Abstract: A thermal dispersion based level sensing apparatus comprises holding tube (2) having top end (3) equipped with terminal head (4), bottom end (6) tightly closed with cap (7), coaxial hollow passage for intromission of first element tube (T1) and second element tube (T2) in longitudinal and diametrically confronting manner to accommodate sensor unit (16), junction box (9) having transmitter being electrically connected to terminal head (4) through fire survival cable (8), and display unit (10) electrically connected to junction box (9). The sensor unit (16) comprises an active probe (P1) having first continuous coiled RTD (R1) with continuous heater (H1) disposed within first element tube (T1) and reference probe (P2) having second continuous coiled RTD (R2) disposed within second element tube (T2). Resistance difference (?R) between first RTD and second RTD continuously changes according to fluid level, which is continuously interpreted into junction box (9) for continuously measuring fluid level.
Field of invention
The present invention relates to a level sensing apparatus and more particularly it relates to a thermal dispersion based leve sensing apparatus for continuously detecting and measuring the fluid level.Background of invention
Fluid level sensing units or fluid level sensors are devices which can measure and detect the fluid level. Said fluid level sensing units play an important role for detecting, sensing and measuring the fluid level in various industries i.e. food processing industry, pharmaceutical industry, chemical industry, water purification system, petroleum industry, chemical & petrochemical industry and many more. Since ancient time, the fluid level sensors are being utilizing for measuring, detecting and sensing the fluid level/depth in various applications.
Since last few decades, the gradual evolution of the fluid level sensors has being carrying out for providing improved alternatives than that of the eisting ones. The fluid level sensors have evolved greatly over time, from the simple and manually monitored fluid level sensors (i.e. float/sending unit combination) to those regulated and controlled by the resistance temperature detector (RTD). Various types of fluid level measuring sensors are known having floats, twisting tubes based on differential pressure, capacitive, etc and these are used in per se known manner and are generally suitable in numerous cases of use.
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In float/sending unit combination; the float, which floats on the fluidʹs surface, is connected via a member i.e. a rod, to a fixed swivel point on the sending unit. The swivel point is in turn connected to a variable resistor within the sending unit. The resistance of the variable resistor varies in response to a change in the position of the swivel point. Because the float rests on the fluids surface, the float moves vertically in response to change in the fluidʹs depth. The change in floatʹs vertical position is transferred to the sending unit’s variable resistor via the member and the swivel point. Consequently, the variable resistors’ resistance changes in response to a change in fluid depth.
However, in float/sending unit combination; the movement of the fluid to be measured may result in inaccurate measurements. Another disadvantage of the float/sending unit combination is that a person is required to adjust the memberʹs length and/or arc in order to calibrate the float/sending unit combination, which very difficult to access in an area i.e. a vehicleʹs fuel tank. Thus, it may be difficult and/or inconvenient to calibrate the float/sending unit combination. Additionally, the movement of the fluid to be measured may exert force on the float/sending unit combination and knock it out of calibration.
Further, as the float/sending unit combination comprises the moving parts which may wear out more quickly than a system which is not having moving pats. Movement of the fluid to be measured may exert a force on the moving parts, which may accelerate their failure. Additionally, the intended
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movement of the parts may be impaired by contaminants in the fluid to be measured. In case, where the fluid depth is not static such as in automobiles and watercraft, the liquid fuel may slosh around inside the fuel tank in response to movement of the automobile or watercraft.
In case of liquid‐containing container, it is often necessary to accurately know the liquid level value. These containers can have different shapes which can be made from different materials and the liquids contained therein can hae a random temperature and can be under a random pressure. However, where the physical quantities vary rapidly, measuring sensors do not always give the desired rapid and precise response. In case of steam‐generating nuclear boilers, the measuring equipments and particularly the level measuring sensors must be able to withstand the varying environmental condtions (temperature, pressure, earthquake, radiation and seismic environments etc), because any earthquake or a fracture of primary circuit may leading to a loss of the primary fluid.
Presently, the conventional RTD based level sensors have become more popular for detecting, sensing and measuring the fluid level/depth. However, such conventional RTD based level sensors do not proved to be more advantageous according to the demand of the present era. One such level sensing unit has been disclosed in US patent US8763455 which requires multiple RTD chips at multiple required lvels for distinct point detection and measurement of the fluid level. Further, the level sensing unit of US8763455 can not work satisfactorily for continuous measurement and
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detection of the fluid level in adverse environmental conditions (i.e. varying temperature, earthquake conditions, radiation and seismic environments).
In conventional level sensors, the RTD chips allows the sensor to detect a single point of the complete level, say if the sensor is placed at 100 meters the level sensor can detect the fluid when it reaches at 100 meters only, the sensor will detect the presence of water below 100 meters, and the said sensor can not detect accurate levels above 100 meters also by using this type of sensor. Further, said level sensors utilize multiple RTD chips for detecting multiple water levels. However, such kind of system substantially involves tedious process and is quite expensive.
