Description:FIELD OF THE INVENTION
[001] The present invention relates to a frame assembly for a vehicle. More particularly, the present invention relates to a rear frame assembly for a two-wheeled or three wheeled vehicle.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[002] Two-wheeled or three wheeled vehicles are one of the most prevalent category among motor vehicles having a vast demand across the globe. Generally, a frame assembly is a key essential part for the two-wheeled or three wheeled vehicle which acts as a skeleton and/or a structural member for the vehicle and is primarily responsible for supporting the vehicle loads. The frame assembly extends rearwards from a head tube towards a rear portion of the vehicle.
[003] In existing configuration of the frame assembly, the frame assembly is formed of tubular hollow metal pipes. The frame assembly generally includes a front portion and a rear portion. The front portion of the frame assembly supportably connects the front wheel through one or more front suspension(s). Further, an internal combustion engine assembly is also mounted to the front portion of the frame assembly of the vehicle. The engine assembly is operably connected to a rear wheel and provides a forward motion to the vehicle. The rear portion of the frame assembly supportably attached to the rear wheel through a combination of swing arm and one or more rear suspension(s). The rear portion of the frame assembly includes seat rails for mounting a vehicle seat. A usual approach to attach the front portion with the rear portion of the frame assembly is by way of a welding process or fastening means. It has been observed that due to existing configuration of the rear portion, the rear portion is not properly mounted to the front portion.
[004] Conventionally, the rear portion of the frame assembly includes a structure primarily constituted of seat rails, down frame members, strut and/or reinforcement members which are joined with each other via welding or fastening means to form a frame structure of the rear portion. It has been observed that a large number of welding parts and/or fasteners are required to firstly integrate the frame structure of the rear portion and secondly providing mounting provisions to the frame structure for mounting a rider and/or pillion seat, the rear suspension, a rear fender, or tail parts etc. Such integration of the frame structure of the rear portion increases manufacturing time and complexities and also increases the overall weight of the vehicle. Further, it has also been observed that welding large number of components tends to reduce the frame strength and also requires more time in fabrication or finishing of the welded parts which consequently increases the assembly time. Furthermore, there are many challenges which lies in integrating the structure as it increases the overall cost to weight ratio due to its complexities in manufacturing the frame structure. Moreover, it is a great challenge in achieving the desired aesthetic requirements of the vehicle without compromising on the requisite strength and stress parameters of the frame structure.
[005] In view of the foregoing, there is a need to provide a saddle-type vehicle having a rear frame structure which overcomes at least the above-mentioned disadvantages.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[006] In one aspect of the invention, a rear frame assembly for a two-wheeled vehicle is disclosed. The rear frame assembly includes a pair of left and right seat rails. The pair of left and right seat rails is configured to extend along a front-rear direction of the vehicle. The rear frame assembly includes a plurality of cross members. The plurality of cross members is configured to extend in a vehicle width direction between the pair of left and right seat rails. Each of the pair of left and right seat rails includes a first portion and a second portion. The first portion is split into an upper split portion and a lower split portion. The upper split portion and the lower split portion are configured to be detachably attached to a rear portion of a main frame of the vehicle. The first portion of the pair of left and right seat rails includes a joining member. The joining member is configured to join the upper split portion and the lower split portion. The joining member define a vertex between the upper split portion and the lower split portion.
[007] In an embodiment, each of the joining members of the first portions extends towards each other in the vehicle width direction and extends rearwardly in the front-rear direction of the vehicle.
[008] In an embodiment, each of the upper split portion and the lower split portion are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined pitch distance
[009] In an embodiment, each of the upper split portion includes a mounting portion. The mounting portion is configured to be attached to the rear portion of the main frame. Each of the mounting portions of the upper split portion comprises a mounting axis being oriented in a plane being perpendicular to the front-rear direction of the vehicle.
[010] In an embodiment, each of the lower split portion includes a mounting flange. The mounting flange is configured to be supportably attached to the main frame of the vehicle. Each of the mounting flanges of the lower split portion includes a mounting axis being oriented in a plane being parallel to the vehicle width direction.
[011] In an embodiment, each of the pair of left and right seat rails includes an upper surface. Similarly, each of the plurality of cross members includes an upper surface. The upper surfaces are configured to collectively define a rider seat attachment region, a pillion seat attachment region and a pillion hand gripping region.
[012] In an embodiment, the upper surfaces of the pair of left and right seat rails and the plurality of cross members are configured to receive attachment means for mounting a vehicle seat.
[013] In an embodiment, each of the plurality of cross members is attached to the upper surfaces of the pair of seat rails to define a storage volume between the pair of left and right seat rails.
[014] In an embodiment, the rider seat attachment region is an inverted C-shaped cross sectional profile when seen from a top view of the rear frame assembly (100).
[015] In an embodiment, the pillion seat attachment region is a trapezoidal shaped cross sectional profile when seen from the top view of the rear frame assembly.
[016] In an embodiment, the pillion hand gripping region is a trapezoidal shaped cross sectional profile when seen from the top view of the rear frame assembly.
