and other beverage according to claim 3 comprising the strip coated with the three solution which is common for all the benzoate and benzoic acid preservatives and produces the specific color reaction in the Elevated levels of preservative.