FORM 2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
(39 of 1970)
&
THE PATENT RULES, 2003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See Section 10 and Rule 13)
Title of invention: A SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR VISUAL MESSAGE COMMUNICATION
Applicant:
Tata Consultancy Services Limited A company Incorporated in India under The Companies Act, 1956
Having address:
Nirmal Building, 9th Floor,
Nariman Point, Mumbai 400021,
Maharashtra. India
The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.

TECHNICAL FIELD
[001] The present disclosure described herein, in general, relates to broadcasting and
telecommunication and more particularly to broadcasting of text and visual messages over a desired geographical area.
BACKGROUND
[002] Broadcasting is a well known and well received method of communication for
transfer of information. Broadcasting enables transfer of both audio and visual information. depending upon the need and capability of the broadcaster.
[003] Conventionally, frequency modulation (FM) or amplitude modulation (AM)
have been used to broadcast audio information over wide range of geographical region. The limitation of the FM or AM channels for broadcast is that oniy the audio signals can be transmitted. Audio signals as information or entertainment source have temporary effect on listener's memory. Further, the temporary information may impose cognitive load on the listener's memory. To reduce the temporary effect of audio signals on the listener's memory, audio signals may be combined with visuals as in the case of television broadcasting; though they need separate channels for broadcasting the audio and visual.
[004] Another method of broadcasting information is Cell Broadcast (CB) for mobile
phones, however CB is only restricted to certain text only broadcast, thereby limiting the usability. Another method for broadcasting to the cell phon.es is Bluetooth™, but the method has security restrictions, timing and visibility constraints, thereby rendering the technology ineffective to achieve maximum penetration in a given locality.
SUMMARY
[005] This summary is provided to introduce aspects related to methods and systems
for transmitting visual information wherein such aspects are further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify essential features of the claimed subject matter nor is it intended for use in determining or limiting the scope of the claimed subject matter.

[006] In one implementation, transmission of visual information broadcast over a
channel configured to transmit audio signal is disclosed. The method comprises receiving a first input, wherein the first input comprises a string of characters selected from a text, or an image or a combination thereof. The method comprises transforming the first input from the strings of characters to a first image, wherein the first image has at least two dimensions. The two stated dimensions may represent width and length of the first image. The first image may then be converted into a one dimensional signal waveform. Further, the one dimensional signal waveform may be modulated into a modulated one dimensional signal waveform. The method further comprises transmitting the modulated one dimensional signal waveform over a radio channel, wherein the radio channel is configured to transmit audio signals..
[007] In another implementation, a method for extracting a visual information
broadcast transmitted over a radio channel wherein the radio channel is configured to transmit audio signals is disclosed. The method comprising capturing a modulated one dimensional signal waveform. The one dimensional signal waveform is transmitted by a broadcaster. wherein the broadcaster is configured to transmit audio signals. The method further comprises demodulating the modulated one dimensional signal waveform. The one dimensional signal waveform is converted into a first image representing a string of characters selected from a text, or image, or combination thereof, wherein the first image has at least two dimensions. The method further comprises displaying the first image onto a recipient device configured to receive radio signals.
[008] In yet another implementation a broadcaster for a visual information broadcast
is disclosed. The broadcaster receives a first input. The first input received may comprise of a string of characters selected from a text, or an image, or combination thereof, wherein the first input is transformed into a first image having at least two dimensions. The first image is further encoded into a one dimensional signal waveform. The one dimensional signal waveform may be modulated into a modulated one dimensional signal waveform for broadcast. A radio transmitter may be used for transmitting the modulated one dimensional signal waveform over a radio channel, wherein the radio channel can be configured to transmit audio signal.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[009] The detailed description is described with reference to the accompanying
figures. In the figures, the left-most digit(s) of a reference number identifies the figure in which the reference number first appears. The same numbers are used throughout the drawings to refer like features and components.
[0010] Figure 1 illustrates a system for visual information broadcast in accordance
with an embodiment of the present subject matter.
[0011] Figure 2, a broadcaster is illustrated in accordance with an embodiment of the
present subject matter.
[0012] Figure 3, a recipient device is illustrated according to an embodiment of the
present disclosure.
[0013] Figure 4, is a flowchart illustrating a method for transmitting a visual
information broadcast, in accordance with an embodiment of the present subject matter.
[0014] Figure 5, is a flowchart illustrating a method for extracting a visual information
broadcast, in accordance with an embodiment of the present subject matter.
[0015] Figure 6, illustrates an example of pixel to sample encoding schemes according
to an embodiment of the present subject matter.
DETAILED DESCRJPTION
[0016] System and method for broadcasting visual information are disclosed. The
present subject matter enables a broadcaster to broadcast information captured from a text or an image to the recipient device in an image form.
[0017] Specifically, the disclosure may enable broadcasting of visual information at
the recipient device, wherein the recipient device can be stationary or portable, in a given locality or desired geographical region. The disclosure in one embodiment may use a Frequency Modulated (FM) radio channel or Amplitude Modulated (AM) radio channel for broadcasting visual messages to the recipient device having a radio receiver. The disclosure may enable transmission of the visual information on the radio channel, wherein the radio

