FIELD OF THE INVENTION
This invention relates to a thermo-mechanical system to convert buoyancy force of liquid into electricity.
BACKGROUND
No patent has been reported so far in respect of a system, which generate electricity by using buoyancy force of liquid in this way.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
An object of the present invention is to propose a mechanical system to convert buoyant force of fluid into electricity which generates electricity with manufacturing cost of approximately less than Rs. 25000/kW and a generating cost Rs. 0.60/k;Wh, which is very less in comparison to existing systems. Another object of the present invention is to propose a mechanical system to convert buoyant force of fluid into electricity which is free from pollution threats. Further object of the present invention is to propose a mechanical system to convert buoyant force of fluid into electricity which is simple in construction and therefore consumes less time for construction.
Still another object of the present invention is to propose a mechanical system to convert buoyant force of fluid into electricity which results in cheaper electricity generation.
Yet another object of the present invention is to propose a mechanical system to convert buoyant force of fluid into electricity which eliminates problem of rehabilitation as this system does not use any fuel or consumable material and can be erected at any location.
Still another further object of the present invention is to propose a mechanical system to convert buoyant force of fluid into electricity which can also reduce electricity transmission losses considerably.
STATEMENT OF INVENTION
According to this invention there is provided a thermo-mechanical system to convert buoyant force of fluid into electricity comprising of a heat insulated chamber filled with liquid and light gas which has plurality of balloons on one chain, one by one filled by gas from lower end. and a pipe (3) containing light gas wherein the chain moves on sprocket (1 and 6) fitted on the shaft at the top and bottom vertically in which the upper shaft is connected with an alternator/generator to produce electricity and a pressure increaser/decreaser device to maintain given temperature and pressure.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING:
This invention is related to mechanical system that work on buoyant force produced by pressure difference of two or more fluids having different densities and convert this force to the energy. In this system a closed chamber of metal like steel is made, of which nearly 2/3 parts filled with liquid (13) like mercury and 1/3 part filled with gas (12) like helium. Two sprockets Gl, G2 are fixed within chamber, one near bottom (6) and other near top (1) such that a chain passing over them. A flexible pipe (FP) containing many flexible container (like balloon), which fix with chain at equal distance along outer surface. The number of flexible container (FC) depends upon the size of FC and chamber enclosed. FC is connected with FP such that any gas can transfer from FP to FC and FC to FP when needed. At the mouth of FC, a valve is fitted, which can be open and closed by an electrical and electronics system. Gear Gl is connected with alternator (9) via a gear train (8) of increaser type. The lowest end of FP is connected with second flexible pipe (15). The other end of this pipe (15) open in gasses region (12). Whole chamber is kept within heat-insulated frame (17), which prevent to transmitting heat. A pressure and temperature measurement device (PTMD) is connected with chamber to check and keep temperature and pressure at given value. Alternator is connected with outer circuit (14) via wire (10).
OPERATION:
First of all we increase the pressure of gas (helium) within the chamber, same time we maintain temperature by PTMD such that the density of the liquid should not be increase or decrease. Therefore, at a given value of temperature and pressure, the pressure of gas will be very large and pressure of liquid will be same (as before increasing pressure of gas). Due to increasing pressure of gas, the density of liquid should not be increase (we know liquid are generally uncompressible to pressure). It should be note that in general condition if a gas filled balloon is kept at lower portion of chamber and a high pressure is collected at upper portion of chamber, then the outer pressure on this balloon will be
arithmetic sum of pressure of liquid at given depth and pressure of gas at upper portion. Since by increasing pressure of gas, the density of liquid is changed in ratio of pressure of gas in same chamber. But in this system, we kept density of liquid constant by increasing temperature of liquid within chamber through PTMD. Therefore, outer pressure of liquid on balloon does not depend on pressure of gas. Here insulated chamber prevent heat transfer from chamber to outside atmosphere. Liquid and gas should be selected in such a way that no reaction between them exists at that given value of temperature and pressure.
