DESC:FIELD OF INVENTION:
The present invention relates to a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising (A) Bixlozone (B) at least one herbicide selected from Pyroxasulfone and Fenoxasulfone (C) at least one more herbicide or combination thereof. The present invention also relates to process for preparing the said composition and its use as herbicide.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:
These days cultivation of crops and agriculture in general is cost intensive. Receiving a high yield from the cultivated crops is a key. Hence, to achieve higher yield, protecting crops from pests and diseases and weeds is vital.
In earlier days man power was utilized to remove weeds. Due to research and development in the field of an agriculture now a days chemicals are being used to kill or control the weeds.
It is desirable for the crop protection product to control the harmful plants effectively and, at the same time, to be tolerated by the useful plants in question. Thus selectivity of the crop protection product is essential to selectively kill the unwanted crops and saves the desired crop in the field.
The control of undesired vegetation is extremely important in order to achieve high crop efficiency. In many cases, herbicides have an effect against a spectrum of weeds; however, these herbicides may not be effective on certain type of other weeds, which may also be present in the crop to be protected. Therefore, there is a strong need for mixing two or more herbicides.
Hence, the most effective way to control weeds is the application of herbicide in accordance with the appropriate management practices with proper formulation thereof.
Treating plants with such a weedicide/herbicide(s) in appropriate formulation helps to control the weeds.
Bixlozone is a new herbicide discovered and developed by FMC’s research and development organization. It provides a new and unique selective residual weed control solution in a wide range of crops including winter cereals and will offer a new mode of action herbicide solution for many of these crops. Bixlozone provides residual control and can be applied pre-emergence or incorporated by sowing and will provide control of several key grasses and broadleaf weeds. Bixlozone chemically known as 2-[(2, 4-Dichlorophenyl) methyl]-4, 4-dimethyl-3-isoxazolidinone and chemical structure of Bixlozone is as provided below:

Pyroxasulfone was discovered by K-I Chemical Research Institute Co., Ltd. and developed by Kumiai Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. and Ihara Chemical Industry Co., Ltd. It was developed as a pre-emergence herbicide to control grass and small-seeded broadleaf weeds. A dose of 100–250 g a.i. /ha of Pyroxasulfone was sufficient to control these weeds. In fields of genetically modified crops, Pyroxasulfone controlled weeds that were resistant to non-selective herbicides. Pyroxasulfone has been classified in the Herbicide Resistance Action Committee Group K3, and inhibits the biosynthesis of very-long-chain fatty acids in plants. Pyroxasulfone chemically known as 3-[[5-(difluoromethoxy)-1-methyl-3-(trifluoromethyl) pyrazol-4-yl] methylsulfonyl]-5, 5-dimethyl-4H-1, 2-oxazole and chemical structure of Pyroxasulfone is as provided below:

Fenoxasulfone {3-[(2, 5-dichloro-4-ethoxyphenyl) methylsulfonyl]-4, 5-dihydro-5, 5-dimethyl-isoxazole}; code name, KIH1419) is a novel herbicide for use in paddy-field rice. This herbicide was discovered in research on 3-sulfonylisoxazole derivatives as paddy-field herbicides.1) Fenoxasulfone at the field application rate of 20 g a.i. /10 at provides high efficacy on both grass and broad leaf weeds, especially barnyard grass, monochoria, and annual broad leaf weeds, such as false pimpernel and chemical structure of Fenoxasulfone is as provided below:

Various kinds of agrochemical formulations are developed based upon active ingredients and scope of application thereof. Pesticides for agriculture purpose are available both in the pure form and as well as incorporated into agrochemical formulations, which typically comprise one or more active ingredients (AIs) and additional excipients substances that enhance the effects and facilitate the application thereof, such as carriers, adjuvants or additives. These formulations can be directly applied after being diluted and the spray mixture formed. The formulation type to be used is primarily defined on the basis of physicochemical characteristics of the AI(s) and can be: Capsule suspension (CS), Dispersible concentrate (DC), Emulsifiable concentrate (EC), Emulsion-water in oil (EO), Emulsion-oil in water (EW), Jambo balls or bags (bags in water soluble pouch), Micro-emulsion (ME), Oil dispersion (OD), Oil miscible flowable concentrate (oil miscible suspension (OF), Oil miscible liquid (OL), Suspension concentrate (SC), Suspo-emulsion (SE), Soluble concentrate (SL), Water dispersible granule (WG or WDG), Water soluble granule (SG), Water soluble powder (SP), Wettable powder (WP), A mixed formulation of CS and SC (ZC), A mixed formulation of CS and SE (ZE), A mixed formulation of CS and EW (ZW), Granule (GR) / Soil Applied Granules (SAG), Controlled release granules (CR).
Therefore there is further need and scope in the formulation development of comprising one or more active ingredients with better stability profile and increases the synergistic effect of the active ingredients, reduces the toxicity with less introduction of toxic material in environment, which may reduce the dose of the pesticides and eventually produce less chemicals in environment, with better safety profile for contact herbicides.
CN113170790 relates to Weeding composition containing Profoxydim and Bixlozone. The present invention provides a weeding composition containing Profoxydim and Bixlozone. The active ingredients of the weeding composition comprise profoxydim and bixlozone, wherein a mass ratio of profoxydim to bixlozone in the weeding composition is 10: 1 to 1: 10. Within the above proportioning range, the composition not only has a remarkable control effect on gramineous weeds in a rice field, but also has a remarkable control effect on ryegrass and beckmannia syzigachne in a wheat field, is suitable for controlling weeds in a crop rotation field, and has the characteristics of wide weed control spectrum, good control effect, safety and harmlessness.
JP2020055787A relates to Pest control agent composition and method of using the same. The present invention contains, as a first active ingredient, Bixlozone or a salt thereof, and as a second active ingredient, one or more compounds selected from a compound having a pesticidal activity or a salt thereof. The present invention relates to a pesticidal composition and a method for using the same. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a method for controlling pests utilizing the synergistic effect of the compound combination.
WO2020118754A1 relates to Ternary weeding composition containing Pyroxasulfone and use thereof. The present invention belongs to the field of pesticides, and in particular relates to a ternary weeding composition containing pyroxasulfone and the use thereof. The ternary weeding composition comprises herbicidally effective amounts of active ingredient A, active ingredient B and active ingredient C, wherein the active ingredient A is pyroxasulfone, the active ingredient B is isoxaflutole or triazole sulcotrione, and the active ingredient C is selected from one or more of the following compounds: mesotrione, bipyrazone, fenpyrazone, oxadiazon, pentoxazone, pyraclonil and oxyfluorfen. The composition can effectively control common weeds in crop fields, and has the characteristics of having an expanded herbicidal spectrum, a reduced application amount, being safe for crops, being capable of producing a synergistic effect, eliminating resistant weeds, etc.
CN107087621 relates to a kind of Herbicidal combinations containing Oxadiargyl and Fenoxasulfone. The present invention The invention provides a kind of synergistic herbicidal compositions containing oxadiargyl and fenoxasulfone, it is characterized in that including active components A and B, wherein, A is oxadiargyl and fenoxasulfone, B is one or more kinds of combinations in penoxsuam, cyhalofop-butyl, halosulfuronmethyl, pyribenzoxim, piperazine pyrazosulfuron, cafenstrole, also include the auxiliary agent that can be used in Pesticide formulation, conventional pesticidal preparations are made, and applied to the unwanted plant of preventing and treating.
IN 201917034270 relates to Herbicidal mixtures containing 2-[2,4-dichlorophenyl)methyl]4,4-dimethyl-3-isoxazolidinone, pyroxasulfone and mefenpyr-diethyl. he present invention relates to herbicidal mixtures comprising (i) 2-[(2,4- dichlorophenyl)methyl]-4,4-dimethyl-3-isoxazolidinone, (ii) pyroxasulfone and (iii) 5 mefenpyr-diethyl, and also to herbicidal compositions comprising these mixtures. Furthermore, the present invention relates to a process for preparing these herbicidal mixtures and compositions comprising these mixtures. Furthermore, the invention relates to the use of the mixtures and compositions mentioned in the field of agriculture for controlling harmful plants.
However still there is a need for a synergistic herbicidal composition which overcomes some of the existing problems and can be prepares easily without much complex manufacturing process.
The main objective of the present invention is to provide a synergistic herbicidal composition effective for controlling undesired vegetation including weeds such as grassy weeds, broad leaved weeds and sedges.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide a synergistic herbicidal one-shot formulation effective for controlling undesired vegetation including weeds such as grassy weeds, broad leaved weeds and sedges.
Yet another objective of the present invention is to provide a synergistic herbicidal which can quickly absorb by the treated leaves of the weeds and germination weed’s roots and shoots.
Yet another objective of the present invention is to provide a synergistic herbicidal which can overcome the crop injury.
Yet another objective of the present invention is to provide a synergistic herbicidal formulation/composition which can help in controlling undesired vegetation when applying before and after germination of undesired vegetation, i.e. as pre-emergence (before weed and crop germination), post-emergence (after weed and crop germination)
Yet another objective of the present invention is to provide a process for the preparation of a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising the active ingredients of the present invention and excipients suitable for such an herbicidal composition.
Therefore an aspect of the present invention is to provide novel synergistic herbicidal composition comprising of (A) Bixlozone (B) at least one herbicide selected from Pyroxasulfone and Fenoxasulfone (C) at least one more herbicide or combination thereof can provide solution to the above mentioned problems.
Further Inventors of the present invention have surprisingly found that the novel synergistic herbicidal composition comprising of (A) Bixlozone (B) at least one herbicide selected from Pyroxasulfone and Fenoxasulfone (C) at least one more herbicide or combination thereof with suitable formulation provides synergistic herbicidal effect.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION:
Therefore an aspect of the present invention provides a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising bioactive amount (A) Bixlozone (B) at least one herbicide selected from Pyroxasulfone and Fenoxasulfone (C) at least one more herbicide or combination thereof; along with formulation excipients.
Yet another object of the present synergistic herbicidal composition comprising bioactive amount of (A) Bixlozone is present in the range of 1% to 40% w/w; (B) at least one herbicide selected from Pyroxasulfone and Fenoxasulfone is in the range of 1% to 20% w/w; (C) at least one more herbicide is in the range of 0.1% to 40% w/w or combination thereof that controls harmful weeds.
In an another aspect in the present invention, an herbicide may be selected from Pendimethalin, Metolachlor, S-Metolachlor, Cinmethylin, Flumioxazine, Trifludimoxazin, Flufenacet, Mefenacet, Clodinafop-Propargyl, Pinoxaden, Flucarbazone sodium, Thiencarbazone methyl, Pyrasulfotole, Bromoxynil, Metribuzin, Isoproturon, Clomazone, Sulfosulfuron, Metsulfuron methyl, Triasulfuron, Mesosulfuron, Iodosulfuron, Bicyclopyrone, Diflufenican.
Accordingly, in a yet another aspect the herbicidal composition for comprising (A) Bixlozone (B) at least one herbicide selected from Pyroxasulfone and Fenoxasulfone (C) at least one more herbicide or combination thereof wherein the formulations selected from Capsule suspension (CS), Dispersible concentrate (DC), Emulsifiable concentrate (EC), Emulsion-water in oil (EO), Emulsion-oil in water (EW), Jambo balls or bags (bags in water soluble pouch), Micro-emulsion (ME), Oil dispersion (OD), Oil miscible flowable concentrate (oil miscible suspension (OF), Oil miscible liquid (OL), Suspension concentrate (SC), Suspo-emulsion (SE), Soluble concentrate (SL), Water dispersible granule (WG or WDG), Water soluble granule (SG), Water soluble powder (SP), Wettable powder (WP), Zeon Concentrate (ZC) formulation [mixed formulation of CS and SC (ZC)], A mixed formulation of CS and SE (ZE), A mixed formulation of CS and EW (ZW), Granule (GR) / Soil Applied Granules (SAG), Controlled release granules (CR).
The remainder of the aqueous formulation is preferably wholly water but may comprise other materials, such as inorganic salts. The formulation is preferably, completely free from organic solvents.
Accordingly, in a first aspect, the present invention provides herbicidal composition comprising (A) Bixlozone is present in the range of 1% to 40% w/w; (B) at least one herbicide selected from Pyroxasulfone and Fenoxasulfone is in the range of 1% to 20% w/w; (C) at least one more herbicide is in the range of 0.1% to 40% w/w with suitable formulation excipients and formulations thereof show synergistic effect.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION:
Formulation technology in the field of an agriculture is now seen as an “enabling technology” which can provide safe and effective products which are convenient to use. It can also modify the toxicity of active ingredients and improve their ability to target a specific pest. At a time when the discovery of new agrochemical compounds is more difficult and certainly a high risk and expensive operation, formulation technology can extent the useful patent life of an active ingredient. It can also provide a competitive edge by improving product quality of existing.
The term "synergistic", as used herein, refers the combined action of two or more active
agents blended together and administered conjointly that is greater than the sum of their
individual effects.
"Bioactive amounts” as mentioned herein means that amount which, when applied treatment of crops, is sufficient to effect such treatment.
Therefore an aspect of the present invention provides a synergistic herbicidal composition comprising bioactive amount (A) Bixlozone (B) at least one herbicide selected from Pyroxasulfone and Fenoxasulfone (C) at least one more herbicide or combination thereof.
In another preferred embodiment of the invention, synergistic Weed controlled according to the method of the invention.
In an embodiment present inventors combination of the present invention synergistic herbicidal composition comprising bioactive amount of amount (A) Bixlozone (B) at least one herbicide selected from Pyroxasulfone and Fenoxasulfone (C) at least one more herbicide or combination thereof.
In an embodiment of the present invention, an herbicide are selected from, Pendimethalin, Metolachlor, S-Metolachlor, Cinmethylin, Flumioxazine, Trifludimoxazin, Flufenacet, Mefenacet, Clodinafop-Propargyl, Pinoxaden, Flucarbazone sodium, Thiencarbazone methyl, Pyrasulfotole, Bromoxynil, Metribuzin, Isoproturon, Clomazone, Sulfosulfuron, Metsulfuron methyl, Triasulfuron, Mesosulfuron, Iodosulfuron, Bicyclopyrone, Diflufenican.
The synergistic herbicidal composition comprising bioactive amount of (A) Bixlozone (B) at least one herbicide selected from Pyroxasulfone and Fenoxasulfone (C) at least one more herbicide or combination thereof. An herbicidal synergistic composition of present invention controls all kind of monocots, dicots and sedges weeds. The present synergistic herbicidal combinations also controls annual and perennial weeds.
The most common weeds controlled by present inventions are Abutilon indicum, Acalypha indica, Acanthospermum hispidum, Achyranthes aspera, Aerva tomentosa, Ageratum conyzoides, Alhagi camelorum, Amaranthus hybridus, Amaranthus spinosus, Amaranthus viridis, Ammannia baccifera, Anagallis arvensis, Argemone mexicana, Artemisia nilagiricia, Asphodelus tenuifolius, Avena fatua, Avena ludoviciana, Bidens pilosa, Boerhaavia diffusa, Boerhavia repanda, Brachiaria mutica, Brassica kaber, Bromus tectorum, Calotropis gigantea, Cannabis sativa, Carthamus axyacantha, Cassia tora, Celosia argentea, Centella asiatica, Chenopodium album, Chenopodium murale, Chloris barbata, Chrozophora rottlerii, Cichorium intybus, Cirsium arvense, Clitoria ternatea, Cnicus arvensis, Commelina benghalensis, Commelina communis, Convolvulus arvensis, Conyza canadensis, Corchorus acutangulus, Coronopus didymus, Crotalaria serice, Cucumis callosus, Cuscuta campestris, Cuscuta chinensis, Cynodon dactylon, Cyanotis axillaris, Cyperus esculenthus, Cyperus iria, Cyperus rotundus, Dactyloctenium aegyptium, Datura stramonium, Daucus carota, Digera arvensis, Digitaria sanguinalis, Dinebra retroflexa, Echinochola colonum, Echinochola crusgalli, Eclipta alba, Eichhornia crassipes, Elephantopus scaber, Eleusine indica, Eragrostis major, Euphorbia geniculata, Euphorbia hirta, Fimbristylis miliacea, Fumaria indica, Gynandropsis gynandra, Heliotropium indicum, Indigofera glandulosa, Ipomea aquatica, Lantana camara, Lathyrus aphaca, Launaea asplenifolia, Launaea nudicaulis, Leucas aspera, Ludwigia parviflora, Marsilea quadrifoliata, Medicago denticulate, Mimosa pudica, Melilotus alba, Melilotus indica, Ocimum canum, Oenothera biennis, Opuntia dillenil, Orobanche ramosa, Oryza longistaminata, Oryza sativa, Oxalis corniculata, Oxalis latifolia, Parthenium hysterophorus, Paspalum sanguinale, Phalaris minor, Phyllanthus niruri, Physalis minima, Polypogon monspeliensis, Portulaca oleracea, Prosopis juliflora, Rumex dentatus, Saccharum spontaneum, Stearia glauca, Seteria viridis, Sida spinosa, Silene antirrhina, Sisymbrium irio, Solanum nigrum, Solanum surattense, Sonchus oleraceous, Sorghum halepense, Spergula arvensis, Sphenocleazeylanica Gaertn, Striga asiatica, Tagetes minuta, Trianthema monogyna, Trianthema portulacastrum, Tribulus terrestris, Trigonelia polycerata, Vernonia cinerea, Vicia sativa and Xanthium strumarium.
In an another embodiment of the present invention synergistic herbicidal composition comprising bioactive amount of (A) Bixlozone (B) at least one herbicide selected from Pyroxasulfone and Fenoxasulfone (C) at least one more herbicide or combination thereof. The combination of the present invention allows for the control of grass and broadleaved weeds in a wide range of crops. The broad spectrum of the present combination also provides a solution for preventing the development of resistance.
In an another embodiment of the present invention synergistic herbicidal composition of the present invention is effective for controlling undesired vegetation including weeds such as grassy weeds, broad leaved weeds and sedges; and an one-shot formulation effective for controlling undesired vegetation including weeds such as grassy weeds, broad leaved weeds and sedges.
In an embodiment of the present invention synergistic herbicidal composition can quickly absorb by the treated leaves of the weeds and germination weed’s roots and shoots and provide a synergistic herbicidal which can overcome the crop injury.
In an embodiment of the present invention synergistic herbicidal composition help in controlling undesired vegetation when applying before and after germination of undesired vegetation, i.e. as pre-emergence (before weed and crop germination), post-emergence (after weed and crop germination)
In one embodiment of the present invention, the synergistic herbicidal composition of the present invention is effective in crops selected from Examples of the crops on which the present compositions may be used include GMO (Genetically Modified Organism) and Non GMO traits, hybrids and conventional varieties of Cotton (Gossypium spp.), Paddy (Oryza sativa), Wheat (Triticum aestavum), Barley (Hordeum vulgare), Maize (Zea mays), Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor), Oat (Avena sativa), Pearl millet (Pennisetum glaucum), Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum), Sugarbeet (Beta vulgaris), Soybean (Glycin max), Groundnut/Peanut (Arachis hypogaea), Sunflower (Helianthus annuus), Mustard (Brassica juncea), Rape seed (Brassica napus), Sesame (Sesamum indicum), Green gram (Vigna radiata), Black gram (Vigna mungo), Chickpea (Cicer aritinum), Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata), Red gram (Cajanus cajan), French bean (Phaseolus vulgaris), Indian bean (Lablab purpureus), Horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum), Field pea (Pisum sativum), Cluster bean (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba), Lentils (Lens culinaris), Brinjal (Solanum melongena), Cabbage (Brassica oleracea var. capitata), Cauliflower (Brassica oleracea var. botrytis), Okra (Abelmoschus esculentus), Onion (Allium cepa L.), Tomato (Solanum lycopersicun), Potato (Solanum tuberosum), Sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas), Chilly (Capsicum annum), Bell pepper (Capsicum annum), Garlic (Allium sativum), Cucumber (Cucumis sativus), Muskmelons (Cucumis melo), Watermelon (Citrullus lanatus), Bottle gourd (Lagenaria siceraria), Bitter gourd (Momordica charantia), Radish (Raphanus sativus), Carrot (Dacus carota subsp. sativus), Turnip (Brassica rapa rapa), Apple (Melus domestica), Banana (Musa spp.), Citrus groups (Citrus spp.), Grape (Vitis vinifera), Guava (Psidium guajava), Mango (Mangifera indica), Papaya (Carica papaya), Pineapple (Ananas comosus), Pomegranate (Punica granatum), Sapota (Manilkara zapota), Tea (Camellia sinensis), Coffea (Coffea Arabica), Turmeric (Curcuma longa), Ginger (Zingiber officinale), Cumin (Cuminum cyminum), Black Pepper (Piper nigrum), Mentha ( Mentha spp.), Rose (Rosa spp.), Jasmine (Jasminum spp.), Marigold ( Tagetes spp.), Common daisy (Bellis perennis), Dahlia (Dahlia hortnesis), Gerbera ( Gerbera jamesonii), Carnation (Dianthus caryophyllus).
Crops are to be understood as also including those crops which have been rendered tolerant to herbicides or classes of herbicides (e.g. ALS-, GS-, EPSPS-, PPO-, ACCase- and HPPD-inhibitors) by conventional methods of breeding or by genetic engineering. An example of a crop that has been rendered tolerant to imidazolinones, e.g. imazamox, by conventional methods of breeding is Clearfield® summer rape (canola). Examples of crops that have been rendered tolerant to herbicides by genetic engineering methods include e.g. glyphosate- and glufosinate-resistant maize varieties commercially available under the trade names RoundupReady® and LibertyLink®.
Crops are also to be understood as being those which have been rendered resistant to harmful insects by genetic engineering methods, for example Bt maize (resistant to European corn borer), Bt cotton (resistant to cotton boll weevil) and also Bt potatoes (resistant to Colorado beetle). Examples of Bt maize are the Bt 176 maize hybrids of NK® (Syngenta Seeds). The Bt toxin is a protein that is formed naturally by Bacillus thuringiensis soil bacteria. Examples of toxins, or transgenic plants able to synthesise such toxins, are described in EP-A-451 878, EP-A-374 753, WO 93/07278, WO 95/34656, WO 03/052073 and EP-A-427 529. Examples of transgenic plants comprising one or more genes that code for an insecticidal resistance and express one or more toxins are KnockOut® (maize), Yield Gard® (maize), NuCOTIN33B® (cotton), Bollgard® (cotton), NewLeaf® (potatoes), NatureGard® and Protexcta®. Plant crops or seed material thereof can be both resistant to herbicides and, at the same time, resistant to insect feeding (“stacked” transgenic events). For example, seed can have the ability to express an insecticidal Cry3 protein while at the same time being tolerant to glyphosate.
Crops are also to be understood to include those which are obtained by conventional methods of breeding or genetic engineering and contain so-called output traits (e.g. improved storage stability, higher nutritional value and improved flavour).
Other useful plants include turf grass for example in golf-courses, lawns, parks and roadsides, or grown commercially for sod, and ornamental plants such as flowers or bushes.
The present invention of synergistic herbicidal composition comprising (A) Bixlozone (B) at least one herbicide selected from Pyroxasulfone and Fenoxasulfone (C) at least one more herbicide or combination thereof.
The present synergistic herbicidal composition comprising bioactive amount of (A) Bixlozone is in the range of 1% to 40% w/w; (B) at least one herbicide selected from Pyroxasulfone and Fenoxasulfone is in the range of 1% to 20% w/w; (C) at least one more herbicide is in the range of 0.1% to 40% w/w of the composition.
The composition of the present invention in addition to bioactive amounts of active ingredients further comprises inactive formulation excipients including but not limited to wetting agents, wetting-spreading-penetrating agent, dispersant or dispersing agent, anti-freezing agent, emulsifying agent, anti-foam agent, preservatives, solvents, co-solvents, preservative, stabilizer, diluent, carriers, suspension aid or suspending agent, thickener, and buffering agent.
Wall forming material-1 for the present Capsule suspension (CS) formulation is selected from and not limited to Tetramethylene diisocyanate, pentamethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, diphenylmethene-4,4’-diisocyanate, polymethylene polyphenylene isocyanate, 2,4,4’-diphenyl ether tri-isocyanate, 3,3’-dimethyl-4,4’-diphenyl diisocyanate, 3,3’-dimethoxy-4,4’-diphenyl diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthylene diisocyanate and 4,4’4"-triphenylmethane tri-isocyanate, toluene diisocyanate or polymethylene polyphenylisocyanate, polyurethane comprising of polyfunctional iso cyanate and a polyamine in polarized form;
Wall forming material-2 for the present Capsule suspension (CS) formulation is selected from and not limited to Ammonia, hexamine, ethylenediamine, propylene-1,3-diamine, tetramethylenediamine, pentamethylenediamine, 1,6-hexamethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetra ethylene pentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, 4,9-dioxadodecane-1, 12-diamine, 1,3- phenylenediamine, 2,4- and 2,6-toluenediamine and 4,4’-diaminodiphenylmethane, 1,3-phenylenediamine, 2,4- and 2,6-toluenediamine, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 1,5-diaminonaphthalene, 1,3,5-triaminobenzene, 2,4,6-triaminotoluene, 1,3,6-triaminonaphthalene, 2,4,4'-triaminodiphenyl ether, 3,4,5-triamino-1,2,4-triazole and 1,4,5,8-tetraminoanthraquinone;
Dispersing agents for the present Capsule suspension (CS) formulation is selected from and not limited to Ethoxylated lignosulfonic acid salts, lignosulfonic acid salts, oxidized lignins, lignin salts, salts of styrenemaleic anhydride copolymers, polyvinyl alcohol, salts of partial esters of styrene-maleic anhydride copolymers, partial salts of polyacrylic acid and partial salts of polyacrylic acid terpolymers. the surfactant is lignosulfonate of calcium or sodium or mixtures thereof or a modified kraft lignin with a high sulfonic acid group , dibutylnaphthalenesulfonic acid ,fatty acids, alkyl- and alkylarylsulfonates, alkyl sulfates, lauryl ether sulfates and fatty alcohol sulfates, and salts of sulfated hexa-, hepta- and octadecanols and of fatty alcohol glycol ethers, condensates of sulfonated naphthalene and its derivatives with formaldehyde, condensates of naphthalene or of the naphthalenesulfonic acids with phenol and formaldehyde, polyoxyethylene octylphenol ether, ethoxylated isooctyl-, octyl- or nonylphenol, alkyl phenyl polyglycol ethers, tributyl phenyl polyglycol ethers, alkyl aryl polyether alcohols, is tridecyl alcohol, fatty alcohol/ethylene oxide condensates, ethoxylated castor oil, polyoxyethylene alkyl ethers or polyoxypropylene alkyl ethers, lauryl alcohol polyglycol ether acetate, sorbitol esters, lignin-sulphite waste liquors, and proteins, denatured proteins, polysaccharides , ammonium salts of sulfonates, sulfates, phosphates or carboxylates, alkylarylsulfonates, diphenyl sulfonates, alpha-olefin sulfonates, sulfonates of fatty acids and oils, sulfonates of ethoxylated alkylphenols, sulfonates of condensed naphthalene, sulfonates of dodecyl- and tridecyl benzenes, sulfonates of naphthalene and alkylnaphthalenes, sulfosuccinates or sulfosuccinates, alkoxylates, N-alkylated fatty acid amides, amine oxides, esters or sugar-based surfactants, alkylphenols, amines (e.g. tallow amine), amides, aryl phenols, fatty acids or fatty acid esters which have been alkoxylated. Ethylene oxide and/or propylene oxide may be employed for the alkoxylation, preferably ethylene oxide, polyethylene oxide and polypropylene oxide, polyacids or polybases;
Wetting agent for the present Capsule suspension (CS) formulation is selected from and not limited to Ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer, Polyarylphenyl ether phosphate, Ethoxylated Fatty Alcohol, Polycondensate of polypropylene glycol with ethylene oxide, Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium lauryl sulphate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, alkyl diphenyl sulfonates, sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, Alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, Octyl phenol ethoxylate, alkyl phenol ethoxylate;
Wetting-spreading-penetrating agent for the present Capsule suspension (CS) formulation is selected from and not limited to Organosilicone surfactants includes trisiloxane ethoxylate, polydimethylsiloxane, polyoxyethylene methyl polysiloxane, polyoxyalkylene methyl polysiloxane, polyether polymethyl siloxane copolymer, heptamethyl trisiloxane, Polyalkyleneoxide modified heptamethyl trisiloxane, polyether modified polysiloxane, 10 mole ethylene oxide adduct of octylphenol, may or may not be in modified form, may be liquid or powder form or mixture thereof etc;
Solvent for the present Capsule suspension (CS) formulation is selected from and not limited to Hydrocarbon solvent such a an aliphatic, cyclic and aromatic hydrocarbons (e.g. toluene, xylene, paraffin, tetrahydronaphthalene, alkylated naphthalene or their derivatives, mineral oil fractions of medium to high boiling point (such as kerosene, diesel oil, coal tar oils)); a vegetable oil such as corn oil, rapeseed oil; a fatty acid ester such as C1-C10-alkylester of a C10-C22-fatty acid; or, methyl- or ethyl esters of vegetable oils such as rapeseed oil methyl ester or corn oil methyl ester, acetophenone, 2-Heptanon , 3-heptanone, 2-hexanone, 5-methyl-2-hexanone , 5-methyl-3-heptanone, 3-methyl-2-hexanone , 4-methyl-2-hexanone, 2-methyl-3-hexanone, 4-methyl-3-hexanone , 5-methyl-3-hexanone , 3-ethyl-2-pentanone , 3,3-dimethyl-2-pentanone , 3,4-dimethyl-2-pentanone, 4,4-dimethyl-2-pentanone , 2,2-dimethyl-3-pentanone , 2,4-dimethyl-3-pentanone, 2-octanone , 2,5-dimethyl-3-hexanone , 2,2-dimethyl-3-hexanone , 3,3-dimethyl-2-hexanone, 3,4-dimethyl-2-hexanone, 4,4-dimethyl-3-hexanone , 3-ethyl-4-methyl-2-pentanone , 2-methyl-3-heptanone, 2-methyl-4-heptanone, 3-methyl-2-heptanone, 3-methyl-4-heptanone, 5-methyl-3-heptanone, 6-methyl-2-heptanone , 6-methyl-3-heptanone, 3-octanone, 4-octanone, 2,2,4-trimethyl-3-pentanone , 3-ethyl-3-methyl-2-pentanone, 5-methyl-2-heptanone, isoprene;
Thickener for the present Capsule suspension (CS) formulation is selected from and not limited to Xanthan gum, Carboxy methyl cellulose, Attapulgite clay, Bentonite clay;
Suspending agent for the present Capsule suspension (CS) formulation is selected from and not limited to Aluminium Magnesium Silicate, Bentonite clay, Silica, Attapulgite clay;
Antifoaming agent for the present Capsule suspension (CS) formulation is selected from and not limited to silicone oil, silicone compound, C10~C20 saturated fat acid compounds or C8~C10 aliphatic alcohols compound, Silicone antifoam emulsion, Dimethyl siloxane, Polydimethyl siloxane, Vegetable oil based antifoam, tallow based fatty acids, polyalkyleneoxide modified polydimethylsiloxane etc;
Antifreezing agent for the present Capsule suspension (CS) formulation is selected from and not limited to ethylene glycol, propane diols, glycerine or the urea, Glycol (Monoethylene glycol, Diethylene glycol, Polypropylene glycol, Polyethylene glycol), Glycerine, Urea, Magnesium sulphate heptahydrate, sodium chloride etc;
Preservative for the present Capsule suspension (CS) formulation is selected from and not limited to 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3(2H)-one, sodium salt, Sodium benzoate, 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol, Formaldehyde, Sodium o-phenyl phenate, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one & 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one;
Buffering agent for the present Capsule suspension (CS) formulation is selected from and not limited to Sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, acetic acid, sulphuric acid, hydrochloric acid, ortho phosphoric acid, ammonium hydroxide.
Wetting agent for the present Suspension Concentrate (SC) formulation is selected from and not limited to ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer, polyarylphenyl ether phosphate, polyalkoxylated butyl ether, ethoxylated fatty alcohol, sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, alkyl diphenyl sulfonates, sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, organosilicons surfactants (as a wetting-spreading-penetrating agent) includes trisiloxane ethoxylate, polydimethylsiloxane, polyoxyethylene methyl polysiloxane, polyoxyalkylene methyl polysiloxane, polyether polymethyl siloxane copolymer, heptamethyl trisiloxane, modified form includes polyalkyleneoxide modified heptamethyl trisiloxane, polyether modified polysiloxane, polyalkyleneoxide modified trisiloxane, polyalkyleneoxide modified polydimethylsiloxane, trisiloxane ethoxylate, polyoxyethylene methyl polysiloxane, polyether polymethyl siloxane copolymer, polyether modified polysiloxane; may or may not be in modified form, may be liquid or powder form or mixture thereof etc.;
Dispersing agent for the present Suspension Concentrate (SC) formulation is selected from and not limited to Naphthalene sulfonic acid, sodium salt condensated with formaldehyde, alkylated naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt, sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonate condensate, sodium ligno sulfonate, sodium polycarboxylate, EO/PO based copolymer, phenol sulfonate, sodium methyl oleoyl taurate, styrene acrylic acid copolymer, propylene oxide-ethylene oxide-copolymer, polyethylene glycol 2,4,6-tristyrylphenyl ether, tristyrylphenol-polyglycol ether-phosphate, tristyrylphenole with 16 moles EO, tristyrylphenol-polyglycol ether-phosphate, oleyl-polyglycol ether with ethylene oxide, tallow fatty amine polyethylene oxide, nonylphenol polyglycol ether with 9-10 moles ethylene oxide;
Suspending agent for the present Suspension Concentrate (SC) formulation is selected from and not limited to aluminum magnesium silicate, bentonite clay, silica, attapulgite clay;
Antifoaming agent for the present Suspension Concentrate (SC) formulation is selected from and not limited to silicone oil, silicone compound, C10~C20 saturated fat acid compounds or C8~C10 aliphatic alcohols compound, silicone antifoam emulsion, dimethyl siloxane, polydimethyl siloxane, vegetable oil based antifoam, tallow based fatty acids, polyalkyleneoxide modified polydimethylsiloxane etc;
Anti-freezing agent for the present Suspension Concentrate (SC) formulation is selected from and not limited to ethylene glycol, propane diols, glycerin or the urea, glycol (monoethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol), glycerin, urea, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, sodium chloride etc;
Preservatives for the present Suspension Concentrate (SC) formulation is selected from and not limited to 1,2-benzisothiazolin-3(2H)-one, sodium salt, sodium benzoate, 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol, formaldehyde, sodium o-phenyl phenate, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one & 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one.
Thickeners for the present Suspension Concentrate (SC) formulation is selected from and not limited to xanthan gum, PVK, carboxymethyl celluloses, polyvinyl alcohols, gelatin, sodium carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, sodium polyacrylate, modified starch, acacia gum;
Humectant for the present Suspension Concentrate (SC) formulation is selected from and not limited to urea, humic acid, glycerol, lactose.
Wetting cum spreading agent cum penetrant cum co-solvent for the present Suspo Emulsion (SE) formulation is selected from and not limited to Blend of methylated or ethylated oil, organo-silicone surfactant and emulsifier cum surfactant. The methylated or ethylated oil includes any one or blend of two or more oil. The oil may be selected from pongamia oil (Milletia pinnata), palm oil (Elaeis spp.), mahua (Madhuca longifolia) oil, jojoba oil, soybean (Glycine max) oil, groundnut (Arachis hypogaea) oil, rapeseed (Brassica napus subspecies) oil, mustard (Brassica juncea) oil, sesame (Sesamum indicum) oil, corn (Zea mays) oil, rice (Oryza sativa) bran oil, castor (Ricinum communis) seed oil, cotton (Gossypium hirsutum) seed oil, linseed (Linum usitatissimum), coconut (Cocos nucifera) oil, kapok (Ceiba pentandra) oil, papaya (Carica papaya) seed oil, tea seed (Camellia oleifera) oil, sunflower (Helianthus annuus) oil, safflower (Carthamus tinctorius) seed oil, eucalyptus (Eucalyptus globulus) oil, olive (Olea europaea) oil, jatropha (Jatropha curcas) oil, garlic acid (Allium sativum), ginger oil (Zingiber officinale), d-limonene, citronella oil or ceylon ironwood (Mesua ferrea) oil.
The content of methylated or ethylated seed oil varies from 60 to 90% w/w. The organosilicon surfactant includes trisiloxane ethoxylate, polyalkyleneoxide modified trisiloxane, polydimethylsiloxane, polyoxyethylene methyl polysiloxane, polyoxyalkylene methyl polysiloxane, polyether polymethyl siloxane copolymer, heptamethyl trisiloxane, Polyalkyleneoxide modified heptamethyl trisiloxane, polyether modified polysiloxane. It may be liquid or powder form. The content of organo silicone surfactant varies from 10 to 40% w/w.
Emulsifier cum surfactant such as alkylphenol ethoxylate, poly fatty acid esters+ polyethoxylated esters; ethoxylated fatty alcohol, sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium lauryl sulphate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, alkyl diphenyl sulfonates, sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, alkyl phenol ethoxylate, (1 to 5% w/w) added to bridge the oil and organosilicon surfactant.
Example of Super wetting cum spreading agent cum penetrant cum co-solvent is blend of methylated oil (75% w/w) and polyalkyleneoxide modified trisiloxane (20% w/w) and ethoxylated fatty alcohol (5% w/w), blend of methylated oil (73% w/w) and polyalkyleneoxide modified heptamethyl trisiloxane (23% w/w) and alkylphenol ethoxylate (4% w/w).blend of methylated oil (72% w/w) and polyether modified polysiloxane (25% w/w) and sodium lauryl sulphate (3% w/w).
Green solvent cum emulsifier for the present Suspo Emulsion (SE) formulation is selected from and not limited to N,N decanamide chemistry (Armid series), Propylene carbonate (Jeffsol series) or 2 ethylhexyl lactate base solvent (purasolve series). The examples of N,N decanamide chemistry (Armid series) are N,N-Dimethyloctanamide, N,N-Dimethylethylamine, N,N-Dimethyl ethanamide, N,N-Dimethylmethanamide Dimethylformamide.
Wetting agent cum penetrant for the present Suspo Emulsion (SE) formulation is selected from and not limited to polyoxyethylene, polyhydric alcohol or silicone base surfactant.
The polyoxyethylene surfactant may, for example, be a polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, a polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester, formalin condensate of a polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether, a polyoxyethylene alkyl ether, a polyoxyethylene aryl ether, polyoxyethylene (mono-, di- or tri-)phenyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene (mono-, di- or tri-)benzyl phenyl ether, polyoxypropylene (mono-, di- or tri-)benzyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene (mono-, di- or tri-)styryl phenyl ether, polyoxypropylene (mono-, di- or tri-)styryl phenyl ether, a polymer of polyoxyethylene (mono-, di- or tri-)styryl phenyl ether, a polyoxyethylene/polyoxypropylene block polymer, an alkyl polyoxyethylene/polyoxypropylene block polymer ether, an alkylphenyl polyoxy ethylene/polyoxy propylene block polymer ether, a polyoxyethylene bisphenyl ether, a polyoxy ethylene resinate, a polyoxyethylene fatty acid amide, an alkylphenoxy polyethoxy ethanol, polyoxy ethylene nonylphenoxy ether, a polyoxyethylene alkylamine or a polyoxyethylene rosin ester.
Further, the polyoxyethylene surfactant may be used as mixed with silicone base surfactant or polyhydric alcohol surfactant, sulfonate surfactant, vegetable oil, etc.
Specific examples of the polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether include polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene nonyl phenoxy ether, 4-nonylphenyl-polyethylene glycol, octylphenoxypolyethoxyethanol, polyoxyethylene nonyl pheno, polyoxyethylene octyl phenyl ether, polyoxyethylene styryl phenyl ether and a polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether.
Specific examples of the polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester include a lanolin fatty acid polyethylene glycol ester, a polyoxyethylene C16-C18 fatty acid ester, a polyoxyethylene resinate and a polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester.
Specific examples of the polyoxyethylene alkylamine include polyoxyethylene oleylamine,
Specific examples of the polyoxyethylene alkyl ether include polyoxyethylene tridecyl ether, an alkyl aryl polyoxyalkene ether, N,N-Bis2-omega-hydroxypolyoxyethylene alkylamine
The polyhydric alcohol surfactant may, for example, the polyhydric alcohol surfactant include a polyoxyethylenehexitan fatty acid ester, a polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, a sorbitan fatty acid ester, mixture with a polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester and a dialkyldimethylammonium polynaphthylmethanesulfonate, polyethylene glycol isotridecyl ester, polyethylene glycol monooleate, polyethylene glycol monostearate and a mixture of a polyhydric alcohol fatty acid ester and a polyhydric alcohol polyethylene oxide fatty acid ester.
The silicone surfactant may, for example, be polyoxyethylene methylpolysiloxane, polyoxyethylene heptamethyltrisiloxane, polyoxyalkylene oxypropylheptamethyltrisiloxane, polyoxyethylene propylheptamethyltrisiloxane, polyalkylene oxide-modified heptamethyltrisiloxane, polyoxyethylene-modified polydimethylsiloxane, polyalkylene oxide-modified polydimethylsiloxane, polyether siloxane, polyether trisiloxane, a polyether/polymethylsiloxane copolymer, a polyether/polydimethylsiloxane copolymer, polyoxyethylene dimethylsiloxane, polyalkylene oxide-modified polymethylsiloxane, polyether-modified polysiloxane, hydroxypropyl heptamethyltrisiloxane or a siloxane/polyalkylene oxide copolymer.
The preferred wetting agent cum penetrants are a polymer of polyoxyethylene (mono-, di- or tri-)styryl phenyl ether, a polyoxyethylene/polyoxypropylene block polymer, polyoxyethylene nonyl phenyl ether, a polyoxyethylenehexitan fatty acid ester, a polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid ester, a sorbitan fatty acid ester, mixture with a polyoxyethylene fatty acid ester and a dialkyldimethylammonium polynaphthylmethanesulfonate, polyethylene glycol isotridecyl ester.
Solvent for the present Suspo Emulsion (SE) formulation is selected from and not limited to Dimethyl sulfoxide, Butanol, N-octanol, N-Propanol, 2-ethyl hexanol, Tetrahydro furfuryl alcohol, Isophorone, Fatty acid dimethyl amide, acetone, toluene, xylene. Paraffinic hydrocarbons, cyclohexanone, acetophenone, isophorone and ester solvents such as methyloleate, dimethylamide and morpholineamide derivatives of C6-C16 fatty acids, and dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO), n-alkylpyrrolidones, fatty acid dimethyl esters, fatty acid esters, dibasic esters, aromatic hydrocarbons and/or aliphatic hydrocarbons, aromatic hydrocarbons, methylpyrrolidinone (NMP); dimethylformamide (DMF); dimethylisosorbide (DMI); isophorone; acetophenone; 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidonone; dimethyl and diethethylcarbonates; alcohols including methanol; ethanol; iso-propanol; n-propanol; n-butanol; iso-butanol; and tert-butanol; diluent water.
Wetting agent for the present Suspo Emulsion (SE) formulation is selected from and not limited to Ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer, Polyarylphenyl ether phosphate, Polyalkoxylated butyl ether, Ethoxylated Fatty Alcohol, Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium lauryl sulphate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, Polycondensate of polypropylene glycol with ethylene oxide, alkyl diphenyl sulfonates, sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, Alkyl naphthalene sulfonate.
Emulsifier for the present Suspo Emulsion (SE) formulation is selected from and not limited to salts of dodecylbenzene sulphonate, e.g. Ca-salts or amine salts, and sulphonates of other C11-C16 alkylbenzenes, alkylether sulphates, alkylphenoletherphosphates and ester phosphates; non-ionic surfactants such as alkoxylated alcohols and alkylphenols, ethoxylated fatty acids, ethoxylated vegetable oils, e.g. ethoxylated castor oil, fatty acid esters, e.g. of sorbitol, and their ethoxylated derivatives, ethoxylated amines, ethoxylated polyaryl phenol and condensates of glycerol; and catanionic emulsifiers such as a cationic amine, optionally in combination with an alkyl sulphonate or ether sulphonate or ether phosphate, alkoxylated alcohols; alkoxylated alkylphenols; ethoxylated fatty acids; ethoxylated vegetable oils; ethoxylated tristyrylphenol; fatty acid esters of sorbitol and ethoxylated derivatives thereof; ethoxylated amines and condensates of glycerol; sulfonated alkylbenzenes in the range C11-C16 and salts thereof; alkylether sulphates; alkyletherphosphates; alkylphenoletherphosphates; or combinations thereof; salts of phosphate esters of ethoxylated tristyrylphenol; salts of sulphated ethers of ethoxylated tristyrylphenol; or a catanionic system, wherein a cationic amine is present in combination with an alkyl sulphonate, an alkylethersulphonate, an ether sulphate, or an ether phosphate such as an alkyletherphosphate, nonylphenol polyethoxy ethanol, castor oil polyglycol ethers, polyadducts of ethylene oxide and polypropylene, tributyl phenoxy polyethoxy ethanol, octyl phenoxy polyethoxy ethanol.
Dispersing agent for the present Suspo Emulsion (SE) formulation is selected from and not limited to polyesters, polyamides, poly- carbonates, polyurea and polyurethanes, acrylic polymers and copolymers, styrene copolymers, butadiene copolymers, polysaccharides such as starch and cellulose derivatives, vinylalcohol, vinylacetate and vinylpyrrolidone polymers and copolymers, polyethers, epoxy, phenolic and melamine resins, polyolefins and define copolymers and mixtures thereof. Examples of preferred polymers are acrylate polymers such as poly(methacrylate), poly(ethyl methacrylate), poly(methylmethacrylate), acrylate copoylmers and styrene-acrylic copolymers as defined herein below, poly(styrene-co maleic anhydride), cellulosic polymers such as ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate, cellulose acetatebutyrate, acetylated mono, di, and triglycerides, poly(vinylpyrrolidone), vinyl acetate polymers and copolymers, poly(alkylene glycol), styrene butadiene copolymers, poly(orthoesters), Polyarylphenyl ether sulphate ammonium salt, alkyl resins, and mixtures of two or more of these. Polymers that are biodegradable are also useful in the present invention. As used herein, a polymer is biodegradable if is not water soluble, but is degraded over a period of several weeks when placed in an application environment. Examples of biodegradable polymers that are useful in the present invention include biodegradable polyesters, starch, polylactic acid starch blends, polylactic acid, poly(lactic acid-glycolic acid) copolymers, polydioxanone, cellulose esters, ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate butyrate, starch esters, starch esteraliphatic polyester blends, modified corn starch, polycaprolactone, poly(namylmethacrylate), wood rosin, polyanhydrides, polyvinylalcohol, polyhydroxybutyratevalerate, biodegradable aliphatic polyesters, and polyhydroxybutyrate or mixtures thereof. The examples of dispersing agents are alkylated naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt, sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonate condensate, sodium ligno sulfonate, sodium ploycarboxylate, EO/PO block copolymer, phenol sulfonate, sodium methyl oleoyl taurate, styrene acrylic acid copolymer, propyleneoxide-ethyleneoxide-copolymer, polyethylene glycol 2,4,6-tristyrylphenyl ether, tristyrylphenol-polyglycolether-phosphate, tristyrylphenole with 16 moles EO, tristyrylphenol-polyglycol ether-phosphate, oleyl-polyglycol ether with ethylene oxide, tallow fatty amine polyethylene oxide, Napthalene sulfonic acid ,sodium salt condensed with formaldehyde, nonylphenol polyglycol ether with 9-10 moles ethylene oxide;
Suspending agent for the present Suspo Emulsion (SE) formulation is selected from and not limited to aluminum magnesium silicate, bentonite clay, silica, silicone dioxide, attapulgite clay.
Anti-freezing agent for the present Suspo Emulsion (SE) formulation is selected from and not limited to glycol (monoethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, polypropylene glycol, polyethylene glycol), propane diols, glycerin or the urea, magnesium sulfate heptahydrate, sodium chloride etc.
Antifoaming agent for the present Suspo Emulsion (SE) formulation is selected from and not limited to silicone oil, silicone compound, C10~C20 saturated fat acid compounds or C8~C10 aliphatic alcohols compound, silicone emulsion, vegetable oil based antifoam, tallow based fatty acids.
Preservatives for the present Suspo Emulsion (SE) formulation is selected from and not limited to 1,2-Benzisothiazol-3(2H)-one, 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, 5-chloro-2- methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one, propionic acid and its sodium salt, sorbic acid and its sodium or potassium salt, benzoic acid and its sodium salt, p-hydroxy benzoic acid sodium salt; methyl p-hydroxy benzoate; and biocide such as sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, para hydroxy benzoates or mixtures thereof.
Thickeners for the present Suspo Emulsion (SE) formulation is selected from and not limited to Thickening, gelling, and anti-settling agents generally fall into two categories, namely water-insoluble particulates and water-soluble polymers. It is possible to produce suspension concentrate formulations using clays and silicas. Examples of these types of materials, include, but are limited to, montmorillonite, e.g. bentonite; magnesium aluminum silicate; and attapulgite. Water-soluble polysaccharides have been used as thickening-gelling agents for many years. The types of polysaccharides most commonly used are natural extracts of seeds and 15 seaweeds are synthetic derivatives of cellulose or mixtures thereof. Examples of these types of materials include, but are not limited to, guar gum; locust bean gum; carrageenan; xanthan gum; alginates; methyl cellulose; sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (SCMC); hydroxyethyl cellulose (HEC) or mixtures thereof. Other types of anti-settling agents are based on modified starches, polyacrylates, polyvinyl 20 alcohol and polyethylene oxide or mixtures.
Stabilizer for the present Suspo Emulsion (SE) formulation is selected from and not limited to butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) and epoxidized soybean oil (ESBO), Epichlorohydrin.

