Description:FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a system for direct recharging of aquifers. More particularly, the present invention is directed to provide a system for rainwater harvesting and recharging based on direct injection to the aquifers through defunct or failed borewell/handpumps in a quickest and cheapest way.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Water is scarce natural resource, hence rain watershould be conservedwhere it falls and when it falls. It can supplement our domestic industrial and other water needs and also recharge our water sources. Surface sources and ground water is constantly getting depletedand polluted in large areas. As a result Water is not only becoming scarce but expensive as well.Reduction in rain water Surface runoff is the only way torecharge the surface and sub surface water sources and preventflooding and landslides.

The primary source of replenishment of water is rain. Water evaporating from both sea and land, falls back as precipitation and runs off as streams and rivers, settles in lakes and ponds, seeps through the soil and reaches the underground aquifer.

Natural replenishment of ground water reservoir is a slow process and is often unableto keep pace with the excessive and continued exploitation of ground water resources. This has resulted in declining ground water levels and depletion of springs, rivulets and groundwater resources in such areas.

Artificial recharge refers to transfer of surface water to the aquifer by human interference. The natural process of recharging the aquifers is accelerated by ponding or reducing the velocity of surface runoff through percolation and infiltration of stored or flowing surfacewater, which otherwise does not percolate into the aquifers.
Advantages of artificial recharge are as follows:
• Large subsurface storage space is available free of cost.
• Evaporation losses are negligible.
• Water Quality improvement by infiltration through thepermeable media.
• It has no adverse social impacts such as displacement ofpopulation, loss of scarce agricultural land etc. as in the case ofbig dams.
• It is environment friendly, controls soil erosion and flood andprovides sufficient soil moisture even during summer months.
• Water stored underground is relatively immune to natural and man-made catastrophes.
• It provides a distribution system between recharge anddischarge points
• Results in energy saving due to reduction in suction and deliveryhead as a result of water available at higher elevation and rise inwater levels.

The borewell/handpumps are usually connected to underground aquifer for lifting water. However, depending on the rate of consumption and lack of adequate replenishment through natural recharge, the aquifers get dried up or depleted and the connected handpump becomes defunct.

Natural Recharge of underground aquifer is a slow and complex process. Rate of Infiltration varies from 5 ft per day to 5 ft per year. Thus, the recharge though surface impounding to the aquifer is a veryslow process and requires huge surface area with sufficient arrangements for impounding or reducing the rate of surface runoff, so that it could be facilitated for substantially recharging the underground aquifer.

The amount of shallow infiltration reduces from max.25% to 10% with the paving or disturbing the natural ground surface which means that under normal conditions max. 10-15% of total rain fall could be facilitated by human interventions for recharging the underground aquifer.

As per simple calculation, to sustain a discharge of only 1 LPM in a Spring over dry period of 100 days, a underground water storage of at least 2 Lakh Liters is needed. To sustain 10 LPM discharge, a underground water storage of 20 Lakh liters is needed, which will require a huge investment and a huge recharge area as well.

The dischargeof springs and rivulets are depleting gradually, which is a matter of graveconcern, as Springs are the only life line for mountainous people.

As per reports of Uttarakhand Jal Sansthan, discharge of 40% water supplyschemes constructed during last 5-10 years has depleted more than 50%.

This alarming situation demands an immediate effective plan of action for recharging these aquifers before the connected springs & rivulets become complete dry. The depletion in recharge of our aquifers has adversely affected the performance of Hand pumps also and there is a need to recharge these Hand pumps also for their long term sustainability.

Initially the hand pumps were installed up to a depth of 50 to 70 mtrs after detailed geo-hydrogeological investigation of a particular site about the availabilityof aquifer or water body down below.These hand pumps are working successfully since last 25-30 years but some of them are not working now because of depletion in discharge of aquifers.