Further, the level sensing units of conventional devices utilize electrical contacts to sense a change in conductivity or resistance du to immersion within a conductive liquid. In conventional devices, it is also true that the liquid splashing or rapid movement of the liquid may result in an incorrect liquid level signal. Hence, there is a need becomes imperative to overcome the existing problems of the conventional level sensing devices as described heeinbefore for providing continuous and accurate measurement and detection of the fluid level. Therefore, there is required to provide an improved level sensing unit in order to overcome the existing drawbacks and shortcomings of th conventional level sensing devices.
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Object of invention
The main object of the present invention is to provide a thermal dispersion based level sensing apparatus.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a thermal dispersion based level sensing apparatus for continuous detectin and measurement of fluid level instead of distinct point measurement.
Still, another object of the present invention is to provide a thermal dispersion based level sensing apparatus which is having a loner lifespan, cost‐effective, customizable according to various applications.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a thermal dispersion based level sensing apparatus which can work eve in radiation conditions.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a thermal dispersion based level sensing apparatus which is capable t withstand the earthquake conditions.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a thermal dispersion based level sensing apparatus which is feasible o work in any fluid medium with constant temperature, or even in varying temperature.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a thermal dispersion based level sensing apparatus which is not havin effect of mass flow rate of the fluid.
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Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a thermal dispersion based level sensing apparatus which can overcomethe drawbacks and shortcomings of the prior art level sensing device.
Summary of invention
A thermal dispersion based level sensing apparatus comprises holding tube having top end equipped with terminal head, bottom end tightly closed with cap, coaxial hollow passage for intromission of first element tube and second element tube in longitudinal and diametrically confroting manner to accommodate single sensor unit, electronic junction box having transmitter being electrically connected to terminal head through fire survival cable, and display unit electrically connected to junction box. The sensor unit comprises an active probe having continuous coiled RTD with continuous heater parallelaly disposed within firs element tube T1 and reference probe having continuous coiled RTD disposed within second element tube. Resistance difference between first RTD and second RTD continuously changes according to fluid level, which is continuously interpreted into junction box for continuously measuring fluid level.
Brief description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a thermal dispersion based level sensing apparatus having a partial sectional view of seamless holing tube according to the present invention.
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Fig. 2 illustrates a schematic perspective view of a seamless holding tube of the thermal dispersion based level sensing apparatus ccording to the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows a detailed view of the sensor unit having active probe and reference probe according to the present invention.
Detailed description of invention
The nature of the invention and the manner in which it works is clearly described in the complete specification. The invention has various embodiments and they are clearly described in the following pages of the complete specification. Before explaining the present invention, it is to be understood that the phraseology and terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limittion.
Before explaining the present invention, it is to be understood that the term “RTD” refers to a resistance temperature detector which contains an electrical resistance source, the resistance of which changes depending on temperature of the element itself. This change of resistance with temperature can be measured and used to interpret for detecting the corresponding fluid levels. Said “RTD” is available in many forms such as chips, wire wound elements, grids or continuous coil.
Referring to Fig. 1, a thermal dispersion based level sensing apparatus (1) according to the present invention comprises a seamless holding tube (2), an electronic junction box (9) being an electrically connected to said holding
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tube (2) through an electrical cable (8) at a terminal head (4), a level display unit (10) being electrically and signally connected to the junction box (9) for displaying the fluid level by receiving signal from said electronic junction box (9).
Referring with Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, said seamless holding tube (2) having a top end (3) being equipped with the terminal head (4) through a fastening means (5), a bottom end (6) being tightly closed with a cap (7) through a nut with washer (20) and a circumferential wall defining a coaxial hollow passage for intromission of at least two element tubes (a first element tube T1, a second element tube T2) disposed throughout in longitudinal and diametrically confronting manner to accommodate a single sensor unit (16). The terminal head (4) is electrically connected to said electronic junction box (9) through the electrical cable (8). The electronic junction box (9) is electrically configured to be connected to the display unit (10) and optionally the junction box (9) is electrically connected to a control room (12) for remote monitoring of the fluid level by the operator.
Referring continuous with Fig. 2, the fastening means (5) includes a connector (11), a socket cone (13) and a chuck nut (14) for locking the terminal head (4) through the connector (11). The level display unit (10) is an LED display and the electrical cable (8) is a fire survival cable which is fire resistant and capable to withstand the conflagration condition.
Referring back to Fig. 1, the holding tube (2) is circumferentially outwardly mounted with a flange (15) alongside the top end (3) and includes
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a holding rod (18) centrally disposed throughout within the holding tube (2) and baffles (19) are weldably mounted onto circumferential surface of the holding rod (18) to rigidly hold the element tubes (T1, T2) within the holding tube (2) in longitudinal and diametrically confronting manner.