channel is configured to transmit audio signals. An audio signal may be generated wherein the audio signal represents the visual message intended to be broadcasted over the radio channel. The visual messages may be embedded in the audio signal. The radio broadcast signal may be captured by the recipient device configured to receive the radio signals. The recipient device extracts the audio signal comprising the visual message from the radio signal.
[0018] The system according to present disclosure may comprise two components, the
broadcaster and the recipient device. The broadcaster may be stationary, or mobile, or hosted on a cloud or on server, or connected to a server or a combination thereof. The broadcaster may transmit the visual information desired by a user in a desired locality. The broadcaster may encode and broadcast the visual/text message over the radio channel. The broadcaster converts an input text or visual message or combination thereof, received from the user, into a two dimensional image. The two dimensions of the two dimensional image can be width and length. The two dimensional (2D) image is converted to a one dimensional (ID) signal waveform by the broadcaster. Conventionally, the radio channel is capable of transmitting only audio signals therefore the visual information may be converted, or embedded, into the signal waveform. The converted signal waveform may then be transmitted in the locality using a radio transmitter over the desired channel frequency. The frequency or amplitude of the signal waveform may be modulated in order to transmit the signal waveform over the radio channel.
[0019] According to an embodiment of the present disclosure the two dimensional
image may be converted to one dimensional signal waveform in the following way: The two dimensional image can be read along with one of its dimension that is either the length or the width. Using a pixel to sample encoding scheme the two dimensional image is converted into the one dimensional signal waveform. A header chunk may be created at the beginning of the one dimensional signal waveform to address issues that may otherwise arise; for e.g. varying number of pixels, and/or number of rows/columns for images of different sizes. In one embodiment, the header chunk may be of a fixed size and may contain sample values that correspond to the number of rows and columns and additional meta information about the two dimensional image.

[0020] The recipient device according to the present disclosure receives the radio
broadcast from the broadcaster, decodes the signal and displays the two dimensional image on to the recipient device. The recipient device demodulates the audio signal to obtain one dimensional signal waveform, and further decode the one dimensional signal waveform back into the two dimensional image. According to an embodiment, the one dimensional signal waveform may be converted to two dimensional images in following way: The header chunk generated in the broadcaster may be identified in the one dimensional signal waveform so received. Samples representing the two dimensional waveform based on the header chunk may be converted into pixels by using the sample to pixel decoding scheme which may then be displayed on the recipient device.
[0021] Referring now to Figure 1, a system 100 for visual information broadcast is
presented. The system for visual information broadcast compromises a broadcaster 102,
wherein the broadcaster may be stationary, or mobile, or hosted on cloud or on server, or
connected to a server or a combination thereof. The broadcaster 102 may be coupled to radio
transmitter 108 through a network (not shown). The radio transmitter 108, may be configured
to transmit radio signals over a variety frequency and channels; for e.g. on FM channel
wherein said frequency can vary between 87 MHz to 107 MHz. The broadcaster 102 may
determine which channel or frequency to use for broadcasting the visual information. The
radio transmitter 108, according to an embodiment of the present disclosure, may transmit the
visual information over a radio channel 106, wherein the radio channel 106 may be
configured to transmit audio signal. The visual information embedded in the audio signal
transmitted over the radio channel 106. may be then captured by one or more recipient
device(s) 104-1, 104-2 104-N.
[0022] The recipient device(s) 104-1, 104-2 104-N may be stationary or mobile.
The recipient device(s) 104 is configured to capture the visual information and further display or render the visual information onto the recipient device(s) 104, wherein the recipient device(s) is assumed to be operating in the desired locality or geographic region.
[0023] Referring now to Figure 2, the broadcaster 102 is illustrated in accordance with
an embodiment of the present subject matter. In one embodiment, the broadcaster 102 may include at least one first processor 202, a first input/output (I/O) interface 204, and a first