Uttarakhand Jal Sansthan has so far installed 10162 Hand pumps in 11 Hilly districts of State, out of which about 2500 are lying defunct due to various reasons.
To overcome the above grave situation, the concept of direct injection of rain water to aquifers was conceived, designed, & successfully tested in 13 defunct Hand pumps in the vicinity of Pauri town by the Applicants.

Some of the patent and non patent documents in the related field are summarized below:

IN2727/DEL/2012 relates to a novel tube-well hand pump comprising of atleast three chambers and two pistons attached to a handle wherein one piston is located in water chamber and another one in filter chamber. The versatile lightweight tube well hand pump of the instant invention can be used for the semi urban and rural area. Said light weight composite body facilitates transportation even in the remote area. The motion of piston in the upward direction makes water to flow from water chamber to filter chamber and the downward motion of the piston in filter chamber exerts pressure on water to flow to the filtration membrane. This patent relates to the Mechanical modification in hand pump for allowing water from one chamber to other chamber.

IN5376/CHE/2012 disclosed “Pravaah" the continuous supply handpump with its modified design has the capability to provide maximum possible output, in form of water extracted, with the given amount of inputs (human efforts in most of the cases while this can also be operated through electric power). This product design has the capability to provide continuous water supply as against intermittent one in case of prevalent designs and simultaneously it is also more efficient, cost effective and can easily be used in the same setup for installation which includes bore drills. Continuous water supply as against intermittent onePlunger/piston assembly reciprocating along the outer casing. Plunger rod connects plunger to the connecting rod. Cylinder assembly is connected to the riser pipe which facilitates the flow of under-ground water sucked by the synchronized piston and valve motion, to the ground level. Riser pipe is provided with the rubber centralizer in order to avoid contact with the outer casing pipe. This patent relates to the Mechanical modification in hand pump for a continuous water supply from hand pump.

IN201841032884 is in the technical field of a system for harvesting the rainwater collected from the roof of a building or a rain water collection chamber built on electric pole, comprising: a number of rainwater collectors connected to a guttering attached to the roof; a storage tank; and a feed system connecting the rainwater collectors to the storage tank; and a sensor system. This patent relates to the collecting rain water from roof or collection chamber on electric pole. The water is stored and overflow is connected to recharge chamber. The recharge takes place in a natural process.

US5490924 relates to a novel and unique water recharge filtration system which is gravity fed and can operate with heads as low as the height of the filter. A novel filter comprising a synthetic filter fabric or screen mounted on the outside of a cylindrical, skeletal frame and fitted within a cylindrical tank comprises one salient element of the new system. This patent relates to a filter comprising a synthetic fabric. No mention of any ground water recharge.

IN201821029396 has principal objective of the invention to supply un-interrupted effective water supply even from water scarce bore wells by using the existing resources. And effective ground water recharges to bring up the ground water table up. Even by using this invention converts the non-irrigated land into irrigated land by simple and effective method even by using existing water scarce bore wells or by taking new bore wells having smaller depths and more in numbers instead of deeper bore well, which covers the larger specific catchment area for sub-surface flow.The filter material to be used is such that it contains natural pebbles and natural sand. The coarser particles like pebbles are to be filled at bottom and the finer filter material is to be filled at top of the bore wells.This patent relates to diverting the flood water to the bore well without analyzing the surface runoff w.r.t. petroleum products, pesticides, harmful substances and even fecal matter. Diverting flood water to the bore well is not a healthy practice because it may contaminate the ground water resource.

CN103162456 disclosed The pipeline system capable disclosed of pumping and recharging the underground water comprises a first mining well, a second mining well, a ground comprehensive utilization system and a geothermal water recharge well, wherein the first mining well and the second mining well are used for mining geothermal water, the ground comprehensive utilization system is connected with the first mining well and the second mining well through a pipeline in a closed mode and comprehensively utilizes the obtained geothermal water and the geothermal water recharge well is away from the ground comprehensive utilization system for certain distance, is connected with the ground comprehensive utilization system through the pipeline in a closed mode and recharges the utilized geothermal water.This patent relates to using mining wells and interlinking these mining wells through pipeline. Here two mining well are being used as exploitation well and one as reinjection well. Again mining well has to be ensured that whatever the water quality after putting into mining well and if any mixing takes place there then without ensuring safe quality of such water injection to another mining well could be harmful to the ground water quality.

