Claims:WE CLAIM:
1. A three phase regulator rectifier device for two wheeler battery charging application, adapted to rectify an alternating current output of a rotary power generating member and simultaneously supplying said rectified current for energizing the connected electrical components of the two wheeler and applying a defined potential difference between terminals of lead acid battery to maintain the battery in a charged state, said device comprising a programmable semiconductor circuit connected to
(i) a magnetohaving plurality of stationary coils annularly positioned around magnetic flux of rotary member, said coils interconnected in sets of three so as to induce electromagnetic force alternating from positive to negative in each of the three sets in a phased manner;
(ii) a feedback and control circuit adapted to sense varying energy load of electrical components so as to intermittently maintain a pre-set steady state potential difference between said battery terminals;
wherein said programmable semiconductor circuit is adapted to modify said induced electromagnetic force from an alternating to a steady state in each of said three set of coils of magneto and supplying rectified current to electrical components and applying required potential difference between terminals of lead acid battery.
2. The three phase regulator rectifier device for two wheeler battery charging application as claimed in claim 1, wherein the semiconductor circuits comprises of zero crossing detector, NAND Logic and MOSFET gate driver.

3.The three phase regulator rectifier device for two wheeler battery charging application as claimed in claim 1, wherein the semiconductor circuit is connected between the stationary coils of rotary power generating members and the battery of the vehicle system with or without fuse links in between.

4. The three phase regulator rectifier device for two wheeler battery charging application as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feedback and control circuit receives the feedback from battery and electrical components.

5.The three phase regulator rectifier device for two wheeler battery charging application as claimed in claim 1, wherein the feedback and control circuit is connected to NAND Logic which control logic sense of the phase input for electrical components and battery voltage feedback and compare and gives signal to MOSFET gate driver.
, Description:FORM 2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
(39 of 1970)
&
The Patents Rules, 2003
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See section 10 and rule 13)

TITLE OF THE INVENTION:
A three phase regulator rectifier for automotive battery charging and control application

APPLICANT:
(a) NAME: STAR ENGINEERS INDIA PRIVATE LIMITED
(b) NATIONALITY: Indian
(c) ADDRESS: GAT No. 67/68 JYOTIBA NAGAR, TALAWADE, PUNE - 412114

PREAMBLE TO THE DESCRIPTION:
The following specification particularly describes the invention and the manner in which it is to be performed.

