DESC:CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
This application claims priority to the Indian provisional patent application no. 202341071164 filed on October 18, 2023, the complete disclosures of which, in their entirety, are herein incorporated by reference.

BACKGROUND
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to charging of energy storage devices, and more specifically relates to a system for rapid charging of one or more energy storage devices and a method for the same.
Description of the Related Art
An energizing device (E.g., charger) generally pumps electrical energy into one or more energy storage devices. The energizing device converts an alternating current (AC) from a power source, such as a charging station, into a direct current (DC). The energizing device plays a crucial role in supporting electric vehicles (EVs) by providing a convenient and efficient way to replenish the one or more energy storage devices and extend the driving range of the electric vehicles.
Conventional approach employs a Constant Current-Constant Voltage (CC-CV) method to charge the one or more energy storage devices (E.g., Li-ion). The constant current (CC) mode is adopted to apply a high current to the one or more energy storage devices to activate rapid charging operation. When the one or more energy storage devices are charged to a threshold voltage level, a control unit of the one or more energy storage devices switches to a constant voltage (CV) mode to charge the one or more energy storage devices to full charge. While performing the CC-CV mode, internal impedance exists in one or more electrical and electronic circuits and components present in the one or more energy storage devices, one or more current-conducting elements that are present between the energizing device and the one or more energy storage devices, and one or more electrical and electronic circuits and components that present in the energizing device. Therefore, the internal impedance present in a system (E.g., the energizing device, the one or more current-conducting elements, and the one or more energy storage devices) makes the charging process longer which makes a user wait for a long time to charge the one or more energy storage devices.
Another conventional approach reduces the overall charging time of the one or more energy storage devices by estimating (E.g., measuring resistance) impedance losses in real time. However, these methods are ineffective due to their reliance solely on measuring the resistance of one or more resistors within the energy storage devices. Furthermore, the conventional approach fails to determine the time taken to reach a previous current level from an increased current level. As a result, these methods lack the accuracy necessary to effectively reduce the overall charging time. So, the conventional approaches are not efficient for solving the above-mentioned problems efficiently.
Hence, there is a need for an improved system for rapid charging of the one or more energy storage devices and a method for the same and therefore address the aforementioned issues.
SUMMARY
In view of the foregoing, embodiments herein provide a system for rapid charging of one or more energy storage devices. The system includes an energizing device, one or more current-conducting elements, the one or more energy storage devices, and a control unit. The energizing device pumps a predetermined current level in the one or more energy storage devices using the one or more current-conducting elements. The energizing device includes a first set of electrical and electronic circuits and components. The first set of electrical and electronic circuits and components causes a first voltage drop. The one or more current-conducting elements cause a second voltage drop while transmitting the predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices from the energizing device.
The one or more energy storage devices include one or more chemical compositions. The one or more chemical compositions cause a third voltage drop while transmitting the predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices from the energizing device. The third voltage drop is comparatively equal to a voltage drop that is created by a second set of electrical and electronic circuits and components.
The control unit includes a first current allowing module, a second current-allowing module, a first impedance-determining module, a second impedance-determining module, a third current-allowing module, a monitoring module, a third impedance determining module, an equalizing module, a current reduction module, a total impedance determining module, and a charging time reduction module. The first current-allowing module is configured to allow a first predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices. The second current-allowing module is configured to allow a second predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices.
The first impedance-determining module is configured to determine impedance of the energizing device that causes the first voltage drop. The second impedance-determining module is configured to determine impedance of the one or more current-conducting elements that cause the second voltage drop. The third current-allowing module is configured to allow a third predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices. The monitoring module is configured to monitor terminal voltage of the one or more energy storage devices by reducing a current level from the third predetermined current level to zero current level for a first predetermined time.
The third impedance-determining module is configured to determine impedance of the one or more chemical compositions of the one or more energy storage devices that cause a third voltage drop by analyzing a monitored terminal voltage of the one or more energy storage devices. The equalizing module is configured to a time delay created due to the zero current level for the first predetermined time by increasing the current level from the third predetermined current level to the fourth predetermined current level for a second predetermined time.
The current reduction module is configured to reduce the current level from the fourth predetermined current level to the third predetermined current level after completion of the second predetermined time. The total impedance determining module is configured to determine a total impedance by adding the impedance of the energizing device, the impedance of the one or more energy storage devices, and the impedance of the one or more current-conducting elements. The charging time reduction module is configured to reduce charging time by providing the third predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices for a third predetermined time by using a determined total impedance which causes the first voltage drop, the second voltage drop, and the third voltage drop.
In some embodiments, the first voltage drop, the second voltage drop, and the third voltage drop are caused while pumping the predetermined current level in the one or more energy storage devices via the first set of electrical and electronic circuits and components, the one or more current-conducting elements, and the one or more compositions respectively.
In some embodiments, the first predetermined time varies based on a rate of change of the monitored terminal voltage of the one or more energy storage devices.
In some embodiments, the second predetermined time varies based on the first predetermined time.
In some embodiments, the third predetermined time varies based on the determined total impedance.
In some embodiments, the control unit is configured to monitor a set of parameters of the one or more energy storage devices. The one or more parameters include voltage level and current level.
In some embodiments, the second predetermined current level is higher than the first predetermined current level and lower than the third predetermined current level.
In some embodiments, the fourth predetermined current level is higher than the predetermined third current level.
In some embodiments, the first set of electrical and electronic circuits and components and the second set of electrical and electronic circuits and components include at least one of one or more series resistors, one or more resistors, and one or more capacitors.