US20060169320 provides a system and method for addressing issues affecting water resources. In one embodiment of the invention, the system comprises a roof washer component, cistern component, pump, and manufactured dry well. The system is designed to divert contaminated rooftop runoff, capture clean rooftop runoff and store this clean water for irrigation purposes and nonpotable uses, while infiltrating excess water to recharge groundwater supplies thereby replicating the natural hydrologic cycle. This patent relates to designing of a system where contaminated roof water could be cleaned and after cleaning capturing this water for use of irrigation and non-potable use. The excess water is allowed to pass in a dry well for ground water recharge. This patent though diverting rain water after use to dry well which could be of the depth 8-10 meter deep after that again it will be natural process of recharging ground water which is very slow and a limited amount could be infiltrated to the aquifers.

US4,248,305 disclosed system and method of moving near-surface water to a deep water aquifer at a high rate of transfer and with no external energy sources, and which additionally generates excess energy available for other uses. This patent relates to the system comprising one deep well and many shallow wells. Process is to pump the water from shallow well and put to deep well. This is not a rain water harvesting and recharge system.

Prof. Akash N Ka Patel et al., Model of Rainwater Harvesting System, International Journal of Scientific Research in Science, Engineering and Technology,Volume 7 | Issue 2 | Print ISSN: 2395-1990 | Online ISSN : 2394-4099DOI : https://doi.org/10.32628/IJSRSET207268- This project is to prepare a model for rainwater harvesting from rooftops and we are designing Rainwater harvesting system in a residential building to use the rooftop rainwater and recharge ground water from excess water & concrete roads of residential houses then making demo model to show different collaborative techniques. This article relates to a model of collection rain water from rooftop and after use putting excess water for recharge.

K.F.A. Lo, Multi-Faceted Use of Rainwater Harvesting To Combat Water Problems,XI, IRCSA Conf.
https://citeseerx.ist.psu.edu/viewdoc/download?doi=10.1.1.738.5660&rep=rep1&type=pdf- Rainwater harvesting is a technology used for collecting and storing rainwater for human use from rooftops, land surfaces or rock catchments using simple techniques such as jars and pots as well as engineered techniques. This article relates to the system of rain water harvesting from roof and using this water in cisterns.

Thus it is evident from above comparative statement that none of the above patents or literature are neither matching nor pertains to directly injecting treated rooftop rain water to the aquifers. Some of the above patents are definitely related to recharge of ground water, some of them are collecting rain water from roof top also but either they are putting the collected and stored rain water in the dry well or recharge pits after which the water is subjected to percolate from different layers of natural ground before it could reach to the aquifer. In the process it is subjected to evaporation, transpiration by plants & other vegetative covers and soil moisture also. Thus the amount of the actual water if at all it reaches the aquifer is very little and as per my assessment in any case it cannot be more than 10-20%.

None of the above works match with the innovative technology of direct aquifer recharge with harvested rain water as targeted by present invention wherein 80% of the rain water collected from the roof top is directly put to the actual aquifer after ensuring proper filter media and get purified from any contamination.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION

The basic object of the present invention is directed to provide a system for direct recharging of depleted or dried up aquifers with rain water collected from roof top of nearby houses after passing through graded filter media making it free of contamination.

A further object of the present invention is directed to provide a system for injecting rainwater directly to depleted aquifer to renovate defunct hand pump connected to it.

A still furtherobject of the present invention is directed to provide a system for direct recharging of depleted or dried up aquifers with harvested rainwater after proper treatment in quickest and cheapest way and thereby restore functionality and sustainability of defunct borewell/handpumps connected to it.