Further turning onto Fig. 2, a sensing length (L) is the length of the holding tube (2), which is to be immersed into the fluid for the fluid level measurement, which is from the bottom end (6) of the holding tube (2) up to the flange (15) alongside the top end of the holding tube (2).
The holding tube (2), as shown in Fig. 1‐2, further incorporates a number of holes (17) on circumferential surface of the tube (2) along the sensing length (L) to minimize the flow obstruction and to allow the fluid to be remained in physical contact with the element tubes (T1, T2) which helps in increasing the efficiency of the level sensing apparatus (1); and an additional hole (17) is also provided on circumferential surface of the holding tube (2) above the flange (15) to release the steam which is accumulated inside the holding tube (2) at higher temperatures.
Turning now onto Fig.3, the sensor unit (16) comprises a first probe element (P1) disposed within the first element tube (T1) and a second probe element (P2) disposed within the second element tube (T2) such that there is no effect of heating of the active probe (P1) onto the reference probe (P2) and there is a minimum heat transfer between the first probe (P1) and the second probe (P2).
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Before describing the detailed invention, it is to be noted that the first probe (P1) acts as an active probe, and therefore the first probe (P1) hereinafter is termed as “an active probe”; the second probe (P2) acts as a reference probe and therefore the second probe (P2) hereinafter is termed as “a reference probe”.
The active probe (P1) comprises a first RTD element (R1) and a heater (H1) for heating the active probe (P1); and the reference probe (P2) comprises a sole second RTD element (R2). The first RTD element (R1) and the second RTD (R2) are continuous coiled RTDs (R1, R2) having uniform temperature dispersion and the heater (H1) is a continuous heater for continuously heating of the active probe (P1). All connections of the first RTD (R1), the second RTD (R2) and the heater (H1) are terminated into the terminal head (4) through the connector (11); and a means for extension cable is provided in the terminal head (4) for extension and connection up to the control room (12).
Further, the term “ambient temperature (TA)” refers to a temperature of the fluid in which the holding tube (2) of the level sensing apparatus (1) is immersed for continuously measuring and detecting the fluid level. The term “ohm”, hereinafter described, is unit of the resistance of the RTDs (R1, R2) which is indicated as “Ω”.
The junction box (9) comprises an electronic transmitter (power supply of 24V DC and 230V AC) which continuously receives resistance difference between the first RTD element (R1) and the second RTD element (R2) from
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the sensor unit (16), and convert into the signal of 4‐20mA for continuously interpreting as corresponding fluid level in the tank and the same fluid level is displayed onto the dispay unit (10) and also sent to the control room (12).
In operational characteristics, the active probe (P1) is continuously heated by the continuous heater (H1) at a constant temperature in the range of 30°C‐150°C (above an ambient temperature TA), so that there is induced a temperature difference (ΔT=TP1 ‐ TP2) between the active probe (P1) and the reference probe (P2) and said temperature difference (ΔT) increases with increase in temperature of the active probe (P1). Hence, due to heating of the active probe (P1), the resistance (Ω) of the first RTD element (R1) also increases with increase in temperature of the active probe (P1) and also induces a resistance difference (ΔR=RR1‐RR2) between the first RTD element (R1) and the second RTD element (R2). The resistance difference (ΔR=RR1‐RR2) between the first RTD element (R1) and the second RTD element (R2) also increases, because the change in resistance (ΔR) is directly proportional to the change in temperature (ΔT) according to the following formula (I):
ΔR α ΔT ‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐‐ (Formula I)
Now, the temperature difference (ΔT=TP1 ‐ TP2) is maximum when the fluid level is minimum, because the minimum amount of heat is transferred from the active probe (P1) to the surrounding fluid. At this stage, as per the formula (I) described hereinbefore, with increase in temperature difference (ΔT=TP1 ‐ TP2), the resistance difference (ΔR=RR1‐RR2) between the first RTD (R1) and the second RTD (R2) will also maximum. Now, as the water level
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increases, the heat from the active probe (P1) will be gradually dissipated into the surrounding fluid. Hence, the temperature difference (ΔT=TP1 ‐ TP2) decrease and thereby the resistance difference (ΔR=RR1‐RR2) also decrease. Further, the temperature difference (ΔT=TP1 ‐ TP2) is minimum when the fluid level is maximum, because the maximum amount (~99%) of heat is dissipated from the active probe (P1) to the fluid. Said resistance difference (ΔR=RR1‐RR2) is continuously interpreted in the electronic transmitter of the junction box (9) that continuously measure the corresponding fluid level in the tank and the said fluid level is numerically displayed onto thedisplay unit (10).
