Claims:We claim:
1. A precast segmental retaining wall comprises a base (1) and stem (2)
wherein the base (1) comprises,
a base trunk unit (3) having a base front fill face (6) and a base back fill face (7) paralleled with vertical axis (Y) and having extended rods (17) on top surface and the base trunk unit (3) mounted under a ground level (G) ;
a toe (4) projected at lower portion of the base trunk unit (3) towards horizontal axis (X) beveled at an anti-clockwise direction angle (d) 0° to 17° with respect to horizontal axis (X) falling to a base toe face (8);
a heel (5) projected at lower portion of the base trunk unit (3) in opposite direction to the toe (4) beveled at clockwise angle (d) 0° to 17° with respect to the horizontal axis (X) falling to a base heel face (9);

wherein the stem (2) comprises,
a stem root unit (10) having a stem front fill face (13) and a stem back fill face (14) perpendicular to the horizontal axis (X) and a bottom surface of stem root unit (10) having cavities of a groutec coupler (16) to accommodate the extended rods (17) of the base trunk unit (3) of the base (1);
a stem front face (11) perpendicular with respect to the horizontal axis (X) and in continuation with the stem front fill face (13);
a stem back face (12) having at an anti-clockwise angle (?) 1° to 7° with respect to the vertical axis (Y) and in continuous with stem back fill face (14);

2. The precast segmental retaining wall as claimed in claim 1, the groutec couplers (16) of the stem root unit (10) and the corresponding extended rods (17) of the base trunk unit (3) are arranged in two different manner, series manner and alternative manner.
3. The precast segmental retaining wall as claimed in claim 2,the groutec couplers (16) of the stem root unit (10) and the corresponding extended rods (17) of the base trunk unit (3) are placed in series manner along the length of the T shaped retaining wall axis (Z) on the stem front fill face (13) side.
4. The precast segmental retaining wall as claimed in claim 3, wherein the groutec couplers (16) of the stem root unit (10) and the corresponding extended rods (17) of the base trunk unit (3) are placed equidistance.
5. The precast segmental retaining wall as claimed in claim 2, wherein the groutec couplers (16) of the stem root unit (10) and corresponding extended rods (17) of the base trunk unit (3) are placed in alternatively mannerin two levels along the length of the T shaped retaining wall axis (Z) on the stem back fill face (14) side.
6. The precast segmental retaining wall as claimed in claim 5, wherein a lower level and an upper level of the groutec couplers (16) of the stem root unit (10) and the corresponding extended rods (17) of the base trunk unit (3) are placed equidistance.
7. The precast segmental retaining wall as claimed in claim 1, wherein the extended rods (17) and the groutec coupler (16) are provided at every 100 mm to 300 mm interval in the stem (2).
8. The precast segmental retaining wall as claimed in claim 7, the groutec couplers (16) and the corresponding extended rods (17) of the stem (2) are arranged in two different manner, series manner and alternative manner.
9. The precast segmental retaining wall as claimed in claim 8, wherein the groutec couplers (16) and the corresponding extended rods (17) are placed in series manner along the length of the T shaped retaining wall axis (Z) on the front face of the stem (11) side.
10. The precast segmental retaining wall as claimed in claim 9, wherein the groutec couplers (16) and corresponding extended rods (17) of the stem (2) are placed equidistance.
11. The precast segmental retaining wall as claimed in claim 8, wherein the groutec couplers (16) and the extended rods (17) of the stem (2) are placed in alternative manner in two levels along the length of the T shaped retaining wall axis (Z) on the back face of the stem (12) side.
12. The precast segmental retaining wall as claimed in claim 11, wherein a lower level and an upper level of the groutec couplers (16) of stem (2) and the corresponding extended rods (17) of the stem (2) are placed equidistance.
13. The precast segmental retaining wall as claimed in claim 1, wherein the width (W4) of apex of the stem (2) is 200 mm to 250 mm.
14. The precast segmental retaining wall as claimed in claim 1, wherein the apex of the stem (2) is provided with a coping beam (15).
15. The precast segmental retaining wall as claimed in claim 1, wherein ratio of the base (1) width (W0) to total height (H0) of retaining wall is between 6: 10 to 7.5: 10.
16. The precast segmental retaining wall as claimed in claim 1, wherein ratio of the base trunk unit (3) width (W2) to total height (H0) of retaining wall is 1: 10 to 1: 14.
17. The precast segmental retaining wall as claimed in claim 1, wherein ratio of the toe (4) thickness (T0) to total height (H0) of retaining wall is between 1:8 to 1:12.
18. The precast segmental retaining wall as claimed in claim 1,wherein ratio of the toe (4) width (W1) to base (1) width (W0) of retaining wall is between 1: 2 to 1: 3.
19. The precast segmental retaining wall as claimed in claim 1, wherein the heel (5) width (W3) andthe heel (5) thickness (T0) are similar to the toe (4) width (W1) and the toe (4) thickness (T0) respectively of retaining wall.
20. The precast segmental retaining wall as claimed in claim 1, wherein ratio of the joint location height (J1) to total height (H0) of retaining wall is between 2.5: 10 to 4:10 from the bottom of the base.

