FIELD OF INVENTION
The present disclosure generally relates to the field of automobiles. Particularly, but not exclusively, the present disclosure relates to the construction and mechanism of a spill resistant fuel tank cap for two wheelers. Further, embodiments of the present disclosure disclose a fuel tank cap assembly for two-wheeler vehicles for preventing fuel from spilling out from breather valve during crash or roll over of the vehicle.
BACKGROUND
The information in this section merely provides background information related to the present disclosure and may not constitute prior art(s).
Generally, vehicles such as, but not limited to, two-wheelers are provided with fuel tanks as fuel reservoirs. A major challenge associated with fuel tanks is that the fuel such as petrol/gasoline or diesel, inside the fuel tank expands in volume as it warms up and shrinks in volume as it cools down due the physical conditions of temperature and pressure. Consequently, the pressure inside the fuel tank varies and may build up at times due to warming up of the fuel, while at times the pressure might drop due to cooling of the fuel. This variation in pressure can be dangerous for the safety of the vehi cl e/pas sengers.
With the advancement in technology, researchers have come up with a number of solutions to address the aforementioned problem. One such solution is breather valves being provided in the fuel tank cap of the vehicle. The breather valve is a venting mechanism that responds to any variation in pressure inside the fuel tank by sucking in or releasing air/fuel vapours so as to counter balance any decrease/ increase in pressure. However, a major challenge associated with such breather valves is that during crash or similar conditions resulting in tilting or roll over of the vehicle, the fuel can leak through the breather valve resulting in spillage of fuel from the fuel tank.

In other words, the researchers have come up with a spill resistant fuel tank cap for two-wheeler vehicles. More specifically, a fuel tank cap for two-wheeler vehicles for preventing fuel from spilling out from breather valve during crash or roll over of the vehicle so as to eliminate one or more problems associated with the prior-art.
SUMMARY OF THE PRESENT DISCLOSURE
One or more drawbacks of conventional fuel tank cap as described in the prior art are overcome and additional advantages are provided through a spill resistant fuel tank cap as claimed in the present disclosure. Additional features and advantages are realized through the technicalities of the present disclosure. Other embodiments and aspects of the disclosure are described in detail herein and are considered to be a part of the claimed disclosure.
In one non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure, there is provided a spill resistant fuel tank cap for two-wheeler vehicles. The spill resistant fuel tank cap comprises a base. The base is configured to cover the fuel tank. The base comprises an orifice. A valve is disposed in the orifice. The valve is configured to allow passage of fuel vapours therethrough. A chamber is in fluid communication with the orifice and an outlet port. The chamber comprises a plate member. The plate member has a plurality of holes to allow entry of fuel vapours into the chamber. A ball member is disposed movably in the chamber. The ball member is configured to selectively block the outlet port to limit passage of fuel vapours to the outlet port. An outlet channel is configured to expel fuel vapours from the outlet port into an external environment.
In an embodiment, the valve is a breather valve.
In an embodiment, the plate member is located upwardly from the breather valve.
In an embodiment, the ball member is movable under gravitational pull.

In an embodiment, the ball member rests on the plate member in an upright condition of the fuel tank, such that a gap is defined between the ball member and the outlet port.
In an embodiment, the ball member is configured to block the outlet port in a tilted or inverted position of the fuel tank such that a gap is defined between the plate member and the ball.
In an embodiment, a shape of the outlet port corresponds to the shape of the ball member so as to sealably block passage of fuel from the chamber to the outlet port.
In an embodiment, a shape of plate member corresponds to an internal configuration of the chamber.
The foregoing summary is illustrative only and is not intended to be in any way limiting. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features will become apparent with reference to the drawings and the following detailed description.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS
The novel features and characteristics of the disclosure are set forth in the appended description. The disclosure itself, however, as well as a preferred mode of use, further objectives and advantages thereof, will best be understood by reference to the following detailed description of an illustrative embodiment when read in conjunction with the accompanying figures. One or more embodiments are now described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying figures wherein like reference numerals represent like elements and in which:
Figure 1 illustrates a sectional view of the spill resistant fuel tank cap in accordance with the present disclosure.