Buffering agent for the present Suspo Emulsion (SE) formulation is selected from and not limited to calcium hydroxyapatite, Potassium Dihydrogen Phosphate, Sodium Hydroxide, carbonated apatite, calcium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, tricalcium phosphate, calcium phosphates, carbonated calcium phosphates, amine monomers, lactate dehydrogenase and magnesium hydroxide.
Dispersing agents for the present WG (Wettable Granule) formulation is selected from and not limited to sodium polycarboxylate (sodium polyacrylate), naphthalene sulfonic acid, sodium salt condensates with formaldehyde, Modified Sodium lignosulphonates, polyalcoxylated alkylphenol, naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate, methyl naphthalene-formaldehyde-condensate sodium salt, naphthalene condensates, lignosulfonates, calcium lignosulfonate, lignin sulfonate sodium salt, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt, Modified polyacrylate copolymer. The preferred dispersing agent is alkyl naphthalene sulfonate. It provides an excellent wetting, dispersing, hydrotroping and medium to low foaming. It offers acid and base stability, hard water tolerance and high temperature stability.
Wetting agents for the present WG (Wettable Granule) formulation is selected from and not limited to sodium N-methyl-N-oleoyl taurate, alkylated naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt, mixture of isomers of dibutyl naphthalene sulphonic acid sodium salt, sodium di-isopropyl naphthalene sulphonate, sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulphonate, sodium Lauryl sulfate, dioctyl sulfate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonates, phosphate esters, sulphosuccinates and non-ionic such as tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate, alkyl or alkaryl sulfonates such as alkylbenzene sulfonates, alpha olefin sulfonate and alkyl naphthalene sulfonates, ethoxylated or non-ethoxylated alkyl or alkaryl carboxylates, alkyl or alkaryl phosphate esters, alkyl polysaccharide, di or mono alkyl sulfosuccinate derivatives, alpha olefin sulfonates, alkyl naphthalene sulfonates, dialkyl sulphosuccinates, butyl, dibutyl, isopropyl and di-isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate salts, C12 alkyl benzene sulfonate or C10-C16 alkyl benzene sulfonate, organosilicons surfactants includes trisiloxane ethoxylate, polydimethylsiloxane, polyoxyethylene methyl polysiloxane, polyoxyalkylene methyl polysiloxane, polyether polymethyl siloxane copolymer, trisiloxane heptamethyl, Polyalkyleneoxide modified heptamethyl trisiloxane, polyether modified polysiloxane, may or may not be in modified form, may be liquid or powder form or mixture thereof etc;
Antifoaming agent for the present WG (Wettable Granule) formulation is selected from and not limited to polydimethylsiloxane.
Carrier for the present WG (Wettable Granule) formulation is selected from and not limited to china clay, silica, lactose anhydrous, ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfate anhydrous, corn starch, urea, EDTA, urea formaldehyde resin, diatomaceous earth, kaolin, bentonite, kieselguhr, fuller's earth, attapulgite clay, bole, loess, talc, chalk, dolomite, limestone, lime, calcium carbonate, powdered magnesia, magnesium oxide, magnesium sulphate, sodium chloride, gypsum, calcium sulphate, pyrophyllite, silicates and silica gels; fertilizers such as, for example, ammonium sulphate, ammonium phosphate, ammonium nitrate and urea; natural products of vegetable origin such as, for example, grain meals and flours, bark meals, wood meals, nutshell meals and cellulosic powders; and synthetic polymeric materials such as, for example, ground or powdered plastics and resins, bentonites, zeolites, titanium dioxide, iron oxides and hydroxides, aluminium oxides and hydroxides, or organic materials such as bagasse, charcoal, or synthetic organic polymers;
Humectant for the present WG (Wettable Granule) formulation is selected from and not limited to humic acid, glycerol, lactose, Sodium sulphate anhydrous.
While the foregoing written description of the invention enables one of ordinary skill to make and use what is considered presently to be the best mode thereof, those of ordinary skill will understand and appreciate the existence of variations, combinations, and equivalents of the specific embodiment, method, and examples herein. The invention should therefore not be limited by the above described embodiment, method, and examples, but by all embodiments and methods within the scope and spirit of the invention. The invention shall now be described with reference to the following specific examples. It should be noted that the example(s) appended below illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design many alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.
These and other aspects of the invention may become more apparent from the examples set forth herein below. These examples are provided merely as illustrations of the invention and are not intended to be construed as a limitation thereof.
EXAMPLE 1:
Composition of Bixlozone 7.5%+Pyroxasulfone 2.5 %+Pendimethalin 15 % SE
Chemical composition Percent (w/w)
Bixlozone a.i. 7.50
Pyroxasulfone a.i. 2.50
Pendimethalin a.i. 15.00
Aromatic solvent C-9 25.00
Polyalkyleneoxide Modified
Heptamethyltrisiloxane (super wetting-spreading-penetrating agent) 5.00
Tri-styryl phenol with 16 moles EO (dispersing agent I) 3.50
Polycondensate of polypropylene glycol with ethylene oxide(wetting agent) 2.50
Napthalene sulfonic acid ,sodium salt condensed with formaldehyde (dispersing agent II) 1.00
Attapulgite clay(suspending agent) 0.50
Polydimethylsiloxane (anti foaming agent) 0.30
1,2-benzisothiazolin-3(2H)-one (preservative) 0.15
Polyethylene glycols, (anti freezing agent) 5.00
Xanthan gum (thickner) 0.15
Diluent water 31.90
Total 100.00
a.i. (active ingredient/technical) on 100% purity basis

