DESC:CROSS-REFERENCE TO THE RELATED APPLICATION
[0001] This patent application is related to and claims the benefit of priority from the Indian Provisional Patent Application with Serial No. 787/CHE/2015 titled “A SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR AUTOMOTIVE TRANSMISSION THROUGH POWER-TAKE OFF MECHANISM IN EARTH MOVING EQUIPMENTS”, filed on February 18, 2105 and subsequently Post-dated by 3 months to May 18, 2015, and the contents of which are incorporated in entirety by the way of reference.

A) TECHNICAL FIELD
[0002] The present invention is generally related to construction machinery such as an earth moving equipment. The present invention is particularly related to earth moving equipment such as excavators with mini-wheels. The present invention is more particularly related to an automotive transmission for movement and hydraulic operation through the power take-off (PTO) mechanism and pump in the mini excavators.

B) BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[0003] Construction machinery such as excavators is well known to those skilled in the art. An excavator refers to a heavy construction equipment comprising a boom, stick, bucket, cab and the like, on a rotating platform. The excavators are designed to operate in varied environments, such as wide chambers, digging of trenches, holes, foundations, farming, landscaping, mining, demotion and the like.
[0004] The excavators have to be effective and efficient with the work attachments, as well as the transmission parts to operate in varied environments. Further, the excavators have to distribute the power for both travel and operational purposes. The various transmission mechanisms are followed to make the excavators work efficiently in varied environments. One of the systems uses hydrostatic or hydrodynamic approach for transmission of power to both travel and operating work attachments simultaneously. In these conventional systems, the engine power of the excavator is distributed by the hydraulic system for travel and operation.
[0005] Another conventional system uses an auxiliary power to drive the travel and the operating parts using a mechanical chain drive, or ratchet mechanism.
[0006] None of the presently available systems provides an automotive system for moving the vehicles in an intended direction and performs digging operations independently.
[0007] Hence, there is a need for a system for moving the excavator vehicle in an intended direction and perform digging operations simultaneously. Further, there is a need for a system for moving the drive system and the hydraulic system independently in an earth moving equipment. Still further, there is a need for a system for providing good traction and ground clearance to enable the excavator to work or travel in off-road/on-site conditions. Still further, there is a need for developing a gearbox and drive axles for moving the drive system and the hydraulic system independently in earth moving equipment. Yet there is a need for developing an earth moving equipment with less weight and lower ground-bearing load.
[0008] The above-mentioned shortcomings, disadvantages and problems are addressed herein and which will be understood by reading and studying the following specification.

C) OBJECT OF THE INVENTION
[0009] The primary object of the present invention is to provide a system for engaging the gearbox of an excavator to travel and operating parts separately.
[0010] Another object of the present invention is to develop a system for engaging gears with the drive system and hydraulic system independently in the excavator.
[0011] Yet another object of the present invention is to develop a system and for changing the drive ratio in the gearbox in a power take-off (PTO) in the excavator.
[0012] Yet another object of the present invention is to develop a system and for providing good traction and ground clearance to enable a vehicle to work or travel in off-road/on-site conditions.
[0013] Yet another object of the present invention is to develop a system and for providing work attachment in front of the operator, steering arrangement, and front and rear stabilizer for stability in the excavator.
[0014] Yet another object of the present invention is to develop a system and for rear engine mounting in the earth moving equipment such as the excavator.
[0015] Yet another object of the present invention is to develop a system and for making an entire engine power available for digging in earth moving equipment so that a digging force is increased by 40% for the same tonnage machine.
[0016] Yet another object of the present invention is to develop a system for designing a gearbox and four-wheel drive system with transfer case for earth moving equipment.
[0017] Yet another object of the present invention is to develop a system for engaging gears with the drive system and hydraulic system independently in the excavators, the mini excavator, the agricultural digger, the trencher, the front loader equipment, the mini dredger, the mini backhoe and the mini digger.
[0018] Yet another object of the present invention is to develop a small versatile machine suitable for minor/medium excavation jobs especially for the restoration of farm/dry lands, trenching for water/utility lines, gardening and landscaping, plumbing services, farm boundary excavation, lake beds and the like.
[0019] Yet another object of the present invention is to develop a seasonal farming activity (plant bunding, digging, replanting activity).
[0020] Yet another object of the present invention is to provide the excavator with a lesser weight, in comparison with the conventional excavators.
[0021] Yet another object of the present invention is to provide the excavator with a lower ground bearing load but a higher digging force at bucket end, in comparison with the conventional excavators.
[0022] Yet another object of the present invention is to develop a gear system and a drive axle suitable for moving the drive system and the hydraulic system independently in earth moving equipment.
[0023] These and other objects and advantages of the present invention will become readily apparent from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

D) SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[0024] The various embodiments of the present invention provide a system for engaging the gear with the construction machinery such as an excavator. The system includes an internal combustion engine, a plurality of work attachments, a clutch, a front drive axle, a rear drive axle, a hydraulic system, a power take-off drive, and a gearbox with power take-off. The gearbox of the excavator is a two-stage speed reduction gear box with a transfer case that allows the hydraulic system to be operated in excavation operations independent of a drive system used for travel operation of the excavator.
[0025] The various embodiments of the present invention provides a system for engaging a gear with a construction machinery such as an excavator. The system includes an engine, a drive system, a hydraulic system, a gearbox, a mechanical drive system, a clutch, a front wheel axle, and a rear wheel axle.