[017] In an embodiment, each of the pair of left and right seat rails forming the pillion seat attachment region and the pillion hand gripping region is configured to bent inwardly towards a central vertical plane of the rear frame assembly.
[018] In an embodiment, each of the second portions of the pair of left and right seat extends between a first end and a second end. The first ends are integrally connected to the first portion. The second ends are connected by a transverse wall member extending in the vehicle width direction.
[019] In an embodiment, the transverse wall member is configured to attach at least one of a taillight, a rear fender, or an accessory of the vehicle.
[020] In an embodiment, each of the pair of left and right seat rails forming the pillion hand gripping region includes a pillion hand gripping member. The pillion hand gripping member is attached to the transverse wall member. The pillion hand gripping member includes an elongated slot extending in the front-rear direction of the vehicle. The elongated slot is configured to be gripped by a pillion rider of the vehicle or to receive a pillion handle.
[021] In an embodiment, the elongated slot is a polygonal shaped cross sectional profile when seen from sides of the rear frame assembly.
[022] In an embodiment, the rear frame assembly is configured to be formed as an integrated frame structure. The rear frame assembly is made of a material selected from one of: metal, composite material, and plastic.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[023] Reference will be made to embodiments of the invention, examples of which may be illustrated in accompanying figures. These figures are intended to be illustrative, not limiting. Although the invention is generally described in context of these embodiments, it should be understood that it is not intended to limit the scope of the invention to these particular embodiments.
Figure 1 illustrates a perspective view of a rear frame assembly, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 2 illustrates a side view of the rear frame assembly, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 3 illustrates a top view of the rear frame assembly, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 4 is a perspective view of the rear frame assembly illustrating a central vertical plane of the rear frame assembly.
Figure 5 is a front cross sectional view of the rear frame assembly taken along section A-A in Figure 3, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 6 is a front cross sectional view of the rear frame assembly taken along section B-B in Figure 3, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 7 is a front cross sectional view of the rear frame assembly taken along section C-C in Figure 3, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Figure 8 is a front cross sectional view of the rear frame assembly taken along section D-D in Figure 3, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[024] Various features and embodiments of the present invention here will be discernible from the following further description thereof, set out hereunder. Herein, the term “rear frame assembly” is to be understood as equivalent to a rear portion of a main frame assembly or a sub-frame assembly or a rear frame structure of a two wheeled vehicle.
[025] The present invention relates to a rear frame assembly for a two-wheeled vehicle. The frame assembly is formed as an integrated frame structure.
[026] Figure 1 illustrates a perspective view of a rear frame assembly 100 for a two- wheeled vehicle, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
[027] In the present invention, a longitudinal axis refers to a front to rear axis relative to a vehicle, defining a vehicle longitudinal direction while a lateral axis refers to a side to side, or left to right axis relative to the vehicle, defining a vehicle width direction. Also, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology used herein is for the purpose of description and should not be regarded as limiting. Arrows provided in the top right corner of figures depicts direction with respect to the vehicle, wherein an arrow F denotes a front direction, an arrow R indicates a rearward direction, an arrow Up denotes an upward direction, an arrow Dw denotes a downward direction of the vehicle.
[028] The rear frame assembly 100 includes a pair of left and right seat rails 110L,110R configured to extend along a front-rear direction of the vehicle. The pair of left and right seat rails 110L,110R is configured to provide a desired bending stiffness. Each of the pair of left and right seat rails 110L,110R includes a first portion 112 and a second portion 116. The first portion 112 is split into an upper split portion 112a and a lower split portion 112b. The upper split portion 112a and the lower split portion 112b are configured to be detachably attached to a rear portion of a main frame of the vehicle. Each of the first portions 112 has a joining member 112c. The joining member 112c is configured to join the upper split portion 112a and the lower split portion 112b and define a vertex between the upper split portion 112a and the lower split portion 112b. The vertex is a point of connection being angularly formed between the upper split portion 112a and the lower split portion 112b. The joining members 112c of the first portions 112 extends towards each other in the vehicle width direction and also extends rearwardly in the front-rear direction of the vehicle. The joining portion 112c tapers from front portions 112 of the pair of left and right seat rails 110L, 110R in the rearward direction and towards the second portions 116 as a convex shape to provide structural rigidity to the rear frame assembly 100. Each of the upper split portions 112a includes a mounting portion 113a. The mounting portions 113a are configured to be attached to the rear portion of the main frame.
[029] As shown, each of the mounting portions 113a of the upper split portion 112a includes a mounting axis (Y-Y’) oriented in a plane being perpendicular to the front-rear direction of the vehicle. The mounting portion 113a is a through hole formed on edge of the upper split portion 112. The through hole corresponds to an attachment means formed on the rear portion of the main frame and configured to secure a rigid connection between the upper split portions 112 and the main frame of the vehicle through fastening means. The fastening means include, not being limited to, nut and/or bolt arrangement.
