This invention relates to a system of Risk Monitoring Enabled Helmet for Coal Miners.
Background of the Invention
WO2015164892A1 A monitoring system (10) includes visual image capturing means such as a video camera (12), transmitting means for transmitting visual images captures by the visual image capturing means to a control station, two-way audio communication means (18) including a microphone (20) and an earpiece (22) and energizing means (24) such as a rechargeable battery for energizing the monitoring system. The monitoring system can be mounted on a helmet or safety hat (14) or glasses worn by a user (16). A location sensor (26) for identifying the position of the user (16) via GPS can be included. The user (16) is identified via a fingerprint recognition device (30). The user's (16) field of vision can be illuminated by LED lights (32) mounted on the hat (14). Research Gap:
This work does not provide any health monitoring of the miner. In our proposed helmet, by using various sensors and by monitoring pulse of the miner a complete health monitoring system is given.
In this work emergency alarm system is not included, In the proposed helmet, we have given a two-way emergency alarm system and we used LoRA and Edge devices for communication.
CN203388326U The utility model relates to a multifunctional smart helmet and solves the problems that the existing helmets are poor in safety, single in function and the like. The smart helmet comprises a helmet body. A gradient, a gas monitor, a camera, an anti-explosion LED lamp, a headset-microphone module, a data storage module, a GPRS (general packet radio service) communication positioning module and a power supply battery. The gradienter, the gas monitor, the camera and an output end of the headset-microphone module are respectively connected with the data storage module and the GPRS communication positioning module. The multifunctional smart helmet is reasonable in structural design, light, attractive, high in safety, rich in function, highly integrated and wide in application range, functions such as head safety, operator status monitoring, gas concentration monitoring, mobile video monitoring, filed lighting, mobile communication, data storage, downhole operator positioning, and safety of operators is guaranteed while work efficiency of the operators is increased greatly.
Research Gap:
This work does not provide any health monitoring of the miner. In our proposed helmet, by using various sensors and by monitoring pulse of the miner a complete health monitoring system is given.
In this work, humidity and oxygen detection is not performed, in our system the sensors are provided the oxygen and humidity level of the mine.
In this work emergency alarm system is not included, In the proposed helmet, we have given a two-way emergency alarm system and we used LoRA and Edge devices for communication.
None of the prior art indicate above either alone or in combination with one another disclose what the present invention has disclosed. Present invention is a system of Risk Monitoring Enabled Helmet for Coal Miners.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts, in a simplified format, that are further described in the detailed description of the invention.
This summary is neither intended to identify key or essential inventive concepts of the invention and nor is it intended for determining the scope of the invention.
To further clarify advantages and features of the present invention, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof, which is illustrated in the appended drawings. It is appreciated that these drawings depict only typical embodiments of the invention and are therefore not to be considered limiting of its scope. The invention will be described and explained with additional specificity and detail with the accompanying drawings.
Coal is the most important and abundant fossil fuel in India. It accounts for 55% of the country's energy need. It is also consumed as fuel in the production of steel and concrete. Mining coal has always been hazardous; includes many challenging tasks due to its suffocating environment. As there is no proper ventilation explosion in mines are very often due to methane gas. The rooftop collapse is another sudden adverse condition which may arise in the mines. Accidents are very common in these mines and the process gained hatred for not providing proper protection for the miners. The proposed risk monitoring helmet will provide a complete system for monitoring the condition of the mines and the miners as well. The improved safety feature will provide a system by providing a system for health detection of the miner, tracking the current position of the miner, emergency alarm system. Also, the helmet will receive signal from supervisor if condition of the mine is not appropriate as per the data received from various detector (gas leakage, earth vibration, humidity, oxygen level) by the supervisor. The proposed system established a system for communication between miner and supervisor using edge devices and LoRA communication for early evacuation in alarming situation.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
The illustrated embodiments of the subject matter will be understood by reference to the drawings, wherein like parts are designated by like numerals throughout. The following description is intended only by way of example, and simply illustrates certain selected embodiments of devices, systems, and methods that are consistent with the subject matter as claimed herein, wherein:
Fig. 1: Risk monitoring system and sensor enabled helmet for coal miners.