[0026] The engine is configured to supply energy for moving an excavator and for operating an excavator and a plurality of work attachments of the excavator, for executing a plurality of operations.
[0027] The drive system is connected to the engine for moving the excavator.
[0028] The hydraulic system is connected to the engine, and the hydraulic system is configured for performing an excavation using a hydraulic circuit.
[0029] The gearbox is connected to the engine for providing a speed and a torque required for driving the excavator during a travel operation, and wherein the gearbox includes a plurality of gears. Further, the gear box is coupled to the engine to receive an input drive power through a clutch. The gearbox hosts a two-stage speed reduction that allows the hydraulic system to run independently of the drive system.
[0030] The mechanical drive system integrated with the gear box to house a power take-off (PTO) mechanism to drive the hydraulic system, and the PTO mechanism is a PTO drive shaft. The PTO drive shaft is rotated with the power received from the engine to drive a hydraulic motor in the hydraulic circuit to operate a plurality of work attachments of the excavator.
[0031] The clutch is configured for controlling a transmission of the power and the motion of the excavator, and the clutch is connected to the gearbox. Further, the clutch is driven by the engine, and is operated by an operator of the excavator.
[0032] The front drive axle is powered by the engine, and is configured for driving front wheels of the excavator. The front drive axle is engaged with the front wheels through the plurality of gears in the gear box.
[0033] The rear wheel axle is powered by the engine, and is configured for driving rear wheels of the excavator. The rear wheel axle is controlled by the plurality of gears in the gearbox.
[0034] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of work attachments are attached to a body of the excavator, and the work attachments are attached using one of direct attachment at a bucket end and a quick coupler. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gear box is configured to disengage the drive system and an entire power from the engine is transferred to the PTO shaft to run the plurality of work attachments, when a movement of the excavator is stopped.
[0035] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the engine is an Internal combustion (IC) Engine.
[0036] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of work attachments is selected from a group consisting of augers, trenchers, backhoes, blades, brooms, buckets, couplers, de-limbers, forks, hammers, harvester heads, saws, and rippers.
[0037] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the front drive axle is one of a split drive axle or a continuous axle.
[0038] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gearbox is further configured for operating the front drive axle, and transmitting the power to the power take-off.
[0039] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic system includes a plurality of hydraulic pumps, a plurality of auxiliary pumps, a hydraulic operating fluid, a control valve device, and an arm cylinder.
[0040] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the power take-off system is guided by the gearbox, and is engaged when the gears are not engaged with the excavator.
[0041] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the rear drive axle is of a split drive either axle or a continuous axle.
[0042] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic system is disengaged from the gearbox to a neutral condition when the plurality of work attachments are not operating.
[0043] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the excavator is fitted with floatation tires to provide a traction and ground clearance to work or travel in off road/on-site conditions.
[0044] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the engine is connected to the clutch. The clutch is connected to gear box. The gear box has 2 stage speed reduction. The gear box has two gear trains. One of the gear trains is configured to drive the front and rear drive axles, on the output side. Another gear train has the PTO as output shaft. The hydraulic pump is connected, to this PTO output shaft to drive all the hydraulic applications).
[0045] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gearbox guides the power take-off system. The power take-off system is engaged when the gears are not engaged with the excavator. When the work attachments or stabilizer arms needs to be engaged, the PTO is engaged to the gear train. Also the power to drive axles is not engaged with the excavator during this time.
[0046] The system for engaging a gear with a construction machinery such as an excavator includes an internal combustion engine, a hydraulic system, and a power take-off drive, a gearbox with a power take-off mechanism, a clutch, a front wheel drive, and a rear wheel drive.
[0047] The internal combustion engine is configured to produce heat, and the produced heat generates motion and energy for operating the excavator and a plurality of work attachments of the excavator.
[0048] The hydraulic system configured for performing the excavation using a hydraulic circuit. The hydraulic system operates independently from a gear system.
[0049] The power take-off drive is configured to drive the hydraulic system using the energy generated by the internal combustion engine. Further, the power take-off drive provides the power in the form of a rotating shaft to the plurality of work attachment.
[0050] The gearbox with a power take-off mechanism configured for providing speed and torque required for driving the excavator during a travel operation. The gearbox includes a plurality of gears and the power take-off system as directed by an operator of the excavator. The gearbox is coupled to the internal combustion engine to receive an input drive through a clutch. Further, the gearbox hosts a two-stage speed reduction that allows the hydraulic system to run independently of a drive system.
[0051] The clutch is configured for controlling the transmission of the power and the motion of the excavator. The clutch is connected to the gearbox, and is driven by the internal combustion engine. According to an embodiment of the present invention, an operator of the excavator operates the clutch.
[0052] The front drive axle is powered by the internal combustion engine, and is used for driving the front wheels of the excavator. The front drive axle is engaged with the front wheels using the plurality of gears in the gearbox.
[0053] The rear wheel axle is powered by the internal combustion engine, and is configured for driving the rear wheels of the excavator. The rear wheel axle is controlled by the plurality of gears in the gearbox.
[0054] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of work attachments are attached to the body of the excavator, and the work attachments are attached using one of direct attachment at a bucket end and a quick coupler.
[0055] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of work attachments is selected from a group consisting of augers, trenchers, backhoes, blades, brooms, buckets, couplers, de-limbers, forks, hammers, harvester heads, saws, and rippers.
