FIELD OF INVENTION
[01] The present disclosure relates to purifying water and monitoring quality of water. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to a vessel and related method for providing clean water and allowing widespread monitoring of analytes through analysis of purification adsorbent.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
[02] It is known that world faces an immense problem in the provision of clean water. An estimated 844 million people lack access to an improved source of water. Further, it is estimated that water pollution is the second leading cause of pollution related death worldwide, having caused an estimated 2 million deaths in the year 2015. Clearly, there is a need for cost effective technologies that purify, test and/or deliver potable water.
[03] Generally, safety of drinking water is assessed by its physical, chemical and microbial content. In addition to having minimal amounts of suspended solids, water suitable for consumption must be pathogen free and contain low levels of toxic chemicals. Priority parameters for determining water quality include a set of basic common parameters (such as coliform bacteria, turbidity, hardness, fluoride and nitrate) and can additionally include a location specific set of contaminants, depending on the known contamination issues in the region (i.e. arsenic in the Ganges delta). Water quality monitoring of chemical, physical and microbial contaminants is essential to identification of safe water sources, remediation of contaminated sources, understanding outbreaks of disease and increasing the awareness of water issues. In most places around the world, this monitoring is laboratory based and supplemented by field-testing kits where appropriate.

[04] Currently, output water from the purification systems is monitored using field test kits, traditional liquid sampling methods or in-line sensors. However, traditional liquid sampling is time-intensive and involves the transport of large volume, specifically preserved water samples. The field test kits and in-line sensors do not exist for all relevant parameters and can have issues with accuracy and sensitivity. Additionally, in-line sensors use energy and are prone to fouling and breakage. Many water purification methods, such as reverse osmosis (RO) and electro dialysis, require recurring maintenance, are prone to fouling and remove all ions from water, even those that are advantageous to human health.
[05] Several methods were disclosed in the past for measuring or monitoring contaminants in water. One such example is disclosed in a United States patent application 20170322127, titled "System and method for preservation, transport, and analysis of water samples". US20170322127A1 discloses that a device for collecting contaminants from water samples is provided. The device includes a solid sorbent that collects and stores the contaminants from water samples. The solid sorbent is configured to allow for the preservation of the stored contaminants. The concentrations of the contaminants in the water samples are determined via analysis of the solid sorbent or via elution of the stored contaminants from the sorbent and analysis of the eluate solution.
[06] Another example is disclosed in a United States granted patent 7514006, titled "Field water purification system". US7514006B1 discloses a lightweight water treatment system, which can be easily distributed and employed by disaster survivors for treating locally available water sources. The lightweight water treatment system includes a water treatment agent for treating a predetermined volume of water collected from a local water source; a collapsible elongated container for collecting the predetermined volume of water; one or more straps to transport the collapsible elongated container to a suitable location for treating the collected water with the water treatment agent and a spigot for controllably releasing the treated water.

[07] However, due to several challenges, the current system of water quality monitoring fails to adequately test for many harmful pollutants that exist at the trace level, including heavy metals, arsenic and pesticides. There are no commercially available field-testing kits that can quantify trace contaminants safely and accurately at the necessary low level (<100 micrograms/milliliter (ug/mL)). The absence of field-testing kits and challenges in sampling leads to a lack of trace contaminant monitoring.
[08] Therefore, there is a need in the art to address challenges in both water availability and water quality monitoring.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[09] It is one of the main objects of the present invention to provide a vessel and a method for purifying water and monitoring quality of water and that overcomes problems of the prior art.
[010] It is one object of the present invention to provide a single device that can purify and monitor water contaminants and have applications in supply of trace contaminants such as arsenic and heavy metals, fluoride, etc. free water where simple, cost-effective solutions for their removal.
[011] It is one object of the present invention to provide a single device (vessel) that can facilitate water quality monitoring by creating the sampling technology that enable dry sample preservation of micro pollutants in water samples, and facilitate easy ambient-temperature shipping, storage, and rapid processing at centralized laboratories.
[012] It is one object of the present invention to provide a device/vessel that provides clean water and allows for widespread monitoring of analytes through subsequent analysis of the purification sorbent.

