FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an environmentally clean Stationary Bio Toilet
system involving a bio digester tank. More particularly, the present invention relates
to a modular stationary bio toilet system for easy and fast installation in remote
places, villages, construction sites etc where people do not have access to clean and
hygienic toilets and thus used to open defecation causing environmental pollution.
Advantageously, the stationary bio toilet system according to the present invention is
integrated to a multi chamber bio digester tank for digestion of the toilet wastes in
presence of a bio media for complete conversion of solid wastes to environmentally
clean water, followed by a chlorine disinfection tank for safe disposal/recycling of the
treated waste/water. The stationary bio toilet module can be easily installed at
stationary location where there is a requirement, and can be disassembled and taken
away to another location when the requirement is over. The stationary bio toilet
system installations have multiple, preferably three, toilet units constructed on a
combined bio digester tank to which the wastes from all three toilets are fed through
a common pipe for continuous bio processing. A Water storage cum dispensing
subsystem ensures water supply to individual toilet units making the toilet system
totally self sufficient. The stationary bio toilet according to the present invention is
thus having environment friendly application/installation in remote places, villages,
construction sites, slums or any other temporary human habitat in a fast, pollution
free and cost effective manner with the advantage of quick relocation as and when
necessary.
BACKGROUND ART
Presently in the villages, slums, remote areas, construction sites, open defecation is
practiced by common people at large who do not have any access to clean and
hygienic toilets and are compelled to defecate in the open creating pollution.
It has been also experienced in rural areas more often than not make shift toilets are
used by people which do not provide means to hygienically processing of the toilet
wastes and thus disposal of wastes from such toilets poses serious threat to
environment. Dumping of toilet wastes directly to open field thus results in
unhygienic conditions and pollution of the environment with the possibility of

spreading diseases. The problem is further aggravated when hutments or slums are
located very close to railway tracks/platforms which are in close proximity to human
habitats, due to foul smell generated from decaying of open wastes. This
conventional trend of open defecation thus needed proper waste management and
treatment process and environment friendly disposal of waste matter which none of
the existing facilities could provide. Moreover, there has been a need in the art to
provide toilet system which can be installed as well as relocated in a fast and simple
manner as and when required while also ensure longer reliable pollution free
operation without needing frequent maintenance/servicing.
The present invention is an attempt to providing a stationary bio toilet system which
is modular in construction and integrated to a bio digester tank favouring easy
installation in remote areas, temporary habitats, slums etc where cost effective, easy
to maintain, reliable as well as pollution free toilet systems are not available. The
stationary bio toilet systems would provide a clean, hygienic, low maintenance option
for defecation for the people. These toilets not only eliminate open defecation and
the unhygienic conditions and possible spread of diseases associated to such
practices, but they also convert the night soil to neutral water which can be safely
disposed keeping the environment clean.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
It is thus the basic object of the present invention to providing a stationary bio toilet
system with integrated multi chamber bio digester tank adapted to convert wastes to
environmentally clean water for safe disposal, suitable for installation in remote
areas, construction sites, slums or any temporary human habitats.
A further object of the present invention is directed to providing a stationary bio
toilet system with integrated multi chamber bio digester tank adapted to convert
wastes to environmentally clean water which would be modular in construction for
fast and simple installation and maintenance free continuous operation with the
flexibility of disassembly and relocation as per necessity.

A still further object of the present invention is directed to providing stationary bio
toilet systems with integrated multi chamber bio digester tank for conversion of solid
wastes such as from toilet into environmentally clean liquid which would eliminate
open discharge of waste to the environment as well as avoid foul smell that is
generated from decaying of open waste and prevent possible spread of diseases.
A still further object of the present invention is directed to providing stationary bio
toilet systems with integrated multi chamber bio digester tank wherein biological
wastes will be treated in a multi chamber digester tank in presence of biological
media, followed by a chlorination treatment to convert them to clean water and
gases before disposal.
A still further object of the present invention is directed to providing stationary bio
toilet systems with integrated multi chamber bio digester tank wherein the water
obtained after complete treatment of wastes is fit for reuse or recycling in toilets or
to dispose outside safely.
A still further object of the present invention is directed to providing stationary bio
toilet systems with integrated multi chamber bio digester tank'wherein the foul
smelling methane gas generated in digester tank is vent out above the roof of the
toilet module into the atmosphere free of any discomfort to the user of the toilet.
A still further object of the present invention is directed to providing stationary bio
toilet systems with integrated multi chamber bio digester tank wherein a water
reservoir cum distribution arrangement is provided which is capable of providing
water supply to individual toilet units using hand pump favoring application of such
self sufficient toilet system in remote areas where electricity is not available.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The basic aspect of the present invention is thus directed to a stationary bio toilet
system comprising:

At least one toilet module comprising atleast one toilet chamber having toilet
facilities , means for water supply facilities into the said chamber including for
flushing of toilet after use and a waste outlet pipeline ;
a bio-digestion tank there under said toilet chamber which is operatively
connected to said waste outlet pipeline from said toilet chamber adapted for
conversion of solid wastes into environmentally clean liquid comprising:
(i) a waste conversion unit comprising plurality of digestion chambers
selectively disposed such that substantially solid wastes entering the
tank flow sequentially from one chamber to its adjacent chamber
following an alternative pathway of overflow and underflow there
between two adjacent chambers whereby the movement of the wastes
through said tank is controlled for desired conversion by digestion of
the substantially solid waste to liquid whereby the percentage of the
solids entering the first digestion chamber of the tank decreases while
passage towards the last digestion chamber where the same is
completely converted to liquid; and
(ii) a disinfection unit operatively connected to said last digestion chamber
providing for further disinfecting the converted liquid such as to
generate purified/environmentally safe water.
A further aspect of the present invention is directed to a stationary bio toilet system
wherein said toilet module comprises plurality of toilet chambers each toilet
chamber having said toilet facilities, means for water supply facilities into the
said chamber including for flushing of toilet after use and a waste outlet pipeline
with said toilet chambers adjacently disposed one after the other;
a common bio digester tank disposed there under said toilet moduled with the
waste outlet pipes from each of the toilet chambers operatively connected to one
or more preferably a common inlet to said bio digester tank.

A still further aspect of the present invention is directed to a stationary bio toilet
system comprising a methane vent pipe from the top of the bio-digester tank is
adapted to vent out the foul smelling methane gas above the roof of the toilet
module into the atmosphere free of any discomfort to the user of the toilet.
Yet another aspect of the present invention is directed to said stationary bio toilet
system wherein said means for providing water facilities into the chamber comprises
a bottom water tank and an overhead tank.
Advantageously also said stationary bio toilet system comprises pump means to
pump the water from the bottom water tank to the overhead water tank.
According to a further aspect of the present invention is directed to a stationary bio
toilet system wherein the said bio-digester tank is permanent structure obtained of
bricks and mortar or may be portable and obtained of desired material.
A still further aspect of the present invention is directed to a stationary bio toilet
system wherein the toilet module structure is obtained of steel and the walls and
door of the toilet module and stairs are made of reusable material and is portable,
dismantable and reassembled in new location.
Another aspect of the present invention is directed to said stationary bio toilet
system wherein said bio-digestion tank for conversion of solid wastes such as from
toilet into environmentally clean liquid comprises
a waste conversion unit comprising plurality of digestion chambers selectively
disposed such that substantially solid wastes entering the tank flow sequentially from
one chamber to its adjacent chamber following an alternative pathway of overflow
and underflow there between two adjacent chambers whereby the movement of the
wastes through said tank is controlled for desired conversion by digestion of the
substantially solid waste to liquid whereby the percentage of the solids entering the
first digestion chamber of the tank decreases while passage towards the last
digestion chamber where the same is completely converted to liquid;