Storage stability-Bixlozone 7.5%+Pyroxasulfone 2.5 %+Pendimethalin 15 % SE
Laboratory storage stability for 14 days
Parameters Specification (in house) Initial At 54±2 0C At 0±2 0C
Bixlozone a.i. 7.125 to 8.25 7.80 7.60 7.80
Pyroxasulfone a.i. 2.375 to 2.75 2.70 2.55 2.70
Pendimethalin a.i. 14.25 to 15.75 15.50 15.35 15.49
Bixlozonesuspensibility (%) 80 98.50 98.55 98.30
Pyroxasulfone suspensibility (%) 80 98.65 98.60 98.48
Pendimethalin suspensibility (%) 80 98.00 98.50 97.60
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.5 to 8.0 7.00 7.20 7.20
Pourability (%) 95 98.20 98.25 97.85
Specific gravity 1.05-1.10 1.08 1.08 1.08
Viscosity at spindle no.62,20 rpm 350-800 cps 550 570 550
Particle size (micron) D50<3, D90<10 2.1,8.6 2.1,8.6 2.1,8.7
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil nil nil
Room temperature storage stability up to 12 months
Parameters Specification (in house) Initial 1 month 6 month 12 month
Bixlozone a.i. 7.125 to 8.25 7.80 7.80 7.80 7.60
Pyroxasulfone a.i. 2.375 to 2.75 2.70 2.70 2.70 2.55
Pendimethalin a.i. 14.25 to 15.75 15.50 15.50 15.49 15.35
Bixlozone suspensibility (%) 80 98.50 98.50 98.45 98.30
Pyroxasulfone suspensibility (%) 80 98.65 98.65 98.48 98.45
Pendimethalin suspensibility (%) 80 98.50 98.00 98.00 97.60
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.5 to 8.0 7.00 7.00 7.00 7.10
Pourability (%) 95 98.20 98.20 98.25 98.15
Specific gravity 1.05-1.10 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08
Viscosity at spindle no.62,20 rpm 350-800 cps 550 550 555 560
Particle size (micron) D50<3, D90<10 2.1,8.6 2.1,8.6 2.1,8.7 2.1,8.6
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil nil nil 1

The composition of Bixlozone 7.5%+Pyroxasulfone 2.5 %+Pendimethalin 15 % SE meets the all in-house specifications for storage stability studies in laboratory (at 54±2 C & At 0±2 C for 14 days) and room temperature (for 12 months).
Manufacturing process for 100 kg batch of Bixlozone 7.5%+Pyroxasulfone 2.5 %+Pendimethalin 15 % SE:
Step 1- 2% Gum Solution: Charge Xanthan gum (2.0 kg) and 1, 2-benzisothiazoline-3-one (2.0 kg) into 96.0 kg water and homogenize. It should be made 12-18 hour prior to use.
Step 2- EC Premix-Charge 25.0 kg of Aromatic Solvent C-9 into a vessel having stirrer and then add 15.0 kg of Pendimethalin technical & 7.5 kg of Bixlozone technical and finally add 3.5 kg of Tri-styryl phenol with 16 moles EO and homogenize for 60-75 minutes.
Step 3- SC Premix-Charge DM water (24.40 kg) and Polyethylene glycols (5 kg) into designated vessel and ix thoroughly.
Step 4- Add Napthalene sulfonic acid, sodium salt condensed with formaldehyde (1.0 kg), Polycondensate of polypropylene glycol with ethylene oxide (2.5 kg) and Attapulgite clay (0.5 kg) into the vessel having water and homogenise the contents for 45 – 60 minutes using high shear homogeniser.
Step 5- Then add Pyroxasulfone technical (2.5 kg) to this premix slowly and homogenised to get uniform slurry ready for grinding.
Step 6- Before grinding half the quantity of Polydimethylsiloxane (0.15 kg) was added and then material was subjected to grinding in Dyno mill till desired particle size is achieved.
Step 7- Add remaining Polydimethyl siloxane (0.15 kg) antifoam was added after grinding process completes and before sampling for in process analysis.
Step 8- Now add EC Premix to this SC premix slowly and homogenised to get uniform formulation
Step 9- Finally add 7.5 kg of 2% Xanthum gum solution and 5.0 kg of Polyalkyleneoxide Modified Heptamethyl trisiloxane (super wetting-spreading-penetrating agent) to this formulation and homogenized for 30 minutes.
Step 10- Now send this final formulation to QC for quality check.

EXAMPLE 2:
Composition of Bixlozone 10%+Pyroxasulfone 3.33%+ Cimethylin 6% ZC
Chemical composition Percent (w/w)
Bixlozone a.i. 10.00
Pyroxasulfone a.i. 3.33
Cimethylin a.i. 6.00
Aromatic Solvent C-9 10.00
Toulene Diisocynate (Wall forming material 1) 0.90
4,4'-Methylene diphenyl isocyanate (Wall forming material 2) 0.30
Diethylene tetra amine (buffering agent) 1.00
Polyoxyethylene sorbitol hexaoleate (Emulsifier 1) 2.00
Salts of polyolefin condensates (Emulsifier 2 ) 2.50
Styrene acrylic polymer (dispersing agent I) 1.00
Polycondensate of polypropylene glycol with ethylene oxide(wetting agent) 2.00
Polyalkyleneoxide Modified Heptamethyltrisiloxane (super wetting-spreading-penetrating agent) 3.00
Napthalene sulfonic acid ,sodium salt condensed with formaldehyde (dispersing agent II) 1.00
Attapulgite clay(suspending agent) 0.50
Polydimethylsiloxane (anti foaming agent) 0.30
1,2-benzisothiazolin-3(2H)-one (preservative) 0.15
Polyethylene glycols, (anti freezing agent) 5.00
Xanthan gum (thickner) 0.15
Diluent water 50.87
Total 100.00
a.i. (active ingredient/technical) on 100% purity basis.
Storage stability of Bixlozone 10%+Pyroxasulfone 3.33%+ Cimethylin 6% ZC
Laboratory storage stability for 14 days
Parameters Specification (in house) Initial At 54±2 0C At 0±2 0C
Bixlozone a.i. 9.5 to 10.5 10.25 10.10 10.25
Pyroxasulfone a.i. 3.164 to 3.663 3.50 3.35 3.50
Cimethylin a.i. 5.70 to 6.60 6.50 6.35 6.50
Bixlozone suspensibility (%) 80 98.90 98.10 98.80
Pyroxasulfone suspensibility (%) 80 99.00 98.50 98.90
Cimethylin suspensibility (%) 80 98.80 98.10 98.80
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.5 to 8.0 6.90 7.05 6.90
Pourability (%) 95 98.20 98.10 98.20
Specific gravity 1.00-1.10 1.03 1.03 1.03
Viscosity at spindle no.62,20 rpm 350-800 cps 510 520 510
Particle size (micron) D50<3, D90<10 2.1,8.0 2.1,8.2 2.1,8.1
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil nil nil
Room temperature storage stability up to 12 months
Parameters Specification (in house) Initial 1 month 6 month 12 month
Bixlozone a.i. 9.5 to 10.5 10.25 10.25 10.25 10.20
Pyroxasulfone a.i. 3.164 to 3.663 3.50 3.50 3.50 3.45
Cimethylin a.i. 5.70 to 6.60 6.50 6.50 6.48 6.39
Bixlozone suspensibility (%) 80 98.90 98.91 98.80 98.65
Pyroxasulfone suspensibility (%) 80 99.00 99.10 98.90 98.50
Cimethylin suspensibility (%) 80 98.80 98.80 98.80 98.10
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.5 to 8.0 6.90 6.90 6.90 7.05
Pourability (%) 95 98.20 98.20 98.20 98.10
Specific gravity 1.00-1.10 1.03 1.03 1.03 1.03
Viscosity at spindle no.62,20 rpm 350-800 cps 510 510 510 515
Particle size (micron) D50<3, D90<10 2.1,8.0 2.1,8.0 2.1,8.1 2.1,8.2
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil nil nil nil

The composition of Bixlozone 10%+Pyroxasulfone 3.33%+ Cimethylin 6% ZC meets the all in-house specifications for storage stability studies in laboratory (at 54±2 C & At 0±2 C for 14 days) and room temperature (for 12 months).
Manufacturing Process for 100 kg batch of Bixlozone 10%+Pyroxasulfone 3.33%+ Cimethylin 6% ZC
Part A-Preparation of CS (Capsule Suspension) formulation
Step 1- Aqueous Phase-Charge 17.0 kg of water into a stainless-steel vessel equipped with a high speed stirrer. Under agitation, add 2.0 kg of polyethylene sorbitol hexaoleate and 2.50 kg of salts of pololefin condensate into the vessel. Now add 0.1 kg of polydimethyl siloxane to avoid foam generation in this vessel.
Step 2- Organic Phase-Charge 10.0 kg of aromatic solvent C-9 into second stainless-steel reactor. Then, slowly add 6.0 kg of Cimethylin technical, 0.90 kg of Toulene diisocynate and 0.30 kg of 4,4'-Methylene diphenyl isocyanate into the reactor and continue mixing till homogenous organic phase.
Step 3- Start the high shear disperser of aqueous phase and charge the ‘Organic Solution’ into the ‘Aqueous Phase Solution’ under gravity in specific rate so that required particle size can be achieved and continue to shear for 30 min. Then, start heating the reactor to around 50 °C and stir the formulation under slow rpm for 3-4 hours so that Polymerization reaction gets completed.
Step 4- Now add 1.0 kg of Diethylene tetra amine and stir for 1 more hour at the 50-55 degree celcius and continue this reaction for 5 hours.
Step 5- After the wall polymerization reaction, increase the agitator to high speed. Allow the mixture to de-gas for approximately 30 minutes to remove CO2 from the solution and cool it to room temperature after reaction is completed. Check the formulation to specifications.
Part B-Preparation of SC (Suspension Concentrate) formulation
Step 6- 2% Gum Solution: Charge Xanthan gum (2.0 kg) and 1,2-benzisothiazoline-3-one (2.0 kg) into 96.0 kg water and homogenize. It should be made 12-18 hour prior to use.
Step 7- SC Premix- Charge 26.37 kg of water to a vessel, equipped with bulk agitator and a high shear homogenizer and start agitation. Add the 5.0 kg of polyethylene glycols, 1.0 kg of napthalene sulfomic acid, sodium salt condensed with formaldehyde,2.0 kg of polycondensate of polypropylene glycol, 1.0 kg of styrene acrylic polymer mix until uniform. Add the 0.1 kg of polydimethylsiloxane and ensure that it is well dispersed or mixed uniformily
Step 8- Now add 10.0 kg of Bixlozone technical, 3.33 kg of Pyroxasulfone and active ingredient and 0.5 kg of attapulgite clay and continue agitating the vessel contents until all components get dissolved. Mill this pre-mix through a Colloid mill and subsequently through a Dyno mill to meet the specified particle size.
Step 9- Now add remaining 0.1 kg of Polydimethyl siloxane and 7.5 kg of 2% xanthan gum solution to this SC mill base to a vessel, equipped with bulk agitator. Mix until uniform. Add the required amount of 2% aqueous pre-gel and continue agitation until the formulation is homogeneous and has the target viscosity. Mix well.
Part C-Preparation of ZC Formulation
Step 10- Charge the SC premix and CS formulation into other vessel, equipped with bulk agitator and start agitation. Now add 3.0 kg of Polyalkyleneoxide Modified Heptamethyltrisiloxane to this slurry and mix slowly until uniform.
Step 11- Final product is sent for QC approval.
Step 12- After approval, material is packed in required pack sizes.