[030] Similarly, each of the lower split portions 112b includes a mounting flange 113b. The mounting flange 113b is formed on edge of the lower split portion 112b. As shown, each of the mounting flanges 113b of the lower split portions 112b include a mounting axis (X-X’) being oriented in a plane being parallel to the vehicle width direction. The mounting flange 113b is a through hole having a horizontal sleeve portion which extends in the vehicle width direction along the mounting axis (X-X’). The horizontal sleeve portion may include internal threads to receive fastening means for securing a rigid connection between the mounting flange 113b and the rear portion of the main frame of the vehicle. Depending upon the configuration or design feasibility of the vehicle, the mounting flange 113b may be supportably attached to the main frame or down main tubes or a pivot plate or any other fixed frame member of the vehicle whereas the point of attachments for the main frame of the vehicle has the same mounting axis corresponding to the mounting axis (X-X’) of the mounting flange 113b.
[031] The frame assembly 100 includes a plurality of cross members 130 having an upper surface 131. The plurality of cross members 130 is configured to extend in the vehicle width direction between the pair of left and right seat rails 110L,110R. The plurality of cross members 130 is configured to be integrally joined with the pair of the left and right seat rails 110L,110R to make a single piece or unitary structure of the rear frame assembly 100. During operation of the vehicle, this configuration of the rear frame assembly 100 support vertical loads being exerted from a rider and/or pillion and also support the loads being exerted due to lateral and torsional forces subjected to the vehicle when the vehicle passes over a bump or pothole to provide a stable ride. Depending upon width requirements of the vehicle, the length of the plurality of cross members 130 may vary. As shown in Figure 1, the cross member 130 formed between the first portions 112 of the pair of left and right seat rails 110L,110R has a length greater than the length of the cross member 130 formed between the second portions 116. Each of the plurality of cross members 130 is attached to the upper surfaces 111 of the pair of seat rails 110L,110R to define a storage volume between the pair of left and right seat rails 110L,110R.
[032] Further in Figure 1, each of the second portions 116 of the pair of left and right seat rails 110L,110R extends between a first end 116a (shown in Figure 2) and a second end 116b. The first ends 116a of the second portions 116 are integrally connected to the first portion 112. The second ends 116b of the second portions are connected or joined by a transverse wall member 120 extending in the vehicle width direction. The pair of left and right seat rails 110L, 110R includes multiple attachment provisions formed on surface of the pair of left and right seat rails 110L, 110R for mounting body cover parts of the vehicle. The transverse wall member 120 is configured to receive multiple attachments portions for mounting a taillight, a rear fender, or an accessory of the vehicle.
[033] Each of the pair of left and right seat rails 110L,100R includes a pillion hand gripping member 117 attached to the transverse wall member 120. The pillion hand gripping member 117 is integrally formed on the second ends 116b of the second portions 116 along with the transverse wall member 120. Each of the pillion hand gripping member 117 includes an elongated slot 117a extending in the front-rear direction of the vehicle. The elongated slot 117 is configured to be gripped by a pillion rider of the vehicle or receive a pillion handle.
[034] Figure 2 illustrates a side view of the rear frame assembly 100, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, an imaginary curved line defines the first portion 112 of the pair of the left and right seat rails 110L,110R. The first portion 112 integrally includes the upper split portion 112a, the lower split portion and the joining member 112c. The upper split portion 112a and the lower split portion 112b are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined pitch distance (D). The pitch distance (D) is configured to provide stiffness to the rear frame assembly 100 to resist deformations. The pitch distance (D) between the upper split portion 112a and the lower split portion 112b is determined based on a vertical distance between attachment points or attachment means of the main frame of the vehicle for attaching the mounting portion 113a of the upper split portion 112a and mounting flange 113b of the lower split portion 112b respectively. The vertical distance between attachment means of the main frame may vary depending upon size, type, load capacity etc., of the vehicle.
[035] As shown in Figure 2, a straight imaginary line divides each of the pair of the left and right seat rails 110L, 110R into the first portion 112 and the second portion 116. Each of the second portion 116 includes the first end 116a and the second end 116b. Each of the first ends 116a of the second portions 116 are integrally connected to the first portion 112. In an embodiment, the elongated slot 117a is a polygonal shaped cross sectional profile when seen from sides of the rear frame assembly 100.
[036] Figure 3 illustrates a top view of the rear frame assembly 100, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Each of the pair of the left and right seat rails 110L,110R and the plurality of cross members 130a, 130b includes upper surfaces 111, 131 respectively. The plurality of cross members 130a, 130b includes a first cross member 130a and a second cross member 130b.The upper surfaces 111, 131 of the pair of left and right seat rails 110L,110R and the plurality of cross members 130a, 130b are configured to receive attachment means for mounting a vehicle seat. The upper surfaces 111,131 are configured to collectively define a first attachment region, a second attachment region and a third attachment region. The first attachment region may include a rider seat attachment region (S1). The second attachment region may include a pillion seat attachment region (S2). The third attachment region may include a pillion hand gripping region (S3).