a disinfection unit operatively connected to said last digestion chamber providing
for further disinfecting the converted liquid such as to generate
purified/environmentally safe water.
According to yet another aspect of the present invention directed to said stationary
bio toilet system wherein the volume of the chambers of the waste conversion unit
can be selectively provided according to the volume to be handled and/or the
number of people using the tank and/ or according to the type of application.
A still further aspect of the present invention is directed to said stationary bio toilet
system wherein the chambers are provided whereby the percentage of solid wastes
decreases from the First Chamber to the last Chamber, and the percentage of water
increases from the First Chamber to the last Chamber such that the First Chamber
mostly contains mostly undigested solid waste, and the last Chamber contains the
final digested result water.
Importantly also in said stationary bio toilet system, aeration pipes are provided in
said waste conversion unit to constantly supply air and wastes are constantly
churned with air which facilitates the bio digestion process.
According to yet another aspect of the present invention directed to said stationary
bio toilet system which comprises an external bypass arrangement in the waste
conversion unit whereby the non degradable wastes like plastic bottles, packets are
segregated and thrown out of the waste conversion unit.
A still further aspect of the present invention is directed to said stationary bio toilet
system wherein said disinfection unit comprises a Chlorination Tank including a
chlorine tablet mixing chamber and passage chamber comprising of baffle plates.
Importantly, in said chlorine tablet mixing chamber of said chlorination tank
comprises of Chlorine Tablet Holder adapted such that the bottom surface of the
lowermost chlorine tablet remains always in contact with water whereby the
lowermost chlorine tablet always floats in water and remains partially immersed.

A further aspect of the present invention directed to said stationary bio toilet system
wherein the chlorinated water after mixing in said chlorine tablet mixing chamber
flows into the passage Chamber comprising baffle plates adapted to slow down the
movement of the water so that it gets sufficient time for dissolution and disinfection
of any bacteria present in the effluent water.
A still further aspect of the present invention is directed to said stationary bio toilet
system wherein said passage chamber of the disinfection unit is maintained filled up
with chlorinated water so the mixing of the effluent water with the chlorine tablet is a
uniform process and after disinfection the chlorinated water flows out via a Discharge
means.
According to yet another aspect of the present invention is directed to said stationary
bio toilet system which comprises a water purification unit operatively connected to
the bio-digester whereby the effluent water from the bio digester tank enters into
said water purification unit having an Ultra violet filter based water purification
preferably stage wise water purification involving successively a primary coarse filer,
secondary fine filter and finally through UV lamp to render the water fit for recycling
to a recycled water storage tank having level sensor wherefrom it is carried to said
flush tank by a water recirculation pump.
The objects and advantages of the present invention are described in greater details
with reference to following non limiting accompanying illustrative drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS
Figure 1: shows the schematic illustration of the stationary bio toilet system
according to an embodiment of the present invention comprising at least one toilet
unit and preferably three constructed on a combined bio digester tank.
Figure 2: shows the rear view of the stationary bio toilet system according to the
present invention wherein the water storage and dispensing system in the toilets
have been shown.

Figure 3: is a schematic illustration of the multi chamber Bio digester tank for
integration with bio toilet system according to the present invention, showing the
different chambers and their respective location indicating the flow path of the waste
matter through the chambers.
Figure 4: is the schematic illustration of an alternative embodiment of the bio toilet
system wherein the digester tank is further treated and purified in an UV filter based
purification unit for recirculation in the water storage and dispensing/flash system.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION WITH REFERENCE TO THE
ACCOMPANYING FIGURES
The present invention is directed to providing a stationary bio toilet system having
an integrated bio-digestion tank for conversion of bio degradable wastes such as
from toilet into environmentally clean liquid, in presence of a Bio Media followed by
disinfection in a chlorination chamber.
Reference is first invited to the accompanying Figure 1 that shows the construction
of the bio toilet system according to an embodiment of the present invention wherein
three toilet units have been installed over a combined bio digester tank. The toilet
system is modular in construction favouring fast and simple installation as and where
necessary. It also provides the flexibility of quick dismantling and reconstruction at a
new site as per requirement. The structure is made of steel and the walls and door of
the toilet module and stairs are made of reusable material which can be dismantled
when the toilet needs to be shifted and reassembled in the new location.
In the stationary bio toilet system the outlet pipes of all the three toilet modules go
into the first chamber of the multi chamber combined bio digester tank. The wastes
then pass from the first chamber to the second chamber then to the third chamber
and so on. There exist preferably six such chambers in the digester tank, shape and
sizes of which depend on number of users. It is a specially configured digester tank
with a plurality of chambers arranged in a specific order through which the wastes
passes one after the other by alternate overflow and underflow in a definite
sequence. Thus, the fecal wastes are digested by the bio media present in the Bio
digester tank as they pass from one chamber to another by alternately passing by

