Claims:WE CLAIM :
1. A system for printing using solar lithography technique where the UV light of a desired wavelength is obtained from the sun directly in the form of solar radiation where the system consists of;
Solar collector;
Solar tracker;
UV filter;
PV Cell;
Concentrator;
Optical fiber;
CNC controller;
Leveller;
Photo initiator.
2. The system for printing as claimed in claim – 1, has a solar tracker which is used to get the radiations of the sun always in a normal direction to the surface of the collector.
3. The system for printing as claimed in claim – 1, to obtain the desired wavelength of the sunlight, a filter is used and the unfiltered radiations are used to get the photovoltaic energy.
4. The system for printing as claimed in claim – 1, the solar radiations are concentrated using an optical lens to get a desired radiation density.
5. The system for printing as claimed in claim – 1, the radiations obtained from the source with the help of collector is transferred to the desired location, where the polymerization reaction occurs.
6. The system for printing as claimed in claim – 1, polymerization is carried out in a reaction chamber with high efficacy and then followed by a 3-dimensional printing of desired polymer in the presence of sunlight
7. The system for printing as claimed in claim – 1, the radiations are converted to the electric power by the PV cells and electricity generated will be utilized to operate the working of the system. , Description:FIELD OF INVENTION

[0001] This invention relates to the field of electronics engineering more particularly Stereolithography and Direct Light Printing. Here an apparatus is designed for printing where the UV light of a desired wavelength is obtained from the sun directly in the form of solar radiation. The polymerization will be carried out in a reaction chamber with high efficacy and then followed by a 3-dimensional printing of desired polymer in the presence of sunlight. In addition, the machine for deposition is also operated with the help of the PV solar power.

PRIOR ART AND PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED

[0002] A lithographic apparatus is a machine that applies a desired pattern onto a target portion of a substrate. It is desirable to reduce the size of features in a lithographic pattern because this allows for a greater density of features on a given substrate area. In photolithography, the increased resolution may be achieved by using radiation of shorter wavelength. However, there are problems associated with such reductions. Current systems are starting to adopt optical sources with wavelengths in the 193 nm regime but even at this level, diffraction limitations become a barrier. At lower wavelengths, the transparency of materials is very poor. Optical lithography machines capable of enhanced resolutions require complex optics and rare materials and are consequently very expensive. The resolution of imprint lithography is limited only by the resolution of the template fabrication process. For instance, imprint lithography may be used to produce features in the sub-50 nm range with significantly improved resolution and line edge roughness compared to that achievable with conventional optical lithography processes. In addition, imprint processes do not require expensive optics, advanced illumination sources or specialized resist materials typically required by optical lithography processes. However, significant improvement in resolution and line edge roughness attainable from lithography is a strong driver for addressing those and other problems.

[0003] To resolve the above problem here a system is designed with the capability of printing using the UV light of designed wavelength obtained from the sun. The polymerization will be carried out in a reaction chamber with high efficacy and then followed by a 3-dimensional printing of desired polymer in the presence of sunlight. Solar radiations are incident on the solar collector. These radiations are converted to the electric power by the PV cells and electricity generated electricity will be utilized to operate the system.

THE OBJECTIVES OF THE INVENTION:

[0004] Lithography techniques are currently used to make most microelectronic devices. However, it is believed that these methods are reaching their limits in resolution. Sub-micron scale lithography has been a critical process in the microelectronics industry.

[0005] The principal objective of the invention is a design of a system for a solar based lithographic technique for printing purpose.

[0006] Another objective of the invention is the use of UV light of a desired wavelength from the sun directly in the form of solar radiation for the purpose of lithography.

[0007] The further objective of the invention is the polymerization process that will be carried out in a reaction chamber with high efficacy and then followed by a 3-dimensional printing of desired polymer in the presence of sunlight.