EXAMPLE 3:
Composition of Bixlozone 32%+Pyroxasulfone 8%+Metribuzin 20% WG
Chemical composition Percent (w/w)
Bixlozone a.i. 32.00
Pyroxasulfone a.i. 8.00
Metribuzin a.i. 20.00
Modified Sodium lignosulphonate (dispersing agent I) 7.00
Modified polyacrylate copolymer (dispersing agent II) 6.00
Sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate (wetting agent) 5.00
Polydimethylsiloxane (Antifoaming Agent) 1.00
Corn Starch (Carrier) 15.00
China clay (Carrier) 6.00
Total 100.00
a.i. (active ingredient/technical) on 100% purity basis

Storage stability- Bixlozone 32%+Pyroxasulfone 8%+Metribuzin 20% WG
Laboratory storage stability for 14 days
Parameters Specification (in house) Initial At 54±2 0C At 0±2 0C
Bixlozone a.i. 30.4 to 33.60 32.50 32.20 32.50
Pyroxasulfone a.i. 7.60 to 8.80 8.25 8.18 8.24
Metribuzin a.i. 19.0 to 21.0 20.30 20.12 20.29
Bixlozone suspensibility (%) 70 98.40 97.30 98.20
Pyroxasulfone suspensibility (%) 70 98.20 97.50 98.20
Metribuzin suspensibility (%) 70 98.80 97.40 98.60
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5 to 9 7.50 7.60 7.50
Wettability Max 30 s 10 12 10
Wet Sieve(45 micron) Mini 98.5% 99.5 99.4 99.5
Bulk Density 0.45-0.85 0.55 0.55 0.55
Moisture Content Max 3.0% 1.5 1.2 1.4
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil 2 1
Room temperature storage stability up to 12 months
Parameters Specification (in house) Initial 1 month 6 month 12 month
Bixlozone a.i. 30.4 to 33.60 32.50 32.50 32.50 32.40
Pyroxasulfone a.i. 7.60 to 8.80 8.25 8.25 8.24 8.22
Metribuzin a.i. 19.0 to 21.0 20.30 20.30 20.29 20.25
Bixlozone suspensibility (%) 70 98.40 98.40 98.20 97.30
Pyroxasulfone suspensibility (%) 70 98.20 98.20 98.20 97.50
Metribuzin suspensibility (%) 70 98.80 98.80 98.60 97.40
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5 to 9 7.50 7.50 7.50 7.60
Wettability Max 30 s 10 10 11 12
Wet Sieve(45 micron) Mini 98.5% 99.5 99.5 99.5 99.4
Bulk Density 0.45-0.85 0.55 0.55 0.55 0.55
Moisture Content Max 3.0% 1.5 1.5 1.4 1.3
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil nil 1 2

The composition of Bixlozone 32%+Pyroxasulfone 8%+Metribuzin 20% WG meets the all in-house specifications for storage stability studies in laboratory (at 54±2 C & At 0±2 C for 14 days) and room temperature (for 12 months).
Manufacturing process for 100 kg batch of Bixlozone 32%+Pyroxasulfone 8%+Metribuzin 20% WG:

Step 1- Charge the 6.0 kg China clay, 15.0 kg Corn starch, 0.5 kg silicone antifoam, 5 kg of Sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, 6 kg Modified polyacrylate copolymer and 7.0 kg of Modified Sodium lignosulphonate blend into a ribbon or premix blender and homogenization for 30 minutes.
Step 2- Now charge 32.0 kg Bixlozone technical, 8 kg Pyroxasulfone technical and 20.0 kg Metribuzin technical and again homogenize for 30 minutes and now this Pre-blended material is then grinded through Jet mill/ air classifier mills. Finely grinded material is blended in post blender till it becomes homogeneous. (for approx 1.5 hr).
Step 3- Finely grinded powder is mixed with 12 kg of water having 0.5 kg silicone antifoam to form extrudable dough.
Step 4- Dough is passed through extruder to get granules of required size.
Step 5- Wet granules are passed through Fluidized bed drier to remove 12 kg extra water added and further graded using vibrating screens.
Step 6- Final product is sent for QC approval.
Step 7- After approval material is packed in required pack sizes.

EXAMPLE 4:
Composition of Bixlozone 20%+Pyroxasulfone 4%+Metribuzin 6% SC
Chemical composition Percent (w/w)
Bixlozone a.i. 20.00
Pyroxasulfone a.i. 4.00
Metribuzin a.i. 6.00
Polyalkyleneoxide Modified
Heptamethyltrisiloxane (super wetting-spreading-penetrating agent) 5.00
Copolymer butanol EO/PO (dispersing agent I) 3.50
Sodium salt of polycarboxylate (dispersing agent II) 2.50
Bentonite clay (suspending agent) 0.75
Polydimethylsiloxane (anti foaming agent) 0.30
1,2-benzisothiazolin-3(2H)-one (preservative) 0.15
Polyethylene glycols (anti freezing agent) 5.00
Xanthan gum (thickner) 0.15
Diluent water 52.65
Total 100.00

a.i. (active ingredient/technical) on 100% purity basis

Storage stability-Bixlozone 20%+Pyroxasulfone 4%+Metribuzin 6% SC
Laboratory storage stability for 14 days+B19:G46
Parameters Specification (in house) Initial At 54±2 0C At 0±2 0C
Bixlozone a.i. 19.0 to 21.0 20.50 20.25 20.50
Pyroxasulfone a.i. 3.8 to 4.4 4.30 4.15 4.30
Metribuzin a.i. 5.7 to 6.6 6.30 6.10 6.28
Bixlozone suspensibility (%) 80 98.50 98.50 98.35
Pyroxasulfone suspensibility (%) 80 98.60 98.65 98.45
Metribuzin suspensibility (%) 80 98.00 98.00 97.60
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 4.5 to 7.0 6.00 6.10 6.00
Pourability (%) 95 98.20 98.25 97.80
Specific gravity 1.05-1.10 1.08 1.08 1.08
Viscosity at spindle no.62,20 rpm 350-800 cps 550 560 550
Particle size (micron) D50<3, D90<10 2.1,8.6 2.1,8.6 2.1,8.7
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil 1 nil
Room temperature storage stability up to 12 months
Parameters Specification (in house) Initial 1 month 6 month 12 month
Bixlozone a.i. 19.0 to 21.0 20.50 20.50 20.50 20.45
Pyroxasulfone a.i. 3.8 to 4.4 4.30 4.30 4.30 4.25
Metribuzin a.i. 5.7 to 6.6 6.30 6.30 6.28 6.27
Bixlozone suspensibility (%) 80 98.50 98.50 98.55 98.35
Pyroxasulfone suspensibility (%) 80 98.60 98.60 98.45 98.40
Metribuzin suspensibility (%) 80 98.00 98.00 97.60 97.60
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 4.5 to 7.0 6.00 6.00 6.00 6.10
Pourability (%) 95 98.20 98.20 97.80 98.25
Specific gravity 1.05-1.10 1.08 1.08 1.08 1.08
Viscosity at spindle no.62,20 rpm 350-800 cps 550 550 550 560
Particle size (micron) D50<3, D90<10 2.1,8.6 2.1,8.6 2.1,8.7 2.1,8.6
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil nil nil 1

The composition of Bixlozone 20%+Pyroxasulfone 4%+Metribuzin 6% SC meets the all inhouse specifications for storage stability studies in laboratory (at 54±2 C & At 0±2 C for 14 days) and room temperature (for 12 months).
Manufacturing process for 100 kg batch of Bixlozone 20%+Pyroxasulfone 4%+Metribuzin 6% SC:
Step 1- 2% Gum Solution: Charge Xanthan gum (2.0 kg) and 1,2-benzisothiazoline-3-one (2.0 kg) into 96.0 kg water and homogenize. It should be made 12-18 hour prior to use.
Step 2- Charge DM water (45.15 kg) and Polyethylene glycols (5 kg) into designated vessel and ix thoroughly.
Step 3- Add Sodium salt of polycarboxylate (2.5 kg), Copolymer butanol EO/PO (3.5 kg) and Bentonite clay (0.5 kg) into the vessel having water and homogenise the contents for 45 – 60 minutes using high shear homogeniser.
Step 4- Then add Bixlozone technical (20.0 kg), Pyroxasulfone technical (4.0 kg) and Metribuzin technical (6.0 kg) to this premix slowly and homogenised to get uniform slurry ready for grinding.
Step 5- Before grinding half the quantity of Polydimethylsiloxane (0.15 kg) was added and then material was subjected to grinding in Dyno mill till desired particle size is achieved.
Step 6- Add remaining Polydimethyl siloxane (0.15 kg) antifoam was added after grinding process completes and before sampling for in process analysis.
Step 7- Finally add 7.5 kg of 2% Xanthum gum solution and 5.0 kg of Polyalkyleneoxide Modified Heptamethyl trisiloxane(super wetting-spreading-penetrating agent) to this formulation and homogenized for 30 minutes.
Step 8- Now send this final formulation to QC for quality check.

EXAMPLE 5:
Composition of Bixlozone 40%+Pyroxasulfone 10%+Metsulfuron methyl 0.4% WG
Chemical composition Percent (w/w)
Bixlozone a.i. 40.00
Pyroxasulfone a.i. 10.00
Metsulfuron methyl a.i. 0.40
Alkylated naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt (dispersing agent I) 7.00
Modified polyacrylate copolymer (dispersing agent II) 3.00
Polyalkyleneoxide Modified Trisiloxane (wetting agent) 5.00
Polydimethylsiloxane (Antifoaming Agent) 1.00
Corn Starch 20.00
China clay 13.60
Total 100.00
a.i. (active ingredient/technical) on 100% purity basis
Storage stability- Bixlozone 40%+Pyroxasulfone 10%+Metsulfuron methyl 0.4% WG
Laboratory storage stability for 14 days
Parameters Specification (in house) Initial At 54±2 0C At 0±2 0C
Bixlozone a.i. 38 to 42 41.50 40.85 41.35
Pyroxasulfone a.i. 9.50 to 10.50 10.40 10.16 10.32
Metsulfuron methyl a.i. 0.38 to 0.44 0.43 0.41 0.43
Bixlozone suspensibility (%) 70 98.40 97.30 98.20
Pyroxasulfone suspensibility (%) 70 98.20 97.50 98.20
Metsulfuron methyl suspensibility (%) 70 98.80 97.40 98.60
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5 to 8.5 6.95 7.10 6.90
Wettability Max 30 s 10 12 10
Wet Sieve(45 micron) Mini 98.5% 99.5 99.4 99.5
Bulk Density 0.45-0.85 0.5 0.5 0.5
Moisture Content Max 3.0% 1.4 1.2 1.4
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil nil nil
Room temperature storage stability up to 12 months
Parameters Specification (in house) Initial 1 month 6 month 12 month
Bixlozone a.i. 38 to 42 41.50 41.50 41.30 40.90
Pyroxasulfone a.i. 9.50 to 10.50 10.40 10.40 10.25 10.20
Metsulfuron methyl a.i. 0.38 to 0.44 0.43 0.43 0.42 0.41
Bixlozone suspensibility (%) 70 98.40 98.45 98.20 97.30
Pyroxasulfone suspensibility (%) 70 98.20 98.25 98.20 97.50
Metsulfuron methyl suspensibility (%) 70 98.80 98.88 98.60 97.40
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5 to 8.5 6.95 6.95 6.90 7.10
Wettability Max 30 s 10 10 10 12
Wet Sieve(45 micron) Mini 98.5% 99.5 99.5 99.5 99.4
Bulk Density 0.45-0.85 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5
Moisture Content Max 3.0% 1.4 1.4 1.4 1.2
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil nil nil 1
The composition of Bixlozone 40%+Pyroxasulfone 10%+Metsulfuron methyl 0.4% WG meets the all in-house specifications for storage stability studies in laboratory (at 54±2 C & At 0±2 C for 14 days) and room temperature (for 12 months).

Manufacturing process for 100 kg batch of Bixlozone 40%+Pyroxasulfone 10%+Metsulfuron methyl 0.4% WG:
Step 1- Charge China clay (13.6 kg), Corn starch (20 kg), silicone antifoam (0.5 kg), Polyalkyleneoxide Modified Trisiloxane (5 kg), Modified polyacrylate copolymer (3 kg) and Alkylated naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt (7 kg) blend into a ribbon or premix blender and homogenization for 30 minutes.
Step 2- Now charge Bixlozone technical (40 kg), Pyroxasulfone technical (8 kg) and Metsulfuron methyl technical (0.4 kg) and again homogenize for 30 minutes and now this Pre-blended material is then grinded through Air Jet mill/ air classifier mills. Finely grinded material is blended in post blender till it becomes homogeneous. (for approx 1.5 hr)
Step 3- Finely grinded powder is mixed with 10 kg of water having 0.5 kg silicone antifoam to form extrudable dough.
Step 4- Dough is passed through extruder to get granules of required size.
Step 5- Wet granules are passed through fluidized bed drier to remove 10 kg extra water added and further graded using vibrating screens.
Step 6- Final product is sent for QC approval.
Step 7- After approval material is packed in required pack sizes.

EXAMPLE 6:
Composition of Bixlozone 20%+Pyroxasulfone 5%+Clomazone 25% WP
Chemical composition Percent (w/w)
Bixlozone a.i. 20.00
Pyroxasulfone a.i. 5.00
Clomazone a.i. 25.00
Modified Sodium lignosulphonate (dispersing agent I) 5.00
Modified polyacrylate copolymer (dispersing agent II) 3.00
Ethoxylated trystrylphenol (Wetting agent I) 2.50
Sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate (wetting agent II) 5.00
Polydimethylsiloxane (Antifoaming Agent) 1.00
Precipitated Silica 30.00
China clay 3.50
Total 100.00
a.i. (active ingredient/technical) on 100% purity basis
Storage stability- Bixlozone 20%+Pyroxasulfone 5%+Clomazone 25% WP
Laboratory storage stability for 14 days
Parameters Specification (in house) Initial At 54±2 0C At 0±2 0C
Bixlozone a.i. 19.0 to 21.0 20.50 20.10 20.50
Pyroxasulfone a.i. 4.75 to 5.50 5.30 5.18 5.24
Clomazone a.i. 23.75 to 26.25 25.50 25.25 25.50
Bixlozone suspensibility (%) 70 98.40 97.30 98.20
Pyroxasulfone suspensibility (%) 70 98.20 97.50 98.20
Clomazone suspensibility (%) 70 98.80 97.40 98.60
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5 to 9 7.50 7.60 7.50
Wettability Max 30 s 10 15 10
Wet Sieve(45 micron) Mini 98.5% 99.5 99.4 99.5
Bulk Density 0.25-0.45 0.3 0.3 0.3
Moisture Content Max 2.0% 1.4 1.1 1.3
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil 2 nil
Room temperature storage stability up to 12 months
Parameters Specification (in house) Initial 1 month 6 month 12 month
Bixlozone a.i. 19.0 to 21.0 20.50 20.50 20.5 20.35
Pyroxasulfone a.i. 4.75 to 5.50 5.30 5.30 5.30 5.24
Clomazone a.i. 23.75 to 26.25 25.50 25.50 25.5 25.35
Bixlozone suspensibility (%) 70 98.40 97.30 98.20 98.30
Pyroxasulfone suspensibility (%) 70 98.20 97.50 98.20 98.10
Clomazone suspensibility (%) 70 98.80 97.40 98.60 98.70
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5 to 9 7.50 7.50 7.50 7.55
Wettability Max 30 s 10 10 10 11
Wet Sieve(45 micron) Mini 98.5% 99.5 99.5 99.5 99.5
Bulk Density 0.25-0.45 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3
Moisture Content Max 2.0% 1.3 1.3 1.3 1.3
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil nil nil 1

The composition of Bixlozone 20%+Pyroxasulfone 5%+Clomazone 25% WP meets the all in-house specifications for storage stability studies in laboratory (at 54±2 C & At 0±2 C for 14 days) and room temperature (for 12 months).
Manufacturing process for 100 kg batch of Bixlozone 20%+Pyroxasulfone 5%+Clomazone 25% WP:
Step 1- Charge 20.0 kg Bixlozone technical & 5 kg Pyroxasulfone technical , 3.5 kg China clay, 30.0 kg Precipitated silica, 1.0 kg silicone antifoam, 5 kg of Sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, 3 kg Modified polyacrylate copolymer and 5.0 kg of Modified Sodium lignosulphonate blend into a ribbon or premix blender and homogenization for 30 minutes.
Step 2- Now mix 2.5 kg of Ethoxylated trystrylphenol and 25.0 kg of Clomazone technical into a vessel under slow stirring
Step 3- Now spray this pre-mix on pre-blended powder for 30-45 minutes till it get homogenous and then grindor mill this powder using Air Jet mill to achieve required particle size
Step 4- Blend this milled powder for 30-45 minutes till it gets completely homogenous
Step 5- Final product is sent for QC approval.
Step 6- After approval material is packed in required pack sizes.