Fig. 2: Sensor enabled helmet.
Fig. 3: Helmet Sensor Node
Fig. 4: Sensor Node
Fig. 5: Edge Device Gateway
The figures depict embodiments of the present subject matter for the purposes of illustration only. A person skilled in the art will easily recognize from the following description that alternative embodiments of the structures and methods illustrated herein may be employed without departing from the principles of the disclosure described herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The detailed description of various exemplary embodiments of the disclosure is described herein with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments are described herein in such details as to clearly communicate the disclosure. However, the amount of details provided herein is not intended to limit the anticipated variations of embodiments; on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
It is also to be understood that various arrangements may be devised that, although not explicitly described or shown herein, embody the principles of the present disclosure. Moreover, all statements herein reciting principles, aspects, and embodiments of the present disclosure, as well as specific examples, are intended to encompass equivalents thereof.
The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments. As used herein, the singular forms “a",” “an” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It will be further understood that the terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “includes” and/or “including,” when used herein, specify the presence of stated features, integers, steps, operations, elements and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and/or groups thereof.
It should also be noted that in some alternative implementations, the functions/acts noted may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two figures shown in succession may, in fact, be executed concurrently or may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality/acts involved.
In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", “third”, and the like in the present invention are used for the purpose of description only, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, features defining "first" and "second" may include at least one of the features, either explicitly or implicitly.
Unless otherwise defined, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which example embodiments belong. It will be further understood that terms, e.g., those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.
These and other advantages of the present subject matter would be described in greater detail with reference to the following figures. It should be noted that the description merely illustrates the principles of the present subject matter. It will thus be appreciated that those skilled in the art will be able to devise various arrangements that, although not explicitly described herein, embody the principles of the present subject matter and are included within its scope.
Coal is the one of most abundant fossil fuels on earth, it is used as fuel in many important industries such as steel, and cement. The Coal mining industry is considered as the most hazardous working environment and safety of the miners is one of the major concerns in these mines. Research in the area of safety has been a continuous process which aim to provide protective and secure environment for the miners. Studied has revealed that most of the mis happening happened because of the suffocating and dangerous environment of the mines and India is not an exception. As per the annual report of the coal India limited (CIL)- 2021, India has been the second largest producer of the Coal. As per the report 218 accidents are reported in last two years i.e. 2019 and 2020 and 64 number of miners were killed in these accidents. It is the duty of the government to enact sufficient appropriate safety measures to ensure the safe conduct of the mines together with the minimum of risk of health. The miners should be adequately empowered with wearables which should be technologically enabled to provide strong communication between the miners and ground level supervisors. As the technology such as IoT and wireless communication evolves we can have solution for this hazardous environment.
In this work we have proposed Risk monitoring system and sensor enabled helmet for coal miners, along with all the basic facility such as LED light, eyes protection, head protection, the proposed helmet provide a facility of health monitoring system for miner where we consider several health parameters of miners like blood pressure, pulse monitoring, temperature and oxygen level. The high-level diagram of the proposed helmet is shown below, where all the sensors and functional units are represented.
We employ edge computing for data storage and processing at the end of miner, miner details and the data coming from various devices. Here for pulse monitoring, we use ardunio device, for blood pressure measure we use blood pressure sensor, temperature sensor and also an oximeter. All the collected information is sent to edge device using LoRA, where it is stored and processed. LoRa is a Long-Range low power wireless communications technology developed for IoT and Message to Message (M2M) applications. Aimed at the M2M and IoT market, LoRa is ideal for providing intermittent low data rate connectivity over significant distances. In proposed helmet, we include a camera for capturing the images of mine which are further transmitted to supervisor base unit through edge device. The earth vibration detector sensor is used to detect the tectonic activities of earth, this information is sent to edge device and later on supervisor location. In case of any emergency an alarm siren for early evacuation of miner are sent. In this model, we include sensors for detection of various parameter for monitoring of the environment of the mine such as humidity detection, oxygen level detection, gas leakage detection. If value of any collected parameter is above the threshold value we have provided a two-way emergency alarm button for early evacuation of the minor, also if the emergency signal is sent by the miner a facility of acknowledgement receiving is provided for uplifting the moral of the miner in dangerous condition. All the above-mentioned functionalities are depicted below.