memory 206. The at least one first processor 202 may be implemented as one or more microprocessors, microcomputers, microcontrollers, digital signal processors, central processing units, state machines, logic circuitries, and/or any devices that manipulate signals based on operational instructions. Among other capabilities, the at least one first processor 202 is configured to fetch and execute computer-readable instructions stored in the first memory 206.
[0024J The I/O interface 204 may include a variety of software and hardware
interfaces, for example, a web interface, a graphical user interface, and the like. The I/O interface 204 may allow the broadcaster 102 to interact with a radio transmitter 108. The I/O interface 204, may further enable the broadcaster 102 to communicate with other computing devices, such as web servers or external data servers (not shown) via a communication network (not shown). The I/O interface 204- can facilitate multiple communications within a wide variety of networks and protocol types, including wired networks, for example, LAN, cable, etc, and wireless networks, such as WLAN, cellular, or satellite. The I/O interface 204 may include one or more ports for connecting a number of devices to one another or to another server.
[0025] The first memory 206 may include any computer-readable medium known in
the art including, for example, volatile memory like static random access memory (SRAM) and dynamic random access memory (DRAM), and/or non-volatile memory, such as read only memory (ROM), erasable programmable ROM, flash memories, hard disks, optical disks, and magnetic tapes. The first memory 206 may include first modules 208 and first data 210. The first modules 208 include routines, programs, objects, components, data structures. etc.. which perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. In one implementation, the modules 208 may include a receiving module 212, an encoder module 214, modulator module 216 and other first modules 218. The other first modules 218 may include programs or coded instructions that supplement applications and functions of the broadcaster 102.
[0026] The first data 210, amongst other things, serves as a repository for storing data
processed, received, and generated by one or more of the first modules 208. The first data 210

may also include other first database 220. The other first database 220 may include data generated as a result of the execution of one or more modules in the other first module 218,
[0027] In one embodiment, the receiving module 212 of the broadcaster 102 receives
a first input, wherein the first input may comprise of a string of characters. The string of characters may be selected from a text, or an image, or a combination thereof. The text or image or a combination thereof may be received using the first Input/Output (I/O) interface (204). The first input is transformed into a first image having at least two dimensions. The first image may also be called as two dimensional image, that may comprise of at least two dimensions representing corresponding width and length thereof.
[0028] The first image may further be converted into a one dimensional signal
waveform by the encoder module 214. The encoder module 214 may use a pixel to sample encoder to convert the first image into the one dimensional signal waveform, wherein the pixel to sample encoder may process the first image along either of the at least two dimension i.e. either along the width or the length of the first image. For e.g. each row/width of the first image may be converted into one dimensional signal waveform by using a pixel to sample encoding scheme. The successive rows/width thereon may be continuously converted into one dimensional signal waveform and appended to the one dimensional signal waveform created from previous rows in order to create a long one dimensional signal waveform. Similarly, each column/length may be converted into a long one dimensional signal waveform, the one dimensional signal waveform so generated from each successive column/length can then be continuously appended to the previously converted column/length.
[0029] The encoder module 214 may embed a header chunk into the one dimensional
signal waveform. The header chunk may comprise values corresponding either of the at least two dimension, or a meta information pertaining to the first image, or combination thereof.
[0030] The one dimensional waveform may have a frequency that may be determined
by the pixel to sample encoder. The one dimensional waveform is further modulated into a modulated one dimensional signal waveform using the modulator module 216 to be able to be transmitted using a carrier frequency. The modulated one dimensional signal waveform may be transmitted over the radio channel 106 using the radio transmitter 108. The modulated one dimensional signal waveformmay be captured by the recipient device 104.

[0031] Referring now to Figure 3, the recipient device 104 is illustrated according to
an embodiment of the present disclosure. The recipient device 104 may include at least one second processor 302, a second input/output (I/O) interface 304, and a second memory 306. The at least one second processor 302 may be implemented as one or more microprocessors, microcomputers, microcontrollers, digital signal processors, central processing units, state machines, logic circuitries, and/or any devices that manipulate signals based on operational instructions. Among other capabilities, the at least one second processor 302 is configured to fetch and execute computer-readable instructions stored in the second memory 306.
[0032] The second I/O interface 304 may include a variety of software and hardware
interfaces, for example, a web interface, a graphical user interface, and the like. The second I/O interface 304 may further enable the recipient device 104 to communicate with other devices, such as web servers and external data servers (not shown) through communication network (not shown). The second I/O interface 304 can facilitate multiple communications within a wide variety of networks and protocol types, including wired networks, for example, LAN, cable, etc., and wireless networks, such as WLAN, cellular, or satellite. The second I/O interface 304 may include one or more ports for connecting a number of devices to one another or to another server.
[0033] The second memory 306 may include any computer-readable medium known
in the art including, for example, volatile memory, such as static random access memory (SRAM) and dynamic random access memory (DRAM), and/or non-volatile memory, such as read only memory (ROM), erasable programmable ROM, flash memories, hard disks, optical disks, and magnetic tapes. The second memory 306 may include second modules 308 and second data 310.
[0034] The second modules 308 include routines, programs, objects, components, data
structures, etc., which perform particular tasks or implement particular abstract data types. In one implementation, the second modules 308 may include a capturing module 312. a demodulating module 314, a decoder module 316 and other second modules 318. The other second modules 318 may include programs or coded instructions that supplement applications and functions of the recipient device 104.