[0056] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the front drive axle is one of a split drive axle or a continuous axle.
[0057] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gearbox is further configured for operating the front drive axle, and transmitting the power to the power take-off.
[0058] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic system includes a plurality of hydraulic pumps, a plurality of auxiliary pumps, a hydraulic operating fluid, a control valve device, and an arm cylinder.
[0059] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gearbox guides the power take-off system. The power take-off system is engaged when the gears are not engaged with the excavator.
[0060] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the rear drive axle is of a split drive either axle or a continuous axle.
[0061] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic system is disengaged from the gearbox to a neutral condition when the plurality of work attachments are not operating.
[0062] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the engine is connected to the clutch. The clutch is connected to gear box. The gear box has 2 stage speed reduction. The gear box has two gear trains. One of the gear trains is configured to drive the front and rear drive axles, on the output side. Another gear train has the PTO as output shaft. The hydraulic pump is connected, to this PTO output shaft to drive all the hydraulic applications.
[0063] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gearbox guides the power take-off system. The power take-off system is engaged when the gears are not engaged with the excavator. When the work attachments or stabilizer arms needs to be engaged, the PTO is engaged to the gear train. Also the power to drive axles is not engaged with the excavator during this time.
[0064] These and other aspects of the embodiments of the present invention will be better appreciated and understood when considered in conjunction with the following description and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the following descriptions, while indicating the preferred embodiments and numerous specific details thereof, are given by way of an illustration and not of a limitation. Many changes and modifications may be made within the scope of the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit thereof, and the embodiments of the present invention include all such modifications.

E) BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0065] The other objects, features, and advantages will occur to those skilled in the art from the following description of the preferred embodiment and the accompanying drawings in which:
[0066] FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram of an excavator, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0067] FIG. 2illustrates a block diagram of a gearbox with a PTO mechanism in eth excavator, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0068] FIG. 3 illustrates a perspective view of the excavator, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0069] FIG. 4 illustrates a side view of the excavator, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0070] FIG. 5 illustrates a top side view of the excavator, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0071] FIG. 6 illustrates a side view of the excavator performing a digging operation, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0072] FIG. 7 illustrates a front view of the excavator performing a digging operation, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0073] FIG. 8 illustrates a cross sectional view of the gearbox indicating the first gear engaged position in the excavator, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0074] FIG. 9 illustrates a cross sectional view of the gearbox indicating a second gear engaged position of the excavator, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0075] FIG. 10 illustrates a cross sectional view of the gearbox indicating a reverse gear engaged position of the excavator, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0076] FIG. 11 illustrates a cross sectional view of the gearbox indicating a PTO gear-engaged position of the excavator, according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[0077] Although the specific features of the present invention are shown in some drawings and not in others. This is done for convenience only as each feature may be combined with any or all of the other features in accordance with the present invention.

F) DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0078] In the following detailed description, a reference is made to the accompanying drawings that form a part hereof, and in which the specific embodiments that may be practiced is shown by way of illustration. These embodiments are described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the embodiments and it is to be understood that the logical, mechanical and other changes may be made without departing from the scope of the embodiments. The following detailed description is therefore not to be taken in a limiting sense.
[0079] The various embodiments of the present invention provide a system for engaging the gear with the construction machinery such as an excavator. The system includes an internal combustion engine, a plurality of work attachments, a clutch, a front drive axle, a rear drive axle, a hydraulic system, a power take-off drive, and a gearbox with power take-off. The gearbox of the excavator is a two-stage speed reduction gear box with a transfer case that allows the hydraulic system to be operated in excavation operations independent of a drive system used for travel operation of the excavator.
[0080] The various embodiments of the present invention provides a system for engaging a gear with a construction machinery such as an excavator. The system includes an engine, a drive system, a hydraulic system, a gearbox, a mechanical drive system, a clutch, a front wheel axle, and a rear wheel axle.
[0081] The engine is configured to supply energy for moving an excavator and for operating an excavator and a plurality of work attachments of the excavator, for executing a plurality of operations.
[0082] The drive system is connected to the engine for moving the excavator.
[0083] The hydraulic system is connected to the engine, and the hydraulic system is configured for performing an excavation using a hydraulic circuit.
[0084] The gearbox is connected to the engine for providing a speed and a torque required for driving the excavator during a travel operation, and wherein the gearbox includes a plurality of gears. Further, the gear box is coupled to the engine to receive an input drive power through a clutch. The gearbox hosts a two-stage speed reduction that allows the hydraulic system to run independently of the drive system.
[0085] The mechanical drive system integrated with the gear box to house a power take-off (PTO) mechanism to drive the hydraulic system, and the PTO mechanism is a PTO drive shaft. The PTO drive shaft is rotated with the power received from the engine to drive a hydraulic motor in the hydraulic circuit to operate a plurality of work attachments of the excavator.
[0086] The clutch is configured for controlling a transmission of the power and the motion of the excavator, and the clutch is connected to the gearbox. Further, the clutch is driven by the engine, and is operated by an operator of the excavator.
[0087] The front drive axle is powered by the engine, and is configured for driving front wheels of the excavator. The front drive axle is engaged with the front wheels through the plurality of gears in the gear box.
[0088] The rear wheel axle is powered by the engine, and is configured for driving rear wheels of the excavator. The rear wheel axle is controlled by the plurality of gears in the gearbox.