The present invention is illustrated more in details in the following experimental examples. The example describes and demonstrates the embodiments within the scope of the present invention. This example is given solely for the purpose of illustration and is not to be construed as limitations of the present inventio, as many variations thereof are possible without departing from spirit and scope.
Before exemplifying the experimental results, it is to be noted that the readings (results) of resistance of the first RTD element (R1) and the second RTD element (R2) were taken for the corresponding five levels only. However, it is to be noted that the level sensing apparatus of the present invention measures the fluid level continuously depending onthe resistance difference (ΔR=RR1‐RR2) between the first RTD element (R1) and the second RTD element (R2) according to the alterations in temperature difference (ΔT) between the active probe (P1) and the reference probe (P2).
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Experiment 1:
In the first example, the fluid level detection/measurement was carried out for fluid i.e. a mixture of water 90% and methanol 10% at an ambient temperature of 0°C, in which the active probe (P1) was continuously heated by the continuous heater (H1) at a constant temperature of 150°C, which increases the temperature of active probe (P1) and induces a temperature difference (ΔT=TP1 ‐ TP2) between the active probe (P1) and the reference probe (P2). Due to increase in temperature of the active probe (P1), the resistance of the first RTD element (R1) was also increased and therefore a resistance difference (ΔR=RR1‐RR2) was induced between the first RTD element (R1) and the second RTD element (R2), which was continuously interpreted into the electronic transmitter of the junction box (9) in which the corresponding fluid level was continuously measured and the said fluid level (in percentage %) was continuously numerically displayed onto the display unit (10) according to the alterations in temperature difference (ΔT).
The obtained readings of resistance (Ω) of the first RTD element (R1) and the second RTD element (R1) at an ambient temperature of 0°C in three different tests along with the average resistance (Ω) of the first RTD (R1) and the second RTD (R2) obtained in the said tests have been tabulated in following Table 1. Further, the resistance difference (ΔR=RR1‐RR2) between the average resistance (Ω) of the first RTD (R1) and average resistance of the second RTD (R2) along with the corresponding fluid levels (in percentage %) has been also illustrated in below Table 1.
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Table: 1
Ambient temperature TA= 0°C
Resistance of RTD element (R1) in ohms
Resistance of RTD element (R2) in ohms
Test 1
(RR1)
Test 2
(RR1)
Test 3
(RR1)
Average
RR1
Test 1
(RR2)
Test 2
(RR2)
Test 3
(RR2)
Average
RR2
ΔR
(R R1 ‐ RR2)
Fluid level in %
76.2
76.4
76.3
76.3
35.8
35.7
35.7
35.73
40.56
0
60.61
60.6
60.5
60.57
34.1
34.8
34.6
34.5
26.07
25.70
46.7
46.8
46.6
46.7
33.5
33.9
33.7
33.7
13.00
48.65
41.6
41.5
41.5
41.53
33.3
33.2
33.3
33.26
8.26
77.67
38.8
38.5
38.6
38.63
33.2
32.3
32.6
32.7
5.93
100
Experiment 2:
In the second example, the fluid level detection/measurement was carried out for water at an ambient temperature of 30°C, in which the active probe (P1) was continuously heated by the continuous heater (H1) at a constant temperature of 150°C, which increases the temperature of active probe (P1) and induces temperature difference (ΔT=TP1 ‐ TP2) between the active probe (P1) and the reference probe (P2). Due to increase in temperature of the active probe (P1), the resistance of the first RTD element (R1) was also increased and therefore a resistance difference (ΔR=RR1‐RR2) was induced between the first RTD element (R1) and the second RTD element (R2), which was continuously interpreted into the electronic transmitter of the junction box (9) in which the corresponding fluid level was continuously measured
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and the said fluid level (in percentage %) was continuously numerically displayed onto the display unit (10) according to the alterations in temperature difference (ΔT).
The obtained readings of resistance (Ω) of the first RTD element (R1) and the second RTD element (R1) at an ambient temperature of 30°C in three different tests along with the average resistance (Ω) of the first RTD (R1) and the second (R2) obtained in the said tests have been tabulated in following Table 2. Further, the resistance difference (ΔR=RR1‐RR2) between the average resistance (Ω) of the first RTD (R1) and average resistance of the second RTD (R2) along with the corresponding fluid levels (in percentage %) has been also illustrated in below Table 2.
