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A Plant For Pyrolysis Of Waste Plastic

Abstract: The present invention is related to a plant for thermal pyrolysis comprising raw material as waste plastic, reactor for thermal pyrolysis wherein plastic is converted into hot vapors, Hot vapors are cooled down into the second part of the plant condenser wherein vapors are cooled by the cooling effect and is passed to the separator wherein vapors are separated into fuel gas and oil. Fuel gas is stored in the gas collection system to be further used as Fuel in the LPG burner.

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Patent Information

Application #
Filing Date
28 November 2019
Publication Number
36/2021
Publication Type
INA
Invention Field
CHEMICAL
Status
Email
ROHITJAINIPR@GMAIL.COM
Parent Application

Applicants

INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY
NORTH EXTENSION, MIA, ALWAR, RAJASTHAN

Inventors

1. ABHISHEK MUKHIJA S/O R. K. MUKHIJA
IET CAMPUS, NORTH EXTENSION, MIA, ALWAR, RAJASTHAN
2. RAJENDRA KUMAR SHARMA S/O MANGAL RAM SHARMA
IET CAMPUS, NORTH EXTENSION, MIA, ALWAR, RAJASTHAN

Claims

1. A Plant (100) for pyrolysis of waste plastic comprising Reactor (110) for thermal pyrolysis, Condensing unit (120), Separator (130) and Gas collection system (140), wherein every component are connected with each other through plurality of pipelines made from steel, with all assembly; Reactor (110) is further connected with Temperature sensor, temperature display unit, Pressure Control valve, pressure gauge and LPG burner; condensing unit (120) comprising sprinkler, water tank and motor; Separator (130) comprising two chambers for collecting each for fuel oil and fuel gas respectively; Gas collection system (140) comprising gas filtration tank, Fuel gas storage tank, suction pump to collect gas to storage tank and supply system, gas as a input to burner for self sustaining system;

2. A Plant for pyrolysis of waste plastic as claimed in claim 1 wherein Reactor (110) consists of a single inlet for plastic feed at anterior side, an outlet for liquid residue at posterior side, an outlet for solid residues below the inlet for plastic feed.

3. A Plant for pyrolysis of waste plastic as claimed in claim 2 wherein Reactor (110) consists of an assembly comprising Temperature sensor, temperature display unit, Pressure Control valve, pressure gauge and LPG burner;

4. A Plant for pyrolysis of waste plastic as claimed in claim 1 wherein condensing unit (120) comprises, water tank containing pipelines for passing heated vapors coming from the Reactor (110) for cooling; sprinkler above the water tank for providing cooling effect; water reservoir below the water tank and motor for the water supply;

5. A Plant for pyrolysis of waste plastic as claimed in claim 1 wherein Separator (130) is a cylindrical tank, but not limiting to the cylindrical shape, consists of two chambers for collecting each for fuel oil and fuel gas respectively;

6. A Plant for pyrolysis of waste plastic as claimed in claim 1 wherein Gas collection system (140) comprises gas filtration tank, Fuel gas storage tank, suction pump to collect gas to storage tank;

7. A Plant for pyrolysis of waste plastic substantially as herein before described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Specification

The present invention relates to a plant for plastic pyrolysis and more particularly a plant for conversion of waste plastics into reusable fuels and maximize oil yield and minimize the requirements of catalyst consumption.

Prior Art:
WO2020198890 discloses a device (100) for manufacturing pyrolysis oils, advantageously installed in at least one standard container. It comprises, in its initial phase, a pyrolysis Reactor (110) (10) for treating, during a first step, via cracking, raw materials comprising plastic waste and/or rubber products. After said Reactor (110) (10), the device (100) is equipped with a dechlorination tank (20) to remove the chlorine-based products, and various pieces of equipment for separating the water from the pyrolyzed oil produced by the cracking, heat exchanger devices for condensing the pyrolysis gases to give pyrolyzed oil and finally a device for purifying the oils following a temperature rise by heating in the absence of oxygen, making it possible to produce a purified pyrolyzed oil, substantially equivalent to diesel-type fuel, that can be used by internal combustion engines referred to as diesel engines.