[0089] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of work attachments are attached to a body of the excavator, and the work attachments are attached using one of direct attachment at a bucket end and a quick coupler. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gear box is configured to disengage the drive system and an entire power from the engine is transferred to the PTO shaft to run the plurality of work attachments, when a movement of the excavator is stopped.
[0090] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the engine is an Internal combustion (IC) Engine.
[0091] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of work attachments is selected from a group consisting of augers, trenchers, backhoes, blades, brooms, buckets, couplers, de-limbers, forks, hammers, harvester heads, saws, and rippers.
[0092] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the front drive axle is one of a split drive axle or a continuous axle.
[0093] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gearbox is further configured for operating the front drive axle, and transmitting the power to the power take-off.
[0094] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic system includes a plurality of hydraulic pumps, a plurality of auxiliary pumps, a hydraulic operating fluid, a control valve device, and an arm cylinder.
[0095] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the power take-off system is guided by the gearbox, and is engaged when the gears are not engaged with the excavator.
[0096] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the rear drive axle is of a split drive either axle or a continuous axle.
[0097] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic system is disengaged from the gearbox to a neutral condition when the plurality of work attachments are not operating.
[0098] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the excavator is fitted with floatation tires to provide a traction and ground clearance to work or travel in off road/on-site conditions.
[0099] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the engine is connected to the clutch. The clutch is connected to gear box. The gear box has 2 stage speed reduction. The gear box has two gear trains. One of the gear trains is configured to drive the front and rear drive axles, on the output side. Another gear train has the PTO as output shaft. The hydraulic pump is connected, to this PTO output shaft to drive all the hydraulic applications).
[00100] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gearbox guides the power take-off system. The power take-off system is engaged when the gears are not engaged with the excavator. When the work attachments or stabilizer arms needs to be engaged, the PTO is engaged to the gear train. Also the power to drive axles is not engaged with the excavator during this time.
[00101] The various embodiments of the present invention provides a system for engaging a gear with a construction machinery such as an excavator. The system includes an engine, a drive system, a hydraulic system, a gearbox, a mechanical drive system, a clutch, a front wheel axle, and a rear wheel axle.
[00102] The system includes an internal combustion engine, a plurality of work attachments, a clutch, a front drive axle, a rear drive axle, a hydraulic system, a power take-off drive, and a gearbox with power take-off. The gearbox of the excavator hosts a two-stage speed reduction that allows the hydraulic system to operate excavation operations independent of a drive system used for travel operation of the excavator.
[00103] The system for engaging a gear with a construction machinery such as an excavator includes an internal combustion engine, a hydraulic system, and a power take-off drive, a gearbox with a power take-off mechanism, a clutch, a front wheel drive, and a rear wheel drive.
[00104] The internal combustion engine is configured to produce heat, and the produced heat generates motion and energy for operating the excavator and a plurality of work attachments of the excavator.
[00105] The hydraulic system configured for performing the excavation using a hydraulic circuit. The hydraulic system operates independently from a gear system.
[00106] The power take-off drive is configured to drive the hydraulic system using the energy generated by the internal combustion engine. Further, the power take-off drive provides the power in the form of a rotating shaft to the plurality of work attachment.
[00107] The gearbox with a power take-off mechanism configured for providing speed and torque required for driving the excavator during a travel operation, and the gearbox includes a plurality of gears and the power take-off system as directed by an operator of the excavator. The gearbox is coupled to the internal combustion engine to receive an input drive through a clutch. Further, the gearbox hosts a two-stage speed reduction that allows the hydraulic system to run independently of a drive system.
[00108] The clutch is configured for controlling the transmission of the power and the motion of the excavator. The clutch is connected to the gearbox, and is driven by the internal combustion engine. According to an embodiment of the present invention, an operator of the excavator operates the clutch.
[00109] The front drive axle is powered by the internal combustion engine, and is used for driving front wheels of the excavator. The front drive axle is engaged with the front wheels using the plurality of gears in the gearbox.
[00110] The rear wheel axle is powered by the internal combustion engine, and is configured for driving rear wheels of the excavator. The rear wheel axle is controlled by the plurality of gears in the gearbox.
[00111] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of work attachments are attached to the body of the excavator, and the work attachments are attached using one of direct attachment at a bucket end and a quick coupler.
[00112] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of work attachments is selected from a group consisting of augers, trenchers, backhoes, blades, brooms, buckets, couplers, de-limbers, forks, hammers, harvester heads, saws, and rippers.
[00113] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the front drive axle is one of a split drive axle or a continuous axle.
[00114] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gearbox is further configured for operating the front drive axle, and transmitting the power to the power take-off.
[00115] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic system includes a plurality of hydraulic pumps, a plurality of auxiliary pumps, a hydraulic operating fluid, a control valve device, and an arm cylinder.
[00116] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gearbox guides the power take-off system. The power take-off system is engaged when the gears are not engaged with the excavator.
[00117] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the rear drive axle is of a split drive either axle or a continuous axle.
[00118] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic system is disengaged from the gearbox to a neutral condition when the plurality of work attachments are not operating.
[00119] The various embodiments of the present invention provide a system for engaging gearbox of an excavator. The system comprises a plurality of gears, a Power take-off (PTO) drive, and a gear system. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gear system engages either with the gears of the excavator or with the PTO drive based on the requirement.
[00120] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the requirement for engaging the gear system is controlled manually. According to another embodiment of the present invention, the requirement for engaging the gear system is controlled automatically. The automatic engagement of the gear system is based on the one or more parameters set by the manufacturer. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the one or more parameters set by the manufacturer is changed by the operator of the excavator.