In some embodiments, increasing the current level from the third predetermined current level to the fourth predetermined current level for the second predetermined time depends on value of the at least one of the one or more series resistors, the one or more resistors, and the one or more capacitors. In one aspect, a method for rapid charging of one or more energy storage devices is provided. The method includes pumping, by an energizing device, a predetermined current level in the one or more energy storage devices using one or more current-conducting elements. The energizing device includes a first set of electrical and electronic circuits and components. The first set of electrical and electronic circuits and components causes a first voltage drop. The method includes causing, by the first set of electrical and electronic circuits and components, the first voltage drop. The method includes causing, by the one or more current-conducting elements, a second voltage drop while transmitting the predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices from the energizing device.
The method includes causing, by one or more chemical compositions, a third voltage drop while transmitting the predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices from the energizing device. The one or more energy storage devices include the one or more chemical compositions. The third voltage drop is comparatively equal to voltage drop that is created by a second set of electrical and electronic circuits and components. The method includes allowing, by a control unit, a first predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices. The method includes allowing, by the control unit, a second predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices.
The method includes determining, by the control unit, impedance of the energizing device that causes the first voltage drop. The method includes determining, by the control unit, impedance of the one or more current-conducting elements that cause the second voltage drop. The method includes allowing, by the control unit, a third predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices. The method includes monitoring, by the control unit, terminal voltage of the one or more energy storage devices by reducing a current level from the third predetermined current level to zero current level for a first predetermined time.
The method includes determining, by the control unit, impedance of the second set of electrical and electronic circuits and components of the one or more energy storage devices that causes a third voltage drop by analysing a monitored terminal voltage of the one or more energy storage devices. The method includes equalizing, by the control unit, a time delay created due to the zero current level for the first predetermined time by increasing the current level from the third predetermined current level to a fourth predetermined current level for a second predetermined time.
The method includes reducing, by the control unit the current level from the fourth predetermined current level to the third predetermined current level after completion of the second predetermined time. The method includes determining, by the control unit, a total impedance by adding the impedance of the energizing device, the impedance of the one or more energy storage devices, and the impedance of the one or more current-conducting elements. The method includes reducing, by the control unit, charging time by providing the third predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices for a third predetermined time by using a determined total impedance which causes the first voltage drop, the second voltage drop, and the third voltage drop.
In some embodiments, the method includes causing the first voltage drop, the second voltage drop, and the third voltage drop while pumping the predetermined current level in the one or more energy storage devices via the first set of electrical and electronic circuits and components, the one or more current-conducting elements, and the second set of electrical and electronic circuits and components respectively.
In some embodiments, the first predetermined time varies based on a rate of change of the monitored terminal voltage of the one or more energy storage devices.
In some embodiments, the second predetermined time varies based on the first predetermined time.
In some embodiments, the third predetermined time varies based on the determined total impedance.
In some embodiments, the method includes the step of: monitor, by the control unit, a set of parameters of the one or more energy storage devices, wherein the one or more parameters include voltage level and current level.
In some embodiments, the second predetermined current level is higher than the first predetermined current level and lower than the third predetermined current level.
In some embodiments, the fourth predetermined current level is higher than the third predetermined current level.
In some embodiments, the first set of electrical and electronic circuits and components and the second set of electrical and electronic circuits and components include at least one of one or more series resistors, one or more resistors, and one or more capacitors.
In some embodiments, increasing the current level from the third predetermined current level to the fourth predetermined current level for the second predetermined time depends on value of the at least one of the one or more series resistors, the one or more resistors, and the one or more capacitors.
These and other aspects of the embodiments herein will be better appreciated and understood when considered in conjunction with the following description and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the following descriptions, while indicating preferred embodiments and numerous specific details thereof, are given by way of illustration and not of limitation. Many changes and modifications may be made within the scope of the embodiments herein, and the embodiments herein include all such modifications.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The embodiments herein will be better understood from the following detailed description with reference to the drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic view of a system for rapid charging of one or more energy storage devices, according to embodiments as disclosed herein;
FIG. 2A illustrates a time and current graph of an existing charging method (Constant-Current, Constant-Voltage-CCCV) and an existing rapid charging method (Multistage Adaptive Charging Algorithm-MACA) using resistance of the one or more resistors of the second set of electrical and electronic circuits and components according to the embodiments as disclosed herein;
FIG. 2B illustrates a time and current graph of the existing rapid charging method (Multistage Adaptive Charging Algorithm-MACA) method using the resistance of the one or more resistors and a rapid charging method (Multistage Adaptive Charging Algorithm-MACA) method using the resistance of the one or more resistors and capacitance of the one or more capacitors of the second set of electrical and electronic circuits and components according to the embodiments as disclosed herein;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a control unit in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; and
FIG. 4A and 4B illustrate a method for the rapid charging of the one or more energy storage devices, according to the embodiments as disclosed herein.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
The embodiments herein and the various features and advantageous details thereof are explained more fully with reference to the non-limiting embodiments that are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and detailed in the following description. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the embodiments herein. The examples used herein are intended merely to facilitate an understanding of ways in which the embodiments herein may be practiced and to further enable those of skill in the art to practice the embodiments herein. Accordingly, the examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the embodiments herein.