A still further objectof the present invention is directed to provide a system for direct recharging of depleted or dried up aquifers with 80% of harvested rainwater without any loss ofwater due to leakage/seepage or evaporation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The basic aspect of the present invention is directed to a system for rainwater harvesting and recharging the aquifer through direct injection of rain water to the aquifers through defunct or failed borewell/ handpumps, most suited for the hilly regions comprising:

atleast one rooftop/hill top rainwater collector;

said rainwater collector operatively connected to a lower down placed ground level rainwater reservoir surrounding borehole casing of any said defunct or failed borewell/handpumps and the like;

a graded filter assembly comprising on top sand followed by gravel charcoal and finally pebbles at the bottom placed adjoining thereunder said ground level ofrainwater reservoir surrounding borehole casing of any said defunct or failed borewell/handpumps;

plurality of holes in the said borehole casing below said graded filter assembly enabling thus filtered rain water to enter said borehole casing of any said defunct or failed borewell/handpumps;

said filtered rainwater from said bore hole casing of any said defunct or failed borewell/handpumps connected to said aquifers of defunct or failed borewell/handpumps enabling direct injection recharging of the aquifers from rainwater in hilly regions.

A further aspect of the present invention is directed to said system comprising

a filter unit with said graded filter media installed surrounding said handpump connected to dried up aquifer;

said handpump comprising 5” dia MS casing pipe body and a GI pipe hand pump assembly inside the casing pipe, preferably India Mark II Hand pumps;

piping connections for collecting/harvesting rainwater from roof top of nearby houses or surface water storage to be fed to the filter unit;

said filter unit surrounding said handpump is made of pre fabricated MS plate chamber, filled with graded filter media of pebbles, charcoal, and sand in layers, fitted with covering lid, inlet, outlet and overflow sockets of appropriate size, said filter unit can be placed at a appropriate location, preferably underground excavating upto a depth of 1 meter;

said casing pipe having perforations in selective location thereon to allow entry of treated and filtered collected rain water directly through the casing pipe to recharge the dried up aquifer at a depth of 50-80meters.

A still further aspect of the present invention is directed to saidsystem wherein the casing pipe comprises 24 number 0.5 mm dia holes located surrounding the pipe in multiple rows with a spacing of 25mm, at a depth near bottom part of the filter unit.

A still further aspect of the present invention is directed to said system wherein the graded filter media of filter unit having a total depth of 0.5 meter comprising a top layer of sand of size 0.5-0.75mm over a depth of 30cm, a next layer below said top layer of gravel/charcoal over a depth of 10 cm and a bottom layer of pebbles over a depth of 10cm.

A still further aspect of the present invention is directed to said system wherein the area of the filter is decided based on connected roof top area and available discharge.

A still further aspect of the present invention is directed to said system wherein a concrete slab is placed above the filter chamber to prevent any other contaminated water to enter inside the chamber.

A still further aspect of the present invention is directed to said system wherein direct injection of collected rainwater after passing through said graded filtering media is fed through the annular flow space between bore hole casing(125mm dia) and rising pipe (32mm dia) of unused India Mark II handpumps connected to dried up aquifers.

Another aspect of the present invention is directed to a method for direct recharging of filtered rain water to dried up aquifer through borewell/handpump involving the system as described above comprising the steps of

providing means for collecting rainwater from roof top through network of piping;

installing a filter unit filled with graded filter media of pebbles, charcoal, and sand in layers and constructed surrounding the casing pipe of a defunct/unused borewell hand pump and contained within a MS plate fabricated chamber placed underground;

feeding the collected rainwater to the top of filter unit through an inlet for getting filtered through graded filter media in selectively layered disposition;

allowing said filtered rainwater to enter through selectively placed holes on the outer casing pipe near bottom region of filter unit so that said water travels through annular passage between the casing pipe and the riser pipe of handpump to the connected aquifer at a depth of 50-80 meters.