[00121] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gear system cannot engage with the PTO drive while the excavator is travelling, and similarly, the gear system cannot engage with the gears for travelling while operating the work attachments.
[00122] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the present invention provides a system for engaging the gear with the construction machinery such as an excavator. The system comprises a plurality of gears, a PTO drive, and a gear system. The gear system engages either with the gears of the excavator or with the PTO drive based on the requirement. The requirement for engaging the gear system is controlled either manually or automatically. The gear system engages with the PTO drive and the plurality of gears independently. The gear system cannot engage with the PTO drive while the excavator is travelling, and similarly, the gear system cannot engage with the gears for travelling while operating the work attachments.
[00123] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the engine is connected to the clutch. The clutch is connected to gear box. The gear box has 2 stage speed reduction. The gear box has two gear trains. One of the gear trains is configured to drive the front and rear drive axles, on the output side. Another gear train has the PTO as output shaft. The hydraulic pump is connected, to this PTO output shaft to drive all the hydraulic applications.
[00124] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gearbox guides the power take-off system. The power take-off system is engaged when the gears are not engaged with the excavator. When the work attachments or stabilizer arms needs to be engaged, the PTO is engaged to the gear train. Also the power to drive axles is not engaged with the excavator during this time.
[00125] FIG. 1 illustrates a block diagram 100 of system components of an excavator, according to an embodiment of the present invention. The system components include a plurality of work attachments 102, a front drive axle 104, a gearbox with PTO 106, a hydraulic system 108, a PTO 110, a clutch 112, an engine 114, and a rear drive axle 116.
[00126] The work attachments 102 refer to the attachments made to the excavator 100 for operating in various environments. Examples of the work attachments 102 include, but are not limited to augers, trenchers, backhoes, blades, brooms, buckets, couplers, de-limbers, forks, hammers, harvester heads, saws, rippers, and the like. The work attachments 102 are attached to the main body of the excavator to perform one or more tasks. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the work attachments 102 are attached either directly to the excavator at the bucket end or by having a quick coupler to attach various kinds of work attachments.
[00127] The system includes a front drive axle 104. A drive axle is an axle in a vehicle that is powered by the engine. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the front drive axle 104 refers to the axle that is used for driving the front wheels of the excavator. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the front drive axle 104 can be a split drive axle. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the front drive axle 104 is a continuous axle. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the front drive axle 104 is engaged with the front wheels using the gear of the excavator.
[00128] The system includes the gearbox with PTO 106. The gearbox with PTO 106 is used for providing speed and torque to the excavator and driving the excavator during the travel. The gearbox with PTO 106 engages the one or more wheels of the excavator for changing the speed and the torque. Further, the gearbox with PTO 106 is used for operating the front drive axle 104. Further, the gearbox with PTO 106 is used for transmitting the power to the PTO 110.
[00129] The system includes the hydraulic system 108. The hydraulic system 108 of the excavator performs an excavation using a hydraulic circuit. The hydraulic system 108 allows the work attachments 102 to be used for performing various operations. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic system 108 comprises a plurality of hydraulic pumps, an auxiliary hydraulic pump, a hydraulic operating fluid, a control valve device, an arm cylinder, and the like. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic system 108 is used for operating the work attachments 102. Further, the PTO 110 is connected to the hydraulic system 108 for transmission of the power.
[00130] The system includes the PTO 110. PTO refers to power take-off. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the Power Take Off (PTO) 110 refers to mechanical gearboxes that attach to apertures provided on the excavator and are used to transfer the power of the vehicle engine to auxiliary components such as a hydraulic pump in the hydraulic system 108. Further, the PTO 110 provides power in the form of a rotating shaft, directly to the driven component. The power take-off 110 is engaged by various means. Examples of engaging the power take-off 110 includes but are not limited to cable, lever, air pressure, or hydraulic pressure, electric motor and the like. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gearbox with PTO 106 controls the PTO 110.
[00131] The system includes the clutch 112. The clutch 112 refers to a device that engages and disengages the power transmission from a driving shaft to a driven shaft. The power transmission system engages the rear 116 and front wheel drive axle 102. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the rear drive axle 116 is with a high gear reduction of 5.87, having module 5.5 with 40 mm offset is used for driving the rear wheels of the excavator. The combination of high reduction ratio and high gear module is to achieve 22-25 degree grad ability.
[00132] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the clutch 112 is used whenever the transmission of power or motion must be controlled either amount or over time. In the simplest application, the clutch 112 connects and disconnects two rotating shafts. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the clutch 112 is connected to the gearbox with PTO 106 and is driven by an internal combustion engine. The operator of the excavator applies the clutch 112 for having effective control of the vehicle.
[00133] The system includes the engine 114. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the engine 114 is an internal combustion engine. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the engine 114 is the machine designed to convert energy into useful mechanical motion. The engine 114 burns a fuel to create heat, which creates motion. Further, the engine 114 is used for providing energy for operating the plurality of work attachments 102. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the engine 114 is connected to the clutch 112, for providing energy for power transmission.
[00134] The system includes the rear wheel axel 116. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the rear drive axle 116 is used for driving the rear wheels of the excavator. The rear drive axle 116 can be a split drive axle or a continuous axle. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the excavator uses four-wheel drive.