Background of the Invention:
The total amount of plastic waste is increasing every year. However, most plastics cannot rapidly degrade in a landfill and thus, become a major waste in garbage. Moreover, it is not environmentally friendly to dispose plastic waste by incineration, which leads to carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gas emissions even though incineration can generate energy. Moreover, incineration of plastics still has some drawbacks, such as high capital and maintenance cost. An alternative plant to decompose plastic waste to generate energy and useful gaseous products is gasification. However, a conventional gasification plant releases tars, heavy metals, halogens and alkaline compounds etc., and causes environmental problems. Another effort to utilize plastic waste, which seems to be promising, is the pyrolysis of plastic waste, resulting in a mixture of hydrocarbons of heavy oils and olefins.

Pyrolysis is process of thermal degradation of big particle compounds without other chemical raw materials. The plant does not create ashes but only low carbonization - low calorie, highshed fuel or additive used in building industry. Construction of new waste plastic pyrolysis devices requires high investments, due to sophisticated Reactor (110) construction as well as flue gases cleaning and condensing system.

The present invention is a plant for pyrolysis of the waste plastic which will help in increasing the oil yield from the plastic waste through thermal plastic pyrolysis without using any external catalyst.

Objectives of the Invention:
The principal object of the present invention is to provide a plant of plastic depolymerization to enhance the yield of industrial fuel.
Further another object of the invention is to provide a plant of plastic depolymerization to yield oil without using any catalyst.
Further another object of the invention is to provide a plant of plastic depolymerization to yield oil which is more economic.
Further another object of the invention is to provide a plant of plastic recycling for a mixed waste plastic.

Significance of the Invention:
The main significance of the present invention is to provide a plant of plastic depolymerization which is ecofriendly and a permanent solution to waste plastic.

Another significance of the present invention is to provide a plant of plastic depolymerization to yield oil without using any catalyst and a sustainable plant.

Another significance of the present invention is to provide a plant of plastic depolymerization that is cost effective.
Another significance of the present invention is to provide waste to wealth technology.

Summary of the invention:
The present invention is related to the plant for waste plastic pyrolysis comprising but not limiting to the Reactor (110) assembly, Condensing unit (120), Separator (130) and Gas collection system (140), wherein every part of the plant are connected to each other through plurality of the pipes.
The raw material comprising waste plastic is initially broken into small pieces for granulation. Afterwards the raw material is feeded into the Reactor (110) for pyrolysis. Inside Reactor (110) heated vapors are generated which are then passed to the condensing unit (120) for cooling down and then the vapors are passed to the next section Separator (130) that separates the vapors into fuel gas and oil.

Detailed Description of the Invention:
The terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a plant or plant that comprises a list of steps does not include only those steps but may include other steps not expressly listed or inherent to such a plant or plant. Similarly, one or more devices or sub-systems or elements or structures or components preceded by "comprises... a" does not, without more constraints, preclude the existence of other devices, sub-systems, elements, structures, components, additional devices, additional sub-systems, additional elements, additional structures or additional components. Appearances of the phrase “in an embodiment”, “in another embodiment” and similar language throughout this specification may, but not necessarily do, all refer to the same embodiment.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this invention belongs. The system, plants, and examples provided herein are only illustrative and not intended to be limiting.

Brief description of the drawings:
Figure 1: Illustrates the complete overview of the thermal pyrolysis plant in different views.
Figure 2: Illustrates the Reactor (110) assembly of the plant
Figure 3: Illustrates the Condenser of the plant
Figure 4: Illustrates the Separator (130) unit of the plant
Figure 5: Illustrates the Gas collection system (140)

The present invention is related to a plant for thermal pyrolysis of plastics comprising but not limiting to the Reactor (110) for thermal pyrolysis, Condensing unit (120), Separator (130) and Gas collection system (140), wherein every component are connected with each other through plurality of pipelines made from steel, with all assembly; Reactor (110) is further connected with Temperature sensor, temperature display unit, Pressure Control valve, pressure gauge and LPG burner; condensing unit (120) comprising sprinkler, water tank and motor; Separator (130) comprising two chambers for collecting each for fuel oil and fuel gas respectively; Gas collection system (140) comprising gas filtration tank, Fuel gas storage tank, suction pump to collect gas to storage tank and supply system, gas as a input to burner for self sustaining system.