[013] It is one object of the present invention to provide a device/vessel that improves the ease and reach of water quality monitoring, generating data that can facilitate interventions and improve the ability of the regulatory machinery or community in dealing with source-level contamination.
[014] In order to achieve one or more of the above objects, the present invention provides a vessel containing a sorbent capable of removing chemical or biological analytes from water. The vessel is filled with water from a source and is exposed to the water for sufficient time in order to ensure that the analytes are removed from the water onto the sorbent. The resulting water is suitable for consumption and can either be used directly from the vessel or poured into another, clean container for use. Analytes are retained on the sorbent material, which is capable of preserving the adsorbed analytes for future analysis.
[015] After use, the vessel is sent to a Centralized Vessel Monitoring and Recycling System (CVMRS), at which the vessel is filled with a suitable liquid solution to remove the analyte from the sorbent. This both yields a solution that can be analyzed using laboratory instrumentation in order to determine the analyte concentration in the original water sample, as well as regenerates the vessel. The recycled vessel is then put back into service and sent out subsequently until the number of vessels uses reaches a critical number determined by when the sorbent no longer reliably removes analytes. Data generated from analysis of the elution solution can be uploaded to a central database, or reported to the customer, or given to regulatory bodies for policy making or remediation efforts or used internally to adjust the amount and type of sorbent in the vessel for more efficient and effective future use.
[016] In one advantageous feature of the present invention, a single device/vessel is used to both purify and monitor trace contamination in water.

This enables to efficiently collect large amounts of data, as well as cost effectively provide water to large fractions of the population.
[017] The foregoing and additional features and advantages of the invention will be more readily apparent from the following detailed description, which precedes with reference to the accompanying drawings.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[018] Illustrative embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures which are incorporated by reference herein and wherein:
[019] FIG. 1 illustrates an environment of vessels used for purifying water and monitoring quality of water, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
[020] FIGS. 2A and 2B illustrate a top perspective view and a front view, respectively of a vessel, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
[021] FIG. 3 illustrates a method of purifying water in the vessel, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention; and
[022] FIG. 4 illustrates a method of monitoring quality of water at a Centralized Vessel Monitoring and Recycling System (CVMRS), in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[023] The detailed description set forth below in connection with the appended drawings is intended as a description of exemplary embodiments in which the presently disclosed subject matter can be practiced. The term "exemplary" used throughout this description means "serving as an example, instance, or

illustration," and should not necessarily be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments. The detailed description includes specific details for providing a thorough understanding of the presently disclosed method and system. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the presently disclosed subject matter may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in functional or conceptual diagram form in order to avoid obscuring the concepts of the presently disclosed vessel.
[024] In the present specification, an embodiment showing a singular component should not be considered limiting. Rather, the subject matter preferably encompasses other embodiments including a plurality of the same component, and vice-versa, unless explicitly stated otherwise herein. Moreover, the applicant does not intend for any term in the specification or claims to be ascribed an uncommon or special meaning unless explicitly set forth as such. Further, the present subject matter encompasses present and future known equivalents to the known components referred to herein by way of illustration.
[025] Although the present disclosure provides a description of a vessel, it should be understood that the description is by way of example only and is not to be construed in a limiting sense. It is to be further understood that numerous changes may arise in the details of the embodiments of this vessel. It is contemplated that all such changes and additional embodiments are within the spirit and true scope of this disclosure.
[026] The following detailed description is merely exemplary in nature and is not intended to limit the described embodiments or the application and uses of the described embodiments. As used herein, the word "exemplary" or "illustrative" means "serving as an example, instance, or illustration." Any implementation described herein as "exemplary" or "illustrative" is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other implementations. All of the implementations described below are exemplary implementations provided to

enable persons skilled in the art to make or use the embodiments of the disclosure and are not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure, which is defined by the claims.
[027] For purposes of description herein, the terms "upper," "lower," "left," "rear," "right," "front," "vertical," "horizontal," and derivatives thereof shall relate to the invention as oriented in FIG. 1. Furthermore, there is no intention to be bound by any expressed or implied theory presented in the preceding technical field, background, brief summary or the following detailed description. It is also to be understood that the specific devices and processes illustrated in the attached drawings, and described in the following specification, are simply exemplary embodiments of the inventive concepts defined in the appended claims. Hence, specific dimensions and other physical characteristics relating to the embodiments disclosed herein are not to be considered as limiting, unless the claims expressly state otherwise.
[028] The present invention discloses a vessel and a method for purifying water and monitoring quality of water. The vessel comprises a housing for storing water. The vessel comprises an opening for filling and emptying water from the housing. The vessel comprises a sorbent provided in the housing. The sorbent is exposed to water for adsorption of the analytes onto the sorbent for removing chemical or biological analytes from water. Water free of analytes is emptied through the opening while retaining the sorbent in the housing. Further, the vessel is filled with a solution to remove the analytes from the sorbent for recycling the vessel. Further, concentration of the analytes in the solution is analyzed for monitoring quality of water.
[029] Various features and embodiments of a vessel and a method for purifying water and monitoring quality of water are explained in conjunction with the description of FIGS 1-4.