Biological Examples:
The composition comprising of bixlozone, pyroxasulfone and one more herbicide (bixlozone+pyroxasulfone+herbicide) has been studied for its bioefficacy, phytotoxicity and synergism under field condition by conducting field trials in crops like wheat and sugarcane.
A synergistic effect exists wherever the action of a combination of active ingredient is greater than the sum of the action of each of the components alone. Therefore, a synergistically effective amount or an effective amount of a synergistic composition or combination is an amount that exhibits greater pesticidal activity than the sum of the pesticidal activities of the individual components.

EXPERIMENT -1: Bioefficacy of Bixlozine+Pyroxasulfone+Flufenacet WG against mixed weedflora in wheat, Triticum aestivum.
Wheat is an important cereal crop in India. Productivity of wheat is governed by many factors, but one of the most serious and less noticed causes of low yield is the presence of weeds. Weeds reducing up to 82% yield loss depend upon weed density, weed species, time period of infestation and competitive ability of crop plant to weeds under different agro-ecological conditions. A lot of research work has been done on weeds in wheat, some of which support that wild oat (Avena ludoviciana) and wild canary grass (Phalaris minor) are two most dominant grassy weeds making wheat cultivation very difficult and major reasons for low yields. Weeds are a strong competitor for water and nutrients. Grassy weed competes more vigorously with cereals. Although herbicides have played a vital role in improving crop yield and overall production efficiency, over-reliance and repetitive use of the herbicides belonging to the same site of action can also lead to development of herbicide resistant (HR) weed biotypes.
Bixlozone is a new isoxazolidinone herbicide, inhibits susceptible plants from producing carotenoids – pigments that are critical to protecting photosynthetic processes and ensure normal plant growth and development. This effect, which is often referred to as bleaching, stops the photosynthesis in target weeds leading to their death.
Pyroxasulfone inhibits the biosynthesis of very-long-chain fatty acids in plants and has shown herbicidal activity against grass and broadleaf weeds.
Flufenacet affects cell membranes of meristematic tissues in these grass species, interfering with both membrane selectivity and permeability. This prevents cell division, therefore preventing unwanted grass species from growing.
Crop: Wheat
Location: Khanna, Punjab
No. of Treatments: 16
Plot size: 40 sq.m.
Application Time: Pre-emergence (1 DAS-Days after sowing)
Irrigation : 1st irrigation at 22 DAS
Spray Volume: 500 liter water per hectare
Application Equipment: Manually operated knapsack sprayer fitted with flat fat nozzle boom.
Agronomic practices: All the required agronomic practices followed except herbicidal application.
Observations:
Bioefficacy (Weed control %): Weed count were recorded at 40 and 60 DAS (Days after Sowing) by using (50 cm x 50 cm) quadrant treatment wise at 4 places randomly selected covering entire treatment. The weed control (%) calculated by using given formula.

The weed control (as observed weed control %) data used in Colby’s formula to calculate the expected weed control (%) and synergism.
Productive Tillers: The observations on productive tillers were recorded from 4 spots, each spots of 1m x 1m size and represented as number of productive tiller per 1 sq.m. area.
Grain yield (quintal/acre): Record the grain yield per acre at the time of harvest.
Phytotoxicity: The observations on crop safety i.e. phytotoxicity or adverse effect of treatments were recorded for symptoms visible. All the visual phytotoxicity symptoms like plant yellowing, leaf scorching, bleaching, necrosis, stunting, crinkling, epinasty, hyponasty recorded on the basis of entire plot in comparison with untreated control (UTC) plot. Each individual visual symptoms were recorded on the basis severity of injury i.e. from 0 to 100%.
Table 1: Treatment details
Treatment number Treatment details Application Rate (gram active ingredients per hectare)
T1 Bixlozone 30%+Pyroxasulfone 11%+Flufenacet 8% WG 300+110+80
T2 Bixlozone 32%+Pyroxasulfone 10%+Flufenacet 9% WG 320+100+90
T3 Bixlozone 36%+Pyroxasulfone 9%+Flufenacet 10% WG 360+90+100
T4 Bixlozone 40% SC+Pyroxasulfone 85% WDG 360+110
T5 Bixlozone 40% SC+Flufenacet 50% SC 360+100
T6 Pyroxasulfone 85% WDG+Flufenacet 50% SC 110+100
T7 Bixlozone 40% SC 300
T8 Bixlozone 40% SC 320
T9 Bixlozone 40% SC 360
T10 Pyroxasulfone 85% WDG 110
T11 Pyroxasulfone 85% WDG 100
T12 Pyroxasulfone 85% WDG 90
T13 Flufenacet 50% SC 80
T14 Flufenacet 50% SC 90
T15 Flufenacet 50% SC 100
T16 Untreated Control (UTC) 0
DAA-days after application; T1,T2 and T3 are present composition with different active ingredient strength, T4 to T6 are known conventional combinations, WG/WDG water dispersible granule, SC suspension concentrate.

Table 2: Bio efficacy against mixed weed flora in wheat crop.
Treatment number % Weed control
40 DAA 60 DAA
Observed Expected Colby's ratio Observed Expected Colby's ratio Synergism (Y/N)
T1 97.3 88.28 1.10 91.6 82.30 1.11 Y
T2 98.7 92.00 1.07 93.7 85.54 1.10 Y
T3 99.2 92.83 1.07 94.6 87.35 1.08 Y
T4 88.3 87.13 1.01 77.4 81.35 0.95 N
T5 85.4 84.48 1.01 71.6 75.94 0.94 N
T6 86.6 85.65 1.01 76.3 81.08 0.94 N
T7 42.8 33.2
T8 55.2 42.6
T9 62.7 51.3
T10 65.5 61.7
T11 62.4 55.4
T12 53.8 47.4
T13 40.6 30.8
T14 52.5 43.5
T15 58.4 50.6
T16 0.0 0.0
DAA days after application.
Weed flora observed in trial plots were Grasses-Phalaris minor (90%), broad leaf weeds-Chenopodium album, Medicago spp.(10%) by count.

The field trial result shows that the present composition comprising of bixlozone+pyroxasulfone+flufenacet at different use rate (T1, T2, T3) provides synergistic control of all weeds at 40 DAA and 60 DAA. All the known conventional combinations (T4, T5, T6) shows synergism in terms of weed control on 40 DAA, but fail to provides synergistic control at 60 DAA with poor weed control (<71.6%). The present composition at different use rate provides higher bioefficacy (>91.6% weed control) at 60 DAA.

Table 3: Plant height, tiller count and grain yield in wheat crop.
Treatment number Plant height (cm) at harvest Average number of productive tillers/sq.mt. Increase(%) in productive tillers over T16 Wheat grain yield (quintal/acre) Increase(%) grain yield over T16
T1 92.3 363.5 42.8 27.8 48.7
T2 93.1 367.3 44.3 28.4 51.9
T3 93.3 366.8 44.1 28.3 51.3
T4 90.7 354.7 39.3 25.9 38.5
T5 89.4 348.3 36.8 25.5 36.4
T6 90.1 351.6 38.1 25.8 38.0
T7 86.8 303.6 19.2 22.0 17.6
T8 87.1 312.4 22.7 22.5 20.3
T9 88.0 320.4 25.8 23.9 27.8
T10 88.7 332.8 30.7 24.9 33.2
T11 88.2 325.6 27.9 24.5 31.0
T12 87.8 317.8 24.8 23 23.0
T13 86.1 298.7 17.3 21.6 15.5
T14 87.3 315.5 23.9 22.9 22.5
T15 87.9 319.3 25.4 23.3 24.6
T16 85.1 254.6 0.0 18.7 0.0
The present composition comprising of bixlozone+pyroxasulfone+flufenacet at different use rate (T1, T2, T3) produces higher plant height (>92.3 cm), higher number of productive tillers (>363.5/sq.m. with >42.85% increase over T16 UTC) and higher grain yield (>27.8 quintal/acre with >48.7% increase over T16 UTC).
None of the treatment shows any kind of phytotoxicity symptoms in wheat crop.

EXPERIMENT - 2: Bioefficacy of Bixlozine+Pyroxasulfone+Herbicide against mixed weedflora in wheat, Triticum aestivum.
Crop: Wheat
Location: Karnal, Haryana
No. of Treatments: 16
Plot size: 36 sq.m.
Application Time: Pre-emergence (0 DAS-Days after sowing)
Irrigation : 1st irrigation at 26 DAS
Spray Volume: 500 liter water per hectare
Application Equipment: Manually operated knapsack sprayer fitted with flat fat nozzle boom.
Agronomic practices: All the required agronomic practices followed except herbicidal application.
Observations: same as per Experiment 1.
Table 4: Treatment details
Sr. No. Treatment compositions Application Rate (gram active ingredients per hectare)
T1 Bixlozone 7.5%+Pyroxasulfone 2.5%+Pendimethalin 15% SE 300+100+600
T2 Bixlozone 10%+Pyroxasulfone 3.33%+Metolachlor 22% SE 300+100+660
T3 Bixlozone 10%+Pyroxasulfone 3.33%+S-metolachlor 15% SE 300+100+450
T4 Bixlozone 10%+Pyroxasulfone 3.33%+Cinmethylin 6% ZC 300+100+180
T5 Pyroxasulfone 85% WDG+Pendimethalin 30% EC 100+600
T6 Pyroxasulfone 85% WDG+Metolachlor 50% EC 100+660
T7 Pyroxasulfone 85% WDG+S-metolachlor 50% EC 100+450
T8 Pyroxasulfone 85% WDG+Cinmethylin 75% EC 100+180
T9 Bixlozone 40% SC+Pyroxasulfone 85% WDG 300+100
T10 Bixlozone 40% SC 300
T11 Pyroxasulfone 85% WDG 100
T12 Pendimethalin 30% EC 600
T13 Metolachlor 50% EC 660
T14 S-metolachlor 50% EC 450
T15 Cinmethylin 75% EC 180
T16 Untreated Check (UTC) -

ZC zeon concentrate, SE suspo emulsion, EC emulsifiable concentrate, T1 to T4 are present compositions, T5 to T9 are conventional tank mixes, T10 to T15 are solo product.

Table 5: Weed population in wheat crop after preemergence herbicidal application in wheat crop.
Treatment Number Average number of weeds per 0.25 sq.mt. area
Grasses Broad leaf weeds
40 DAS 60 DAS 40 DAS 60 DAS
T1 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.87
T2 0.00 0.63 0.00 0.93
T3 0.00 0.77 0.00 1.13
T4 0.00 0.93 0.00 1.27
T5 3.17 7.63 0.63 1.73
T6 3.37 8.47 0.77 1.87
T7 3.60 9.33 0.83 1.93
T8 4.17 10.63 0.93 2.13
T9 2.63 6.57 1.13 3.43
T10 8.23 14.33 1.93 2.73
T11 7.17 12.83 2.63 4.17
T12 6.57 18.33 2.13 5.73
T13 7.23 20.87 2.53 6.23
T14 6.33 18.67 1.83 5.87
T15 8.33 21.53 1.97 7.33
T16 51.73 70.67 4.47 7.93
Weed flora of trial plot: Grassy weeds 85% (Phalaris minor, Avena ludoviciana), broad leaf weeds 15% (Chenopodium album, Melilotus spp.).

The pre-emergent application of all the present compositions (T1 to T4) provide excellent protection (100% weed control) against mixed weed flora up to 40 DAS and also recorded lower weed population (grasses-0.77/0.25 sq.m, broad leaf-1.27/0.25 sq.m) on 60 DAS. All the conventional tank mixes (T5 to T9) recorded higher grasses and broad leaf weed count as compared to all present compositions (T1 to T4).

Table 6: Plant height, productive tiller count and grain yield in wheat crop.
Treatment Number Plant height (cm) at harvest Average number of productive tillers/sq.mt. Increase(%) in productive tillers over T16 Wheat grain yield (quintal/acre) Increase(%) grain yield over T16
T1 92.3 348.7 45.0 26.7 64.8
T2 93.1 347.9 44.7 26.5 63.6
T3 93.3 346.8 44.3 26.1 61.1
T4 90.7 345.3 43.6 25.4 56.8
T5 89.4 321.5 33.7 23.1 42.6
T6 90.1 317.4 32.0 22.8 40.7
T7 86.8 312.8 30.1 22.3 37.7
T8 87.1 310.3 29.1 21.8 34.6
T9 88.0 327.9 36.4 23.8 46.9
T10 88.7 298.6 24.2 19.8 22.2
T11 88.2 302.5 25.8 20.5 26.5
T12 87.8 294.8 22.6 18.8 16.0
T13 86.1 290.5 20.8 18.2 12.3
T14 87.3 293.9 22.3 18.8 16.0
T15 87.9 288.7 20.1 17.9 10.5
T16 85.1 240.4 0.0 16.2 0.0

All the present compositions (T1 to T4) produces higher plant height, higher number of productive tillers (>43.6 increase over T16 UTC) and higher grain yield (>56.8% increase over T16 UTC).
None of the treatment shows any kind of phytotoxicity symptoms in wheat crop.

EXPERIMENT - 3: Bio efficacy of Bixlozone+Pyroxasulfone+Metribuzin SC against Phalaris minor infesting wheat crop.
Crop: Wheat
Location: Patiala, Punjab
No. of Treatments: 16
Plot size: 44 sq.m.
Application Time: Post-emergence (24 DAS-Days after sowing)
Irrigation : 1st irrigation at 26 DAS
Spray Volume: 500 liter water per hectare
Observations: same as per Experiment 1.
Table 7: Treatment details.
Sr. No. Treatment compositions Application Rate (gram active ingredients per hectare)
T1 Bixlozone 20%+Pyroxasulfone 4%+Metribuzin 6% SC 400+80+120
T2 Bixlozone 40% SC+Pyroxasulfone 85% WDG 500+127.5
T3 Bixlozone 40% SC+Metribuzin 70% WP 500+175
T4 Pyroxasulfone 85% WDG+Metribuzin 70% WP 127.5+175
T5 Bixlozone 40% SC 400
T6 Bixlozone 40% SC 500
T7 Pyroxasulfone 85% WDG 80
T8 Pyroxasulfone 85% WDG 127.5
T9 Metribuzin 70% WP 120
T10 Metribuzin 70% WP 175
T11 Untreated Check (UTC) -
T1-present SC composition, T2 to T4 are conventional tank mixing, T5 to T10 are solo products.

Table 8: Weed population in wheat crop after post emergence application.
Treatment Number Average number of weeds per 0.25 sq.mt. area Average number of productive tillers/sq.mt. Increase(%) in productive tillers over T11
Phalaris minor
Pre count 40 DAS 60 DAS
T1 15.7 0.0 1.8 348.6 31.2
T2 14.9 5.8 12.3 325.9 22.7
T3 16.1 4.3 10.6 326.8 23.0
T4 15.8 3.7 8.2 327.1 23.1
T5 16.4 14.2 21.5 314.4 18.3
T6 15.3 11.4 17.7 316.8 19.2
T7 16.5 13.8 22.6 313.7 18.1
T8 15.8 10.7 16.9 318.3 19.8
T9 16.7 15.7 28.5 309.5 16.5
T10 16.3 12.3 22.7 313.2 17.9
T11 15.9 45.3 63.6 265.7 0.0

The post emergent application of Bixlozone+Proxasulfone+Metribuzin SC was recorded lowest weed count of Phalaris minor on 60 DAS, and produces higher number of productive tillers (>31.2% increase over T11 UTC).
Table 9: Phytotoxicity in wheat crop after post emergent application.
Sr. No. Phytotoxicity (%)
7 DAA 14 DAA 21 DAA
Leaf injury on tips/surface Yellowing Stunting Leaf injury on tips/surface Yellowing Stunting Leaf injury on tips/surface Yellowing Stunting
T1 1 2 2 0 1 1 0 0 1
T2 1 1 2 0 0 1 0 0 0
T3 1 2 2 0 1 1 0 0 1
T4 1 2 2 0 1 1 0 0 1
T5 1 1 2 0 0 1 0 0 0
T6 1 1 2 0 0 1 0 0 0
T7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
T8 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0
T9 1 2 2 0 1 1 0 0 0
T10 2 3 2 1 2 1 0 1 1
T11 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0

The post emergent application of Bixlozone+Pyroxasulfone+Metribuzin SC shows slight injury on leaf, yellowing and stunting, which was acceptable to the growers.
EXPERIMENT - 4: Bio efficacy of Bixlozone+Pyroxasulfone+Herbicide against Phalaris minor infesting wheat crop.
Crop: Wheat
Location: Jallandhar, Punjab
No. of Treatments: 16
Plot size: 40 sq.m.
Application Time: Post-emergence (24 DAS-Days after sowing)
Irrigation: 1st irrigation at 26 DAS
Spray Volume: 500 liter water per hectare
Observations: same as per Experiment 1.
Table 10: Treatment details.
Treatment number Treatment details Application Rate (gram active ingredients per hectare)
T1 Bixlozone 35%+Pyroxasulfone 8%+Clodinafop propargyl 12% WP 350+80+120
T2 Bixlozone 35%+Pyroxasulfone 8%+Sulfosulfuron 2% WG 350+80+20
T3 Bixlozone 35%+Pyroxasulfone 8%+Flucarbazone sodium 1.2% WG 350+80+12
T4 Bixlozone 40% SC+Pyroxasulfone 85% WDG 350+80
T5 Bixlozone 40% SC+Clodinafop propargyl 15% WP 350+120
T6 Bixlozone 40% SC+Sulfosulfuron 75% WG* 350+20
T7 Bixlozone 40% SC+Flucarbazone sodium 35% SC 350+12
T8 Pyroxasulfone 85% WDG+Clodinafop propargyl 15% WP 80+120
T9 Pyroxasulfone 85% WDG+Sulfosulfuron 75% WG* 80+20
T10 Pyroxasulfone 85% WDG+Flucarbazone sodium 35% SC* 80+12
T11 Bixlozone 40% SC 350
T12 Pyroxasulfone 85% WDG 80
T13 Clodinafop propargyl 15% WP 120
T14 Sulfosulfuron 75% WG* 20
T15 Flucarbazone sodium 35% SC* 12
T16 Untreated Control (UTC) 0

T1 to T3 are present compositions, T4 to T10 are conventional tank mixes, T11 to T15 are market products.