[0035] The second data 310, amongst other things, serves as a repository for storing
data processed, received, and generated by one or more of the second modules 308. The second data 310 may also include other second database 320. The other second database 320 may include data generated as a result of the execution of one or more modules in the other second module 318.
[0036] The capturing module 312. may capture the modulated one dimensional signal
waveform. The modulated one dimensional signal waveform may be relayed over the radio channel. The captured modulated one dimensional signal waveform can be demodulated using the demodulating module 314. The demodulating module 314, may demodulate the modulated one dimensional signal waveform to the one dimensional signal waveform. The decode module 316, may further decode the one dimensional signal waveform and convert it into the first image by identifying the header chunk. The samples following the header chunk may be converted into pixels wherein a sample to pixel decoding scheme may be used. Further a display module like the second Input/Output (I/O) interface 304 may be used to display a first input represented as the first image onto the recipient device 104.
[0037] Referring now to Figure 4. is a flowchart illustrating a method for transmitting
a visual information broadcast, in accordance with an embodiment of the present subject matter. The order in which the method 400 is described is not intended to be construed as a limitation, and any number of the described method blocks can be combined in any order to implement the method 400 or alternate methods. Additionally, individual blocks may be deleted from the method 400 without departing from the spirit and scope of the subject matter described herein. Furthermore, the method can be implemented in any suitable hardware, software, firmware, or combination thereof. However, for ease of explanation, in the embodiments described below, the method 400 may be considered to be implemented in the above described broadcaster 102.
[0038] At block 402. a first input is received. The first input comprises a string of
characters selected from a text, or an image or a combination thereof. At block 404, the first input is transformed from the strings of characters to a first image. The first image has at least two dimensions, the at least two dimension may represent width and length of the first image. At block 406, the first image is converted into a one dimensional signal waveform. The

conversion of the first image into one dimensional signal waveform, may comprise of processing the first image along either of the at least two dimension of the first image and converting into the one dimensional signal waveform using the pixel to sample encoder.
[0039] At block 408, the one dimensional signal waveform is modulated to a
modulated one dimensional signal waveform, using a modulator. The modulated one dimensional signal waveform is transmitted by block 410 over a radio channel, wherein the radio channel is configured to transmit audio signal.
[0040] Referring now to Figure 5, is a flowchart illustrating a method for extracting a
visual information broadcast, in accordance with an embodiment of the present subject matter. The order in which the method 500 is described is not intended to be construed as a limitation, and any number of the described method blocks can be combined in any order to implement the method 500 or alternate methods. Additionally, individual blocks may be deleted from the method 500 without departing from the spirit and scope of the subject matter described herein. Furthermore, the method can be implemented in any suitable hardware, software, firmware, or combination thereof. However, for ease of explanation, in the embodiments described below, the method 500 may be considered to be implemented in the above described recipient device 104.
[0041] At block 502, the modulated one dimensional signal waveform is captured. At
block 504, the modulated one dimensional signal waveform may be demodulated to the one dimensional signal waveform. At block 506, the header chunk embedded in the one dimensional signal vvaveform is identified in order to convert the one dimensional signal waveform into the first image. At block 508, the one dimensional signal waveform is converted into the first image using the sample to pixel decoder. The first image may have at least two dimensions. At block 510 the first image is rendered or displayed on the recipient device 104.
[0042] Referring now to Figure 6, illustrates an example of pixel to sample encoding
schemes according to an embodiment of the present subject matter. The illustration shall not be construed as the only pixel to sample encoding schemes that can be used for the present disclosure. The first image with at least two dimensions may be assumed to be a monochrome image. Each pixel of the monochrome image is encoded into one dimensional signal

waveform. Each pixel can be represented by 1 bit (1 for white and 0 for black) and in cases when the monochrome images has shades of gray, each pixel may be represented by more than one bit; generally 8 bit (byte) or 1 6 bit (word).