[030] Referring to FIG. 1, an environment 100 in which a vessel or container 110 for purifying water and monitoring quality of water is implemented is shown, in accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure. In the current embodiment, the environment 100 may comprise a plurality of vessels such as a first vessel 110. 1, a second vessel 110. 2, a third vessel 110. 3 and so on. For ease of reference, each of the plurality of vessels is referred as vessel 110 in the following description. As can be seen in FIG. 1, the vessel 110 is in communication/association with a Centralized Vessel Monitoring and Recycling System (CVMRS) 120 for cleaning or recycling the vessel 110. Further, the CVMRS 120 is in communication with a server/database 130.
[031] The vessel or container 110 may include a rigid or collapsible structure made up of a variety of materials such as polymer, plastic, metal and so on. Referring to FIGS. 2A and 2B, a top perspective and a front view, respectively of the vessel 110 is shown. In FIGS. 2A and 2B, the vessel 110 made up of collapsible structure is shown, in accordance with one exemplary embodiment of the present embodiment. Other examples of vessel 110 may include, but not limited to bottles, tin, containers, and the like. Considering that the vessel 110 includes a collapsible structure, the vessel 110 may comprise a housing 112 made up of polymer material. The housing 110 is collapsible in that the vessel 110 can be folded for easy transport when not in use. The housing 112 comprises an opening or neck 114 for filling up and emptying water, desorption solution and cleaning solution from the housing 112. In one example, the opening 114 might be configured to reseal itself. In another example, the opening 114 might be provided with a cap (not shown) for closing the opening 114 for ensuring that the water, the desorption solution and the cleaning solution are retained in the housing 114 when closed. In one implementation, the cap might be sealed using a screw or snap fit (press fit) mechanisms.
[032] In one example, each of the vessels 110 might be provided with a unique identification code such as barcodes, QWERTY codes, Radio-frequency

identification (RFID) tags or any other identification tags for easy identification. Such identification codes may be used in conjunction with mobile phones or other GPS systems and the like to tag the location of the water samples. Additionally, each of the vessels 110 might be labeled with a special message to improve awareness of water quality and water access or reminders to the users. For example the message may include information corresponding to how to use, and how and when to return the vessel for cleaning/recycling etc.
[033] In accordance with the present invention, each of the vessels 110 is provided with a sorbent (not shown) or resin capable of removing chemical or biological analytes from water. Examples of the sorbent include, but not limited to, cellulose (including filter paper) and surface functionalized cellulose, biomass waste material, synthetic polymers such as polyamide, polyacrylonitrile and polyacrylamide, ion exchange resins, functionalized synthetic polymers (i.e. sulfonated divinylbenzene, aminated polystyrene or another polymer functionalization), chitan or chitosan, zeolites, mineral clays, lignin, activated carbon, nanoparticles of varying composition, carbon nanotubes, xerogels with metal-oxide or silica backbone or composites thereof. The sorbent in the vessel 110 may take the form of a porous monolith of dimensions and volume less than that of the vessel 110. Alternatively, the sorbent having homogeneous or heterogeneous particles of sizes ranging from 1 micrometer (um) to 1 centimeter (cm) in diameter, either free flowing or confined to a section of the vessel 110 or confined in a device (i.e. teabag) might be provided. Alternatively, the sorbent might be provided as a coating on a few or all interior surfaces of the vessel 110.
[034] The sorbent is exposed to the water in the vessel 110 to remove or separate analytes from water such that the water free of analytes can be used for drinking or domestic purpose. Now referring to FIG. 3, a method 200 of purifying water using the vessel 110 comprising the sorbent is explained, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.