As mentioned, there is a need for an improved system for rapid charging of the one or more energy storage devices and a method for the same. Referring now to the drawings, and more particularly to FIGS. 1 to 4, where similar reference characters denote corresponding features consistently throughout the figures, there are shown preferred embodiments.
FIG. 1 illustrates a schematic view of a system 100 for rapid charging of one or more energy storage devices 106, according to embodiments as disclosed herein. Referring to FIG.1, the system 100 includes an energizing device 102, a control unit 104, a plurality of energy storage devices 106, and one or more current-conducting elements 108. The energizing device 102 pumps a predetermined current level in the one or more energy storage devices 106 using the one or more current-conducting elements 108. In one embodiment, the energizing device 102 may be positioned in the vehicle.
In another embodiment, the energizing device 102 will be attached to the vehicle at the time of charging. In yet another embodiment, the vehicle may be an electric vehicle. In yet another embodiment, the electric vehicle may include, but not limited to, Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs), Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs), Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs), and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs). In one embodiment, the energizing device 102 may include, but not limited to a charger. In one embodiment, the predetermined current level that is pumped into the one or more energy storage devices 106 depends on the current and voltage rating of the one or more energy storage devices 106.
In another embodiment, the current and voltage rating of the one or more energy storage devices 106 may vary based on the requirement/application where the one or more energy storage devices 106 are used. The energizing device 102 includes a first set of electrical and electronic circuits and components 111.
In one embodiment, the first set of electrical and electronic circuits and components 111 may include at least one of one or more series resistors, one or more resistors, and one or more capacitors. In one embodiment, the first set of electrical and electronic circuits and components 111 may include the one or more RC circuits (E.g., 2RC circuit, 3RC circuit, N number of RC).
The first set of electronic circuits 111 causes a first voltage drop. In one embodiment, the first set of electronic circuits 111 may include, but not limited to, one or more active and passive electronic components. In another embodiment, the one or more active and passive electronic components may include, but not limited to a resistor, capacitor, and an inductor.
The one or more active and passive components of the first set of electrical and electronic circuits and components 111 cause the first voltage drop when the electrical energy is pumped the energizing device 102. The one or more current-conducting elements 108 connected between the energizing device 102 and the one or more energy storage devices 106. In one embodiment, the one or more current-conducting elements 108 electrically connected between the energizing device 102 and the one or more energy storage devices 106. The one or more current-conducting elements 108 may include a positive terminal, and a negative terminal.
The one or more current-conducting elements 108 cause a second voltage drop while transmitting the predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices 106 from the energizing device 102. In one embodiment, the one or more current-conducting elements 108 may include, but not limited to a cord, a wire, a cable, a line, a strand, and a lead. In another embodiment, the one or more current-conducting elements 108 may include good electrical conductivity. When the electrical energy flows to the one or more current-conducting elements 108, the impedance of the one or more current-conducting elements 108 causes a second voltage drop in the one or more current-conducting elements 108. As used herein, the impedance is an expression of the opposition that an electronic component, circuit, or system offers to alternating and/or direct electric current.
The impedance of the one or more current-conducting elements 108 may vary based on the area and length of the one or more current-conducting elements 108. The resistance of the one or more current-conducting elements 108 is depicted as a resistor. The one or more energy storage devices 106 includes a control module (not shown in FIG.) to monitor and control each of the plurality of energy storage devices 106. In one embodiment, the one or more energy storage devices 106 includes, but not limited to, one or more battery packs. In another embodiment, the one or more battery packs may include different capacity levels. In one embodiment, the control module of the one or more energy storage devices 106 may include, but not limited to, a Battery Management System (BMS).
The one or more energy storage devices 106 include one or more chemical compositions. The one or more chemical compositions cause a third voltage drop while transmitting the predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices 106 from the energizing device 102. The third voltage drop is comparatively equal to a voltage drop that is created by a second set of electrical and electronic circuits and components 110. In one embodiment, the second set of electrical and electronic circuits and components 110 may include at least one of one or more series resistors, one or more resistors, and one or more capacitors. In one embodiment, the second set of electrical and electronic circuits and components 110 may include the one or more RC circuits (E.g., 2RC circuit, 3RC circuit, N number of RC).
Furthermore, the control unit 104 is connected to the energizing device 102, and the one or more energy storage devices 106. In one embodiment, the control unit 104 is communicatively connected to the energizing device 102, and the one or more energy storage devices 106. The control unit 104 controls the one or more energy storage devices 106, the control module of the one or more energy storage devices 106, and the energizing device 102. The control module monitors and manages the performance, safety, and efficiency of the plurality of energy storage devices 106.
In an embodiment, the control unit 104 may include, but not limited to, a Body Control Module (BCM), and a vehicle control module. In one embodiment, the control unit 104 is communicatively connected to the plurality of energy storage devices. In another embodiment, the control unit 104 is electrically connected to the energizing device 102. In addition to that, the control unit 104 includes a first current-allowing module 112, a second current-allowing module 114, a first impedance-determining module 116, a second impedance-determining module 118, a third current-allowing module 120, a monitoring module 122, a third impedance determining module 124, an equalizing module 126, a current reduction module 128, a total impedance determining module 130, and a charging time reduction module 132.
The first current-allowing module 112 is configured to allow a first predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices 106. The second current-allowing module 114 is configured to allow a second predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices 106. In one embodiment, the second predetermined current level is higher. Then the first impedance-determining module 116 is configured to determine impedance of the energizing device 102 that causes the first voltage drop.
The second impedance-determining module 118 is configured to determine impedance of the one or more current-conducting elements 108 that cause the second voltage drop. The third current allowing module 120 is configured to allow a third predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices 106. The monitoring module 122 is configured to monitor terminal voltage of the one or more energy storage devices 106 by reducing a current level from the third predetermined current level to zero current level for a first predetermined time. In one embodiment, the first predetermined time varies based on a rate of change of the monitored terminal voltage of the one or more energy storage devices 106. In one embodiment, the third predetermined current level is higher than the second predetermined current level.