[037] As shown, the rider seat attachment region (S1) is a region between the upper surfaces 111 of upper split portions 112a and the upper surface 131 of the first cross member 130a. When seen from the top view, the rider seat attachment region (S1) is an inverted C-shaped cross sectional profile. The pillion seat attachment region (S2) is a region formed by the upper surfaces 111 of first portions 112 and the second portions 116 extending between the upper surfaces 131 of first cross member 130a and the second cross member 130b. When seen from the top view, the pillion seat attachment region (S2) is a trapezoidal shaped cross sectional profile. The pillion hand gripping region (S2) is a region formed by the upper surfaces 111 of second portions 112 extending between the upper surfaces of second cross member 130b and the transverse member 120. When seen from the top view, the pillion hand gripping region (S3) is a trapezoidal shaped cross sectional profile.
[038] Figure 4 is a perspective view of the rear frame assembly 100 illustrating a central vertical plane (Cp) of the rear frame assembly. As shown, the rear frame assembly 100 includes the central vertical plane (Cp) passing between the pair of the left and right seat rails 110L,110R. In an embodiment, each of the pair of left and right seat rails 110L, 100R forming the pillion seat attachment region (S2) and the pillion hand gripping region (S3) (shown in Figure 3) is configured to bent inwardly towards the central vertical plane (Cp) of the rear frame assembly 100.
[039] Figure 5 is a front cross sectional view of the rear frame assembly 100 taken along section A-A in Figure 3, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. In Figure 5, front cross sectional surfaces of the mounting portions 113a and the mounting flanges 113b are shown. The joining members 112c of the first portions 112 extends towards each other in the vehicle width direction.
[040] In an embodiment, each of the plurality of cross members 130 is a horizontal lateral wall which is formed of thicker cross sections near attachment arms 135L, 135R. Each of the attachment arms 135L, 135R has a tapered portion extending towards the pair of left and right seat rails 110L, 110R. The tapered portions provide a rigid attachment between the cross member 130 and the pair of left and right seat rails 130L, 130R.
[041] Figure 6 is a front cross sectional view of the rear frame assembly 100 taken along section B-B in Figure 3, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown, the pair of left and right seat rails may be integrally formed to have a larger distance between the first portions 112 of the pair of left and right seat rails 110L,110R in comparison to the distance between the second portions 116 of the pair of left and right seat rails 110L, 110R. This configuration imparts a good aesthetic appearance to the rear frame assembly 100 and the structure of the same may be integrally formed easily.
[042] Figure 7 is a front cross sectional view of the rear frame assembly 100 taken along section C-C in Figure 3, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Each of the front cross sectional surfaces of the second portions 116 are configured to extend slantwise and corresponds to each other in such manner that the horizontal distance between top sides of the corresponding upper surfaces is relatively small than the horizontal distance between bottom sides. A portion of each of the second portions 116 along with the transverse member 120 extends slantwise in the upward direction to integrally form the pillion hand gripping member 110. The pillion hand gripping member 117 includes the elongated slot 117a. The elongated slot 117a is formed on the second portions 116 either by a molding or machining process. In machining process, a portion of the hand gripping member 117 is extracted to form the elongated slot 117a of desired dimensions required to firmly accommodate gripping hands of the pillion rider or to receive the pillion handle of the vehicle. The pillion handle may be attached to the elongated slot 117 using fasteners, nut, bolts etc.
[043] Figure 8 is a front cross sectional view of the rear frame assembly 100 taken along section D-D in Figure 3, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. The transverse wall member 120 may include attachment portions or mounting holes to mount the rear fender, taillight etc. of the vehicle.
[044] In an embodiment, the rear frame assembly 100 as shown in Figures 1-3 is formed as a unitary frame structure by casting in a single mold. The mold includes profile of upper and lower split portions 112a, 112b along with an extended and/or protruded profile of joining member 112c. The mounting portions 113a, the mounting flanges 113b and the elongated slots 117a are formed by a machining process. In the same mold, the plurality of cross members 130 may be integrally formed with the pair of the left and right seat rails 110L, 110R. alternatively, the cross members 130 may be welded with pair of left and right seat rails 110L,110R. The rear frame assembly 100 is made of a material selected from metal, composite material, or a plastic. In one non-limiting example, to achieve a higher weight reduction, the rear frame assembly 100 may be formed with light weight metals such as Aluminium, Magnesium or with composites including Nylon, Polyamide (PA), Polypropylene (PP), Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS), Thermoplastic Polyurethane (TPU), and carbon/glass reinforced fibres etc. In a further non-limiting example, the method of manufacturing the rear frame assembly 100 includes rapid prototyping, fusion diffusion method, resin transfer moulding, die casting, 3D printing, laser sintering etc
[045] Advantageously, the present invention provides a rear frame assembly having a single integrated frame structure which is simple in construction and can be manufactured easily. The integrated frame structure of the rear frame assembly provides a secure and stable connection to the main frame or any fixed member of the two wheeled or three wheeled vehicle. The present invention provides a light-weight frame structure by integrating various parts of the rear frame assembly. The present invention eliminates the need for additional welded parts and reduces manufacturing complexities. The integrated frame structure of the present invention may be formed with different profiles/configurations of left and right seat rails and/or cross members to achieve desired aesthetic appearance of the vehicle. Further, the frame structure is capable of providing a desired strength and/or stiffness to the frame structure.
[046] While the present invention has been described with respect to certain embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modification may be made without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the following claims.