Table: 2
Ambient temperature TA= 30°C
Resistance of RTD element (R1) in ohms
Resistance of RTD element (R2) in ohms
Test 1
(RR1)
Test 2
(RR1)
Test 3
(RR1)
Average
RR1
Test 1
(RR2)
Test 2
(RR2)
Test 3
(RR2)
Average
RR2
ΔR
(R R1 ‐ RR2)
Fluid level in %
77.3
77.4
76.2
76.96
37.7
37.6
37.7
37.66
39.3
0
61.2
61.4
64.0
62.2
37.7
37.5
37.7
37.63
24.56
26.27
50.9
51.1
51.3
51.1
37.7
37.5
37.6
37.6
13.5
50.52
45.6
45.5
45.6
45.56
37.6
37.5
37.6
37.56
8
71.93
40.6
40.6
40.9
40.7
37.5
37.5
37.5
37.5
3.2
100
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Experiment 3:
In the third example, the fluid level detection/measurement was carried out for water at an ambient temperature of 60°C, in which the active probe (P1) was continuously heated by the continuous heater (H1) at a constant temperature of 150°C, which increases the temperature of active probe (P1) and induces temperature difference (ΔT=TP1 ‐ TP2) between the active probe (P1) and the reference probe (P2). Due to increase in temperature of the active probe (P1), the resistance of the first RTD element (R1) was also increased and therefore a resistance difference (ΔR=RR1‐RR2) was induced between the first RTD element (R1) and the second RTD element (R2), which was continuously interpreted into the electronic transmitter of the junction box (9) in which the corresponding fluid level was continuously measured and the said fluid level (in percentage %) was continuously numerically displayed onto the display unit (10) according to the alterations in temperature difference (ΔT).
The obtained readings of resistance (Ω) of the first RTD element (R1) and the second RTD element (R1) at an ambient temperature of 60°C in three different tests along with the average resistance (Ω) of the first RTD (R1) and the second RTD (R2) obtained in the said tests have been tabulated in following Table 3. Further, the resistance difference (ΔR=RR1‐RR2) between the average resistance (Ω) of the first RTD (R1) and the average resistance of the second RTD (R2) along with the corresponding fluid levels (in percentage %) has been also illustrated in below Table 3.
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Table: 3
Ambient temperature TA= 60°C
Resistance of RTD element (R1) in ohm
Resistance of RTD element (R2) in ohm
Test 1
(RR1)
Test 2
(RR1)
Test 3
(RR1)
Average
RR1
Test 1
(RR2)
Test 2
(RR2)
Test 3
(RR2)
Average
RR2
ΔR
(R R1 ‐ RR2)
Fluid level in %
79.9
80.5
81.0
80.46
40.9
40.6
41.2
40.9
39.56
0
67.1
66.9
67.5
67.16
41.4
41.3
41.5
41.4
25.76
25.13
56.2
56.1
56.5
56.26
41.5
41.8
41.1
41.46
14.8
47.87
49.8
49.4
49.8
49.66
42.2
42.2
42.3
42.23
7.43
77.94
46.7
46.0
46.7
46.46
42.4
42.4
42.5
42.43
4.03
100
Experiment 4:
In the first example, the fluid level detection was carried out for water at an ambient temperature of 80°C, in which the active probe (P1) was continuously heated by the continuous heater (H1) at a constant temperature of 150°C, which increases the temperature of active probe (P1) and induces temperature difference (ΔT=TP1 ‐ TP2) between the active probe (P1) and the reference probe (P2). Due to increase in temperature of the active probe (P1), the resistance of the first RTD element (R1) was also increased and therefore a resistance difference (ΔR=RR1‐RR2) was induced between the first RTD element (R1) and the second RTD element (R2), which was continuously interpreted into the electronic transmitter of the junction box (9) in which the corresponding fluid level was continuously measured and the said fluid level
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(in percentage %) was continuously numerically displayed onto the display unit (10) according to the alterations in temperature difference (ΔT).
The obtained readings of resistance (Ω) of the first RTD element (R1) and the second RTD element (R1) at an ambient temperature of 80°C in three different tests along with the average resistance (Ω) of the first RTD (R1) and the second RTD (R2) obtained in the said tests have been tabulated in following Table 4. Further, the resistance difference (ΔR=RR1‐RR2) between the average resistance (Ω) of the first RTD (R1) and average resistance of the second RTD (R2) along with the corresponding fluid levels (in percentage %) has been also illustrated in below Table 4.
Table: 4
Ambient temperature TA= 80°C
Resistance of RTD element (R1) in ohm
Resistance of RTD element (R2) in ohm
Test 1
(RR1)
Test 2
(RR1)
Test 3
(RR1)
Average
RR1
Test 1
(RR2)
Test 2
(RR2)
Test 3
(RR2)
Average
RR2
ΔR
(R R1 ‐ RR2)
Fluid level in %
83.2
82.5
81.9
82.53
42.8
42.4
42.0
42.4
40.13
0
68.6
68.5
68.1
68.4
43.5
43.6
43.4
43.5
24.9
24.98
58.8
58.2
58.08
58.36
44.6
44.2
44.1
44.3
14.06
48.80
52.7
52.8
52.02
52.50
45.6
44.8
44.9
45.1
7.40
76.53
49.3
49.8
49.2
49.43
45.9
45.7
45.9
45.83
3.60
100
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Experiment 5:
In the first example, the fluid level detection was carried out for silicon oil at an ambient temperature of 120°C, in which the active probe (P1) was continuously heated by the continuous heater (H1) at a constant temperature of 150°C, which increases the temperature of active probe (P1) and induces temperature difference (ΔT=TP1 ‐ TP2) between the active probe (P1) and the reference probe (P2). Due to increase in temperature of the active probe (P1), the resistance of the first RTD element (R1) was also increased and therefore a resistance difference (ΔR=RR1‐RR2) was induced between the first RTD element (R1) and the second RTD element (R2), which was continuously interpreted into the electronic transmitter of the junction box (9) in which the corresponding fluid level was continuously measured and the said fluid level (in percentage %) was continuously numerically displayed onto the display unit (10) according to the alterations in temperature difference (ΔT).