The third impedance-determining module 124 is configured to determine impedance of the one or more chemical compositions of the one or more energy storage devices 106 that cause a third voltage drop by analyzing a monitored terminal voltage of the one or more energy storage devices 102. The equalizing module 126 is configured to equalize a time delay created due to the zero current level for the first predetermined time by increasing the current level from the third predetermined current level to the fourth predetermined current level for a second predetermined time. In one embodiment, the second predetermined time varies based on the first predetermined time. In one embodiment, the fourth predetermined current level is higher than the third predetermined current level. In one embodiment, increasing the current level from the third predetermined current level to the fourth predetermined current level for the second predetermined time depends on value of the at least one of the one or more series resistors, the one or more resistors, and the one or more capacitors.
The current reduction module 128 is configured to reduce the current level from the fourth predetermined current level to the third predetermined current level after completion of the second predetermined time. The total impedance determining module 130 is configured to determine a total impedance by adding the impedance of the energizing device 102, the impedance of the one or more energy storage devices 106, and the impedance of the one or more current-conducting elements 108.
The charging time reduction module 132 is configured to reduce charging time by providing the third predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices 106 for a third predetermined time by using a determined total impedance which causes the first voltage drop, the second voltage drop, and the third voltage drop. In one embodiment, the third predetermined time varies based on the determined total impedance. In one embodiment, the control unit 104 monitors a set of parameters of the one or more energy storage devices 106. The one or more parameters may include, but not limited to, voltage level and current level.
By measuring capacitance of the one or more capacitors with resistance of the one or more resistors of the second set of electrical and electronic circuits and components 110 the system 100 determines the time taken to reach the third predetermined current level from the fourth predetermined current level. Since the time taken to reach the third predetermined current level from the fourth predetermined current level is determined, the control unit 104 allows the energizing device 102 to provide extra current for the second predetermined time to the one or more energy storage devices to reduce overall charging time.
In one embodiment, the first voltage drop, the second voltage drop, and the third voltage drop are caused while pumping the predetermined current level in the one or more energy storage devices 106 via the first set of electrical and electronic circuits and components 111, the one or more current-conducting elements 108, and the second set of electrical and electronic circuits and components 110 respectively. In another embodiment, the predetermined current level in the one or more energy storage devices 106 may be varied based on voltage and current ratings of the one or more energy storage devices 106.
In addition to that, the energizing device 102 may vary the predetermined current level in the one or more energy storage devices 106 to reduce overall charging time. In one embodiment, the includes a memory and a processor. The memory is configured to store one or more predefined instructions to be executed by the processor for rapid charging of the plurality of energy storage devices 106. The memory can include non-volatile storage elements. Examples of such non-volatile storage elements may include magnetic hard discs, optical discs, floppy discs, flash memories, or forms of electrically programmable memories (EPROM) or electrically erasable and programmable (EEPROM) memories.
In addition, the memory may, in some examples, be considered a non-transitory storage medium. The term “non-transitory” may indicate that the storage medium is not embodied in a carrier wave or a propagated signal. However, the term “non-transitory” should not be interpreted that the memory is non-movable. In some examples, the memory is configured to store larger amounts of information. In certain examples, a non-transitory storage medium may store data that can, over time, change (e.g., in Random Access Memory (RAM) or cache).
The processor coupled into the memory and operable to execute the one or more predefined instructions for performing rapid charging of the plurality of energy storage devices. The processor may include one or more processors. The one or more processors may be a general-purpose processor, such as a central processing unit (CPU), an application processor (AP), or the like, a graphics-only processing unit such as a graphics processing unit (GPU), a visual processing unit (VPU), and/or an AI-dedicated processor such as a neural processing unit (NPU). The processor may include multiple cores and is configured to execute the instructions stored in the memory.
FIG. 2A illustrates a time and current graph of an existing charging method (Constant-Current, Constant-Voltage-CCCV) 202 and an existing rapid charging method (Multistage Adaptive Charging Algorithm-MACA) 204 using resistance of the one or more resistors of the second set of electrical and electronic circuits and components 110 according to the embodiments as disclosed herein. The MACA charging method mentioned in Figure 2A measures only the resistance of one or more resistors within the second set of electrical and electronic circuits and components 110, as described in the embodiments. Thus that, the MACA charging method mentioned in Figure 2A lacks accuracy and consumes more time.
FIG. 2B illustrates a time and current graph of the existing rapid charging method (Multistage Adaptive Charging Algorithm-MACA) method 204 using the resistance of the one or more resistors and a rapid charging method (Multistage Adaptive Charging Algorithm-MACA) method 206 using the resistance of the one or more resistors and capacitance of the one or more capacitors of the second set of electrical and electronic circuits and components 110 according to the embodiments as disclosed herein. The MACA charging method mentioned in Figure 2B measures the resistance of one or more resistors, and the capacitance of the one or more capacitors within the second set of electrical and electronic circuits and components 110 as described in the embodiments. The measurement of the capacitance of the one or more capacitors within the second set of electrical and electronic circuits and components 110 allows the system 100 to determine the time taken to reach the third predetermined current level from the fourth predetermined current level. So, the MACA charging method mentioned in Figure 2B is effective and reduces overall charging time by providing extra current to the energy storage devices 106 for a certain period.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a control unit 104 in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. The control unit 104 includes processor(s) 306, and memory 302 coupled to the processor(s) 306. The processor(s) 306, as used herein, means any type of computational circuit, such as, but not limited to, a microprocessor, a microcontroller, a complex instruction set computing microprocessor, a reduced instruction set computing microprocessor, a very long instruction word microprocessor, an explicitly parallel instruction computing microprocessor, a digital signal processor, or any other type of processing circuit, or a combination thereof.
The memory 302 includes a plurality of modules stored in the form of executable program which instructs the processor 306 to perform the method steps illustrated in Fig 1. The memory 302 has following modules: the first current-allowing module 112, the second allowing module 114, the first impedance-determining module 116, the second impedance-determining module 118, the third current-allowing module 120, the monitoring module 122, the third impedance-determining module 124, an equalizing module 126, the current reduction module 128, the total impedance determining module 130, and the charging time reduction module 132.
