COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
A PROCESS FOR GETTING CATECHU(KATTHA) FROM CASHEW TESTA.
Asaar Nath and Dr. (Smt)Anlal i Jain , M/S Tan &. Tan"MAHENDRA BHAWAN 1st floor,pili kothi road,REWA (M.P.)-486001
Both Indian by nationality.
The following specification particularly describes and ascertain the nature of this invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.
This invention related to the production ot CATECHU (Kattha) from the testa covering cashew kernals obtain from the dried seeds of Anacardium occidentals Linn,
The cashew-nut (Ka 1u> t reefAnacardiUiB occidental e
Jinn. ,fas> Ar^st^f$i3P£:4Sl is vmti¥i~ t.ft T'ftttiiP.&l As^fi-PS tfQM Mexico to Peru and Brazil, and has been introduced in various parts ot the worId,including Africa,Malayasia,Indonesia,Burma ,Sr ilanka.
In India it was introduced some 400 years back, by the Portuguese,on the west cost of India (Wealth of india,Raw Materials, 1 i70£1948>probably in GoaL,froom whear it has been taken to other hot and moist parts of the country,especially nearer the sea coast.
At present, the bulk of cashew plantation(over 70%) is concentration on the West Cost of India,in state of {Cera la, Karnataka, goa, and Maharastra(District Ratnagiri),and less then 30% on the East Cost .in Andhra Pradesh and Tamil Nadu,and only some in 0rissa,West Bengal and AssamCWealth of India Ioc,ci t).
The CASHEW-NUT tree is small and ever green,and begins fruitins at an early age.The fruit proper is anut,2.5 to 5.0 cm.long and about 2.0 cm. broad,seated ona much enlarged pyriform fleshy receptacle about 10.0 cm. The kidney shaped nut has a slightly fleshy epicarp full ot anacrid oil.Inside the epicarp lies the kidney-shaped pale-white kernal covered over by a thin brown adherent testa.
The kernel constitutes the well know edible dry fruit "kalu" which is much in demand in America and Europe.
In India.the processing of the raw nut is done in small factories located in most of the states where the tree is grown,but the factoories ate concentrated at Qui Ion in kerala and Plasa in Andhra Pradesh,
During processing the raw nut is rested,and after-cooling, the hard epicarp is carefully broken open to take out the seed proper.After drying it in an oven at a low tempperature,when the testa gets loosened,the kernels are separated out,graded and arketed.
For every lOOKq.oi "kalu" kernels obtained,12 Kg.of the brown testa are obtained Cwea I th ot India,lac.cit). At the present time, several million tonnes of "kalu" is obtain every year,so ma.ny thousand tonnes of the testa is obtained.
The main object of the present invention ,therefore was to get CATECHU (Kattha) from Cashew nut testa alone,which should be as good as Catechu(Kattha) of "Khair tree"(Acacia catechu) l.S. : 435.9- 1967.
Tili i.948 no one know that it contain any
Catechin/tannin, It was oniy in 1965 that S.Kantamani
reported (Leather science 12; 396-338) that the Testa contains D-catechin,(Catechin is the main ingadiant ot Catechu/Kattha.).
It has been found according to the invention that CateohuUeattha) useful! tor production ot Panmasala ,Ayurvedic and Unani medieianal prepration,Natura1 co1 our,chewing of pan and in other several domestic uses.could be extracted from the testa ot the seed.
The sain finding underlying the present invention is that if Cashew-nut testa is boiled in water- ot shokedin hot water at 90-95 C for 10--24 hours almost all the catechin and tannin present in the testa is extracted out.
The extract produced were concentrated in open
concentrating pan to a density ot 1.175-1.250 at 90 C. The
concentrated extract was transfered to a small container and left
for 5-10 days at normal temprature to crystal ise.wel1 defined
crystals of kattha,brownish white in colour.were obtained from
the extracts.The crystalline mass ot katttha was carefully
filtered using vaccum filter to remove as much as of the mother
liquor as possible which is collected for production of tannin
extract contained therein. The semi -dry crystalline mass of
kattha obtained after fiItration spread uniformly overa
tableting device and cut in to tablets of 5 sq. cm size by means of a wire cutter. The tablets were dried initially in a shed and finally in an oven at 40 c.This brownish white tablets prodduced from aqueos extract of cashew testa. contain 30% or above catechin contain is called AN-Catechu contermine I.S.:4359-1967.