overflow and underflow through each chamber with required residence time. The
waste after the complete digestion gets converted into water and passes from the
last chamber of the Bio digester tank to the Chlorination tank. Here the resultant
effluent water is treated with chlorine in constant contact with chlorine tablet and is
disinfected and brought down to environmental standards before it can be
discharged out into the atmosphere. A methane vent pipe is provided at the top of
the bio digester tank which vents out the foul smelling methane gas above the roof
of the toilet module into the atmosphere, so that it does not reach the user.
Reference is next invited to the accompanying Figure 2 that shows the rear view of
the bio toilet system wherein the water storage and dispensing system for use in the
three toilet modules have been shown. The water for the biological toilet system is
first charged into a bottom water tank, from where it is pumped into the overhead
water tank by a manual hand pump mechanism. Low powered pumps can be used
instead of the manual hand pump mechanism in the toilet modules where electric
power is available. Flush tanks and taps are provided in each of the toilet room, in
which the water is supplied from the overhead water tank as per requirement of
user.
The bio digester tank is either made of bricks and mortar if it is to be permanent in
nature or alternatively, it can also be made of metal or FRP sheet for portability with
required support structure ensuring ease of installation as well as relocation.
Reference is next invited to the accompanying Figure 3 that illustrates the details of
construction of an embodiment of the bio-digestion tank according to the present
invention. The bio digester tank comprises a waste conversion unit and a chlorination
chamber. The waste conversion unit of the bio-digestion tank comprises a plurality of
digestion chambers, preferably six numbers digestion chambers arranged in selective
manner to process the waste matter followed by a chlorination treatment to convert
the waste matters to clean water by bio degradation and disinfection process. In the
present embodiment of the bio-digestion tank, a six chamber configuration has been
implemented sizes and shape of which is decided based on the estimated number of
users, extent of use and process of bio-digestion. The process of bio-digestion has
been standardized through several trials and found to be optimum when the waste
passes by alternate overflow and underflow through the six chambers of the digester

tank. The sizes of the individual chambers vary depending on the number of users
and extent of use. The bio-digestion tank is adapted to operate on a continuous basis
without choking and free of any maintenance.
According to an embodiment of the stationary bio toilet system of the present
invention, the bio digester tank comprises the First chamber is the biggest chamber
which is 25% to 40% of the total tank volume. The Second Chamber is 15% to 30%
of the total volume. The Third chamber is 10% to 25% of the total volume. The
Fourth Chamber is 15% to 30% of the total volume. The Fifth Chamber is 10% to
30% of the total volume. The Sixth Chamber is 15% to 30% of the total volume. The
volume of the six chambers of the bio-digestion tank can vary within the above
mentioned percentage ranges according to the volume of the bio-digestion tank, or
the number of people using the tank or according to the type of application.
As the wastes move alternatively in overflow and underflow path through the
chambers in sequence, its motion is slowed down so that the bio media present in
the tank gets sufficient time for the digestion of the wastes and convert them to
water and gas. This Bio Media slowly and progressively converts the entire solid
waste into liquid water. Thus, the percentage of solid wastes decreases from the First
Chamber to the Sixth Chamber, and the percentage of water increases from the First
Chamber to the Sixth Chamber. Therefore the First Chamber contains mostly
undigested solid waste, while the Sixth Chamber contains the final digested resultant
water.
The resultant effluent water from digestion tank output is then passed onto the
Chlorination Chamber for disinfection where it is treated with chlorine tablets to the
liquid effluent before discharge. Thus disinfection chamber disinfects the water and
brings it down to the environmental standards. This purified water can be recycled or
discharged. Gases evolved are allowed to leave through a separate gas vent.
Chlorination Tank consists of a chlorine tablet mixing chamber and passage chamber
consisting of baffle plates. The Chlorine Tablet Holder is designed in such a way that
the bottom surface of the lowermost chlorine tablet is always in contact with water.
Thus the lowermost chlorine tablet is always floating in water and partially