The first current-allowing module 112 is configured to allow a first predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices 106. The second current-allowing module 114 is configured to allow a second predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices 106. In one embodiment, the second predetermined current level is higher. Then the first impedance-determining module 116 is configured to determine impedance of the energizing device 102 that causes the first voltage drop. The second impedance-determining module 118 is configured to determine impedance of the one or more current-conducting elements 108 that cause the second voltage drop.
The third current allowing module 120 is configured to allow a third predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices 106. The monitoring module 122 is configured to monitor terminal voltage of the one or more energy storage devices 106 by reducing a current level from the third predetermined current level to zero current level for a first predetermined time. In one embodiment, the first predetermined time varies based on a rate of change of the monitored terminal voltage of the one or more energy storage devices 106. In one embodiment, the third predetermined current level is higher than the second predetermined current level.
The third impedance-determining module 124 is configured to determine impedance of the one or more chemical compositions of the one or more energy storage devices 106 that cause a third voltage drop by analyzing a monitored terminal voltage of the one or more energy storage devices 102. The third voltage drop is comparatively equal to a voltage drop created by a second set of electrical and electronic circuits and components 110. The second set of electrical and electronic circuits and components 110 comprises at least one of one or more series resistors, one or more resistors, and one or more capacitors. The equalizing module 126 is configured to equalize a time delay created due to the zero current level for the first predetermined time by increasing the current level from the third predetermined current level to the fourth predetermined current level for a second predetermined time. In one embodiment, the second predetermined time varies based on the first predetermined time. In one embodiment, the fourth predetermined current level is higher than the third predetermined current level. In one embodiment, increasing the current level from the third predetermined current level to the fourth predetermined current level for the second predetermined time depends on value of the at least one of the one or more series resistors, the one or more resistors, and the one or more capacitors. The current reduction module 128 is configured to reduce the current level from the fourth predetermined current level to the third predetermined current level after completion of the second predetermined time.
The total impedance determining module 130 is configured to determine a total impedance by adding the impedance of the energizing device 102, the impedance of the one or more energy storage devices 106, and the impedance of the one or more current-conducting elements 108. The charging time reduction module 132 is configured to reduce charging time by providing the third predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices 106 for a third predetermined time by using a determined total impedance which causes the first voltage drop, the second voltage drop, and the third voltage drop.
Computer memory elements may include any suitable memory device(s) for storing data and executable program, such as read only memory, random access memory, erasable programmable read only memory, electrically erasable programmable read only memory, hard drive, removable media drive for handling memory cards and the like. Embodiments of the present subject matter may be implemented in conjunction with program modules, including functions, procedures, data structures, and application programs, for performing tasks, or defining abstract data types or low-level hardware contexts. Executable program stored on any of the above-mentioned storage media may be executable by the processor(s) 306.
FIG. 4A and 4B illustrate a method 400 for the rapid charging of the one or more energy storage devices 106, according to the embodiments as disclosed herein. The method 400 includes the following steps. At step 402, pumping, by an energizing device 102, a predetermined current level in the one or more energy storage devices 106 using one or more current-conducting elements 108. In one embodiment, the energizing device 102 pumps a predetermined current level in the one or more energy storage devices 106 using the one or more current-conducting elements 108. In one embodiment, the energizing device 102 includes a first set of electrical and electronic circuits and components 111.
In one embodiment, the energizing device 102 may be positioned in the vehicle. In another embodiment, the energizing device 102 will be attached to the vehicle at the time of charging. In yet another embodiment, the vehicle may be an electric vehicle. In yet another embodiment, the electric vehicle may include, but not limited to, Battery Electric Vehicles (BEVs), Hybrid Electric Vehicles (HEVs), Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs), and Fuel Cell Electric Vehicles (FCEVs). In one embodiment, the energizing device 102 may include, but not limited to a charger. In one embodiment, the predetermined current level that is pumped in the one or more energy storage devices 106 depends on the current and voltage rating of the one or more energy storage devices 106.
In another embodiment, the current and voltage rating of the one or more energy storage devices 106 may vary based on the requirement/application where the one or more energy storage devices 106 are used. In one embodiment, the first set of electrical and electronic circuits and components 111 may include, but not limited to, one or more active and passive electronic components. In another embodiment, the one or more active and passive electronic components may include, but not limited to a resistor, capacitor, and an inductor. The one or more active and passive components of the first set of electrical and electronic circuits and components 111 cause the first voltage drop when the electrical energy is pumped to the one or more energy storage devices 106.
At step 404, causing, by the first set of electrical and electronic circuits and components 111, the first voltage drop. The one or more current-conducting elements 108 connected between the energizing device 102 and the one or more energy storage devices 106. The one or more current-conducting elements 108 may include a positive terminal, and a negative terminal. The one or more current-conducting elements 108 cause a second voltage drop while transmitting the predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices 106 from the energizing device 102. In one embodiment, the one or more current-conducting elements 108 may include, but not limited to a cord, a wire, a cable, a line, a strand, and a lead. In another embodiment, the one or more current-conducting elements 108 may include good electrical conductivity.
At step 406, causing, by the one or more current-conducting elements 108, a second voltage drop while transmitting the predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices 106 from the energizing device 102. When the electrical energy flows to the one or more current-conducting elements 108, the impedance of the one or more current-conducting elements 108 causes a second voltage drop in the one or more current-conducting elements 108. A voltage loss in the one or more current-conducting elements 108 estimated by finding an impedance (E.g., resistance) of the one or more current-conducting elements 108 in real time. As used herein, the impedance is an expression of the opposition that an electronic component, circuit, or system offers to alternating and/or direct electric current. The impedance of the one or more current-conducting elements 108 may vary based on the area and length of the one or more current-conducting elements 108. The resistance of the one or more current-conducting elements 108 depicted as a resistor.