Dated this 07 January, 2022
, Description:FORM 2
THE PATENT ACT 1970
(39 of 1970)
&
The Patents Rules, 2003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See section 10 and rule 13)
1. TITLE OF THE INVENTION: A T-shaped Precast Segmental Retaining Wall Structure for Highways and Railways

2. APPLICANT:
(a) NAME : Fuji Silvertech Concrete Private Limited
(b)NATIONALITY : Indian
(c) ADDRESS : 4th Floor, House No. 5,
Magnet Corporate Park,
Near Sola Flyover,
S.G. Highway, Thaltej,
Ahmedabad-380054,
Gujarat, India

3. PREMABLE TO THE DESCRIPTION
PROVISIONAL

The following specification describes the invention. ?COMPLETE

The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.

Field of the invention
The present invention relates to precast reinforced concrete retaining wall. More particularly, it relates to an improved T shaped precast segmental retaining wall having high strength to retain the soil pressure and provides lateral support to embankment in vicinity of highways and railways.
Background and prior art of the invention
Transportation of goods and transportation of people require from one place to other place through different type of transportation mode. Such transportation is road transportation, rail transportation, air transportation and water transportation. Inter-state of any country preferably chose transport goods through the road or rail transportation mode. However, in hilly areas it is difficult to transport the goods as it does not have better connectivity of roads and railways and it is not economical to transport goods by airway. Further, in some hilly areas, road and railways connectivity is good however it faces natural disaster such as land sliding which makes disturbance in transportation connectivity to the hilly area.
The land-slides take place in form of downward mass movements of rock, debris, and soil due to gravity influence. To prevent from the land sliding, support of the sloping material can be helpful. It resists the lateral movement of slope and also helps to prevent soil erosion.
As a support of the sloping material, retaining wall is used. The retaining wall is a structure designed and constructed to resist the lateral pressure of soil, when there is a desired change in ground elevation that exceeds the angle of repose of the soil. Retaining walls are used for supporting soil laterally so that it can be retained at different levels on the two sides. Retaining walls are structures designed to restrain soil to a slope that it would not naturally keep to (typically a steep, near-vertical or vertical slope). They are used to bound soils between two different elevations often in areas of terrain possessing undesirable slopes or in areas where the landscape needs to be shaped severelyand engineered for more specific purposes.
The retaining wall also used where the usable space requirement arises. The retaining wall used in the construction of basement below ground level in buildings, making of bridges and underground bridges, as side walls of bridge approach roads, rainwater harvesting etc.
Conventionally, retaining wall mainly constructed by the reinforced concrete at the construction site. It is time consuming process and arise issue regarding safety and quality of retaining wall. Recently, high quality and precast retaining wall is manufactured in the factory and transport to the construction site. Further, different type of retaining wall is available such as cast in situ retaining wall, precast counterfort retaining wall and precast retaining earthen wall.
KR100779608B1 discloses the precast concrete retaining wall block has a bottom plate disposed below as a precast concrete plate member so as to have a cross-sectional shape of L type or an inverted T shape as a whole. The precast concrete retaining wall block of is configured to have overlapping joints of extension bends that are positioned so as not to leave the concrete placing grooves on both sides while satisfying the allowable overlap length in the reinforcing bar of the bottom plate, thereby accompanying the process of constructing the retaining wall structure.
The limitation of said precast retaining wall structure is that it is available up to height of the 3-4 meter. The construction site can be at a distant location from the precast concrete plant. In that case, the precast retaining wall must be carried to the site using trailers. By using the trailing maximum 3-4 meter height of the T shaped retaining wall can be transmit by road or railway to the construction site. The precast retaining wall with vehicle can not pass through ordinary roads or any expressway which exceeds the height 4.2 meter. Due to that it is impossible to transport the retaining wall exceeds height more than 3-4 meter. Further, it has higher initial cost as it required more machines for manufacturing and handling difficulties as size of the retaining wall is large. Overall, this circumstance makes the retaining wall very expensive. Further, there is no proof or evidence of its performance in highway and railway use situations.
Hence, it is desperately needed to invent a precast segmental retaining wall which has low cost and higher strength and performance to overcome the difficulties as described above.