List of Reference Numerals
100 – Rear frame assembly
110L, 110R – Pair of left and right seat rails
111 – Upper surfaces of the pair of left and right seat rails
112– First portion of the pair of left and right seat rails
112a – Upper split portion
112b – Lower split portion
112c – Joining member
113a – Mounting portion of the upper split portion
113b – Mounting flange of the lower split portion
116 – Second portion of the pair of left and right seat rails
116a – First end of the second portion
116b – Second end of the second portion
117– Pillion hand gripping member
117a – Elongated slot
120 – Transverse wall member
130 – Plurality of cross members
130a – First cross member
130b – Second cross member
131 – Upper surfaces of the plurality of cross members
135L, 135R – Attachment arms of plurality of cross members
Cp- Central vertical plane of the rear frame assembly
S1 – Rider seat attachment region
S2 – Pillion seat attachment region
S3 – Pillion hand gripping region
X-X’ – Mounting axis of mounting portion of the upper split portion
Y-Y’ – Mounting axis of mounting flange of the lower split portion
, Claims:WE CLAIM:
1. A rear frame assembly (100) for a vehicle, the rear frame assembly (100) comprising:
a pair of left and right seat rails (110L, 110R) configured to extend along a front-rear direction of the vehicle, and
a plurality of cross members (130), said plurality of cross members (130) being configured to extend in a vehicle width direction between the pair of left and right seat rails (110L, 110R), each of the pair of left and right seat rails (110L, 110R) comprises a first portion (112) and a second portion (116), the first portion (112) being split into an upper split portion (112a) and a lower split portion (112b), the upper split portion (112a) and the lower split portion (112b) configured to be detachably attached to a rear portion of a main frame of the vehicle, the first portion (112) comprises a joining member (112c) being configured to join the upper split portion (112a) and the lower split portion (112b) and define a vertex between the upper split portion (112a) and the lower split portion (112b).