T11: Weed populations in wheat crop after post emergence application.
Treatment number Average number of weeds per 0.25 sq.mt. area Average number of productive tillers/sq.mt. Increase(%) in productive tillers over T16
Phalaris minor
Pre count 15 DAA 30 DAA
T1 12.3 0.18 0.94 321.3 39.4
T2 11.7 0.14 0.62 324.6 40.8
T3 13.5 0.15 0.84 319.7 38.7
T4 12.7 4.86 5.12 294.8 27.9
T5 11.6 4.58 6.72 295.3 28.1
T6 10.9 3.64 5.38 296.4 28.6
T7 13.2 3.52 6.14 298.7 29.6
T8 11.4 3.28 4.86 301.2 30.7
T9 12.9 3.24 4.38 304.6 32.1
T10 13.4 3.12 5.12 300.3 30.3
T11 12.2 9.86 12.56 290.5 26.0
T12 11.8 7.46 8.94 293.9 27.5
T13 13.6 10.42 15.42 286.4 24.3
T14 12.7 9.58 10.62 288.7 25.2
T15 13.3 11.24 13.16 284.6 23.5
T16 12.8 38.72 50.86 230.5 0.0

The post emergent application of Bixlozone+Proxasulfone+Herbicide recorded lowest weed count of Phalaris minor at 15 DAA and 30 DAA, and produces higher number of productive tillers (>38.7% increase over T16 UTC).

EXPERIMENT - 5: Bio efficacy of Bixlozone+Pyroxasulfone+Metribuzin SC against mixed flora infesting sugarcane crop, as post-emergence application.
Crop: Sugarcane
Location: Sangli, Maharashtra
No. of Treatments: 16
Plot size: 50 sq.m.
Application Time: Post-emergence (10 DAP-Days after planting), before crop emergence.
Spray Volume: 500 liter water per hectare
Observations: Weed count were recorded at 30 and 60 DAA (Days after application) by using (50 cm x 50 cm) quadrant treatment wise at 4 places randomly selected covering entire treatment. The weed control (%) calculated by using given formula.

The weed control (as observed weed control %) data used in Colby’s formula to calculate the expected weed control (%) and synergism.
Tiller count: Count the number of tillers/shoot from 1 meter row length. Record the observations from 10 spot, each of 1 meter row length, from plot. Calculate increase (%) in tillers over Untreated plot.
Table 12: Treatment details.
Treatment number Treatment details Application Rate (gram active ingredients per hectare)
T1 Bixlozone 32%+Pyroxasulfone 8%+Metribuzin 20% WG 400+100+250
T2 Bixlozone 34%+Pyroxasulfone 7.2%+Metribuzin 18% WG 425+90+225
T3 Bixlozone 36%+Pyroxasulfone 6.4%+Metribuzin 16% WG 450+80+200
T4 Bixlozone 36%+Pyroxasulfone 8% WG 450+100
T5 Bixlozone 36%+Metribuzin 20% WG 450+250
T6 Pyroxasulfone 16%+Metribuzin 40% WG 100+250
T7 Bixlozone 40% SC 400
T8 Bixlozone 40% SC 425
T9 Bixlozone 40% SC 450
T10 Pyroxasulfone 85% WDG 100
T11 Pyroxasulfone 85% WDG 90
T12 Pyroxasulfone 85% WDG 80
T13 Metribuzin 70% WP 250
T14 Metribuzin 70% WP 225
T15 Metribuzin 70% WP 200
T16 Untreated Control (UTC) 0
T1 to T3 are present compositions, T4 to T6 are known compositions, T7 to T15 are solo products.
Table 13: Residual weed control in sugarcane.
Treatment number % Weed control Average number of tillers/mrl at 90 DAA Increase(%) in tillers over T16
30 DAA 60 DAA
Observed Expected Colby's ratio Synergism (Y/N) Observed Expected Colby's ratio Synergism (Y/N)
T1 100.0 92.93 1.08 Y 98.4 86.65 1.14 Y 32.3 65.6
T2 100.0 92.26 1.08 Y 95.2 84.20 1.13 Y 31.9 63.6
T3 98.4 90.83 1.08 Y 90.8 81.31 1.12 Y 31.6 62.1
T4 85.6 83.52 1.02 Y 75.8 78.01 0.97 N 27.1 39.0
T5 87.4 85.34 1.02 Y 76.4 78.95 0.97 N 27.6 41.5
T6 89.8 85.91 1.05 Y 78.2 79.40 0.98 N 28.2 44.6
T7 49.8 35.2 23.1 18.5
T8 55.4 46.4 24.9 27.7
T9 58.6 52.6 25.5 30.8
T10 60.2 53.6 25.8 32.3
T11 56.4 46.2 24.7 26.7
T12 50.8 37.6 23.7 21.5
T13 64.6 55.6 26.2 34.4
T14 60.2 45.2 24.2 24.1
T15 55.0 36.8 23.3 19.5
T16 0.0 0.0 19.5 0.0
Weed flora observed in trial plots were Grasses (70%)-Echinochloa colonum, Brachiaria spp., Digitaria spp., broad leaf weeds (30%)-Trianthema spp., Amaranthus viridia, Convolvulus spp.

The field trial result shows that the present composition comprising of bixlozone+pyroxasulfone+metribuzin WG at different use rate (T1, T2, T3) provides synergistic control of all weeds at 30 and 60 DAA. All the known conventional compositions (T4, T5, T6) shows synergism in terms of weed control at 30 DAA, but fail to provides synergistic control at 60 DAA with poor weed control (<71.6%). The known compositions (T4,T5,T6) were applied at their higher use rate. The present compositions (T1,T2,T3) at different use rate provides higher bioefficacy (>90.8% weed control) at 60 DAA and also produces higher number of productive tillers (>62.1% increases over T16) as compared to known conventional compositions and solo products at different use rate.
None of the compositions shows any kind of phytotoxicity to the sugarcane crop.

EXPERIMENT - 6: Bio efficacy of Bixlozone+Pyroxasulfone+Herbicide against mixed flora infesting sugarcane crop, as pre-emergence application.
Crop: Sugarcane
Location: Ahmednagar, Maharashtra
No. of Treatments: 19
Plot size: 30 sq.m.
Application Time: Pre-emergence (1 DAP-Days after planting), before weed & crop emergence.
Spray Volume: 500 liter water per hectare
Observations: as per the example 5.
Table 14: Treatment details.
Treatment number Treatment details Application Rate (gram active ingredients per hectare)
T1 Bixlozone 40%+Pyroxasulfone 10%+Metsulfuron methyl 0.4% WG 400+100+4
T2 Bixlozone 20%+Pyroxasulfone 5%+Clomazone 25% WP 400+100+500
T3 Bixlozone 20%+Pyroxasulfone 5%+Diflufenican 5% SC 400+100+100
T4 Bixlozone 40%+Pyroxasulfone 10%+Flumioxazin 8% WG 400+100+80
T5 Bixlozone 20%+Pyroxasulfone 5%+Trifludimoxazin 1% SC 400+100+20
T6 Bixlozone 40% SC+Pyroxasulfone 85% WDG 400+100
T7 Pyroxasulfone 85% WDG+Metsulfuron methyl 20% WG 100+4
T8 Pyroxasulfone 85% WDG+Clomazone 50% EC 100+500
T9 Pyroxasulfone 85% WDG+Diflufenican 50% SC 100+100
T10 Pyroxasulfone 85% WDG+Flumioxazin 50% SC 100+80
T11 Pyroxasulfone 85% WDG+Trifludimoxazin 50% SC 100+20
T12 Bixlozone 40% SC 400
T13 Pyroxasulfone 85% WDG 100
T14 Metsulfuron methyl 20% WG 4
T15 Clomazone 50% EC 500
T16 Diflufenican 50% SC 100
T17 Flumioxazin 50% SC 80
T18 Trifludimoxazin 50% SC 20
T19 Untreated Control (UTC) 0
T1 to T5 are present compositions, T6 to T11 are conventional tank mixes, T12 to T18 are solo products.

Table 15: Weed control in sugarcane crop.
Treatment number % Weed control
30 DAP 60 DAP
Observed Expected Colby's ratio Synergism (Y/N) Observed Expected Colby's ratio Synergism (Y/N)
T1 100.0 93.71 1.07 Y 97.2 86.48 1.12 Y
T2 100.0 95.30 1.05 Y 98.8 89.37 1.11 Y
T3 100.0 93.93 1.06 Y 95.8 86.73 1.10 Y
T4 100.0 95.37 1.05 Y 99.4 89.24 1.11 Y
T5 100.0 95.58 1.05 Y 100.0 90.75 1.10 Y
T6 92.8 88.18 1.05 Y 76.2 79.07 0.96 N
T7 85.4 80.10 1.07 Y 64.8 67.96 0.95 N
T8 87.6 85.11 1.03 Y 70.8 74.80 0.95 N
T9 84.8 80.78 1.05 Y 65.6 68.55 0.96 N
T10 87.2 85.34 1.02 Y 71.2 74.51 0.96 N
T11 88.8 86.01 1.03 Y 75.6 78.08 0.97 N
T12 68.4 57.8
T13 62.6 50.4
T14 46.8 35.4
T15 60.2 49.2
T16 48.6 36.6
T17 60.8 48.6
T18 62.6 55.8
T19 0.0 0.0
Weed flora observed in trial plots were Grasses (50%)-Dactylactenium aegyptium, Echinochloa colonum, Cloris barbeta, broad leaf weeds (50%)-Portulaca spp., Trianthema spp., Digera arvensis, Euphorbia hirta.

All the present compositions (T1 to T5) provides excellent control of mixed weedflora (grasses and broad leaf weeds) at 30 and 60 DAS. The bioefficacy observed with the conventional tank mixes (T6 to T11) were lower (<76.2% control) as compared to all the present compositions (>97.2% control) at 60 DAS. Phytotoxicity were not observed in any of the treatments.

EXPERIMENT -7: Bio efficacy of Bixlozone+Fenoxasulfone+Herbicide against mixed flora infesting sugarcane crop, as pre-emergence application.
Crop: Sugarcane
Location: Satara, Maharashtra
No. of Treatments: 13
Plot size: 40 sq.m.
Application Time: Pre-emergence (2 DAP-Days after planting), before weed & crop emergence.
Spray Volume: 500 liter water per hectare
Observations: as per the example 5.
Table 16: Treatment details.
Treatment number Treatment details Application Rate (gram active ingredients per hectare)
T1 Bixlozone 25%+Fenoxasulfone 8%+Metribuzin 12% WG 375+120+180
T2 Bixlozone 25%+Fenoxasulfone 8%+Flumioxazin 8% WG 375+120+120
T3 Bixlozone 25%+Fenoxasulfone 8%+Trifludimoxazin 1% WG 375+120+15
T4 Bixlozone 12.5%+Fenoxasulfone 4%+Pendimethalin 20% SE 375+120+600
T5 Bixlozone 12.5%+Fenoxasulfone 4%+Metolachlor 20% SE 375+120+600
T6 Bixlozone 40% SC 375
T7 Fenoxasulfone 30% SC 120
T8 Metribuzin 70% WP 180
T9 Flumioxazin 50% SC 120
T10 Trifludimoxazin 50% SC 15
T11 Pendimethalin 30% EC 600
T12 Metolachlor 50% EC 600
T13 Untreated Control (UTC) 0
T1 to T5 are present compositions, T6 to T12 are solo products.
Table 17: Weed control in sugarcane, as pre-emergence application.
Treatment number % Weed control
45 DAP
Observed Expected Colby's ratio Synergism (Y/N)
T1 100.0 94.70 1.06 Y
T2 100.0 95.54 1.05 Y
T3 100.0 95.93 1.04 Y
T4 100.0 96.15 1.04 Y
T5 100.0 96.36 1.04 Y
T6 65.2
T7 70.6
T8 48.2
T9 56.4
T10 60.2
T11 62.4
T12 64.4
T13 0.0

Weed flora observed in trial plots were Grasses (60%)-Echinochloa colonum, Eleusine spp, Cynodon spp., broad leaf weeds (30%)-Parthenium spp., Physalis spp., Sedges (10%)-Cyperus rotundus.

All the present compositions (T1 to T5) provides synergistic control of mixed weedflora (grassy weeds, broad leaf and sedges) in sugarcane at 45 DAP, without showing any kind of phytotoxicity symptoms to the sugarcane crop.

Summary of field trials:
• The compositions comprising of Bixlozone+Pyroxasulfone+Herbicide and Bixlozone+Fenoxasulfone+Herbicide provides synergistic and broad spectrum control of mixed weed flora (grassy, broad leaf weeds and sedges).
• Provides desirable residual control of weeds.
• Excellent control of tough to control weeds in single shot application. Farmers does not need to apply frequently.
• Provides excellent tools as delaying resistance development in weeds against specific herbicide.
• Does not shows major phytotoxicity symptoms and does not have any kind of impact on crop growth and yield.
• Due to excellent weed control, crops were observed with increase tillers, shoot counts which are directly contributing to the crop yield.
,CLAIMS:CLAIMS
We claim;
[CLAIM 1]. A synergistic herbicidal composition comprising:
a. Bixlozone is in the range of 1% to 40% w/w;
b. at least one herbicide selected from Pyroxasulfone and Fenoxasulfone is in the range of 1% to 20% w/w;
c. a herbicide selected from Pendimethalin, Metolachlor, S-Metolachlor, Cinmethylin, Flumioxazine, Trifludimoxazin, Flufenacet, Mefenacet, Clodinafop-Propargyl, Pinoxaden, Flucarbazone sodium, Thiencarbazone methyl, Pyrasulfotole, Bromoxynil, Metribuzin, Isoproturon, Clomazone, Sulfosulfuron, Metsulfuron methyl, Triasulfuron, Mesosulfuron, Iodosulfuron, Bicyclopyrone, Diflufenican present in the range of 0.1% to 40% w/w of the composition.
d. formulation excipients

[CLAIM 2]. The synergistic herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein formulation for the said composition is selected from Capsule suspension (CS), Suspension concentrate (SC), Suspo-emulsion (SE), Wettable powder (WP), Water dispersible granule (WG or WDG), Zeon Concentrate (ZC) formulation [mixed formulation of CS and SC (ZC)].

[CLAIM 3]. The synergistic herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein the composition for Suspo-emulsion (SE) formulation comprises:
a. Bixlozone is in the range of 1% to 40% w/w;
b. at least one herbicide selected from Pyroxasulfone and Fenoxasulfone is in the range of 1% to 20% w/w;
c. a herbicide selected from Pendimethalin, Metolachlor, S-Metolachlor, Cinmethylin, Flumioxazine, Trifludimoxazin, Flufenacet, Mefenacet, Clodinafop-Propargyl, Pinoxaden, Flucarbazone sodium, Thiencarbazone methyl, Pyrasulfotole, Bromoxynil, Metribuzin, Isoproturon, Clomazone, Sulfosulfuron, Metsulfuron methyl, Triasulfuron, Mesosulfuron, Iodosulfuron, Bicyclopyrone, Diflufenican present in the range of 0.1% to 40% w/w of the composition;
d. super wetting-spreading-penetrating agent present in an amount of 4.0% to 6.0% w/w;
e. wetting agent present in an amount of 2.0-4.0%w/w;
f. dispersing agent I present in an amount of 2.0-4.0%w/w;
g. dispersing agent II present in an amount of 2.0-4.0%w/w;
h. suspending agent present in an amount of 0.1-2.0 %w/w;
i. anti foaming agent present in an amount of 0.05-0.5%w/w;
j. preservative present in an amount of 0.05-0.5%w/w;
k. anti freezing agent present in an amount of 0.05-0.5%w/w;
l. thickner present in an amount of 0.05-0.5%w/w;
m. Diluent water present in an amount of 30.0-40.0%w/w;

[CLAIM 4]. The synergistic herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 3, wherein super wetting-spreading-penetrating agent present is selected from trisiloxane ethoxylate, polyalkyleneoxide modified trisiloxane, polydimethylsiloxane, polyoxyethylene methyl polysiloxane, polyoxyalkylene methyl polysiloxane, polyether polymethyl siloxane copolymer, heptamethyl trisiloxane, Polyalkyleneoxide modified heptamethyl trisiloxane, polyether modified polysiloxane.