A further aspect of the present invention is directed to said method comprising recharging the connected aquifer to the extent of 80-90% of rainfall on selected roof top area.

A still further aspect of the present invention is directed to said method wherein rate of filtration of rainwater in filter unit is obtained in the range of 80-120LPM per sqm.

A still further aspect of the present invention is directed to said method wherein whenever rain falls on the roof, top the runoff is collected through the down pipe and HDPE pipe line straight to the hand pump filter without any loss of leakage/seepage or evaporation.

Another aspect of the present invention is directed to said method wherein direct injection method is able to recharge 5-6 times more than conventional/natural method of recharging underground aquifer.

Yet another aspect of the present invention is directed to saidmethod wherein collected rain water reaches the aquifer within 5-10 minutes compared to conventional methods taking a few days.

Above and other aspects and advantages of the present invention are described hereunder in greater details with reference to the following accompanying non limiting illustrative drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS
Figure 1: shows the schematic layout of the system of present invention for harvesting and recharging of aquifer by direct injection through already installed borewell/handpump.
Figure 2: show the details of hand pump with surrounding filter assembly connected with piping network for collecting rain water from roof top in the system of Figure 1, for direct injection of harvested rainwater to aquifer after filtering.
Figure 3: shows the details of schematic elevation and plan view of the filter unit with graded filter installed surrounding the handpump, provided with inlet, outlet and overflow pipes.
Figure 4: shows the details of graded filter with layer by layer disposition of sand, gravel/charcoal and pebbles covering a depth of 0.5 meter.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION WITH REFERENCE TO ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS

The present invention relates to a system and method of recharging/replenish fresh clean filtered rain water to the exhausted/depleted underground aquifer from which water has been withdrawn by already installed India Mark II hand pumps having 5” dia MS casing pipe body and a 32mm diaGI riser pipe based hand pump assembly inside the casing pipe. The proposed system is preferably workable for India Mark II Hand pumps already installed at site.

To achieve this objective, the surrounding ground level of the casing pipe is excavated up to 1 meter and graded filter media with pebbles, charcoal and sand is filled in the excavated portion are provided in a MS fabricated chamber. At the bottom of graded filter media a few holes are done in the casing pipe to allow filtered water to enter inside the casing pipe and flow directly to recharge the depleted/dried up aquifer connected to it.

Thus the rain water after filtration enters the hand pump body through these holes and straight away travels about 50-80 meter depth and filled in the aquifer. A concrete slab placed above the filter chamber possibly prevents any other contaminated water to enter inside the chamber.

As shown in accompanying Figure 1, an installed India mark II hand pumps have a 5”dia MS casing pipe body and a GI pipe hand pump assembly inside the casing pipe. The surrounding ground level of casing pipe isexcavated up to 1 meter and graded filter media with pebbles, charcoal and sand isfilled in the excavated portion. At the bottom of graded filter media few holes is done inthe casing pipe to allow water to inter inside casing pipe.

Hand pump filter unit are connected to rooftop area of the houses situated at the upper elevation with HDPE pipe. In this way, whenever rain falls on the roof top the runoff is collected through the down pipe and HDPE pipe straight to the hand pump filter without any loss due toleakage/seepage or evaporation. Accompanying Figure 2 show the details of hand pump with surrounding filter assembly connected with piping network for collecting rain water from roof top in the system of Figure 1, for direct injection of harvested rainwater to aquifer after filtering.

As per CBRI guidelines, the amount of rain fall water which can be collected from therooftop varies from 70-90% in different months. In this way, 80% on an average of the rainfall could be collected and after filtration couldbe injected directly to the aquifer, through casing pipe of the hand pump. With this invented system, it is possible to inject 80% of the rainfall directly to the aquifer as compared to 10-15% through conventional recharging method. Thus the cheapest and quickest recharge method of a aquifer is achieved by way of the present invention.