[0008] The further objective of the invention is the use of PV solar power for the working of the apparatus.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0009] Nanoimprint lithography is one of the techniques that have been used to create large area of nanopatterns. This technique is versatile but is limited when fabricating certain patterns, such as isolated metal islands, on a delicate surface where pressure and physical compression need to be kept minimal. Laser interferometry is another way to create large area of nanopatterns. The technique requires mirrors and other optics with large scale to be able to produce large areas of nanopatterns, which can be cumbersome and expensive. Photolithography is a traditional way to make large areas of patterns of larger than wavelength scale. Due to the light scattering effect (or diffraction limit effect), photolithography has not been able to make patterns of sub-wavelength scale. Here a system is designed for printing where the UV light of a desired wavelength is obtained from the sun directly in the form of solar radiation. The polymerization will be carried out in a reaction chamber with high efficacy and then followed by a 3-dimensional printing of desired polymer in the presence of sunlight. In addition, the machine for deposition is also operated with the help of the PV solar power.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0010] While the present invention is described herein by way of example, using various embodiments and illustrative drawings, those skilled in the art will recognize that the invention is neither intended to be limited to the embodiment of drawing or drawings described nor designed to represent the scale of the various components. Further, some components that may form a part of the invention may not be illustrated with specific figures, for ease of illustration, and such omissions do not limit the embodiment outlined in any way. The drawings and detailed description of it are not intended to restrict the invention to the form disclosed, but on the contrary, the invention covers all modification/s, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present invention as defined by the appended claims. The headings are used for organizational purposes only and are not meant to limit the scope of the description or the claims. As used throughout this specification, the worn "may" be used in a permissive sense (i.e., meaning having the potential to), rather than the mandatory sense (i.e., meaning, must).

[0011] Further, the words "an" or "a" mean "at least one” and the worn “plurality” means one or more unless otherwise mentioned. Furthermore, the terminology and phraseology used herein is solely used for descriptive purposes and should not be construed as limiting in scope. Language such as "including," "comprising," "having," "containing," or "involving," and variations thereof, is intended to be broad and encompass the subject matter listed thereafter, equivalents and any additional subject matter not recited, and is not supposed to exclude any other additives, components, integers or steps. Likewise, the term "comprising" is considered synonymous with the terms "including" or "containing" for applicable legal purposes. Any discussion of documents acts, materials, devices, articles and the like are included in the specification solely to provide a context for the present invention.

[0012] In this disclosure, whenever an element or a group of elements is preceded with the transitional phrase "comprising", it is also understood that it contemplates the same element or group of elements with transitional phrases "consisting essentially of, "consisting", "selected from the group comprising”, "including", or "is" preceding the recitation of the element or group of elements and vice versa.

[0013] Before explaining at least one embodiment of the invention in detail, it is to be understood that the present invention is not limited in its application to the details outlined in the following description or exemplified by the examples. The invention is capable of other embodiments or of being practiced or carried out in various ways. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein is for description and should not be regarded as limiting.

[0014] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention belongs. Besides, the descriptions, materials, methods, and examples are illustrative only and not intended to be limiting. Methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein can be used in the practice or testing of the present invention.

[0015] The present invention consists of a system for printing using solar lithography technique where the UV light of a desired wavelength is obtained from the sun directly in the form of solar radiation. The polymerization will be carried out in a reaction chamber with high efficacy and then followed by a 3-dimensional printing of desired polymer in the presence of sunlight.

[0016] Here the system consists of Solar collector, Solar tracker, UV filter, PV Cell, Concentrator, Optical fiber, CNC controller, Leveler, Photo initiator. The Solar collector is a flat transparent plate with maximum transmittivity, low reflectivity, and low absorptivity. The system has a solar tracker which is used to get the radiations of the sun always in a normal direction to the surface of the collector. As the Earth rotate the sun radiations continuously change their direction, a mechanism is attached at the bottom of the assembly of solar collector, which continuously orients as per the direction of the sun so as to obtain maximum sun light.