Object of the invention
The main object of the present invention is to provide the precast segmental retaining wall to retain earth fill loads up to 10 meter that can satisfy the highway and railway design and loading criteria in India.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the precast segmental retaining wall to resist higher shear, higher moment of resistance and higher ductility at joint.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide the precast segmental retaining wall having higher strength and higher performance.
Further object of the present invention is to provide the precast segmental retaining wall having lowest maintenance cost.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the precast segmental retaining wall which reduces the time for construction.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide the precast segmental retaining wall which is easy and quick to install at the site.
Further object of the present invention is to provide the precast segmental retaining wall to reduce soil erosion, improve water drainage and create usable space.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide the precast segmental retaining wall which reduces the labor work.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the precast segmental retaining wall structure for highways and railways.
Summary of the Invention
The present invention relates to a T-shape precast segmental retaining wall. This T-shape precast segmental retaining wall comprises a base which is mounted on or under the ground level and a stem to retain earth on one or both sides and create usable space. A base comprises a base trunk unit having extended rods on top surface and lower portion having a toe direction towards the horizontal axis (X) and having beveled at an anti-clockwise angle (d) 0° to 17° with respect to the horizontal axis (X). A heel is projected in similar manner of the toe and in opposite direction of the toe. A stem comprises stem root unit having staggered groutec couplers to accommodate the extended rods of the base trunk unit. The stem has a front face parallel to the vertical axis (Y) and a back face having inclination at an anti-clockwise angle (?) 1° to 7° with respect to vertical axis (Y) and said both faces of the stem are continuous with the stem root unit. The T-shaped precast retaining wall is manufactured in the factory and transported to the place of construction. The T-shape precast segmental retaining wall provides the lateral support to embankment and resists lateral soil pressure. The T-shaped precast segmental retaining wall structure resist load up to 10 m height and applicable highway and railway loading as per Indian standards.