[00135] The system components are connected to each other as illustrated in FIG. 1 for efficient operation of the excavator. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gearbox with PTO 106 engages independently with the work attachment 102 through the hydraulic system 108, and the front drive axle 104 and the rear drive axle 116. Further, the gearbox with PTO 106 disengages with the hydraulic system 108 while travelling, and similarly the gearbox with PTO 106 disengages with the drive axles completely while operating the work attachments 102.
[00136] FIG. 2 illustrates a block diagram for the engagement of the gearbox with the travel mechanism of the excavator, an operating part of the excavator, according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 includes the gears 202a and 202b, and a PTO drive 204, and a gear system 206. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gear system 206 engages either with the gears 202a, and 202b or with the PTO drive 204 based on the requirement. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the requirement for engaging the gear system 206 is controlled manually. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gear system 206 cannot engage with the PTO drive 204 while the excavator is travelling, and similarly, the gear system 206 cannot engage with the gears 202a and 202b while operating the work attachments.
[00137] FIG. 3 illustrates a perspective view of the excavator, according to an embodiment of the present invention. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the operator of the excavator drives and operate the excavator for swing and turning operations using a normal steering mechanism. The work attachment 102 such as the digger, an operating cabin 302, a pair of front wheels 304, and a pair of rear wheels 206 is illustrated in the FIG.2. Furthermore, the excavator holds the internal combustion engine, the hydraulic pumps, and a control system (not shown in the figure). Furthermore, the excavator comprises a boom, an arm, and bucket that has the ability to be rotated by the appropriate cylinders. The system does not have any chain tracks and the machine does not have any hydraulic propel drive.
[00138] FIG. 4 illustrates a side-view of the excavator, according to an embodiment of the present invention. The excavator body comprises a chassis type automotive travelling structure. A working mechanism is provided on the front side of the excavator for carrying out a ground excavating operation of earth and sand by the plurality of work attachments.
[00139] FIG. 5 illustrates a top-view of the excavator, according to an embodiment of the present invention. The top-view shows the positions of the front wheel axle, rear wheel axle, seating arrangement for the operators, work-attachments, and the like.
[00140] FIG. 6 illustrates a side view of the excavator performing a digging operation, according to an embodiment of the present invention. The excavator executes the digging operations based on the manual instructions provided by the operator of the excavator. with respect to FIG.6, the excavator is operated below the ground level 102c, at the ground level 102b, and above ground level 102a for performing digging operations. According to an embodiment of the present invention, while the excavator is engaged in the digging operation, the gearbox engages the power take-off drive, and does not allow the gear system for travel operation of the excavator, and hence, the efficiency of the digging operation is increased.
[00141] FIG. 7 illustrates a front view of the excavators performing a digging operation, according to an embodiment of the present invention. With respect to FIG.7, the work attachments such as a digger 102 is attached to the excavator for performing operations such as digging, earth moving, and the like.
[00142] FIG. 8 illustrates a first gear engaged position of the excavator, according to an embodiment of the present invention. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the excavator has the ability to travel and does not have the ability to perform operations such as digging and earth moving when the first gear is engaged. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first gear is engaged initially to provide the required torque for the excavator to initiate the travel operation.
[00143] FIG. 9 illustrates a second gear engaged position of the excavator, according to an embodiment of the present invention. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the excavator has the ability to travel and does not have the ability to perform operations such as digging and earth moving when the second gear is engaged. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the second gear is engaged to .initiate the travel of the excavator smoothly. The operator of the excavator engages the gears according to the needs of the operation.
[00144] FIG. 10 illustrates a reverse gear engaged position of the excavator, according to an embodiment of the present invention. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the excavator has the ability to travel reverse and does not have the ability to perform operations such as digging and earth moving when the reverse gear is engaged.
[00145] FIG. 11 illustrates a PTO gear-engaged position of the excavator, according to an embodiment of the present invention. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the excavator performs the operations such as digging, earth moving, and the like, when the PTO gear is engaged. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic system powers the work attachments and operates independently from the drive system of the excavator when the PTO gear is engaged. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the drive system refers to the system that enables the excavators in travel operation.
[00146] The present invention provides a non-hydrostatic drive system. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the mechanical drive system is integrated into the gear box 106 that also houses the power take-off system. The gear box 106 is coupled to the internal combustion engine 114 to receive the input drive through the clutch system 112. Further, the excavator includes the two-stage speed reduction gearbox 106 with transfer cases allows the hydraulic system to run independently of the drive system.
[00147] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the excavator includes a driveline and a hydraulic system that operates independently. The main components of driveline of the excavator include, but are not limited to front differentials with steering arrangement, rear differentials, the main gearbox, a transfer case, a propeller shaft, a wheel hub, a braking system and an articulation for the front axle.
[00148] The design of the drive line components are based on a plurality of calculations with respect to torque, a number of speeds required, sizing of the gearbox, rear differentials, front differentials, wheel hub, and braking system.
[00149] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the required nominal torque is designed 1.5 times the actual one. The bearings for the excavator are selected by considering the axial/radial load carrying capacity, noise level, and standard automotive needs.