2. The rear frame assembly (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of the joining members (112c) of the first portions (112) extends towards each other in the vehicle width direction and extends rearwardly in the front-rear direction of the vehicle.

3. The rear frame assembly (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of the upper split portion (112a) and the lower split portion (112b) are spaced apart from each other by a predetermined pitch distance (D).

4. The rear frame assembly (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of the upper split portions (112a) comprises a mounting portion (113a), the mounting portion (113a) being configured to be attached to the rear portion of the main frame.

5. The rear frame assembly (100) as claimed in claim 4, wherein each of the mounting portions (113a) of the upper split portion (112a) comprises a mounting axis (Y-Y’) being oriented in a plane being perpendicular to the front-rear direction of the vehicle.

6. The rear frame assembly (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of the lower split portions (112b) comprises a mounting flange (113b), the mounting flange (113b) being configured to be supportably attached to the main frame of the vehicle.

7. The rear frame assembly (100) as claimed in claim 6, wherein each of the mounting flanges (113b) of the lower split portion (112b) comprises a mounting axis (X-X’) being oriented in a plane being parallel to the vehicle width direction.

8. The rear frame assembly (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of the pair of the left and right seat rails (110L,110R) and the plurality of cross members (130) comprises upper surfaces (111, 131).

9. The rear frame assembly (100) as claimed in claim 8, wherein the upper surfaces (111, 131) of the pair of left and right seat rails (110L, 110R) and the plurality of cross members (130) being configured to receive attachment means for mounting a vehicle seat.

10. The rear frame assembly (100) as claimed in claim 8, wherein each of the plurality of cross members (130) being attached to the upper surfaces (111) of the pair of seat rails (110L,110R) to define a storage volume between the pair of left and right seat rails (110L,110R).

11. The rear frame assembly (100) as claimed in claim 8, wherein the upper surfaces (111, 131) being configured to collectively define a first attachment region, a second attachment region and a third attachment region, the first attachment region comprising a rider seat attachment region (S1), the second attachment region comprising a pillion seat attachment region (S2) and the third attachment region comprising a pillion hand gripping region (S3).

12. The rear frame assembly (100) as claimed in claim 11, wherein the rider seat attachment region (S1) being an inverted C-shaped cross sectional profile when seen from a top view of the rear frame assembly (100).

13. The rear frame assembly (100) as claimed in claim 11, wherein the pillion seat attachment region (S2) being a trapezoidal shaped cross sectional profile when seen from the top view of the rear frame assembly (100).

14. The rear frame assembly (100) as claimed in claim 11, wherein the pillion hand gripping region (S3) being a trapezoidal shaped cross sectional profile when seen from the top view of the rear frame assembly (100).

15. The rear frame assembly (100) as claimed in claim 11, wherein each of the pair of left and right seat rails (110L, 100R) forming the pillion seat attachment region (S2) and the pillion hand gripping region (S3) being configured to bent inwardly towards a central vertical plane (Cp) of the rear frame assembly (100).

16. The rear frame assembly (100) as claimed in claim 15, wherein each of the pair of left and right seat rails (110L, 100R) forming the pillion hand gripping region (S3) comprises a pillion hand gripping member (117) attached to the transverse wall member (120), the pillion hand gripping member (117) comprises an elongated slot (117a) extending in the front-rear direction of the vehicle.

17. The rear frame assembly (100) as claimed in claim 16, wherein the elongated slot (117a) being a polygonal shaped cross sectional profile when seen from sides of the rear frame assembly (100).

18. The rear frame assembly (100) as claimed in claimed in claim 16, wherein the elongated slot (117) being configured to be gripped by a pillion rider of the vehicle or receive a pillion handle.

19. The rear frame assembly (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein each of the second portions (116) extends between a first end (116a) and a second end (116b), the first ends (116a) being integrally connected to the first portion (112) and the second ends (116b) being connected by a transverse wall member (120) extending in the vehicle width direction.

20. The rear frame assembly (100) as claimed in claim 19, wherein the transverse wall member (120) being configured to attach at least one of a taillight, a rear fender, or an accessory of the vehicle.

21. The rear frame assembly (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rear frame assembly (100) being configured to be formed as an integrated frame structure.

22. The rear frame assembly (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rear frame assembly (100) being made of a material selected from one of: metal, composite material, and plastic.

Dated this 27 day of March 2023

TVS MOTOR COMPANY LIMITED
By their Agent & Attorney

(Nikhil Ranjan)
of Khaitan & Co
Reg No IN/PA-1471