WE CLAIM:
1. A method for transmitting a visual information broadcast over a radio channel, wherein the radio channel is configured to transmit audio signals, the method comprising:
receiving, a first input, wherein the first input comprises a string of characters selected from a text, or an image or a combination thereof;
transforming the first input, from the strings of characters to a first image, wherein the first image has at least two dimensions;
converting the first image into a one dimensional signal waveform;
modulating the one dimensional signal waveform to a modulated one dimensional signal waveform, using a suitable modulator; and
transmitting the modulated one dimensional signal waveform over the radio channel, wherein at least one of the receiving, the transforming, the converting, the modulating and the transmitting is performed by a processor.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein converting the first image into one dimensional signal waveform, comprises processing the first image along either of the at least two dimension of the first image and converting into the one dimensional signal waveform using a pixel to sample encoder.
3. The method of claim 2, further comprises creating a header chunk subsequent to conversion of the first image into one dimensional signal waveform, wherein the header chunk comprises values corresponding either of the at least two dimension, or a meta information pertaining to the strings of characters, or combination thereof.
4. The method of claim 1, further comprising enabling a recipient device to display the one dimensional signal waveform as the first input.

5. A method for extracting a visual information broadcast transmitted over a radio
channel wherein the radio channel is configured to transmit audio signals, the method
comprising:
capturing a modulated one dimensional signal waveform, wherein the modulated one dimensional signal waveform is transmitted by a broadcaster;
demodulating the modulated one dimensional signal waveform into a one dimensional signal waveform;
identifying a header chunk embedded in the one dimensional signal waveform;
converting the one dimensional signal waveform into a first image representing a string of characters selected from a text, or image, or combination thereof, wherein the first image has at least two dimensions; and
displaying the first image onto a recipient device, wherein at least one of the capturing, the demodulating, the identifying, the converting and the displaying is performed by a processor.
6. The method of claim 5 wherein a sample to pixel decoder is used to convert the one dimensional signal waveform into the first image.
7. A broadcaster for a visual information broadcast, the broadcaster comprising:
a first processor (202);
a first Input/Output (I/O) interface (204) coupled to the first processor (202); and
a first memory (206) coupled to the first processor (202), wherein the first memory (206) comprises a plurality of first modules capable of being executed by the first processor (202), and wherein the plurality of first modules comprising:
a receiving module (212) configured to receive a first input, wherein
the first input comprises a string of characters selected from a text, or an
image, or combination thereof, wherein the first input is transformed into a first
image having at least two dimensions:
an encoder module (214) configured to convert the first image into a
one dimensional signal waveform; and

a modulator module (216) configured to modulate the one dimensional signal waveform for transmission into a modulated one dimensional signal waveform.
8. The broadcaster of claim 7, further comprises a radio transmitter, wherein the radio transmitter transmits the modulated one dimensional signal waveform over a radio channel, wherein the radio channel is configured to transmit audio signals.
9. The broadcaster of claim 7, wherein the encoder module (214) uses a pixel to sample encoder to convert the first image into the one dimensional signal waveform, wherein the pixel to sample encoder processes the first image along either of the at least two dimension.
10. The broadcaster of claim 7, wherein the encoder module (214) further embeds a header chunk into the one dimensional signal waveform, wherein the header chunk comprises values corresponding either of the at least two dimension, or a meta information pertaining to the first image, or combination thereof.
11. The broadcaster of 7, further comprises a recipient device configured to receive the modulated one dimensional signal waveform and display the first input.
12. A recipient device configured to extract visual information broadcast transmitted over a radio channel, wherein the radio channel is configured to transmit audio signals, the recipient device comprising:
a second processor (302):
a second Input/Output (170) interface (304) coupled to the second processor (302); and
a second memory (306) coupled to the second processor (302), wherein the second memory (306) comprises a plurality of second modules capable of being executed by the second processor (302), and wherein the plurality of second modules comprising:

a capturing module (312) configured to capture a modulated one dimensional signal waveform transmitted over the radio channel;
a demodulating module (314) configured to demodulate the modulated one dimensional signal waveform into a one dimensional signal waveform;
a decoder module (316) configured to decode the one dimensional signal waveform into a first image based on a header chunk identified by the decoder module; and
a display module configured to display a first input represented as the first image onto the recipient device.