[00150] According to an embodiment of the present invention, for the rear and front differentials, the ration on a hyoid gear and pinion is considered as 5:9:1 (53T for Crown & 9T for Pinion). The crown & pinion are 5.5 module, 20-degree pressure angle with a center offset of 38.0 mm. According to an embodiment of the present invention, they are manufactured out of EN353 forging which is a case hardening steel with high fatigue strength. The blanks are stress relieved to remove internal stress and to ensure flawless machining. The teeth cutting is done by adopting Gleason type and the tool geometry is verified to get perfect rolling and contact pattern. The crown & pinion are cases hardened to 1.5-1.7 mm case depth with a surface hardness of 58HRC. According to an embodiment of the present invention, to get perfect toe/heal pattern the hyoid are lapped before final assembly.
[00151] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the side gears are 5Module made out of 20Mncr5, which is a case hardened steel. The side gear 1 has 30-degree pressure angle internal involute splines. The side gears are having a surface hardness of 58 HRC with 1.0 – 1.2 mm case depth. The final condition is lapped before the assembly.
[00152] Further, the drive axle plays a vital role in transmitting power from the differential housing to the wheels. Hence, the drive axle is manufactured from EN19 Forgings, which is carbon steel with high strength. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the axles have external involute splines that are coupled with the internal spline of the side gear 1. The spline portion is induction hardened to minimize wear & tear. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the spline hardness after IH is 48HRC with 2.0 case depth.
[00153] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the center housing accommodates the differential housing that holds side-gear1 and side-gear2 in a cross manner, crown and pinion, drive axle end. The housing is manufactured from the fabrication with the ST52 material, which is duly stress relieved. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the tube LH and RH are bolted to center housing, which holds the drive axle, bearing support, and the wheel hub assembly.
[00154] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the front differentials are the steerable type. Therefore, a steering knuckle along with a kingpin assembly is welded to both tube LH and tube RH. The drive axle for the front differentials includes a universal joint that helps in the orientation when the axis shifts. According to an embodiment of the present invention, while designing steering knuckle with the kingpin assembly, caster and camber angles are calculated and maintained during the manufacturing process, which is important for toe settings. The toe settings affect three major areas of performances namely tire wear, straight-line stability and corner entry handling characteristics.
[00155] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the front axle is fitted with an articulation bracket, which is fitted to the kingpost, which in turn is an integral part of the chassis of the excavator. The front axle is fitted with the articulation bracket as the excavator is designed to work in rough terrain conditions. Further, this minimizes the fatigue levels of the drivers. According to an embodiment of the present invention, both the rear axles and the front axles are fitted with differentials, therefore, each of the wheels is powered individually. The axle is well supportive in all types of terrains by providing easy maneuverability and great power to all the wheels of the excavator.
[00156] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gearbox includes a gear train, which includes spur type gears. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gears are well supported by lay shafts that include splines. The gears are manufactured from a 20MnCr5 material, which is a case hardened steel having a surface hardness of 58HRC with 1.4 – 1.6 mm case depth. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gears are connected to provide more tooth strength. The final condition is ground finish is carried out with the DIN7 class of accuracy. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gear geometry is maintained with respect to a pitch circle diameter runout, cumulative pitch error, lead and profile, and surface finish. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gears are 3Module, 20 degrees PA type expect the output gear that comes in the transfer case are the 5Module type.
[00157] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of shifter sleeves is manufactured from a case hardened steel that are having 30-degree internal involute splines. The shifting arrangement is made by the shifter rods that are assembled parallel over the gear train. According to an embodiment of the present invention, externally shifting distance is controlled by a plurality of indents, which are nothing, but spring-loaded cocks.
[00158] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gearbox housing is manufactured from the fabrication with a dual stress reliever. The transfer case along an oil slump is welded to the main gearbox housing. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the gearbox is machined on the horizontal boring machine with an NC attached control. The geometrical parameters are maintained within a specified tolerance level.
[00159] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of bearings are used for the drivelines and gearbox are spherical, radical, taper roller, and roller types. Further, a plurality of needle bearings is also used for assembling the excavator. According to an embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of fasteners that are high tensile is tightened using a plurality of torque wrenches. A proper load selection, as per the prescribed standards is maintained while tightening.
[00160] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a gear pump fitted to a lay shaft that usually runs at 1200 rpm lubricates the components of the excavator. A piping arrangement is made to ensure the plurality of bearings and the rotary parts are adequately oiled. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the oil used is SAE320 grade, which ensures heat dissipation and reduces the noise level.
[00161] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a wheel hub accommodates the wheel bearing, a disc brake, and rim and end caps. The wheel hubs are constructed preferably from EN9 carbon steel with a hardness of 28-30 HRC.
[00162] According to an embodiment, in the braking system includes a disc brakes are fitted to the wheel hubs on all the four wheels. The disc brakes are manufactured from FG200 castings with ventilation ports. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of brakes is fitted on the bracket, which ensures proper braking force as and when required.
[00163] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the driveline of the excavator includes a propeller shaft. The transmission from the main gearbox is transmitted to both rear and front wheels via the transfer case with the help of the propeller shaft having an external spline. The end of the propeller shaft is coupled with a yoke part, which is having an internal 30-degree involute spline, which is bolted to the pinion of the hypoid assembly. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the propeller shaft is of forged type.
[00164] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the working of the hydraulic system is as follows.
[00165] At first, the gearbox having the power take-off drive is engaged as required from the lever in the operator’s cabin. Further, when the power take-off drive is engaged, the hydraulic axial piston pump is operated. Then, the piston pump sucks the hydraulic oil from the hydraulic tank and delivers it to flow control valves in the operator cabin. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the hydraulic pump at 1800 rotations per minute (rpm) discharges 80L/min. The operating pressure of the system is set at 180 bar.