Accompanying Figure 3 shows the details of schematic elevation and plan view of the graded filter installed surrounding the handpump, provided with inlet, outlet and overflow pipes.A filter is made of pre fabricated MS plate chamber, filled with graded filter media of pebbles, charcoal, and sand,fitted with covering led, inlet,outlet and overflow sockets of appropriate size.This composite filter unit can be placed at a appropriate location surrounding the existing handpump, preferably underground upto a depth of 1 meter.

Accompanying Figure 4 shows the details of graded filter with layer by layer disposition of sand, gravel/charcoal and pebbles covering a depth of 0.5 meter.This include a top layer of sand having size 0.45mm to 0.75mm covering a depth of 30cm, an intermediate layer of gravel/charcoal covering a depth of 10 cm and a bottom layer of pebbles covering a depth of 10mm, thus making a total depth of 50cm of graded filter medium. Also the disposition of holes on casing pipe at the bottom zone of filter through which the filtered rainwater enter into the casing pipe for direct injecting to aquifer have also been shown. There are 24 number of such holes of 0.5mm dia located in six rows and four holes in each row, surrounding the casing pipe at aspacing of 2.5cm between rows.

Salient features of the system according to present invention are as follows:

• The device is filter unit installed India mark II hand pumps.
• The handpump filter unit has a 5"dia MS (mild steel) casing pipe body and a Galvanized Iron (GI) pipe hand pump assembly inside the casing pipe.
• The surrounding ground level of casing pipe is excavated up to 1 m and graded filter media with pebbles, charcoal and sand is filled in the excavated portion.
• At the bottom of graded filter media, few holes are done in the casing pipe to allow water to enter inside casing pipe.
• A filter could be made of pre-fabricated MS plate chamber, filled with graded filter media of pebbles, charcoal, and sand,fitted with covering led, inlet,outlet and overflow sockets of appropriate size.
• This composite filter unit can be placed at a appropriate location, preferably underground.
• Hand pump filter unit are connected to rooftop area of the houses situated at the upper elevation with HDPE pipe.
• Runoff is collected through the down pipe and HDPE pipe straight to the hand pump filter without any loss of leakage/seepage or evaporation.

It is thus possible by way of the present invention to provide a system for artificial recharging of dried up aquifers by directly injecting filtered rain water wherein rain water from roof top is collected and transported to a filter unit through piping network and after filtration through graded filter media, rain water is allowed to enter the outer casing pipe of defunct or failed hand pump through a number of selectively located holes on outer casing of handpump at the bottom of the filter media. Thus the rain water after filtration enters the hand pump body through these holes and straight away travels about 50-80 meter depth and joins/recharges the depleted aquifer and also enable restoring the service of defunct handpump in quickest and cheapest way.

By reutilising these hand pumps with slight modification of providing few holes in outer surface of casing pipe and addition of a filter unit, these hand pumps not only has been revived but underground aquifer has been recharged and downstream water resource could also be recharged specially in the mountainous region where particular hand pump as well as spring source survive only with the survival of particular aquifer. It is possible to inject 80% of the rainfall directly to the aquifer as compared to 10-15% through conventional recharging method. This is the cheapest and quickest recharge method of an aquifer. As soon as rain water is collected, within 5-10 minutes it reaches the aquifer wherein conventional methods it might take a few days.
, Claims:We Claim:

1.A system for rainwater harvesting and recharging based direct injection of aquifers of defunct or failed borewell/handpumps and the like situated in hilly regions comprising:
atleast one rooftop/hill top rainwater collector;
said rainwater collector operatively connected to a lower down placed ground level rainwater reservoir surrounding borehole casing of any said defunct or failed borewellhandpumps and the like;
a graded filter assembly comprising on top sand followed by gravel charcoal and finally pebbles at the bottom placed adjoining thereunder said ground level rainwater reservoir surrounding borehole casing of any said defunct or failed borewellhandpumps;
plurality of holes in the said borehole casing below said graded filter assembly enabling thus filtered rain water to enter said borehole casing of any said defunct or failed borewellhandpumps;
said filtered rainwater from said borehole casing of any said defunct or failed borewellhandpumps connected to said aquifers of defunct or failed borewellhandpumps and the like situated in hilly regions enabling direct injection recharging of the aquifers from rainwater in hilly regions.