The mother liquor containing tannin were concentrated in pan to form solid mass, called An-tan.
The sample at kattha were analysed for thair phyico-cheroleal characteristics following usual methods. The reselts of analysis are given as under.
RESULTS OF ANALYSIS
Refrence to protocol : I . S. : 435.9-1.967
Description : Dark brown cake.
LIMIT
Lower Upper
* Loss on drying :- 11.92.9 * w/w -- 12.0 % w/w
* Catechin contain .* - 68.690 % w/w 30% w/w
* Insoubles in boiling
water :- 0.6307 % w/w .... 7.50 % w/w
* Matter insoluble in
CH3 OH :- 17.843 % W/W 25,00 % W/W
* Total ash .♦- 3.480 % w/w .... 3.50 * w/w
* Acid Insouble ash ;- 0.222 X w/w .... 0.50 % w/w
The following example will make the process clear.*
10 kg of cashew testa are weighted in acopper vassel and Impregnated with 50 kg of water. The vessel is heated oveer a fire place place stirring occasional ly, with road. The whole is brought to bolland kept atboillng point atleast 30 mlnits.after 5-6 hours liquid is drained from vessels and residue well pressed in mechanical press .return the residue in vessels and boiled again with addition of 30 kg of water,and arained again as above.The processls repeated with same of water for 3rd time.The whole extract is evaporated to density at 20 Be . Theconcentrated extract is transfer to a small containere and left over for period of 5-7 days at normal temprature to ctistalise.We 11 defined crystal of kattha. .brownish white in colour,were oobtain from extracts,the crystaline mass of kattha carefully filtered using filter device to remove as much of the mother liquor as posibble which is collected for the recovery of tannin extract contained therein. The semi dry filtered mass(Iugdi) of kattha carefully transfer uniformly over filter cloth and press in hydro!Ic press to remove mother liquor. The semi dry kattha mass spread uniformly over tabulating device and cut into tablets of 5 sq cm size.The tablets were dried in drying cheraber at 5-10 C and finally in an shed at room temprature.
The mother liquor containing tannin were separetelv concentrated in concentration pan at solid stage.
In this way about 250 gm drak brown cake of kattha and 1000 gm solid tannin obtain.the percentage of catechlnin above kattha is 67% which is higher then kattha of khalr trees.
The main advantage of the present invention are to produced a good kattha as good as kattha of khair trees(Acacia Catechu). There is higher veiled about 30% total solid on tthe dry weight of cashew testa, the raw material being abundent ableable in the country.lt is hope that it can easily replace the kattha of khair trees, which is produced from stem of trees and thus save deforestation.

We CLAIMS:
1. A process to obtain KATTHA(CATECHU)from Cashew-Nut testa in which the testa is extracted by water.
2. A process to obtain KATTHA(CATECHU) or Catechin from Cashew-Nut testa. in which teesta is extractedby means of water,etheno1,ethyle acetate,acetone or- similar Alcohal.
3. A ovocess as claimed in claim 1 and 2 wherein the extraction is effected by means of a mixture of sol vents,such as water ethenol mixture , ro any other solvents mixture.
4. Process as claim in procedind claims wherein the extraction ot kattha(Catechu) materials from testa is carried out with any of the solvents mentioned at any temperatures ranging from 15 C to 100 C.
5. Process asclaims in 1 to 4 wherein solvent extraction of kattha/catechu or catechin from cashew testa is carried out at any pressures ranging from 1 atmosphere to 15 atmospheres.
6. process as claimed in the proceding claims wherein the dilute extract obtained from cashew test by any ot the solvent or mixture of solvents, is concentraded at higher-percentage of solid contained.
7. A process as claimed in 6 wherein concentrated extract obtain is left for crystalization at any tempperatures.
8. A process as claimed in 1 to 7 wherein crystalIze mass is filtered with of without using any filter device to seprate kattha or catechin from mother liquor.
.9. A process as claimed in 1 to 8 wherein semidry mass of kattha obtained after filteration is cut in to tablets of any size with or without using ta.bleting machine.

10- A process as claimed in 1 to 9 wherein tablets produced dry in shed or drying chember at any temperatures,
Dated Rewa this 20th day of deceraber 1996