[CLAIM 5]. The synergistic herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 3, wherein dispersing agent is selected from poly(methacrylate), poly(ethyl methacrylate), poly(methylmethacrylate), acrylate copoylmers and styrene-acrylic copolymers polydioxanone, cellulose esters, ethyl cellulose, cellulose acetate butyrate, starch esters, starch esteraliphatic polyester blends, modified corn starch, polycaprolactone, poly(namylmethacrylate), wood rosin, polyanhydrides, polyvinylalcohol, polyhydroxy butyrate valerate, Napthalene sulfonic acid ,sodium salt condensed with formaldehyde, alkylated naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt, sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonate condensate, sodium ligno sulfonate, sodium ploycarboxylate, EO/PO block copolymer, phenol sulfonate, sodium methyl oleoyl taurate, styrene acrylic acid copolymer, propyleneoxide-ethyleneoxide-copolymer, polyethylene glycol 2,4,6-tristyrylphenyl ether, tristyrylphenol-polyglycolether-phosphate, tristyrylphenole with 16 moles EO, tristyrylphenol-polyglycol ether-phosphate, oleyl-polyglycol ether with ethylene oxide, tallow fatty amine polyethylene oxide, nonylphenol polyglycol ether with 9-10 moles ethylene oxide.

[CLAIM 6]. The synergistic herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 3, wherein wetting agent is selected from Ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer, Polyarylphenyl ether phosphate, Polyalkoxylated butyl ether, Ethoxylated Fatty Alcohol, Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium lauryl sulphate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, Polycondensate of polypropylene glycol with ethylene oxide, alkyl diphenyl sulfonates, sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, Alkyl naphthalene sulfonate.

[CLAIM 7]. The synergistic herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 3, wherein Suspending agent is selected from aluminum magnesium silicate, bentonite clay, silica, silicone dioxide, attapulgite clay.

[CLAIM 8]. The synergistic herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein the composition for Zeon Concentrate (ZC) formulation comprises:
a. Bixlozone is in the range of 1% to 40% w/w;
b. at least one herbicide selected from Pyroxasulfone and Fenoxasulfone is in the range of 1% to 20% w/w;
c. a herbicide selected from Pendimethalin, Metolachlor, S-Metolachlor, Cinmethylin, Flumioxazine, Trifludimoxazin, Flufenacet, Mefenacet, Clodinafop-Propargyl, Pinoxaden, Flucarbazone sodium, Thiencarbazone methyl, Pyrasulfotole, Bromoxynil, Metribuzin, Isoproturon, Clomazone, Sulfosulfuron, Metsulfuron methyl, Triasulfuron, Mesosulfuron, Iodosulfuron, Bicyclopyrone, Diflufenican present in the range of 0.1% to 40% w/w of the composition;
d. Wall forming material 1 present in an amount of 0.1-2.0 %w/w;
e. Wall forming material 2 present in an amount of 0.1-2.0 %w/w;
f. Emulsifier 1 present in an amount of 0.1% to 5.0% w/w;
g. Emulsifier 2 present in an amount of 0.1% to 5.0% w/w;
h. dispersing agent I present in an amount of 0.1% to 5.0% w/w;
i. dispersing agent II present in an amount of 0.1% to 2.0% w/w;
j. wetting agent present in an amount of 0.5% to 4.0% w/w;
k. super wetting-spreading-penetrating agent present in an amount of 2.0% to 5.0% w/w;
l. suspending agent present in an amount of 0.1-2.0 %w/w;
m. anti foaming agent present in an amount of 0.05-0.5%w/w;
n. preservative present in an amount of 0.05-0.5%w/w;
o. anti freezing agent present in an amount of 3.0-6.0%w/w;
p. thickner present in an amount of 0.05-0.5%w/w;
q. Diluent water present in an amount of 40.0-60.0%w/w.

[CLAIM 9]. The synergistic herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 8, wherein Wall forming material 1 is selected from Tetramethylene diisocyanate, pentamethylene diisocyanate, hexamethylene diisocyanate, toluene diisocyanate, diphenylmethene-4,4’-diisocyanate, polymethylene polyphenylene isocyanate, 2,4,4’-diphenyl ether tri-isocyanate, 3,3’-dimethyl-4,4’-diphenyl diisocyanate, 3,3’-dimethoxy-4,4’-diphenyl diisocyanate, 1,5-naphthylene diisocyanate and 4,4’4"-triphenylmethane tri-isocyanate, toluene diisocyanate or polymethylene polyphenylisocyanate, polyurethane comprising of polyfunctional iso cyanate and a polyamine in polarized form; and Wall forming material 2 is selected from Ammonia, hexamine, ethylenediamine, propylene-1,3-diamine, tetramethylenediamine, pentamethylenediamine, 1,6-hexamethylenediamine, diethylenetriamine, triethylenetetramine, tetra ethylene pentamine, pentaethylenehexamine, 4,9-dioxadodecane-1, 12-diamine, 1,3- phenylenediamine, 2,4- and 2,6-toluenediamine and 4,4’-diaminodiphenylmethane, 1,3-phenylenediamine, 2,4- and 2,6-toluenediamine, 4,4'-diaminodiphenylmethane, 1,5-diamino naphthalene, 1,3,5-triaminobenzene, 2,4,6-triaminotoluene, 1,3,6-triaminonaphthalene, 2,4,4'-triaminodiphenyl ether, 3,4,5-triamino-1,2,4-triazole and 1,4,5,8-tetraminoanthraquinone.

[CLAIM 10]. The synergistic herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 8, wherein a super wetting-spreading-penetrating agent is selected from trisiloxane ethoxylate, polydimethylsiloxane, polyoxyethylene methyl polysiloxane, polyoxyalkylene methyl polysiloxane, polyether polymethyl siloxane copolymer, heptamethyl trisiloxane, Polyalkyleneoxide modified heptamethyl trisiloxane, polyether modified polysiloxane, 10 mole ethylene oxide adduct of octylphenol, may or may not be in modified form, may be liquid or powder form or mixture thereof.

[CLAIM 11]. The synergistic herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 8, wherein dispersing agent is selected from Naphthalene sulfonic acid, sodium salt condensated with formaldehyde, alkylated naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt, sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonate condensate, sodium ligno sulfonate, sodium polycarboxylate, EO/PO based copolymer, phenol sulfonate, sodium methyl oleoyl taurate, styrene acrylic acid copolymer, propylene oxide-ethylene oxide-copolymer, polyethylene glycol 2,4,6-tristyrylphenyl ether, tristyrylphenol-polyglycol ether-phosphate, tristyrylphenole with 16 moles EO, tristyrylphenol-polyglycol ether-phosphate, oleyl-polyglycol ether with ethylene oxide, tallow fatty amine polyethylene oxide, nonylphenol polyglycol ether with 9-10 moles ethylene oxide.

[CLAIM 12]. The synergistic herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 8, wherein wetting agent is selected from Ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer, Polyarylphenyl ether phosphate, Ethoxylated Fatty Alcohol, Polycondensate of polypropylene glycol with ethylene oxide, Sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium lauryl sulphate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, alkyl diphenyl sulfonates, sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, Alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, Octyl phenol ethoxylate, alkyl phenol ethoxylate.

[CLAIM 13]. The synergistic herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein the composition for Water dispersible granule (WG or WDG) formulation comprises:
a. Bixlozone is in the range of 1% to 40% w/w;
b. at least one herbicide selected from Pyroxasulfone and Fenoxasulfone is in the range of 1% to 20% w/w;
c. a herbicide selected from Pendimethalin, Metolachlor, S-Metolachlor, Cinmethylin, Flumioxazine, Trifludimoxazin, Flufenacet, Mefenacet, Clodinafop-Propargyl, Pinoxaden, Flucarbazone sodium, Thiencarbazone methyl, Pyrasulfotole, Bromoxynil, Metribuzin, Isoproturon, Clomazone, Sulfosulfuron, Metsulfuron methyl, Triasulfuron, Mesosulfuron, Iodosulfuron, Bicyclopyrone, Diflufenican present in the range of 0.1% to 40% w/w of the composition;
d. dispersing agent I present in an amount of 5.0% to 8.0% w/w;
e. dispersing agent II present in an amount of 5.0% to 8.0% w/w;
f. wetting agent present in an amount of 4.0% to 6.0% w/w;
g. anti foaming agent present in an amount of 0.5-2.0%w/w;
h. Carrier water present in an amount of 5.0-20.0%w/w.

[CLAIM 14]. The synergistic herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 8, wherein dispersing agent sodium polycarboxylate (sodium polyacrylate), naphthalene sulfonic acid, sodium salt condensates with formaldehyde, Modified Sodium lignosulphonates, polyalcoxylated alkylphenol, naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate, methyl naphthalene-formaldehyde-condensate sodium salt, naphthalene condensates, lignosulfonates, calcium lignosulfonate, lignin sulfonate sodium salt, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt, Modified polyacrylate copolymer.

[CLAIM 15]. The synergistic herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 8, wherein wetting agent sodium N-methyl-N-oleoyl taurate, alkylated naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt, mixture of isomers of dibutyl naphthalene sulphonic acid sodium salt, sodium di-isopropyl naphthalene sulphonate, sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulphonate, sodium Lauryl sulfate, dioctyl sulfate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonates, phosphate esters, sulphosuccinates and non-ionic such as tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate, alkyl or alkaryl sulfonates such as alkylbenzene sulfonates, alpha olefin sulfonate and alkyl naphthalene sulfonates, ethoxylated or non-ethoxylated alkyl or alkaryl carboxylates, alkyl or alkaryl phosphate esters, alkyl polysaccharide, di or mono alkyl sulfosuccinate derivatives, alpha olefin sulfonates, alkyl naphthalene sulfonates, dialkyl sulphosuccinates, butyl, dibutyl, isopropyl and di-isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate salts, C12 alkyl benzene sulfonate or C10-C16 alkyl benzene sulfonate, organosilicons surfactants includes trisiloxane ethoxylate, polydimethylsiloxane, polyoxyethylene methyl polysiloxane, polyoxyalkylene methyl polysiloxane, polyether polymethyl siloxane copolymer, trisiloxane heptamethyl, Polyalkyleneoxide modified heptamethyl trisiloxane, polyether modified polysiloxane.

[CLAIM 16]. The synergistic herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 8, wherein anti foaming agent is polydimethylsiloxane.

[CLAIM 17]. The synergistic herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 8, wherein Carrier is selected from china clay, silica, lactose anhydrous, ammonium sulfate, sodium sulfate anhydrous, corn starch, urea, EDTA, urea formaldehyde resin, diatomaceous earth, kaolin, bentonite, kieselguhr, fuller's earth, attapulgite clay, bole, loess, talc, chalk, dolomite, limestone, lime, calcium carbonate, powdered magnesia, magnesium oxide, magnesium sulphate, sodium chloride, gypsum, calcium sulphate, pyrophyllite, silicates and silica gels.

[CLAIM 18]. The synergistic herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein the composition for Suspension Concentrate (SC) formulation comprises:
a. Bixlozone is in the range of 1% to 40% w/w;
b. at least one herbicide selected from Pyroxasulfone and Fenoxasulfone is in the range of 1% to 20% w/w;
c. a herbicide selected from Pendimethalin, Metolachlor, S-Metolachlor, Cinmethylin, Flumioxazine, Trifludimoxazin, Flufenacet, Mefenacet, Clodinafop-Propargyl, Pinoxaden, Flucarbazone sodium, Thiencarbazone methyl, Pyrasulfotole, Bromoxynil, Metribuzin, Isoproturon, Clomazone, Sulfosulfuron, Metsulfuron methyl, Triasulfuron, Mesosulfuron, Iodosulfuron, Bicyclopyrone, Diflufenican present in the range of 0.1% to 40% w/w of the composition;
d. super wetting-spreading- penetrating agent present in an amount of 4.0% to 6.0% w/w;
e. dispersing agent I present in an amount of 2.0% to 5.0% w/w;
f. dispersing agent II present in an amount of 2.0% to 5.0% w/w;
g. suspending agent present in an amount of 0.1-2.0 %w/w;
h. anti foaming agent present in an amount of 0.05-0.5%w/w;
i. preservative present in an amount of 0.05-0.5%w/w;
j. anti freezing agent present in an amount of 3.0-6.0%w/w;
k. thickner present in an amount of 0.05-0.5%w/w;
l. Diluent water present in an amount of 40.0-60.0%w/w.

[CLAIM 19]. The synergistic herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 18, wherein super wetting-spreading- penetrating agent is selected from trisiloxane ethoxylate, polydimethylsiloxane, polyoxyethylene methyl polysiloxane, polyoxyalkylene methyl polysiloxane, polyether polymethyl siloxane copolymer, heptamethyl trisiloxane, modified form includes polyalkyleneoxide modified heptamethyl trisiloxane, polyether modified polysiloxane, polyalkyleneoxide modified trisiloxane, polyalkyleneoxide modified polydimethylsiloxane, trisiloxane ethoxylate, polyoxyethylene methyl polysiloxane, polyether polymethyl siloxane copolymer, polyether modified polysiloxane.

[CLAIM 20]. The synergistic herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 18, wherein Dispersing agent is selected from Naphthalene sulfonic acid, sodium salt condensated with formaldehyde, alkylated naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt, sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonate condensate, sodium ligno sulfonate, sodium polycarboxylate, EO/PO based copolymer, phenol sulfonate, sodium methyl oleoyl taurate, styrene acrylic acid copolymer, propylene oxide-ethylene oxide-copolymer, polyethylene glycol 2,4,6-tristyrylphenyl ether, tristyrylphenol-polyglycol ether-phosphate, tristyrylphenole with 16 moles EO, tristyrylphenol-polyglycol ether-phosphate, oleyl-polyglycol ether with ethylene oxide, tallow fatty amine polyethylene oxide, nonylphenol polyglycol ether with 9-10 moles ethylene oxide.

[CLAIM 21]. The synergistic herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 18, wherein suspending agent is selected from aluminum magnesium silicate, bentonite clay, silica, attapulgite clay.

[CLAIM 22]. The synergistic herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein the composition for Wettable Powder (WP) formulation comprises:
a. Bixlozone is in the range of 1% to 40% w/w;
b. at least one herbicide selected from Pyroxasulfone and Fenoxasulfone is in the range of 1% to 20% w/w;
c. a herbicide selected from Pendimethalin, Metolachlor, S-Metolachlor, Cinmethylin, Flumioxazine, Trifludimoxazin, Flufenacet, Mefenacet, Clodinafop-Propargyl, Pinoxaden, Flucarbazone sodium, Thiencarbazone methyl, Pyrasulfotole, Bromoxynil, Metribuzin, Isoproturon, Clomazone, Sulfosulfuron, Metsulfuron methyl, Triasulfuron, Mesosulfuron, Iodosulfuron, Bicyclopyrone, Diflufenican present in the range of 0.1% to 40% w/w of the composition;
d. dispersing agent I present in an amount of 2.0% to 6.0% w/w;
e. dispersing agent II present in an amount of 2.0% to 5.0% w/w;
f. Wetting agent I present in an amount of 2.0% to 5.0% w/w;
g. Wetting agent II present in an amount of 2.0% to 6.0% w/w;
h. anti foaming agent present in an amount of 0.5-2.0%w/w;
i. Carrier present in an amount of 2.0-60.0%w/w.
[CLAIM 23]. The synergistic herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 18, wherein dispersing agent is selected from sodium polycarboxylate (sodium polyacrylate), naphthalene sulfonic acid, sodium salt condensates with formaldehyde, Modified Sodium lignosulphonates, polyalcoxylated alkyl phenol, naphthalene sulfonic acid formaldehyde condensate, methyl naphthalene-formaldehyde-condensate sodium salt, naphthalene condensates, lignosulfonates, calcium lignosulfonate, lignin sulfonate sodium salt, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt, Modified polyacrylate copolymer.

[CLAIM 24]. The herbicidal composition as claimed in claim 18, wherein Wetting agent is selected from sodium di-isopropyl naphthalene sulphonate, sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulphonate, Ethoxylated trystryl phenol, sodium Lauryl sulfate, dioctyl sulfate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonates, phosphate esters, sulphosuccinates and non-ionic such as tridecyl alcohol ethoxylate, alkyl or alkaryl sulfonates such as alkyl benzene sulfonates, alpha olefin sulfonate and alkyl naphthalene sulfonates,