2. The system as claimed in claim 1 comprising

a filter unit with said graded filter media installed surrounding said handpump connected to dried up aquifer;

said handpump comprising 5” dia MS casing pipe body and a GI pipe hand pump assembly inside the casing pipe, preferably India Mark II Hand pumps;

piping connections for collecting/harvesting rainwater from roof top of nearby houses or surface water storage to be fed to the filter unit;

said filter unit surrounding said handpump is made of pre fabricated MS plate chamber, filled with graded filter media of pebbles, charcoal, and sand in layers, fitted with covering lid, inlet, outlet and overflow sockets of appropriate size, said filter unit can be placed at a appropriate location , preferably underground excavating upto a depth of 1 meter;

said casing pipe having perforations in selective location thereon to allow entry of treated and filtered collected rain water directly through the casing pipe to recharge the dried up aquifer at a depth of 50-80meters.
3. The system as claimed in anyone of claim 1 or 2 wherein the casing pipe comprises 24 number 0.5 mm dia holes located surrounding the pipe in multiple rows with a spacing of 25mm, at a depth near bottom part of the filter unit.
4. The system as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to 3 wherein the graded filter media of filter unit having a total depth of 0.5 meter comprising a top layer of sand of size 0.5-0.75mm over a depth of 30cm, a next layer below said top layer of gravel/charcoal over a depth of 10 cm and a bottom layer of pebbles over a depth of 10cm.
5. The system as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to 4 wherein the area of the filter is decided based on connected roof top area and available discharge.
6. The system as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to 5 wherein a concrete slab is placed above the filter chamber to prevent any other contaminated water to enter inside the chamber.
7. The system as claimed in anyone of claims 1 to 6 wherein direct injection of collected rainwater after passing through said graded filtering media is fed through the annular flow space between bore hole casing(125mm dia) and the riser pipe(32mm dia) of unused India Mark II handpumps connected to dried up aquifers.
8. A method for direct recharging of filtered rain water to dried up aquifer through borewellhandpump involving the system as claimed in claims 1 to 7 comprising the steps of

providing means for collecting rainwater from roof top through network of piping;

installing a filter unit filled with graded filter media of pebbles, charcoal, and sand in layers and constructed surrounding the casing pipe of a defunct/unused borewell hand pump and contained within a MS plate fabricated chamber placed underground;

feeding the collected rainwater to the top of filter unit through an inlet for getting filtered through graded filter media in selectively layered disposition;

allowing said filtered rainwater to enter through selectively placed holes on the outer casing pipe near bottom region of filter unit so that said water travels through annular passage between the casing pipe and the riser pipe of handpump to the connected aquifer at a depth of 50-80 meters.
9. The method as claimed in claim 8 comprising recharging the connected aquifer to the extent of 80-90% of rainfall on selected roof top area.
10. The method as claimed in anyone of claims 8 or 9 wherein rate of filtration of rainwater in filter unit is obtained in the range of 80-120LPM per sqm.
11. The method as claimed in anyone of claims 8 to 10 wherein whenever rain falls on the roof, top the runoff is collected through the down pipe and HDPE pipe line straight to the hand pump filter without any loss of leakage/seepage or evaporation.
12. The method as claimed in anyone of claims 8 to 11 wherein direct injection method is able to recharge 5-6 times more than conventional/natural method of recharging underground aquifer.
13. The method as claimed in anyone of claims 8 to 12 wherein collected rain water reaches the aquifer within 5-10 minutes compared to conventional methods taking a few days.

Dated this the 10th day of February, 2023
Anjan Sen
Of Anjan Sen & Associates
(Applicant’s Agent)
IN/PA-199