The obtained readings of resistance (Ω) of the first RTD element (R1) and the second RTD element (R1) at an ambient temperature of 120°C in three different tests along with the average resistance (Ω) of the first RTDs (R1) and the second RTD (R2) obtained in the said tests have been tabulated in following Table 5. Further, the resistance difference (ΔR=RR1‐RR2) between the average resistance (Ω) of the first RTD (R1) and average resistance of the second RTD (R2) along with the corresponding fluid levels (in percentage %) has been illustrated in below Table 5.
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Table: 5
Ambient temperature TA= 120°C
Resistance of RTD element (R1) in ohm
Resistance of RTD element (R2) in ohm
Test 1
(RR1)
Test 2
(RR1)
Test 3
(RR1)
Average
RR1
Test 1
(RR2)
Test 2
(RR2)
Test 3
(RR2)
Average
RR2
ΔR
(R R1 ‐ RR2)
Fluid level in %
86.2
87.4
86.2
86.6
44.1
45.3
44.1
44.5
42.1
0
77.5
78.3
76.7
77.5
44.3
45.6
44.8
44.9
32.6
25.25
70.7
70.7
70.1
70.5
44.7
45.4
45.3
45.13
25.36
50.07
63.6
65.0
64.2
64.26
44.6
44.9
45.2
44.9
19.36
75.01
57.8
58.2
57.8
57.93
44.3
43.6
45.4
44.43
13.5
100
From the above obtained experimental data (results) tabulated in tables 1‐5, it can be observed that the fluid level increases with decrease in resistance difference (ΔR=RR1‐RR2) between the first RTD (R1) and the second RTD (R2) and the fluid level decreases with increase in resistance difference (ΔR=RR1‐RR2).
The thermal dispersion based level sensing apparatus of the present invention utilizes a single sensor unit only to detect or masure the fluid level continuously at each and every point (instead of distinct point measurement) for full scale detection depending on the average temperature of the sensor unit which changes with respect to the fluid level. Further, said level sensing apparatus can work even in radiation, seismic environment; and it can also work in any fluid medium with constant or even in varying temperature. Moreover, the level sensing apparatus is capable to withstand earthquake
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conditions and radiation leakage. The level sensing apparatus according to the present invention is having a longer lifespan (up to twenty years), cost effective and customizable as per multiple applications.
The invention has been explained in relation to specific embodiment. It is inferred that the foregoing description is only illustrative of the present invention and it is not intended that the inention be limited or restrictive thereto. Many other specific embodiments of the present invention will be apparent to one skilled in the art from the foregoing disclosre. All substitution, alterations and modification of the present invention which come within the scope of the following claims are to which the preent invention is readily susceptible without departing from the spirit of the invention. The scope of the invention should therefore be determined not with reference to the above description but should be determinedwith reference to appended claims along with full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.
We claim,
1. A thermal dispersion based level sensing apparatus (1) comprising:
a seamless holding tube (2) having a top end (3) equipped with a terminal head (4) through a fastening means (5), a bottom end (6) thereof being tightly closed with a cap (7), a circumferential wall defining a coaxial hollow passage for intromission of a first element tube (T1) and a second element tube (T2) disposed throughout in longitudinal and diametrically confronting manner to accommodate a single sensor unit (16);
an electronic junction box (9) being electrically connected to the terminal head (4) through an electrical cable (8);
a level display unit (10) being electrically and signally connected to the junction box (9) for displaying the fluid level by receiving signal from said electronic junction box (9);
characterized in that,
said holding tube (2) is outwardly circumferentially mounted with a flange (15) alongside the top end (3) that define a sensing length (L) between the flange (15) and the bottom end (6) of the holding tube (2),
said holding tube (2) includes a holding rod (18) centrally disposed throughout within the holding tube (2) and baffles (19) weldably mounted onto circumferential surface of the holding rod (18) to rigidly hold the
23
element tubes (T1, T2) within the holding tube (2) in longitudinal and diametrically confronting manner,
said sensor unit (16) having an active probe (P1) disposed throughout within the first element tube (T1) and a reference probe (P2) disposed throughout within the second element tube (T2),
said active probe (P1) having a first RTD element (R1) and a heater (H1) parallely disposed throughout within the first element tube (T1); and the reference probe (P2) having a sole second RTD element (R2),
said electronic junction box (9) having an electronic transmitter being configured to continuously receive the resistance difference (ΔR=RR1‐RR2) between the first RTD element (R1) and the second RTD (R2) from the sensing unit (16) and convert into the signal of 4‐20mA.