Brief description of the drawing
Other objects, advantages and novel features of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description of the present embodiment when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 shows a cross section view of a T-shaped precast segmental retaining wall having a stem and base according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows a prospective assembly view of precast segmental retaining wall according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 (a) shows front view of precast segmental retaining wall according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 (b) shows cross sectional of precast segmental retaining wall according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 (c) shows back view of precast segmental retaining wall according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 a cross sectional dimensional view of precast segmental retaining wall according to the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Before explaining the present invention in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details of the construction and arrangement of parts illustrated in the accompany drawings. The invention is capable of other embodiments, as depicted in different figures as described above and of being practiced or carried out in a variety of ways. It is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation.
The invention disclosesan improved precast segmental retaining wall having an application at the railways and highway structure to retain the lateral force of soil and provide lateral support to embankment.
Fig. 1 provides cross section view of the T-shapedprecast segmental retaining wall for lateral support to the soil and the embankment. The present invention mainly comprises two parts which are base (1) and stem (2).
Referring Fig. 1 and Fig. 4 in accordance with the present invention, the base(1) comprises a base trunk unit (3) which made of high strength, high performance reinforced concrete material and is mounted on or below the ground level. The base trunk unit (3) mainly has two faces, i.e. a base front fill face (6) and a base back fill face (7). The base front fill face (6) is directed towards horizontal axis (X) and paralleled with vertical axis (Y). In similar manner, the base back fill face (7) is opposite to the base front fill face (6) and paralleled with the vertical axis (Y). As shown in Fig. 2, top surface of the base trunk unit (3) has extended rods (17) made of reinforced steel.
In Continuation referring Fig.1 and Fig.4, a toe (4) is configured at the lower portion of the base trunk unit (3) and projected in the direction towards the horizontal axis (X). The toe (4) portion is made of high strength, high performance reinforced concrete material. The toe (4) has a shape of bevel which makes an anti-clockwise angle (d) 0° to 17°with respect to the horizontal axis (X) falling to a base toe face (8).
In similar manner, a heel (5) is configured at the lower portion of the base trunk unit (3) and projected in opposite direction to the toe (4). The heel (5) portion has a shape of bevel which makes clockwise angle similar to the toe angle (d) 0° to 17°with respect to the horizontal axis (X) falling to a base heel face (9).
By the configuration of the base trunk unit (3), the toe (4) and the heel (5) make the overall base (1) of the T shaped precast segmental retaining wall.
The stem (2) comprises a stem root unit (10). The stem root unit (10) mainly has two vertical faces in which one is a stem front fill face (13) and another is a stem back fill face (14). The stem front fill face (13) is directs towards the toe (4) direction and is parallel with the vertical axis (Y) and the perpendicular to the horizontal axis (X). In similar way, the stem back fill face (14) is oppositely directed to the stem front fill face(13) and is parallel with the vertical axis (Y) and the perpendicular to the horizontal axis (X).
The bottom surface of the stem root unit (10) of the stem (2) has groutec couplers (16) in which one end of groutec coupler (16) is assembled with the inner rods of stem (18) and another end of the groutec coupler (16) has cavities to accommodate the extended rods (17) of the base trunk unit (3) of the base (1) as shown in Fig.2.
Referring Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 (a), (b) and (c), the groutec couplers (16) of the stem root unit (10) and the corresponding extended rods (17) of the base trunk unit (3) are arranged in two different manner i.e. series manner and alternative manner. On the stem front fill face (13) side the groutec couplers (16) of the stem root unit (10) and corresponding extended rods (17) of the base trunk unit (3) are placed in series manner along the length of the T shaped retaining wall axis (Z). The groutec couplers (16) of the stem root unit (10) and the corresponding extended rods (17) of the base trunk unit (3) are placed equidistance.
On the stem back fill face (14) side the groutec couplers (16) of the stem root unit (10) and corresponding extended rods (17) of the base trunk unit (3) are placed in alternatively manner in two levels along the length of the T shaped retaining wall axis (Z). A lower level and an upper level of the groutec couplers (16) of the stem root unit (10) and the corresponding extended rods (17) of the base trunk unit (3) are placed equidistance. The stem root unit (10) of the stem (2) being situated on, above or under the ground level (G) and assembled with the base trunk unit (3) of the base (1).
The stem (2) mainly comprising two faces i.e., a stem front face (11) and a stem back face (12). The stem front face (11) is directed towards the toe (4) direction of the base (1). The stem front face (11) is parallel with the vertical axis (Y), perpendicular to the horizontal axis (X) and continuous with the stem front fill face (13).
The stem back face (12) directs towards the heel (5) direction of the base (1). The stem back face (12) has a slope at an anti-clockwise angle (?) 1° to 7° with respect to the vertical axis (Y) and continuous with the stem back fill face (14) of the stem root unit (10).
The stem (2) with the stem root unit (10) of the precast segmental retaining wall is assembled with the base trunk unit (3) of the base (1) through cavities of the groutec couplers (16) of the stem root unit (10) which accommodate the extended rods (17) of the base trunk unit (3) which makes whole precast retaining wall. The assembly of the precast retaining wall is made at the site of the construction which decreases laborious work and makes process time effective.