[035] As specified above, the vessel 110 is provided with the sorbent capable of removing chemical or biological analytes from water. The geometry of sorbent might be designed to ensure adsorption of the analyte. The nature of the sorbent, total surface area, analyte concentration, pH and other occurring species in the water sample influence the amount of analyte that can be adsorbed onto the sorbent; therefore, the amount and surface area of the sorbent will be tuned to ensure complete analyte uptake. Additionally, the time needed for analyte removal by adsorption is a function of the diffusion properties of the analyte, the geometry of the sorbent and the volume of water sample. The form, dimensions, surface area and porosity of the sorbent can be modified to control the rate of analyte adsorption. Further, the sorbent material must be nontoxic and must not release any harmful species during adsorption, so that the water produced is suitable for human consumption.
[036] In one exemplary implementation, the vessel 110 might be provided with a variety of retention mechanisms to retain the sorbent in the vessel 110. Examples of retention mechanisms of the sorbent in the vessel 110 may include, but not limited to, a physical porous barrier spanning the opening 114 or width of the vessel 110 or otherwise compartmentalizing the vessel 110 such that the sorbent is retained in one or more compartments. Alternatively, the vessel 110 might be provided with a sorbent incorporating module, which cannot fit through the opening 114. Alternatively, the vessel 110 might be provided with a magnetic mechanism for attracting the sorbent. Alternatively, the vessel 110 might be provided with a collapsible mechanical mechanism for retaining the sorbent. Alternatively, the vessel 110 might be provided with a multilayer cap that has a barrier layer and a closure layer or a combination of above methods for retaining the sorbent. It should be understood that the weight and/or volume of the sorbent or sorbent containing module and the vessel 110 should be much less than the original water sample, facilitating easy transport to the CVMRS 120. For example, for a 1-liter (L) vessel of water, trace metals might be preserved using 1

to 10 grams (g) of sorbent. The vessel 110 can be immediately sealed or left open to dry and then closed and subsequently transported to the CVMRS 120.
[037] For example, the vessel 110 might be provided in different volumes, for example ranging from 500mL to 10L, depending upon the intending use of the purified water (i.e. smaller vessels for single serving drinking water or larger, multi-liter containers to create potable water for domestic use). The amount and type of sorbent contained in the vessel 110 might be determined by the analyte of interest and volume of water to be purified.
[038] In order to use the vessel 110 for purifying water, at first, a user of the vessel 110 may fill water from a source and expose the sorbent to the water for sufficient time in order to ensure that the analytes are removed from the water on to the sorbent, as shown at step 202. The sorbent might be exposed to water either as a passive process or an active process. In the passive process, the user may leave the water to sit in the vessel 110 for a prolonged time for exposing the sorbent to the water. In the active process, the user may shake, stir or agitate the water for exposing the sorbent to the water. Active process is preferred as it reduces the time for analyte removal. It should be understood that when the sorbent is exposed to water, analytes present in the water are retained on the sorbent thus resulting in purifying of water. In other words, when the analytes get adsorbed onto the sorbent, the resulting/remaining water is suitable for consumption.
[039] At step 204, the water is removed from the vessel 110 while retaining the sorbent with adsorbed analytes in the vessel 110. In one example, the opening 114 of the vessel 110 might be designed such that the sorbent is retained in the vessel 110 when the purified water is poured out. In one example, the size of opening 114 might be provided as being smaller than the sorbent such that the sorbent is retained by physical exclusion. In another example, the opening 114 might be provided with a porous material, having pores smaller than the size of the sorbent

such that the sorbent is filtered from the water; the sorbent may be dispersed in the vessel as particles to enable rapid uptake of the analytes or contaminants.. In another example, the opening 114 might be provided with separate valves that allow for the filling and emptying of the vessel 110 or a combination of the above features.
[040] Further, the water free of analytes is suitable for consumption. As such, the users may use/consume the water directly or pour into another container for later use, as shown at step 206.
[041] As specified above, the analytes are retained on the sorbent (which is retained in the vessel). The vessel 110 comprising the analytes is sent to the CVMRS 120 for analysis cleaning/recycling of the vessel 110, as shown at step 208. CVMRS
[042] Upon receipt at the CVMRS 120, the vessel 110 is filled with a solution of controlled or known composition that removes the analyte from the sorbent without affecting the integrity of the sorbent material and is compatible with the analysis instrumentation.
[043] Referring to FIG. 4, a method 300 implemented at the CVMRS 120 for
analyzing and recycling the vessel 110 is explained, in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
[044] At step 302, the vessel 110 is filled with a suitable liquid solution to remove the analyte from the sorbent. In one example, the CVMRS 120 may comprise an analyte solution chamber (not shown) for storing analyte solution. In one example, the analyte solution may include an elution solution. It should be understood that the vessel 110 is filled with the solution of controlled or known composition that removes the analyte from the sorbent without affecting the integrity of the sorbent material and is compatible with the analysis