[0017] To obtain the desired wavelength of the sunlight, a filter is used. The unfiltered radiations are used to get the photovoltaic energy. The electric energy obtained from the PV cell is stored in the battery for it to be used to drive the machine. The solar radiations are concentrated using an optical lens to get a desired radiation density.

[0018] The radiations obtained from the source with the help of collector are transferred to the desired location, where the polymerization reaction is occurring. The optical fiber cable gives flexibility in transmitting the light radiations at the same instance it helps in least loss of the solar power. The CNC controller is used to control the relative positioning of moving parts. With the help of which we will ably position the radiation incidence location on the monomer

[0019] The monomer being in a liquid form is having flowability. A particular viscosity of the monomer determines its ability to get spread in a horizontal plane. Once the liquid leveler is moved over the surface of the monomer, the monomer level gets settled uniformly in the horizontal plane. The photo initiator is used to capture the UV radiations and initiate the polymerization reaction.

[0020] The system has energy meter or solar intensity meter to measure the exact radiation incident on the solar collector. In addition, it has a digital display to indicate the amount of solar radiations incident on the system.

[0021] So here in the system solar radiations are incident on the solar collector. These radiations are converted to the electric power by the PV cells and electricity generated will be utilized to operate the working of the system. Some of the radiations are passed through the UV filter allowing only light of 479 ?m wavelength to pass through it.

[0022] Solar radiation is observed using spectral response meter to check frequency response of solar power at different time and days. The radiation frequency is dominated with power obtained from the sample using optical fiber. Alternately, solar energy of particular frequency like the UV radiation is filter out from the solar radiation and is taken to the sample using optical fiber. To obtain maximum solar output in a single or double tracking system that is used with some suitable arrangements. In this system energy meter or solar intensity meter is used to measure the exact radiation incident on the solar collector. A digital display is provided to indicate the amount of solar radiations incident on the system.

[0023] The system has a CNC controller that is used to control the relative positioning of moving parts. With the help of CNC Controller, the position of the radiation’s incident location on the monomer is detected. The solution of monomer, can be made in relevant solvent which commonly used for the stereolithography (SLA) techniques. After photoinitiations addition will followed by irradiate with the UV radiations (from sun) which initiates a polymerization, to convert in a thin layer monomer. The UV radiations initiates a polymerization reaction by absorbing heat energy sufficient enough for the chemical reaction to occur.

[0024] In case of photocuring material, by using UV radiation the polymerization without photo initiator method will be useful for UV irradiation curing of important polymers such as epoxy resin. Method will be based on the photopolymerization using solar radiation, in which the technique utilizes sustainable green energy approach for the SLA techniques. Electricity generated by PV cell is utilized to run SLA operation. Polymer obtained by this method, is formed layer by layer using SLA techniques that is useful in many applications.
[0025] The electrical conversion of solar energy is possible with PV solar cell. It has one power converter for the fulfillment of power requirement of the machine. For MPP tracking, an assembly is used with motor & its converter to rotate PV solar panel as earth rotates.

[0026] While there has been illustrated and described embodiments of the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, to be understood that various changes may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present invention, modifications, substitutions and modifications, the scope of the invention being indicated by the appended claims and their equivalents.

FIGURE DESCRIPTION

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this disclosure, illustrate an exemplary embodiment and, together with the description, explain the disclosed embodiment. In the figures, the left and rightmost digit(s) of a reference number identifies the figure in which the reference number first appears. The same numbers are used throughout the figures to reference like features and components. Some embodiments of the system and methods of an embodiment of the present subject matter are now described, by way of example only, and concerning the accompanying figures, in which:

[0028] Figure – 1 illustrates the diagrammatic detailed of a Solar Lithographic apparatus consisting of solar collector (01) on which the Solar radiation (06) is incident. A Solar concentrator (02), Solar tracker (03), Optic Fiber (04) and a 3D Fabricator (05).