Since one end of second pipe (15) is opened in high-pressured gasses region and this pipe connected to FP (3), therefore pressure within these FCs will be same as pressure in gasses region.
Initially all FCs are empty. We open the valve of lowest FC (20). As a result, the gas will start to go from FP to FC and FC start to inflate. The liquid around the outer surface of FC oppose FP to inflate. But since the pressure of gas is very greater than the pressure of liquid, therefore FC will expand. Consequently, FC disperses more liquid than own weight and come under buoyant force of liquid. More the pressure of gas, more fast the up thrust on FC produced. Due to buoyancy, FC will go upward in liquid and pull the chain. Similarly we open valve of next FC and continue. Since all FCs are tied with chain, therefore all FCs pull the chain simultaneously and as a result of this alternator will rotate via gear train. The speed of alternator can be increased by increasing pressure of gas.
In upward motion, FC comes in gasses region. Now the pressure of gas within FC and outer side of FC is same. Therefore FC will squeeze due to flexible nature and gas will go from FC to FP and FP to gasses region. When gas goes out from FC then we close the valve of FC in gasses region (i.e. before FC enter in liquid such that the size of FC should be as small as possible in down ward motion) and this process continuous.
Helium and mercury are good option of fluid, but there may be different combination of liquid and gas. Alternator and gear train can be fixed within chamber or out side of chamber.
Advantages
Since the power source of proposed system is buoyant force of fluid and it does
not consume any fuel or material. This system needs minimum maintenance due
to lesser and simpler equipments in comparison to existing systems of power
generation. The capital and running cost will be very low. The manual labour is
least and there is no need of rehabilitation. All these factors make it a viable
option for power generation. The system is automatic resulting in reduction of
manual labour. A central point controls all the functions of the system. As the
capacity of the system increases, the running cost of system further reduces and
system becomes more profitable.
The material used in the construction of this system is of low cost and the same is
easily available. The construction is easy and less time consuming due to
simplicity of technology.
System design can be made of any configuration and size and proposed system
does not require any special location as it does not use any fuel or material. It can
be commissioned at the nearby location requiring electricity. It will minimize
transmission considerably which is prime consideration of all the electricity
generating and distributing companies.
The material used in this system is helium gas or other lighter gas mixture, iron,
compressor and rubber etc which, does not lead to pollution as there is no smoke,
heat emission or loud sound.
The size of system can be adjusted to suit one's requirement it can be constructed
only for a single home or for a city or whole country.
The system construction is so simple that time taken for commissioning is very
short in comparison to the existing systems. Helium is directly available in nature
and other parts like sprockets, generators/alternator etc. are easily available.

Proposed system is independent of any special location requirement as it will not be using any fuel or material. Hydro electricity location restrictions and restrictions of location selection due to pollution factor are completely eliminated. All of these advantages of proposed system make it possible to construct at the place of one's choice, which eliminates the problem of rehabilitation.
It is to be noted that the present invention is susceptible to modifications, adaptations and changes by those skilled in the art. Such variant embodiments employing the concepts and features of this invention are intended to be within the scope of the present invention, which is further set forth under the following claims:-
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I CLAIM:
1. A thermo-mechanical system to convert buoyant force into electricity comprising of a heat-insulated chamber filled with liquid and light gas which has plurality of balloons on one chain (2) and a pipe (3) containing light gas wherein the chain moves on sprocket (1 and 6) fitted on the shaft at the top and bottom vertically in which the upper shaft is connected with an alternator/generator to produce electricity and a pressure increaser/decreaser device to maintain given temperature and pressure.
2. A mechanical system to convert buoyant force of liquid into electricity as claimed in claim 1 wherein the light gas is helium or other lighter gas or gas of mixture and liquid is mercury or other suitable liquid.
3. A mechanical system to convert buoyant force of liquid into electricity as claimed in claim 1 comprising a pressure increaser/decreaser device to maintain given temperature and pressure of liquid and gas.
4. A mechanical system to convert buoyant force of liquid into electricity substantially as herein described and illustrated with reference to accompanying drawing.