Figure 2 illustrates an exploded view of the spill resistant fuel tank cap according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Figure 3 depicts a sectional view of the spill resistant fuel tank cap when the vehicle is in normal/running condition according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
Figure 4 illustrates a sectional view of the spill resistant fuel tank cap when the vehicle is in toppled/roll over condition according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
The figures depict embodiments of the disclosure for purposes of illustration only. One skilled in the art will readily recognize from the following description that alternative embodiments of the assemblies and methods illustrated herein may be employed without departing from the principles of the disclosure described herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
While the invention is subject to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiment thereof has been shown by way of example in the figures and will be described below. It should be understood, however that it is not intended to limit the invention to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the invention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternative falling within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Before describing in detail, the various embodiments of the present disclosure it may be observed that the novelty and inventive step that are in accordance with a spill resistant fuel tank cap for two-wheeler vehicles prevents fuel from spilling out. It is to be noted that a person skilled in the art can be motivated from the present disclosure and can perform various modifications. However, such modifications should be construed within the scope of the invention.
Accordingly, the drawings are showing only those specific details that are pertinent to understanding the embodiments of the present disclosure so as not to obscure the

disclosure with details that will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art having benefit of the description herein.
The terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that an assembly, setup, system, device that comprises a list of components does not include only those components but may include other components not expressly listed or inherent to such system or device or setup. In other words, one or more elements in the system or apparatus or device proceeded by "comprises a" does not, without more constraints, preclude the existence of other elements or additional elements in the assembly or system or apparatus. The following paragraphs explain present disclosure. The invention in respect of the same may be deduced accordingly.
Accordingly, it is an aim of the present disclosure to provide a spill resistant fuel tank cap for preventing fuel from spilling out from breather valve during crash or roll over of the vehicle.
Another aim of the present disclosure is to provide a spill resistant fuel tank cap that is economical and has a simple construction.
Accordingly, the present disclosure provides a spill resistant fuel tank cap for two-wheeler vehicles. The spill resistant fuel tank cap comprises a base (4). The base (4) is configured to cover the fuel tank. The base (4) comprises an orifice. A valve (6) is disposed in the orifice. The valve (6) is configured to allow passage of fuel vapours therethrough. A chamber is in fluid communication with the orifice and an outlet port (11). The chamber comprises a plate member (10). The plate member (10) has a plurality of holes to allow entry of fuel vapours into the chamber. A ball member (9) is disposed movably in the chamber. The ball member (9) is configured to selectively block the outlet port (11) to limit passage of fuel vapours into the outlet port (11). An outlet channel (12) is configured to expel fuel vapours from the outlet port (11) into an external environment. The valve (6) is a breather valve. The plate member (10) is located upwardly from the breather valve (6). The ball member (9) is movable under gravitational pull. The ball member (9) rests on the plate member (10) in an upright condition of the fuel tank, such that a gap (G) is defined between the ball member (9)

and the outlet port (11). The ball member (9) is configured to block the outlet port (11) in a tilted or inverted position of the fuel tank such that a gap (G) is defined between the plate member (10) and the ball member (6). A shape of the outlet port (11) corresponds to the shape of the ball member (9) so as to sealably block passage of fuel from the chamber to the outlet port (11). A shape of plate member (10) corresponds to an internal configuration of the chamber.
Accordingly, the present disclosure relates to the construction of a spill resistant fuel tank cap for two-wheeler vehicles. Further, embodiments of the present disclosure disclose a spill resistant fuel tank cap preventing fuel from spilling out from breather valve during crash or roll over of the vehicle.
Reference will now be made to a spill resistant fuel tank cap for two-wheeler vehicles which is explained with the help of figures. The figures are for the purpose of illustration only and should not be construed as limitations on the assembly and mechanism of the present disclosure. Wherever possible, referral numerals will be used to refer to the same or like parts.
Accordingly, the present disclosure relates to develop a spill resistant fuel tank cap for two-wheeler vehicles. As shown in figure 1, the spill resistant fuel tank cap comprises, amongst other components, a cover assembly being movably secured at an opening of the fuel tank of the vehicle. In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the cover assembly is mounted on the at the opening of the fuel tank by means of a hinge. However, the configuration of the cover mechanism may be variable depending on the requirement of the manufacturer, make of the vehicle etc. Accordingly, the cover assembly can be completely removable from the base assembly in an unlocked/open condition of the fuel tank lock system.
As shown in figures 1 to 4, the cover assembly comprises a cover body (1) being configured with a plurality of gaskets (2, 5 and 8). Disposed resiliency by means of a spring (7) in the cover assembly, is a cap (3). The cap (3) is configured to accommodate a base (4). In a non-limiting embodiment, the cap (3) may have the shape of a dome. An internal surface defines a cavity therein. An aperture may be