immersed. In this design the consumption of chlorine is most economical as only one
tablet is partially immersed in water at a time.
The chlorinated water after mixing flows into the Secondary Chamber where four
baffle plates are provided. These baffle plates slow down the movement of the water
so that it gets sufficient time for dissolution and disinfection of any bacteria present
in the effluent water. The secondary chamber of the chlorination tank is always filled
up with chlorinated water so the mixing of the effluent water with the chlorine tablet
is a uniform process. After disinfection, the chlorinated water flows out of the system
via the Discharge pipe.
According to yet another embodiment of the present invention as illustrated in
accompanying Figure 4, the liquid effluent from the bio-digester is further filtered,
purified and re-circulated to function as flush water. Thus the effluent water from the
bio digester tank enters into an Ultra violet filter based water purification unit
wherein the water is further treated and purified for storing in a recycled water
storage tank having level sensor wherefrom it is sent to the flash tank by a water
recirculation pump. In the purification unit the water from digester tank passes
successively through a primary coarse filer, secondary fine filter and then through UV
lamp so that purified water is fit for recycling as flush water.
It is thus possible by way of the present invention to provide a stationary bio toilet
system with an integrated bio digester tank adapted to convert bio degradable
wastes generated in toilet to environmentally clean water. Importantly, the modular
toilet system according to the invention can be easily installed at any stationary
location where there is a requirement e.g. remote rural area, slums, construction site
etc., and can be disassembled and taken away to another location when the
requirement is over. The stationary bio toilet system eliminates environmental
pollution and spread of foul smell/diseases due to open defecation. The waste from
toilets are treated in presence of bio media within the multi chamber bio digester
tank followed by chlorination treatment to be converted to clean water fit for
recycling or safe disposal. The stationary bio toilet system according to the invention
is thus having prospects of wide scale application and use to cater to the need of
human habitat in remote areas, work sites, collection of people for short durations
like fair, circus show etc. in a cost effective, user friendly and pollution free manner.

We Claim:
1. A stationary bio toilet system comprising:
At least one toilet module comprising at least one toilet chamber having
toilet facilities, means for water supply facilities into the said chamber
including for flushing of toilet after use and a waste outlet pipeline ;
a bio-digestion tank there under said toilet chamber which is operatively
connected to said waste outlet pipeline from said toilet chamber adapted for
conversion of solid wastes into environmentally clean liquid comprising:
(i) a waste conversion unit comprising plurality of digestion chambers
selectively disposed such that substantially solid wastes entering the
tank flow sequentially from one chamber to its adjacent chamber
following an alternative pathway of overflow and underflow there
between two adjacent chambers whereby the movement of the wastes
through said tank is controlled for desired conversion by digestion of
the substantially solid waste to liquid whereby the percentage of the
solids entering the first digestion chamber of the tank decreases while
passage towards the last digestion chamber where the same is
completely converted to liquid; and
(ii) a disinfection unit operatively connected to said last digestion chamber
providing for further disinfecting the converted liquid such as to
generate purified/environmentally safe water.
2. A stationary bio toilet system as claimed in claim 1 comprising:
Wherein a toilet module comprises plurality of toilet chambers each toilet
chamber having said toilet facilities, means for water supply facilities into the
said chamber including for flushing of toilet after use and a waste outlet
pipeline with said toilet chambers adjacently disposed one after the other;

a common bio digester tank disposed there under said toilet moduled with the
waste outlet pipes from each of the toilet chambers operatively connected to
one or more preferably a common inlet to said bio digester tank.
3. A stationary bio toilet system as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to 2 comprising
a methane vent pipe from the top of the bio-digester tank is adapted to vent
out the foul smelling methane gas above the roof of the toilet module into the
atmosphere free of any discomfort to the user of the toilet.
4. A stationary bio toilet system as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to3 wherein said
means for providing water facilities into the chamber comprises a bottom water
tank and an overhead tank.
5. A stationary bio toilet system as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to 4 comprising
pump means to pump the water from the bottom water tank to the overhead
water tank.
6. A stationary bio toilet system as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to 5 wherein the
said bio-digester tank is permanent structure obtained of bricks and mortar or
may be portable and obtained of desired material.
7. A stationary bio toilet system as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to 6 wherein the
toilet module structure is obtained of steel and the walls and door of the toilet
module and stairs are made of reusable material and is portable, dismantable
and reassembled in new location.
8. A stationary bio toilet system as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to 7 wherein
said bio-digestion tank for conversion of solid wastes such as from toilet into
environmentally clean liquid comprises
a waste conversion unit comprising plurality of digestion chambers selectively
disposed such that substantially solid wastes entering the tank flow
sequentially from one chamber to its adjacent chamber following an alternative
pathway of overflow and underflow there between two adjacent chambers
whereby the movement of the wastes through said tank is controlled for