[00166] Further, the cylinders for the work attachments such as the boom, the bucket, and the stabilizers are attached. A three directional control valves, which are present in the system, operates the plurality of work attachments as the standards of the operation, such as an ISO standard.
[00167] One of the three directional control valves operate the outriggers (two at the front end, and two at the back end) for additional stability. The work attachment such as the digger is fitted with the bucket for excavating applications.
[00168] According to an embodiment of the present invention, an oil cooler is placed in the hydraulic system to cool the hydraulic oil before it is discharged back to the oil tank. According to an embodiment of the present invention, when the plurality of work attachments are not operating, the hydraulic system is disengaged by the gearbox to the neutral condition.
[00169] The foregoing description of the specific embodiments will so fully reveal the general nature of the embodiments of the present invention that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and/or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments of the present invention have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments of the present invention can be practiced with modifications.
[00170] Although the embodiments herein are described with various specific embodiments, it will be obvious for a person skilled in the art to practice the embodiments herein with modifications.

G) ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION
[00171] The various embodiments of the present invention provide a system for engaging the gearbox of an excavator.
[00172] One of the advantages of the present invention is that it provides a simple automotive drive system for excavators. The other advantage of the present invention is that the maintenance cost of the excavator with the proposed mechanism is very low. Yet another advantage of the present invention is that the excavator with the proposed mechanism is cost effective.
[00173] Yet another advantage of the invention is that it is safer than conventional excavators are. Yet another advantage of the invention is that it reduces the fuel consumption. Yet another advantage of the invention is that it includes a lesser number of components to provide simpler and effective power transmission mechanism. Yet another advantage of the invention is that it has comparatively lower ground bearing load than a conventional excavator.
[00174] Further, the gearbox mechanism has no mechanical chain drive or ratchet mechanism for driving the PTO. The conventional hydraulic mechanisms are prone for more maintenance, costlier to use, and includes relatively more parts compared to the gearbox mechanism used in the present invention.
[00175] The present invention provides the PTO that is used to drive the hydraulic system that operates the plurality of work attachments in the machine; therefore, the system contains a lesser number of linkages. Furthermore, the system is a hydraulic system, which is more efficient than a mechanical system.
[00176] The foregoing description of the specific embodiments will so fully reveal the general nature of the embodiments of the present invention that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and/or adapt for various applications such as specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments of the present invention have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments of the present invention can be practiced with modifications. However, all such modifications are deemed to be within the scope of the claims. ,CLAIMS:1. A system for engaging a gear with a construction machinery and an excavator, the system comprising:
an engine for supplying energy for moving an excavator and for operating an excavator and a plurality of work attachments of the excavator for executing a plurality of operations;
a drive system connected to the engine for moving the excavator;
a hydraulic system connected to the engine, and wherein the hydraulic system is configured for performing an excavation using a hydraulic circuit;
a gearbox connected to the engine for providing speed and torque required for driving the excavator during a travel operation, and wherein the gearbox includes a plurality of gears, and wherein the gear box is coupled to the engine to receive an input drive power through a clutch, and wherein the gearbox hosts a two-stage speed reduction that allows the hydraulic system to run independently of the drive system;
a mechanical drive system integrated with the gear box to house a power take-off (PTO) mechanism to drive the hydraulic system, and wherein the PTO mechanism is a PTO drive shaft, and wherein the PTO drive shaft is rotated with the power received from the engine to drive a hydraulic motor in the hydraulic circuit to operate a plurality of work attachments of the excavator;
a clutch configured for controlling a transmission of the power and the motion of the excavator, and wherein the clutch is connected to the gearbox, and wherein the clutch is driven by the engine, and wherein the clutch is operated by an operator of the excavator;
a front drive axle powered by the engine, and wherein the front drive axle is configured for driving front wheels of the excavator, and wherein the front drive axle is engaged with the front wheels through the plurality of gears in the gear box;
a rear wheel axle powered by the engine, wherein the rear wheel axle is configured for driving rear wheels of the excavator, wherein the rear wheel axle is controlled by the plurality of gears in the gearbox; and
wherein the plurality of work attachments are attached to a body of the excavator, and wherein the work attachments are attached using one of direct attachment at a bucket end and a quick coupler, and wherein the gear box is configured to disengage the drive system and an entire power from the engine is transferred to the PTO shaft to run the plurality of work attachments, when a movement of the excavator is stopped.
2. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the engine is an Internal combustion (IC) Engine.

3. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of work attachments is selected from a group consisting of augers, trenchers, backhoes, blades, brooms, buckets, couplers, de-limbers, forks, hammers, harvester heads, saws, and rippers.

4. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the front drive axle is one of a split drive axle or a continuous axle.

5. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the gearbox is further configured for operating the front drive axle, and transmitting the power to the power take-off.

6. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydraulic system includes a plurality of hydraulic pumps, a plurality of auxiliary pumps, a hydraulic operating fluid, a control valve device, and an arm cylinder.

7. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the power take-off system is guided by the gearbox, and wherein the power take-off system is engaged when the gears are not engaged with the excavator.
8. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the rear drive axle is of a split drive either axle or a continuous axle.

9. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the hydraulic system is disengaged from the gearbox to a neutral condition when the plurality of work attachments are not operating.

10. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the excavator is fitted with floatation tires to provide a traction and ground clearance to work or travel in off road/on-site conditions.