A THREE PHASE REGULATOR RECTIFIER FOR AUTOMOTIVE BATTERY CHARGING AND CONTROL APPLICATION

TECHNICAL FIELD OF INVENTION
The invention relates to battery charging system used in two wheeled vehicle. In particular, this invention relates to a three phase regulator rectifier adapted to regulate voltage when connected in a series configuration or alternatively in a shunt configuration of a two wheeled vehicle.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
A voltage regulator is an essential part of a vehicle charging system, for keeping a lead acid battery in a charged condition and also to supply the energy requirements of the vehicle when the engine is running. Typically when the engine is at stand still the lead acid battery connected to the electrical circuit of a two wheeler supplies the electrical demands. Older version of two wheelers where invariably of “Kick start” type, requiring a manual and forced rotation of the crank shaft to induce engine start. This rotation also energizesa direct current generator or magneto (a small dynamo with a secondary winding that produces a high voltage) enabling a spark to jump between the poles of a spark plug in a gasoline engine.
The modern two wheelers invariably have a “self-start “system having a starter motor for starting the vehicle. Also modern two wheelers use an alternator having permanent magneto rotors, to produce alternating current, as it is more rugged and maintenance free as compared to a generator producing direct current.
The voltage regulator includes a feedback and control circuitry for varying output voltage of the alternator in accordance to the load changes of the vehicle’s electrical components such as lights, signal system, horns and engine control systems. The load conditions vary considerably in twilight mode and night mode. The voltage regulator also includes a power rectification circuit connected to the feedback and control circuitry. The feedback and control circuitry changes the duty cycle of the generator or alternator by increasing or decreasing the power output of the rectification circuit in a predetermined manner based on monitored load changes. The feedback and control circuitry comprises of integrated semiconductor devices which has circuits adapted to sense continuously variable physical quantity and magnitudes in discrete units of a physical quantity. These circuits can be configured by programming the integrated semiconductor device.
A battery charging systems consists broadly of the following components:
1. Three phase regulator systems
2. Shunt (short) type
3. SCR based / MOSFET based / IGBT based power rectification systems.
A suitable combination of the above components is selected, to meet the needs of battery charging and energizing system. Depending on the electrical design of the vehicle two or more of the above components are used in an automotive battery charging system for motorcycles. The output of the power rectification circuit is controlled in accordance to the load changes of the vehicle’s electrical components by the feedback and control circuitry for meeting the instantaneous electrical loads in either alternating or direct current modes and also apply a constant voltage difference across the terminals of the lead acid battery in direct current mode.
Typically two wheeler regulator rectifiers are designed to rectify the alternating current output of the alternator into a DC voltage of 14.5 volts and feed the regulated voltage to the battery whenever the voltage across the battery terminals falls below the designated voltage.
US patent 4,659,977 discloses a microprocessor-based electronic voltage regulation system for controlling the charging of the battery in a vehicle. The conventional voltage regulator is eliminated and the microprocessor of the engine control unit (ECU) is used to regulate the output of the alternator. The battery temperature signal from a temperature transducer and a battery voltage signal from a sense line connected directly to the positive terminal of the battery are supplied to the microprocessor through an analog-to-digital converter. The temperature signals are used to select a desired set point voltage for charging the battery based on relationship between battery temperature and desired battery voltage with pre-set maximum and minimum voltage set point levels. Excitation current supplied to the rotor winding is controlled in accordance with a comparison between the desired set point voltage and the battery voltage signal by a control signal generated by the microprocessor using a power switching circuit. Other input to the ECU includes vehicle deceleration, throttle position, and engine RPM and elapsed time since ignition. These inputs are further processed to modify the desired voltage set point or modify engine RPM in accordance with driving conditions. Over-current protection for the logic circuitry and improved diagnostic capabilities are also provided.
This type of system for battery charging using a microprocessor is not a stand – alone system and is dedicated for specific application and will have to custom designed and built for different vehicles. Also it will necessarily involve many discrete circuits and components, making the unit very expensive. Any failure of a component of the system will affects the overall performance. In such a system fault tracing will be time consuming and will have to be carried out by trained and skilled personnel.
Thus, there is a need for a device that is adapted to carry out battery charging operation in an automotive two wheeler application which overcomes the problems hitherto encountered in the prior art devices.

OBJECTS OF THE PRESENT INVENTION
One of the object of the present invention is to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art battery charging systems by using the integrated hardware programmable semiconductor device.
Yet another object of the present invention is to reduce the number of discrete components used in the prior art for battery charging controls.
Yet another object of the present invention is to improve the operating performance of battery charging system by using fast switching concept compare to the prior art.
Yet another object of the present invention is to reduce the output spike present in the battery charging system output and thereby improving the efficiency of load regulations.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a compact circuit solution based on logic gates which are digitally controlled and highly reliable in performance compare to the prior art.
Yet another object of the present invention is to improve the signal conditioningprocess and timely response to the drive circuit of the battery charging system compare to the prior art.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a compact circuit design to ease manufacturing process and to improve the reliability of the product compare to the prior art.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide a simplified logic circuitry for the last stage of the control circuit for battery charging control system.
Yet another object of this invention is to provide a regulator rectifier, for battery charging function using as alternator, that is adapted to function even in adverse atmospheric conditions and in inclement weather.
Yet another object of this invention is to provide a regulator rectifier, for battery charging function using an alternator, that is free from wear and tear of the components and adapted to function accurately repeatedly.
Yet another object of this invention is to provide a regulator rectifier, for battery charging function using as alternator, that can function even at high ambient temperatures.
Yet another object of this invention is to provide a regulator rectifier, for battery charging function using an alternator, that is easy to install.
Yet another object of this invention is to provide a regulator rectifier, for battery charging function using an alternator, which does not require periodic servicing or maintenance to be carried out.

SUMMARY OF INVENTION
According to this invention there is provided a three phase regulator rectifier device for two wheeler battery charging application, adapted to rectify an alternating current output of a rotary power generating member and simultaneously supplying said rectified current for energizing the connected electrical components of the two wheeler and applying a defined potential difference between terminals of lead acid battery to maintain the battery in a charged state, said device comprising a programmable semiconductor circuit connected to
(i) a magnetohaving plurality of stationary coils annularly positioned around magnetic flux of rotary member, said coils interconnected in sets of three so as to induce electromagnetic force alternating from positive to negative in each of the three sets in a phased manner;
(ii) a feedback and control circuit adapted to sense varying energy load of electrical components so as to intermittently maintain a pre-set steady state potential difference between said battery terminals;
wherein said programmable semiconductor circuit is adapted to modify said induced electromagnetic force from an alternating to a steady state in each of said three set of coils of magneto and supplying rectified current to electrical components and applying required potential difference between terminals of lead acid battery.