2. The thermal dispersion based level sensing apparatus (1) as claimed in claim 1 wherein said first RTD element (R1) and second RTD element (R2) is a continuous coiled RTD having uniform temperature dispersion.
3. The thermal dispersion based level sensing apparatus (1) as claimed in claim 1 wherein said heater (H1) is a continuous heater being configured for continuous heating of the active probe (P1).
4. The thermal dispersion based level sensing apparatus (1) as claimed in claim 1 wherein said electrical cable (8) is a fire survival cable being capable to withstand the conflagration condition.
24
5. The thermal dispersion based level sensing apparatus (1) as claimed in claim 1 wherein the fastening means (5) includes a connector (11), a socket cone (13) and a chuck nut (14) for locking the terminal head (4) through the connector (11).
6. The thermal dispersion based level sensing apparatus (1) as claimed in claim 1 wherein the holding tube (2) includes a number of holes (17) on circumferential surface of the tube (2) along the sensing length (L) that minimizes the flow obstruction and allow the fluid to be remained in physical contact with the element tubes (T1, T2) to increase the efficiency of the level sensing apparatus (1); and an additional hole (17) on circumferential surface of the holding tube (2) above the flange (15) to release the steam accumulated inside the holding tube (2) at higher temperatures.
7. The thermal dispersion based level sensing apparatus (1) as claimed in claim 1 wherein the bottom end (6) of the holding tube (2) is tightly closed with the cap (7) through a nut with washer (20).
8. A method for continuous measuring of fluid level comprising following steps:
a)
immersing sensing length (L) of the holding tube (2) into the fluid for which the level is to be measured or detected;
b)
continuously heating of the active probe (P1) by the continuous heater (H1) at a constant temperature in the range of 30°C‐150°C to induce a temperature difference (ΔT=TP1 ‐ TP2) between the active probe (P1) and
25
the reference probe (P2) and thereby inducing a resistance difference (ΔR=RR1‐RR2) between the first RTD element (R1) and the second RTD element (R2);
c)
continuously receiving an input of resistance difference (ΔR=RR1‐RR2) between the first RTD element (R1) and the second RTD element (R2) from the sensor unit (16) in the electronic transmitter of the junction box (9);
d)
continuously and automatically interpreting said input obtained in step (c) into the electronic transmitter for continuously measuring of the fluid level;
e)
displaying of fluid level being measured in step (d) onto the level display unit (10).
| Section | Controller | Decision Date |
|---|---|---|
| # | Name | Date |
|---|---|---|
| 1 | 201911003152-IntimationOfGrant06-03-2024.pdf | 2024-03-06 |
| 1 | 201911003152-STATEMENT OF UNDERTAKING (FORM 3) [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 2 | 201911003152-PatentCertificate06-03-2024.pdf | 2024-03-06 |
| 2 | 201911003152-REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION (FORM-18) [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 3 | 201911003152-REQUEST FOR EARLY PUBLICATION(FORM-9) [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 3 | 201911003152-Annexure [05-03-2024(online)].pdf | 2024-03-05 |
| 4 | 201911003152-Written submissions and relevant documents [05-03-2024(online)].pdf | 2024-03-05 |
| 4 | 201911003152-PROOF OF RIGHT [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 5 | 201911003152-POWER OF AUTHORITY [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 5 | 201911003152-FORM-26 [20-02-2024(online)].pdf | 2024-02-20 |
| 6 | 201911003152-FORM-9 [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 6 | 201911003152-Correspondence to notify the Controller [16-02-2024(online)].pdf | 2024-02-16 |
| 7 | 201911003152-US(14)-HearingNotice-(HearingDate-20-02-2024).pdf | 2024-01-25 |
| 7 | 201911003152-FORM FOR SMALL ENTITY(FORM-28) [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 8 | 201911003152-FORM FOR SMALL ENTITY [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 8 | 201911003152-CLAIMS [12-04-2022(online)].pdf | 2022-04-12 |
| 9 | 201911003152-FER_SER_REPLY [12-04-2022(online)].pdf | 2022-04-12 |
| 9 | 201911003152-FORM 18 [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 10 | 201911003152-FORM 1 [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 10 | 201911003152-OTHERS [12-04-2022(online)].pdf | 2022-04-12 |
| 11 | 201911003152-FER.pdf | 2021-10-18 |
| 11 | 201911003152-FIGURE OF ABSTRACT [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 12 | 201911003152-EVIDENCE FOR REGISTRATION UNDER SSI(FORM-28) [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 12 | abstract.jpg | 2019-03-07 |