The raw material waste plastic is first of all procured and broken into small pieces with the help of shredder that cut plastic into smaller pieces for granulation.
The shredded plastic is then fed into the Reactor (110) which is a first section of the plant consisting of a single inlet for plastic feed at anterior side, an outlet for liquid residue at posterior side, an outlet for solid residues below the inlet for plastic feed. The shredded plastic is poured into the Reactor (110) through inlet for plastic feed along with self pyrolytic oil.
Reactor (110) is equipped with an LPG burner for heating the Reactor (110) upto 400-600oC. Temperature is controlled with the help of temperature sensor. Temperature display unit shows the current temperature of the Reactor (110).
The next section of the plant is equipped with the condensing unit (120). Condensing unit (120) is a heat exchanger in which water is circulating in the outer jacket and absorbs heat from vapour. Condenser unit comprises water sprinkler above the water tank, water tank containing the pipelines wherein heated vapours pass through the water tank, water reservoir situated below the water tank, and motor situated below the condensing unit (120) for providing water supply to the system. The vapours formed in the Reactor (110) comes in the water tank through the pipelines passing through the water tank. The water sprinkler then sprinkles the water on the water tank containing the heated vapors for cooling down the vapours.
The next section of the plant is equipped with the Separator (130) connected with the condensing unit (120) through plurality of pipelines. The cooled vapors reaches the Separator (130) that separates the vapors into fuel gas and pyrolytic oil. Separator (130) contains two separate chambers for storing fuel gas and pyrolytic oil separately.
The next section of the plant is equipped with the Gas collection system (140) connected with the Separator (130) through plurality of pipelines. Gas collection system (140) consists of Gas filtration tank, suction pump to collect gas to storage tank, Gas storage tank and fuel supply system for self sustaining.
The gas collected in the Separator (130) passes to the gas filtration tank and then stored in the gas storage tank to be further used as fuel in the LPG burner.

CLAIMS:We claim:
1. A Plant (100) for pyrolysis of waste plastic comprising Reactor (110) for thermal pyrolysis, Condensing unit (120), Separator (130) and Gas collection system (140), wherein every component are connected with each other through plurality of pipelines made from steel, with all assembly; Reactor (110) is further connected with Temperature sensor, temperature display unit, Pressure Control valve, pressure gauge and LPG burner; condensing unit (120) comprising sprinkler, water tank and motor; Separator (130) comprising two chambers for collecting each for fuel oil and fuel gas respectively; Gas collection system (140) comprising gas filtration tank, Fuel gas storage tank, suction pump to collect gas to storage tank and supply system, gas as a input to burner for self sustaining system;

2. A Plant for pyrolysis of waste plastic as claimed in claim 1 wherein Reactor (110) consists of a single inlet for plastic feed at anterior side, an outlet for liquid residue at posterior side, an outlet for solid residues below the inlet for plastic feed.

3. A Plant for pyrolysis of waste plastic as claimed in claim 2 wherein Reactor (110) consists of an assembly comprising Temperature sensor, temperature display unit, Pressure Control valve, pressure gauge and LPG burner;

4. A Plant for pyrolysis of waste plastic as claimed in claim 1 wherein condensing unit (120) comprises, water tank containing pipelines for passing heated vapors coming from the Reactor (110) for cooling; sprinkler above the water tank for providing cooling effect; water reservoir below the water tank and motor for the water supply;
5. A Plant for pyrolysis of waste plastic as claimed in claim 1 wherein Separator (130) is a cylindrical tank, but not limiting to the cylindrical shape, consists of two chambers for collecting each for fuel oil and fuel gas respectively;

6. A Plant for pyrolysis of waste plastic as claimed in claim 1 wherein Gas collection system (140) comprises gas filtration tank, Fuel gas storage tank, suction pump to collect gas to storage tank;

7. A Plant for pyrolysis of waste plastic substantially as herein before described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Documents

Application Documents

# Name Date
1 201911048947-STATEMENT OF UNDERTAKING (FORM 3) [28-11-2019(online)].pdf 2019-11-28
2 201911048947-PROVISIONAL SPECIFICATION [28-11-2019(online)].pdf 2019-11-28
3 201911048947-POWER OF AUTHORITY [28-11-2019(online)].pdf 2019-11-28
4 201911048947-FORM 1 [28-11-2019(online)].pdf 2019-11-28
5 201911048947-COMPLETE SPECIFICATION [27-11-2020(online)].pdf 2020-11-27