instrumentation. This step also recycles the vessel 110 for further use. Examples of desorption solutions include acidic or basic solutions (to change the pH such that adsorption of the analyte is no longer favorable), salt solutions that exchange with the adsorbed analyte or a more complex solution that includes several of these components. Desorption can be aided by stirring or agitation. The volume of the desorption solution can be the same as the volume of the original water or it may be less than the original water, thereby concentrating the analyte for more sensitive detection. Preferably, desorption solution should be nontoxic, such that no further processing or treatment is necessary for the vessel 110 to be reused to create potable water. However, in the case that further processing is needed to ensure safety, the vessel 110 might be subsequently treated before returning the vessel 110 to use.
[045] After removing the analyte from the sorbent, the solution is removed from the vessel 110 while retaining the sorbent in the vessel 110, as shown at step 304. It should be understood that the vessel 110 upon removing the analyte from the sorbent is considered as cleaned or recycled such that the vessel 110 can be reused with sorbent, as shown at step 306. The recycled vessel 110 is allowed to be used by users for purifying water and sent out subsequently until the number of times the vessel 110 has been used reaches a critical number as might be predetermined or until when the sorbent no longer reliably removes analytes at the CVMRS 120.
[046] In one example, after removing the analyte from the sorbent, the CVMRS 120 might add particles and color to the sorbent to produce flavored, colored, or carbonated water when it is exposed to water in vessel (110) in subsequent use. Further, CVMRS 120 might add nutrients the sorbent to increase health benefits for users when they consume the water that was exposed to the sorbent.
[047] At step 308, the solution removed from the from the vessel 110 at the CVMRS 120 might be analyzed using the laboratory instrumentation in order to determine the analyte concentration in the original water sample, as well as

regenerates the sorbent/vessel. In one example, the CVMRS 120 may comprise an analyzer (not shown) for analyzing the solution. To determine the concentration of the analyte, the desorption solution is analyzed by methods such as ultraviolet/visible spectroscopy, flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS), graphic furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (GFAAS), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS), liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (LC-MS), gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), ion selective electrode or other methods. The amount or concentration of the analyte measured by a method may directly correlate with the analyte concentration in the original sample, or it may be related to the concentration of the analyte in the original water using calibration. The quantification of the analyte might be performed onsite at the CVMRS 120 if it is equipped with the necessary analytical instrumentation, or the quantification could be performed at another separate site.
[048] Subsequently, data corresponding to the analysis is generated using known techniques, as shown at step 310. In one example, the CVMRS 120 may comprise a data generator such as a computer, laptop, etc to generate reports/actionable items corresponding based on the analysis of concentration of the analytes.
[049] At step 312, the data generated from analysis of the solution might be transmitted to the server/database 130 for further analysis. In one example, the CVMRS 120 may comprise a transmitter (not shown) provided as a standalone device or built into the data generator. The transmitter might be used to transmit the data to the server 130. In one example, the data might be transmitted to the user of the vessel 110. Alternatively, the data might be transmitted to regulatory bodies for policy making or remediation efforts or used internally to adjust the amount and type of sorbent in the vessel 110 for more efficient and effective future use.