In similar way, at every 100 mm to 300 mm portion of the stem (2) the staggered groutec couplers (16) and the extended rods (17) are provided to make the assembly of the stem (2). The arrangement of the groutec couplers (16) and the corresponding extended rods (17) in the stem (2) are similar to the arrangement of the groutec couplers (16) of the stem root unit (10) and the corresponding extended rods (17) of the base trunk unit (3). In the stem (2), on the front face of the stem (11) side the groutec couplers (16) and the corresponding extended rods (17) are placed in series manner along the length of the T shaped retaining wall axis (Z). The groutec couplers (16) and corresponding extended rods (17) of the stem (2) are placed equidistance. On the back face of the stem (12) side the groutec couplers (16) and the extended rods (17) are placed in alternative manner in two levels along the length of the T shaped retaining wall axis (Z). A lower level and an upper level of the groutec couplers (16) and the corresponding extended rods (17) of the stem (2)are placed equidistance.
The apex surface of the stem (1) has a coping beam (15). The coping beam (15) resists lateral deformation of the retaining wall and maintains alignment during the assembly of the retaining wall. The width (W4) of the apex surface of the stem (1) is 200mm-250mm.
Referring Fig. 4 in accordance with the present invention, dimension proportion of the base (1) width (W0) to a total height (H0) of the T- shaped retaining wall is between 6:10 to 7.5:10. Further, dimension proportion of the base trunk unit (3) width (W2) to total height (H0) of the T- shaped retaining wall is between 1:10 to 1:14.
Further, dimension of the toe (4) thickness (T0) is directly proportional to total height (H0) of the T- shaped retaining wall and dimension of the toe (4) thickness (T0) is 1/8 to 1/12 times of the total height (H0) of the T- shaped retaining wall.
Moreover, dimension of the toe (4) width (W1) is directly proportional to the base (1) width (W0) of the T- shaped retaining wall. The dimension of the toe width (W1) is 1/2 to 1/3 times of the basewidth (W0) of the T- shaped retaining wall. Here, all the dimension of the heel (5) is similar to the dimension of the toe (4) according to present invention.
According to the present invention, the joint provision is provided between the modules of the stem (2) and the base (1) through the groutec coupler (16) and extended rods (17). The joint location height (J1) of the retaining wall is directly proportional to the total height (H0) of the retaining wall and it is 0.25 to 0.4 times of the total height (H0) of the retaining wall from the bottom of base.
According to the present invention, this joint provision is provided in the segments of the stem through the groutec couplers (16) and the extended rods (17) in the stem (1).
The invention is illustrated more in detail in the following example. The example describes and demonstrates embodiment within the scope of the present invention. This example is given solely for the purpose of illustration and is not to be construed as limitations of the present invention, as many variations thereof are possible without departing from the spirit and scope.
In the embodiment of the present invention, total height (H0) of the retaining wall was 9150 mm. The base (1)width (W0) was 6500 mm.
Similarly, Total height (H0) of the T- shaped retaining wall i.e. 9150 mm, the base trunk unit (3) width (W2) was 900mm.
On same total height (H0) of the T- shaped retaining wall that was 9150 mm, the toe thickness (T0) was 1000 mm. As the base (1) width (W0) of the T- shaped retaining wall was 6500 mm, the toe (4) width (W1) was 2800 mm. The heel (5) thickness (T0) and heel (5) width (W3) was 1000 mm and 2800 mm respectively.
Further, total height (H0) of the retaining wall was 9150 mm and the joint location height (J1) was 2650 mm from bottom of base (1).
The present invention provides the lateral support to embankment and resists lateral soil pressure. The T-shaped precast segmental retaining wall structure resist load up to 10 m height and railway loading such as buoyancy force, soil pressure, dead load surcharge, line load surcharge and seismic force.
Further, it is provided with the advance lifting tool and accessories for jointing, transporting and handling. This reduces the time for construction at the site and requires less maintenance. Moreover, due to the design of the present invention, in particular to stem (2), toe (4) and heel (5) portion of the T- shaped segmental precast retaining wall is made economical as the material of concrete required is less as compared to conventional design of the retaining wall.
The invention has been explained in relation to specific embodiment. It is inferred that the foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and it is not intended that the invention be limited or restrictive thereto. Many other specific embodiments of the present invention will be apparent to one skilled in the art from the foregoing disclosure. All substitution, alterations and modification of the present invention which come within the scope of the following claims are to which the present invention is readily susceptible without departing from the spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention should therefore be determined not with reference to the above description but should be determined with reference to appended claims along with full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.
Reference numerals

1. Base
2. Stem
3. Base trunk unit
4. Toe
5. Heel
6. Base front fill face
7. Base back fill face
8. Base toe face
9. Base heel face
10. Stem root unit
11. Front face of stem
12. Back face of stem
13. Stem front fill face
14. Stem back fill face
15. Coping beam
16. Groutec coupler
17. Extended rods
18. Inner rods of stem
X. Horizontal axis
Y. Vertical axis
Z. Length of the T shaped retaining wall axis
G. Ground level
H. Height from the base level of retaining wall
W0. Base width
W1.Width of toe
W2. Width of Base trunk unit
W3.Width of heel
W4. Width of apex
T0. Thickness of toe and heel
T1. Thickness of base heel face and base toe face
J1. Coupling height from the Base
d. Angle of toe and heel with respect to horizontal axis (X)
?. Angle of back face of stem with respect to vertical axis (Y)