BRIEF DISCRIPTION OF ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS
All aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent with the description of the preferred non limiting embodiment, when read together with the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 is the basic working diagram of conventional battery charging function of an automotive vehicle using an alternator;
Figure 2 is the topology description for a battery charging system;
Figure 3 is the topology scheme for the shunt regulator defines in the present invention;
Figure 4 is the topology scheme for the complete control system for the battery charging system;
Figure 5 is the topology of the control circuit for the battery charging system.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION
The present invention is about a three phase regulator rectifier which is for controlling battery charging system of two wheeler motorized vehicles.

More specifically, present invention provides a three phase regulator rectifier device for two wheeler battery charging application, adapted to rectify an alternating current output of a rotary power generating member and simultaneously supplying said rectified current for energizing the connected electrical components of the two wheeler and applying a defined potential difference between terminals of lead acid battery to maintain the battery in a charged state, said device comprising a programmable semiconductor circuit connected to
(i) a magnetohaving plurality of stationary coils annularly positioned around magnetic flux of rotary member, said coils interconnected in sets of three so as to induce electromagnetic force alternating from positive to negative in each of the three sets in a phased manner;
(ii) a feedback and control circuit adapted to sense varying energy load of electrical components so as to intermittently maintain a pre-set steady state potential difference between said battery terminals;
wherein said programmable semiconductor circuit is adapted to modify said induced electromagnetic force from an alternating to a steady state in each of said three set of coils of magneto and supplying rectified current to electrical components and applying required potential difference between terminals of lead acid battery.

A semiconductor programmable circuit of present invention is used for regulation of voltage which does not put extra load on ECU (engine control unit) for regulating the voltage out of alternator. Alternating current is converted into direct current with help of semiconductor circuitwhich helps in linear and unidirectional current flow from alternator to battery. This circuit is programmable to sync with the feedback and control circuit.

The feedback and control circuitry work in combination to provide controlled output of semiconductor circuitand they also help in apply constant voltage difference between the terminals of battery in instantaneous load situations.

There semiconductor circuit is adapted to work along with modifying induced electromagnetic forces which may be in alternating state or steady state. Feedback system senses all the voltage requirements of the lead battery system and provides required current in steady state even if input voltage is low. The semiconductor programmable circuit is connected between the stationery part of power generating unit and battery which reduces the components required for monitoring and functioning of battery system.

Operation:
Power Supply: -Variable magneto voltage which is coming from magneto is control by the power supply and gives constant voltage to controller and internal circuit component.
Battery feedback Circuit: - This circuit senses the battery voltage along with the presence of battery and gives the input to phase control circuit.
Phase control circuit: - Phase control circuit consist of Zero crossing detector, NAND based logic and MOSFET gate driver. Magneto phase signal is given to zero crossing detectors which will gives the phase input to NAND control logic. NAND control logic sense of the phase input for electrical components and battery voltage feedback and compare and gives signal to MOSFET gate driver.

MOSFET Bridge: - MOSFET Bridge converts ac input coming from magneto to rectified DC output. Based upon gate signal received from gate driver it will control the battery output voltage as per requirement.

The present invention provides efficient and easy to manufacture circuit system for battery charging system. It works without any discreet components required to perform monitoring tasks and do not need any microprocessor to control the whole system. It also controls the output spikes which may lead to damaged battery due to transfer of excess voltage during higher RPM and engine speed. The ZCD used in system keeps altering the current signs for constant and efficient transfer of current. Fast switching concept is used for better and quicker battery charging and for varying loads.
In general present invention provides a programmable semiconductor device which replaces expensive microprocessors and enhances the efficiency of battery charging system which does not require any additional power module with high current circuitry and many active discreet components for sensing and monitoring different aspects of charging system. The components such as NAND logic are chosen for implementing all the types of Boolean logics required for circuit. MOSFET driver regulates and rectifies the current flow from magneto generator to the battery. Component count is minimized in present invention for better manufacturing and lower maintenance cost of battery system in two wheeler motorized vehicles.
While the above description constitutes the preferred embodiment of the invention, it will be appreciated that the invention is susceptible to modification, variation and change without departing from the proper scope of fair meaning of the accompanying claims.