formed at the centre of the cavity by which the fuel vapours may come in the cavity. The cap (3) may have a flat surface outwardly, along a circumference of the cavity. The cap (3) may have a plurality of holes with threads. The plurality of holes may be provided for fixing the cap with cover body by means of a plurality of screws.
Further, the base (4) is interposed between the cap (3) and the cover body (1) for mounting the valve (6). The base (4) is configured to cover the fuel tank. The base (4) has a groove. The groove is provided, along a circumference of the base (4). A spring (7) rests on the said groove. The spring (7) is provided to energize the base when a variation of pressure occurs inside the fuel tank. The base (4) comprising an orifice. The valve (6) disposed in the orifice of the base (4). The valve (6) is configured to allow passage of fuel vapour therethrough. The valve (6) is a venting mechanism that allow passage of fuel only when variation in pressure inside the fuel tank occurs. If this pressure is positive, then fuel vapours releases. If this pressure in negative, the air vapour form external environment gets inside the fuel tank. The valve (6) maintains the pressure of the fuel tank through sucking/releasing the air/fuel vapours so as to the valve (6) may be a breather valve known in the art.
A chamber (13) is defined upwardly between the base (4) and the outlet port (11). The chamber (13) is in fluid communication with the orifice. The chamber (13) is configured to allow passage of the fuel vapours from the orifice towards the outlet port (11). The chamber (13) comprises a plate member (10) and a ball member (9). The plate member (10) may have a circular shape corresponding to an internal configuration of the chamber (13). The plate member (10) may have the plurality of holes to allow passage of fuel vapours therethrough. The plate member (10) is located upwardly from the breather valve (6). The plate member (10) is configured to allow entry of the fuel vapours into the chamber (13). The ball member (9) is disposed movably in the chamber (13). In an embodiment, the ball member (9) is configured to selectively block the outlet port (11) to limit passage of the fuel vapours into the outlet port (11). The ball member (9) may move under gravitational force in case of tilting or inverting of the vehicle. The ball member (9) rests on the plate member (10) in an upright condition of the fuel tank, such that a gap is defined between the ball member (9) and the outlet port (11). The ball member (9) is configured to block the outlet port (11) in a tilted or inverted position of the fuel tank such that a gap (G) is

defined between the plate member (10) and the ball member (9). A shape of the outlet port (11) corresponds to the shape of the ball member (9) such that the ball member (9) can be sealably seated at the outlet port (11). Thus, the passage of fuel from the chamber (13) to the outlet port (11) is sealably blocked. In one non-limiting embodiment of the present disclosure, the ball member (9) is made of metal.
An outlet channel (12) may have a shape of a tube. The outlet channel (12) is connected with the outlet port (11) at its one end. The other end of the outlet channel (12) is open to expel the fuel vapours into the external environment. In an embodiment, the outlet channel (12) may be in horizontal orientation.
In an exemplary embodiment, the ball member (9) may be shifted from one place to another place due to gravitational force under two conditions as follows:
As shown in figure 3, under normal operation of the vehicle, the ball member (9) rests on the plate member (10) such that a gap is defined between the ball member (9) and the outlet port (11). This may be termed as an "open" condition of the outlet port (11). As soon as the fuel in the fuel tank gets evaporated it touches the top face of the breather valve (6) and a positive pressure builds up. This results in an upward force is exerted by the base (4) upwardly which compresses the spring (7), thereby allowing the fuel vapours to be expelled into the external environment through the outlet channel (12). Similarly, air is allowed to enter into the fuel tank in case a negative pressure builds up inside the fuel tank. In case of negative pressure, the air comes through the outlet channel (12) and passage chamber which open the breather valve (6). The opening of the said breather valve (6) allow the air from environment to come into the fuel tank.
The plurality of gaskets (2, 5 and 8) provide a sealed connection to prevent leakage of fuel vapours.
Referring to figure 4, in case of a crash or roll over of the vehicle, when the fuel tank cap is partially tilted or completely inverted, the present spill resistant fuel tank cap prevents leakage of fuel. In this condition, the ball member (9), under gravitational pull, moves towards the outlet port and eventually blocks the fluid communication

between the chamber and the outlet port such that no fuel can pass through. This may be termed as the "closed" condition of the outlet port (11). Under this condition, even if fuel from the fuel tank leaks into the chamber passage through the breather valve (6) or the base (4) it gets accumulated through the ball member (9) at the chamber and is prevented from leaking into the external environment through the outlet port (11) and the outlet channel (12). When, the vehicle is brought back to the upright position, due to gravitational pull, the ball member (9) moves downwards and eventually comes to rest on the plate member (11) such that the gap (G) is defined between the ball member (9) and the outlet port (11) and the outlet port is said to be "open".
List of reference numerals:

1 Cover Body
2 Gasket
3 Cap
4 Base
5 Gasket
6 Valve or breather valve
7 Spring
8 Gasket
9 Ball member
10 Plate member
11 Outlet port
12 Outlet channel
13 Chamber

Equivalents:
With respect to the use of substantially any plural and/or singular terms herein, those having skill in the art can translate from the plural to the singular and/or from the singular to the plural as is appropriate to the context and/or application. The various singular/plural permutations may be expressly set forth herein for sake of clarity.
It will be understood by those within the art that, in general, terms used herein, and especially in the appended claims (e.g., bodies of the appended claims) are generally intended as "open" terms (e.g., the term "having" should be interpreted as "having at least," etc.). It will be further understood by those within the art that if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is intended, such an intent will be explicitly recited in the claim, and in the absence of such recitation no such intent is present. For example, as an aid to understanding, the following appended claims may contain usage of the introductory phrases "at least one" and "one or more" to introduce claim recitations. However, the use of such phrases should not be construed to imply that the introduction of a claim recitation by the indefinite articles "a" or "an" limits any particular claim containing such introduced claim recitation to inventions containing only one such recitation, even when the same claim includes the introductory phrases "one or more" or "at least one" and indefinite articles such as "a" or "an" (e.g., "a" and/or "an" should typically be interpreted to mean "at least one" or "one or more"); the same holds true for the use of definite articles used to introduce claim recitations. In addition, even if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is explicitly recited, those skilled in the art will recognize that such recitation should typically be interpreted to mean at least the recited number (e.g., the bare recitation of "two recitations," without other modifiers, typically means at least two recitations, or two or more recitations). It will be further understood by those within the art that virtually any disjunctive word and/or phrase presenting two or more alternative terms, whether in the description, claims, or drawings, should be understood to contemplate the possibilities of including one of the terms, either of the terms, or both terms. For example, the phrase "A or B" will be understood to include the possibilities of "A" or "B" or "A and B"
While various aspects and embodiments have been disclosed herein, other aspects and embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The various aspects and

embodiments disclosed herein are for purposes of illustration and are not intended to be limiting, with the true scope and spirit being indicated by the following claims.

We claim
1. A spill resistant fuel tank cap comprising:
a base (1) comprising an orifice; the base (1) being configured to cover the fuel tank;
a valve (6) being disposed in the orifice; the valve (6) is configured to allow passage of fuel vapours therethrough;
a chamber (13) being in fluid communication with the orifice and an outlet port (11); the chamber (13) comprising;
a plate member (10) having a plurality of holes to allow entry of fuel vapours into the chamber (13);
a ball member (9) disposed movably in the chamber (13); wherein the ball member (9) is configured to selectively block the outlet port (11) to limit passage of fuel vapours into the outlet port (11);
an outlet channel (12) being configured to expel fuel vapours from the outlet port into an external environment.
2. A spill resistant fuel tank cap as claimed in claim 1, wherein the valve (6) is a breather valve.
3. A spill resistant fuel tank cap as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plate member (10) is located upwardly from the valve (6).
4. A spill resistant fuel tank cap as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the ball member (9) is movable under gravitational pull.
5. A spill resistant fuel tank cap as claimed in claims 1 and 4, wherein the ball member (9) rests on the plate member (10) in an upright condition of the fuel tank, such that a gap is defined between the ball member (9) and the outlet port (11).

6. A spill resistant fuel tank cap as claimed in claims 1 and 4, wherein the ball member (9) is configured to block the outlet port (11) in a tilted or inverted position of the fuel tank such that a gap is defined between the plate member (10) and the ball member (9).
7. A spill resistant fuel tank cap as claimed in claim 1, wherein a shape of the outlet port (11) corresponds to the shape of the ball member (9) so as to sealably block passage of fuel from the chamber (13) to the outlet port (11).
8. A spill resistant fuel tank cap as claimed in claim 1, wherein a shape of plate member (10) corresponds to an internal configuration of the chamber (13).