desired conversion by digestion of the substantially solid waste to liquid
whereby the percentage of the solids entering the first digestion chamber of
the tank decreases while passage towards the last digestion chamber where
the same is completely converted to liquid;
a disinfection unit operatively connected to said last digestion chamber
providing for further disinfecting the converted liquid such as to generate
purified/environmentally safe water.
9. A stationary bio toilet system as claimed in claim 9 wherein the volume of the
chambers of the waste conversion unit can be selectively provided according to
the volume to be handled and/or the number of people using the tank and/ or
according to the type of application.
10. A stationary bio toilet system as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to 9 wherein the
chambers are provided whereby the percentage of solid wastes decreases from
the First Chamber to the last Chamber, and the percentage of water increases
from the First Chamber to the last Chamber such that the First Chamber mostly
contains mostly undigested solid waste, and the last Chamber contains the final
digested result water.
11. A stationary bio toilet system as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to 10 comprising
aeration pipes in said waste conversion unit to constantly supply air and wastes
are constantly churned with air which facilitates the bio digestion process.
12. A stationary bio toilet system as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to 11 comprising
an external bypass arrangement in the waste conversion unit whereby the non
degradable wastes like plastic bottles, packets are segregated and thrown out
of the waste conversion unit.
13. A stationary bio toilet system as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to 12 wherein
said disinfection unit comprises a Chlorination Tank including a chlorine tablet
mixing chamber and passage chamber comprising of baffle plates.

14. A stationary bio toilet system as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to 13 wherein
said chlorine tablet mixing chamber comprises of Chlorine Tablet Holder
adapted such that the bottom surface of the lowermost chlorine tablet
remains always in contact with water whereby the lowermost chlorine tablet
always floats in water and remains partially immersed.
15. A stationary bio toilet system as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to 14 wherein
the chlorinated water after mixing in said chlorine tablet mixing chamber flows
into the passage Chamber comprising baffle plates adapted to slow down the
movement of the water so that it gets sufficient time for dissolution and
disinfection of any bacteria present in the effluent water.
16. A stationary bio toilet system as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to 15 wherein
said passage chamber of the disinfection unit is maintained filled up with
chlorinated water so the mixing of the effluent water with the chlorine tablet is
a uniform process and after disinfection the chlorinated water flows out via a
Discharge means.
17. A stationary bio toilet system as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to 16 comprising
water purification unit operatively connected to the bio-digester whereby the
effluent water from the bio digester tank enters into said water purification unit
having an Ultra violet filter based water purification preferably stage wise water
purification involving successively a primary coarse filer, secondary fine filter
and finally through UV lamp to render the water fit for recycling to a recycled
water storage tank having level sensor wherefrom it is carried to said flush
tank by a water recirculation pump.
18. A stationary bio toilet system substantially as herein described and illustrated
with reference to the accompanying figures.

A stationary bio toilet system involving a bio digester tank is disclosed. More particularly,
a modular stationary bio toilet system for easy and fast installation in remote places,
villages, construction sites etc is proposed which is free of any environmental pollution.
Advantageously, the stationary bio toilet system according to the present invention is
integrated to a multi chamber bio digester tank for digestion of the toilet wastes in
presence of a bio media for complete conversion of solid wastes to environmentally clean
water, followed by a chlorine disinfection tank for safe disposal/recycling of the treated
waste/water. The stationary bio toilet module can be easily installed at stationary
location where there is a requirement, and can be disassembled and taken away to
another location when the requirement is over. A Water storage cum dispensing
subsystem ensures water supply to individual toilet units making the stationary bio toilet
system totally self sufficient.