We have represented all the sensors and functional units with the help of numbers. The description of the number notation is as follows: 2 is used for BP monitoring system, 8 for body temperature, 14 pulse monitoring system, 20 oxygen level detector system, 77 is represented a unique id for each miner, 108 is emergency alarm, 99 is beep signal used to generate a sound for improper wearing of the helmet, 33 is replaceable battery, 55 is camera used to capture visuals of mines, 101 is represented LED light.
Best Method of working:
Detailed Component Diagrams
Helmet Sensor Node: The below diagram depicted the sensor node of the complete helmet. We have one computing unit (Arduino), various sensors, LoRA radio, battery and alarm. All the sensors are connected with computing unit, as per the collected data from the sensors the computing unit will act upon.
Sensor Node: This sensor node depicted all the other sensor inside the mine, which include earth vibration sensor, humidity sensor, oxygen sensor and gas leakage sensor detection system. All the senors are connected to a computing unit and LoRA radio.
Edge Device Gateway: The below unit diagram represent the edge device gateway which is used for the collection and processing of data. The edge unit consists a battery, data repository, computing unit is connected to LoRA Radio using Wi-Fi. The proceed data is transmitted to the cloud source from where we can further utilize this data in various application.
ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION:
• Two -Way emergency alarm system for early evacuation of minor during hazardeous conditions.
• Edge-computing and IoT sensors provide continuous health monitoring system for miner in mines.
• GPS enabled helmet for position tracking of miners in mines.
• LoRA (long Range Communication) is used for communication for better connectivity.
Novel Features of the Invention
1. Risk Monitoring Enabled Helmet for Coal Miners
2. Early warning system for evacuation for coal miners during hazardeous conditions.
3. Real time Health monitoring of coal miners in mines.
4. Gas leakage Detection in case of emergency.

WE CLAIM:

1. A system of Risk Monitoring Enabled Helmet for Coal Miners comprises Computing Unit (101), Camera (102), Array of Force Sensitive Register (103), Induction Touch Sensor (104), BP Sensor (105), LoRa Radio (106), Resistor (107), Buzzer Alarm (108), LED (109), Micro Controller (110), O2 Sensor (111), and DHT 11 Sensor (112).
2. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein Risk monitoring system and sensor enabled helmet for coal miners, along with all the basic facility such as LED light, eyes protection, head protection, the proposed helmet provides a facility of health monitoring system for miner where user consider several health parameters of miners like blood pressure, pulse monitoring, temperature and oxygen level.
3. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein employ edge computing device is employed for data storage and processing at the end of miner, miner details and the data coming from various devices.
4. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein for pulse monitoring uses Arduino device, for blood pressure measure use blood pressure sensor, temperature sensor and also an oximeter.
5. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein all the collected information is sent to edge device using LoRA, where it is stored and processed; and LoRa is a Long-Range low power wireless communications technology developed for IoT and Message to Message (M2M) applications.
6. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein aimed at the M2M and IoT market, LoRa is ideal for providing intermittent low data rate connectivity over significant distances.
7. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein in proposed helmet, includes a camera for capturing the images of mine which are further transmitted to supervisor base unit through edge device.
8. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein the earth vibration detector sensor is used to detect the tectonic activities of earth, this information is sent to edge device and later on supervisor location; and in case of any emergency an alarm siren for early evacuation of miner are sent.
9. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein system includes sensors for detection of various parameter for monitoring of the environment of the mine such as humidity detection, oxygen level detection, gas leakage detection.
10. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein If value of any collected parameter is above the threshold value have provided a two-way emergency alarm button for early evacuation of the minor, also if the emergency signal is sent by the miner a facility of acknowledgement receiving is provided for uplifting the moral of the miner in dangerous condition.