[050] Based on the above, it should be understood that the vessel 110 might be used for purifying water and monitoring trace contamination in water. As the CVMRS 120 can be used to recycle and trace contamination, data can be collected at large scale, and water access and water quality issues can be analyzed for fractions of the population. Further, since multiple users might use a single water source over time, the data collected might be used for plotting a spatial or temporal map of analytes thereby allowing for the identification of approximate timing for changes in analytes or contamination events as well as monitoring the effectiveness of a remediation intervention.
[051] The effectiveness of the vessel in purifying water and monitoring trace contamination in water is achieved by a regenerable sorbent material placed in the vessel, the sorbent being capable of binding the analyte or class of analytes and preserving it in a moist or dry format. Optionally, the vessel might be provided with multiple sorbents to remove multiple analytes or classes of analytes (i.e. a sorbent for negatively charged ions combined and a sorbent for positively charged ions). The coupling of monitoring and remediation as described in the present invention allows for the tailoring and modification of sorbent in vessels for a specific region, leading to more effective purification. A key aspect of the sorbent and sorption process is the quantitative relationship between the analyte concentration in the original water sample and the concentration of the analyte in the elution solution measured at the CVMRS, allowing the analyte concentration in the original sample to be accurately predicted after preservation of the analyte.
[052] In one example, government, Non Governmental Organization (NGOs), or third party service providers may implement a scheme wherein they distribute vessels as described in the present invention to large fractions of population either through subscription services, local distributors or franchises (which serve to collect used vessels and sell new ones), direct sales, sales through a third party or a combination of these models. Users or customers may purchase multiple vessels at once or purchase a single vessel. In either scenario, users may return the vessels

up to a certain time after use determined by the length of time that the sorbent could stably preserve the analytes. From the location of use, the vessels might be sent to the CVMRS by either shipment with the postal service or other carrier, transport by the customer or transport from localized facility to the CVMRS by an employee or third-party vendor. The government, NGOs or third party service providers may use the data to address the challenges in water availability and water quality monitoring. Further, the data might be used at both the regulatory and community level, providing policy makers with evidence for policy and technical interventions as well as remediation efforts, and empowering communities to manage water quality. Additionally, the generated data can feedback into the scheme, informing which analytes are present in which regions and thus allowing the tailoring of sorbents to a specific region to more effectively purify water.
[053] Optionally, the features of the present invention may also be implemented in other applications such as food and beverage industry, wastewater reuse, batch generation of deionized water and agricultural water monitoring. Furthermore, features of the present invention may also be implemented in monitoring and purification of other liquids for human consumption, such as dairy products, soft drinks or other ingestible liquids.
[054] As specified above, the vessel including a sorbent purifies and provides clean water, as well as stably preserves analytes in water in a compact form that facilitates easy transport. With an estimated cost of vessel being less than 15 Indian rupees and a sorbent regeneration cost being less than 1 Indian rupee per gram of sorbent, the features of the present invention can efficiently provide purified water at an estimated cost of less than 2 Indian rupees per liter, while creating a possibility to generate large scale, accurate water quality data. As the purification method does not rely on a power source, is operated manually, involves minimal maintenance and produces no wastewater. Further, preservation of contaminants in a compact, lightweight form facilitates easier transportation to

centralized facilities, where accurate quantification of analytes can be ensured using high-throughput instrumentation. Furthermore, coupling of water purification and analyte measurement can be used to tailor the sorbent to analytes found in a specific region and create a more efficient purification scheme than what is currently offered in commercially available systems.
[055] Further, the vessel comprising the sorbent is very easy to use for purifying water and monitoring quality of water, as such it can be easily accepted in the community and may facilitate increased community awareness surrounding trace contaminants in water sources. Further the sorbent/resin inside the vessel is designed to preserve and store the contaminants in a compact form to facilitate easy ambient-temperature shipping, and rapid processing of samples at centralized laboratories, greatly improving ability to monitor the quality of water.
[056] The vessel can be provided in variety of forms e.g., bottle format for both purification and monitoring. The data gathered from monitoring might be used for tailoring or redesigning of bottles.
[057] Although the above embodiments have been explained considering that the vessel is provided with sorbent, additional materials may also be included in the vessel that aid in further water purification or confer other functionalities. Examples of other materials that can be included in the vessel include chlorine for disinfection, flavoring agents, nutrients, precipitants or coagulants to remove suspended materials or combinations of these materials. Porous filters may be included in the vessel to retain particulates or coagulated matter. In one example, a one-way flap valve with a porous flap designed to act as a filter opens to allow water into the vessel, but closes when water is emptied out of the vessel, thereby retaining particulates and coagulated matter within the vessel.
[058] In the above description, numerous specific details are set forth such as examples of some embodiments, specific components, devices, methods, in order