| 13 | 201911003152-Correspondence-050219.pdf | 2019-02-07 |
| 13 | 201911003152-EVIDENCE FOR REGISTRATION UNDER SSI [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 14 | 201911003152-DRAWINGS [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 14 | 201911003152-Form 5-050219.pdf | 2019-02-07 |
| 15 | 201911003152-DECLARATION OF INVENTORSHIP (FORM 5) [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 15 | 201911003152-OTHERS-050219.pdf | 2019-02-07 |
| 16 | 201911003152-COMPLETE SPECIFICATION [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 16 | 201911003152-Power of Attorney-050219.pdf | 2019-02-07 |
| 17 | 201911003152-FORM-26 [26-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-26 |
| 17 | 201911003152-ENDORSEMENT BY INVENTORS [28-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-28 |
| 18 | 201911003152-EVIDENCE FOR REGISTRATION UNDER SSI [28-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-28 |
| 18 | 201911003152-Proof of Right (MANDATORY) [28-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-28 |
| 19 | 201911003152-FORM 3 [28-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-28 |
| 19 | 201911003152-FORM FOR SMALL ENTITY [28-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-28 |
| 20 | 201911003152-FORM 3 [28-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-28 |
| 20 | 201911003152-FORM FOR SMALL ENTITY [28-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-28 |
| 21 | 201911003152-EVIDENCE FOR REGISTRATION UNDER SSI [28-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-28 |
| 21 | 201911003152-Proof of Right (MANDATORY) [28-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-28 |
| 22 | 201911003152-ENDORSEMENT BY INVENTORS [28-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-28 |
| 22 | 201911003152-FORM-26 [26-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-26 |
| 23 | 201911003152-COMPLETE SPECIFICATION [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 23 | 201911003152-Power of Attorney-050219.pdf | 2019-02-07 |
| 24 | 201911003152-OTHERS-050219.pdf | 2019-02-07 |
| 24 | 201911003152-DECLARATION OF INVENTORSHIP (FORM 5) [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 25 | 201911003152-DRAWINGS [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 25 | 201911003152-Form 5-050219.pdf | 2019-02-07 |
| 26 | 201911003152-Correspondence-050219.pdf | 2019-02-07 |
| 26 | 201911003152-EVIDENCE FOR REGISTRATION UNDER SSI [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 27 | 201911003152-EVIDENCE FOR REGISTRATION UNDER SSI(FORM-28) [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 27 | abstract.jpg | 2019-03-07 |
| 28 | 201911003152-FER.pdf | 2021-10-18 |
| 28 | 201911003152-FIGURE OF ABSTRACT [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 29 | 201911003152-FORM 1 [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 29 | 201911003152-OTHERS [12-04-2022(online)].pdf | 2022-04-12 |
| 30 | 201911003152-FER_SER_REPLY [12-04-2022(online)].pdf | 2022-04-12 |
| 30 | 201911003152-FORM 18 [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 31 | 201911003152-FORM FOR SMALL ENTITY [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 31 | 201911003152-CLAIMS [12-04-2022(online)].pdf | 2022-04-12 |
| 32 | 201911003152-US(14)-HearingNotice-(HearingDate-20-02-2024).pdf | 2024-01-25 |
| 32 | 201911003152-FORM FOR SMALL ENTITY(FORM-28) [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 33 | 201911003152-FORM-9 [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 33 | 201911003152-Correspondence to notify the Controller [16-02-2024(online)].pdf | 2024-02-16 |
| 34 | 201911003152-POWER OF AUTHORITY [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 34 | 201911003152-FORM-26 [20-02-2024(online)].pdf | 2024-02-20 |
| 35 | 201911003152-Written submissions and relevant documents [05-03-2024(online)].pdf | 2024-03-05 |
| 35 | 201911003152-PROOF OF RIGHT [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 36 | 201911003152-REQUEST FOR EARLY PUBLICATION(FORM-9) [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 36 | 201911003152-Annexure [05-03-2024(online)].pdf | 2024-03-05 |
| 37 | 201911003152-PatentCertificate06-03-2024.pdf | 2024-03-06 |
| 37 | 201911003152-REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION (FORM-18) [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 38 | 201911003152-IntimationOfGrant06-03-2024.pdf | 2024-03-06 |
| 38 | 201911003152-STATEMENT OF UNDERTAKING (FORM 3) [25-01-2019(online)].pdf | 2019-01-25 |
| 1 | SS_201911003152_thermal_dispersion_senseE_12-10-2021.pdf |