At step 408, causing, by one or more chemical compositions, a third voltage drop while transmitting the predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices 106 from the energizing device 102. The one or more energy storage devices 106 include one or more chemical compositions. The one or more chemical compositions cause a third voltage drop while transmitting the predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices 106 from the energizing device 102. The third voltage drop is comparatively equal to a voltage drop that is created by the second set of electrical and electronic circuits and components 110.
In one embodiment, the second set of electrical and electronic circuits and components 110 may include at least one of one or more series resistors, one or more resistors, and one or more capacitors. In one embodiment, the second set of electrical and electronic circuits and components 110 may include the one or more RC circuits (E.g., 2RC circuit, 3RC circuit, N number of RC).
The one or more energy storage devices 106 includes a control module (not shown in FIG.) to monitor and control each of the plurality of energy storage devices 106. In one embodiment, the one or more energy storage devices 106 includes, but not limited to, one or more battery packs. In another embodiment, the one or more battery packs may include different capacity levels. In one embodiment, the control module of the one or more energy storage devices 106 may include, but not limited to, a Battery Management System (BMS). Furthermore, the control unit 104 is connected to the energizing device 102, and the one or more energy storage devices 106.
In one embodiment, the control unit 104 is communicatively/electrically connected to the energizing device 102, and the one or more energy storage devices 106 are connected to the control unit 104.The control unit 104 controls the one or more energy storage devices 106, the control module of the one or more energy storage devices 106, and the energizing device 102. The control module monitors and manages the performance, safety, and efficiency of the plurality of energy storage devices 106. In an embodiment, the control unit 104 may include, but not limited to, a Body Control Module (BCM), and a vehicle control module.
In one embodiment, the control unit 104 is communicatively connected to the plurality of energy storage devices. The control unit 104 includes the first current-allowing module 112, the second current-allowing module 114, the first impedance-determining module 116, the second impedance-determining module 118, the third current-allowing module 120, the monitoring module 122, the third impedance-determining module 124, the equalizing module 126, the current reduction module 128, the total impedance determining module 130, the charging time reduction module 132. At step 410, allowing, by the first current-allowing module 112, a first predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices 106. At step 412, allowing, by the second current-allowing module 114, a second predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices 106. In one embodiment, the second predetermined current level is higher than the first predetermined current level.
At step 414, determining, by the first impedance-determining module 116, impedance of the energizing device 102 that causes the first voltage drop. At step 416, determining, by the second impedance-determining module 118, impedance of the one or more current-conducting elements 108 that cause the second voltage drop. At step 418, allowing, by the third current-allowing module 120, a third predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices 106. Then the control unit 104 reduces a current level from the third predetermined current level to zero current level for a first predetermined time to monitor terminal voltage of the one or more energy storage devices 106. In one embodiment, the first predetermined time varies based on a rate of change of the monitored terminal voltage of the one or more energy storage devices 106. In one embodiment, the third predetermined current level is higher than the second predetermined current level.
At step 420, monitoring, by the monitoring module 124, terminal voltage of the one or more energy storage devices 106 by reducing a current level from the third predetermined current level to zero current level for a first predetermined time. In one embodiment, the first predetermined time varies based on a rate of change of the monitored terminal voltage of the one or more energy storage devices 106. At step 422, determining, by the third impedance determining module 124, impedance of the one or more chemical compositions of the one or more energy storage devices 106 that causes a third voltage drop by analyse a monitored terminal voltage of the one or more energy storage devices 106.
At step 424, equalizing, by an equalizing module 126, a time delay created due to the zero current level for the first predetermined time by increasing the current level from the third predetermined current level to a fourth predetermined current level for a second predetermined time. In one embodiment, the second predetermined time varies based on the first predetermined time. In one embodiment, the fourth predetermined current level is higher than the third predetermined current level. In one embodiment, increasing the current level from the third predetermined current level to the fourth predetermined current level for the second predetermined time depends on value of the at least one of the one or more series resistors, the one or more resistors, and the one or more capacitors. At step 426, reducing, by a current reduction module 128, the current level from the fourth predetermined current level to the third predetermined current level after completion of the second predetermined time.
At step 428, determining, by a total impedance determining module 130, a total impedance by adding the impedance of the energizing device 102, the impedance of the one or more energy storage devices 106, and the impedance of the one or more current-conducting elements 108. At step 430, reducing, by a charging time reduction module 132, charging time by providing the third predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices 106 for a third predetermined time by using a determined total impedance which causes the first voltage drop, the second voltage drop, and the third voltage drop. In one embodiment, the third predetermined time varies based on the determined total impedance.
The method 400 further includes monitoring, by the control unit 104, a set of parameters of the one or more energy storage devices 106. The one or more parameters include voltage level and current level. In one embodiment, the first voltage drop, the second voltage drop, and the third voltage drop are caused while pumping the predetermined current level in the one or more energy storage devices 106 via the first set of electrical and electronic circuits and components, the one or more current-conducting elements 108, and the second set of electrical and electronic circuits and components 110 respectively. In another embodiment, the predetermined current level in the one or more energy storage devices 106 may be varied based on voltage and current ratings of the one or more energy storage devices 106.
The system 100 determined time taken to reach the third predetermined current level from the fourth predetermined current level is determined using the measurement of the capacitance of the one or more capacitors that are located inside the one or more energy storage devices 106. The determined time reduces the overall charging time of the one or more energy storage devices 106 by providing extra current for the second predetermined time to the energy storage devices 106. In addition to that, the System 100 helps to reduce the overall charging time of the one or more energy storage devices 106 with degraded SOH (State of Health).
The foregoing description of the specific embodiments will so fully reveal the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and/or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the appended claims. ,CLAIMS:CLAIMS
We Claim:

1. A system (100) for rapid charging of one or more energy storage devices (106), comprising:
an energizing device (102) that pumps a predetermined current level in the one or more energy storage devices (106) using one or more current-conducting elements (108), wherein the energizing device (102) comprises a first set of electrical and electronic circuits and components (111), wherein the first set of electrical and electronic circuits and components (111) causes a first voltage drop;
the one or more current-conducting elements (108) cause a second voltage drop while transmitting the predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices (106) from the energizing device (102),
wherein the one or more energy storage devices (106) comprise one or more chemical compositions, wherein the one or more chemical compositions cause a third voltage drop while transmitting the predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices (106) from the energizing device (102), wherein the third voltage drop is comparatively equal to a voltage drop that is created by a second set of electrical and electronic circuits and components (110); and
a control unit (104) comprising:
a first current-allowing module (112) is configured to allow a first predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices (106);
a second current-allowing module (114) is configured to allow a second predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices (106);
a first impedance-determining module (116) is configured to determine impedance of the energizing device (102) that causes the first voltage drop;
a second impedance-determining module (118) is configured to determine impedance of the one or more current-conducting elements (108) that cause the second voltage drop;
a third current allowing module (120) is configured to allow a third predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices (106);
a monitoring module (122) is configured to monitor terminal voltage of the one or more energy storage devices (106) by reducing a current level from the third predetermined current level to zero current level for a first predetermined time;
a third impedance-determining module (124) is configured to determine impedance of the one or more chemical compositions of the one or more energy storage devices (106) that causes a third voltage drop by analyzing a monitored terminal voltage of the one or more energy storage devices (102);
an equalizing module (126) is configured to equalize a time delay created due to the zero current level for the first predetermined time by increasing the current level from the third predetermined current level to the fourth predetermined current level for a second predetermined time;
a current reduction module (128) is configured to reduce the current level from the fourth predetermined current level to the third predetermined current level after completion of the second predetermined time;
a total impedance determining module (130) is configured to determine a total impedance by adding the impedance of the energizing device (102), the impedance of the one or more energy storage devices (106), and the impedance of the one or more current-conducting elements (108); and
a charging time reduction module (132) is configured to reduce charging time by providing the third predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices (106) for a third predetermined time by using a determined total impedance which causes the first voltage drop, the second voltage drop, and the third voltage drop.
2. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first voltage drop, the second voltage drop, and the third voltage drop are caused while pumping the predetermined current level in the one or more energy storage devices (106) via the first set of electrical and electronic circuits and components (111), the one or more current-conducting elements (108), and the one or more compositions respectively.

3. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first predetermined time varies based on a rate of change of the monitored terminal voltage of the one or more energy storage devices (106).

4. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second predetermined time varies based on the first predetermined time.

5. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the third predetermined time varies based on the determined total impedance.

6. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the control unit (104) monitors a set of parameters of the one or more energy storage devices (106), wherein the one or more parameters comprise voltage level and current level.

7. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second predetermined current level is higher than the first predetermined current level and lower than the third predetermined current level.

8. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the fourth predetermined current level is higher than the predetermined third current level.

9. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the first set of electrical and electronic circuits and components (111) and the second set of electronic circuits (110) comprises at least one of one or more series resistors, one or more resistors, and one or more capacitors.

10. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, increasing the current level from the third predetermined current level to the fourth predetermined current level for the second predetermined time depends on value of the at least one of the one or more series resistors, the one or more resistors, and the one or more capacitors.

11. A method (400) for rapid charging of one or more energy storage devices (106), comprising:
pumping, by an energizing device (102), a predetermined current level in the one or more energy storage devices (106) using one or more current-conducting elements (108), wherein the energizing device (102) comprises a first set of electrical and electronic circuits and components (111);
causing, by the first set of electrical and electronic circuits and components (111), a first voltage drop;
causing, by the one or more current-conducting elements (108), a second voltage drop while transmitting the predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices (106) from the energizing device (102);
causing, by one or more chemical compositions, a third voltage drop while transmitting the predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices (106) from the energizing device (102), wherein the one or more energy storage devices (106) comprise the one or more chemical compositions, wherein the third voltage drop is comparatively equal to voltage drop that is created by a second set of electrical and electronic circuits and components (110);
allowing, by a first current allowing module (112), a first predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices (106);
allowing, by a second current-allowing module (114), a second predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices (106);
determining, by a first impedance-determining module (116), impedance of the energizing device (102) that causes the first voltage drop;
determining, by a second impedance-determining module (118), impedance of the one or more current-conducting elements (108) that cause the second voltage drop;
allowing, by a third current-allowing module (120), a third predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices (106);
monitoring, by a monitoring module (122), terminal voltage of the one or more energy storage devices (106) by reducing a current level from the third predetermined current level to zero current level for a first predetermined time;
determining, by a third impedance determining module (124), impedance of the one or more chemical compositions of the one or more energy storage devices (106) that causes a third voltage drop by analyzing a monitored terminal voltage of the one or more energy storage devices (106);
equalizing, by an equalizing module (126), a time delay created due to the zero current level for the first predetermined time by increasing the current level from the third predetermined current level to the fourth predetermined current level for a second predetermined time;
reducing, by a current reduction module (128), the current level from the fourth predetermined current level to the third predetermined current level after completion of the second predetermined time;
determining, by a total impedance determining module (130), a total impedance by adding the impedance of the energizing device (102), the impedance of the one or more energy storage devices (106), and the impedance of the one or more current-conducting elements (108); and
reducing, by a charging time reduction module (132), charging time by providing the third predetermined current level to the one or more energy storage devices (106) for a third predetermined time by using a determined total impedance which causes the first voltage drop, the second voltage drop, and the third voltage drop, wherein a control unit (104) comprising the first current allowing module (112), the second current-allowing module (114), the first impedance-determining module (116), the second impedance-determining module (118), the third current-allowing module (120), the monitoring module (122), the third impedance determining module (124), the equalizing module (126), the current reduction module (128), the total impedance determining module (130), the charging time reduction module (132).

12. The method (400) as claimed in claim 11, wherein the method (400) comprising the step of: causing the first voltage drop, the second voltage drop, and the third voltage drop while pumping the predetermined current level in the one or more energy storage devices (106) via the first set of electrical and electronic circuits and components (111), the one or more current-conducting elements (108), and the one or more compositions respectively.

13. The method (400) as claimed in claim 11, wherein the first predetermined time varies based on a rate of change of the monitored terminal voltage of the one or more energy storage devices (106).

14. The method (400) as claimed in claim 11, wherein the second predetermined time varies based on the first predetermined time.

15. The method (400) as claimed in claim 11, wherein the third predetermined time varies based on the determined total impedance.

16. The method (400) as claimed in claim 11, wherein the method (400) comprising the step of: monitoring, by the control unit (104), a set of parameters of the one or more energy storage devices (106), wherein the one or more parameters comprise voltage level and current level.

17. The method (400) as claimed in claim 11, wherein the second predetermined current level is higher than the first predetermined current level and lower than the third predetermined current level.

18. The method (400) as claimed in claim 11, wherein the fourth predetermined current level is higher than the third predetermined current level.

19. The method (400) as claimed in claim 11, wherein the first set of electrical and electronic circuits and components (111) and the second set of electrical and electronic circuits and components (110) comprises at least one of one or more series resistors, one or more resistors, and one or more capacitors.

20. The method (400) as claimed in claim 11, wherein increasing the current level from the third predetermined current level to the fourth predetermined current level for the second predetermined time depends on value of the at least one of the one or more series resistors, the one or more resistors, and the one or more capacitors.