to provide a thorough understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent to a person of ordinary skill in the art that these specific details need not be employed, and should not be construed to limit the scope of the disclosure.
[059] In the development of any actual implementation, numerous implementation-specific decisions must be made to achieve the developer's specific goals, such as compliance with system-related and business-related constraints. Such a development effort might be complex and time consuming, but is nevertheless a routine undertaking of design, fabrication, and manufacture for those of ordinary skill. Hence as various changes could be made in the above constructions without departing from the scope of the invention, it is intended that all matter contained in the above description or shown in the accompanying drawings shall be interpreted as illustrative and not in a limiting sense.
[060] The foregoing description of embodiments is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make and use the subject matter. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the novel principles and subject matter disclosed herein may be applied to other embodiments without the use of the innovative faculty. The claimed subject matter set forth in the claims is not intended to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. It is contemplated that additional embodiments are within the true scope of the disclosed subject matter.

WE CLAIM :
1. A vessel (110) for purifying water, the vessel (110) comprising:
a housing (112) for storing water;
an opening (114) provided at the housing (112) for filling and emptying water from the housing (112); and
a sorbent provided in the housing (112) for adsorption of analytes in the water,
wherein the sorbent is exposed to water for adsorption of the analytes onto the sorbent for removing chemical or biological analytes from water, and wherein water free of analytes is emptied through the opening (114) while retaining the sorbent in the housing (112) for consumption.
2. The vessel (110) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the vessel (110) comprises a rigid or collapsible structure.
3. The vessel (110) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the housing (112) includes a cap for sealing the opening (114).
4. The vessel (110) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the housing (112) comprises a retention mechanism for retaining the sorbent in the vessel (110).
5. The vessel (110) as claimed in claim 1, wherein the sorbent comprises cellulose and surface functionalized cellulose, biomass waste material, synthetic polymers such as polyamide, polyacrylonitrile and polyacrylamide, ion exchange resins, functionalized synthetic polymers chitan or chitosan, zeolites, mineral clays, lignin, activated carbon, nanoparticles of varying composition, carbon nanotubes, xerogels with metal-oxide or silica backbone or composites thereof.

6. A system for purifying water and monitoring quality of water, the system
comprising:
a plurality of vessels (110), each vessel (110) comprising a sorbent designed for adsorption of analytes in water received in the vessel (110), wherein the sorbent removes chemical or biological analytes when exposed to water thereby purifying water for consumption, and wherein the sorbent is retained in the vessel (110) when the water is emptied from the vessel (110); and
a Centralized Vessel Monitoring and Recycling System (CVMRS) (120) for recycling the plurality of vessels (110) and monitoring quality of water using analytes adsorbed at the sorbent, the CVMRS comprises:
an analyte solution chamber for storing analyte solution, wherein
the analyte solution is filled in a vessel (110) of the plurality of vessels
(110) for removing analytes from the sorbent in the vessel (110) thereby
recycling the vessel (110) for reuse;
an analyzer for analyzing concentration of the analytes in the
solution for monitoring quality of water stored the vessel (110); and
a data generator for generating reports based on the analysis for
taking actions to improve quality of water.
7. The system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the vessel (110) comprises a retention mechanism for retaining the sorbent in the vessel (110).
8. The system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the analyte solution chamber adds particles and color to the sorbent to produce carbonated water when it is exposed to water in the vessel (110) in subsequent use.
9. The system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the analyte solution chamber adds nutrients to the sorbent to increase health benefits for users when they consume the water upon getting exposed to the sorbent.

10. The system as claimed in claim 6, wherein the CVMRS (120) comprises a transmitter for transmitting reports generated to a server (130) for analyzing quality of water.
11. A Centralized Vessel Monitoring and Recycling System (CVMRS) (120) for cleaning vessel (110) and monitoring quality of water stored the vessel (110), the CVMRS comprising:
an analyte solution chamber for storing analyte solution, wherein the
analyte solution is filled in a vessel (110) for removing analytes from a sorbent in
the vessel (110) thereby cleaning the vessel (110) for reuse,
wherein the sorbent in the vessel (110) is designed for adsorption of analytes in the water, such that when the sorbent is exposed to water, the sorbent removes chemical or biological analytes from water thereby making water free of analytes for consumption (110), and wherein the sorbent is retained in the vessel (110) when the water is emptied from the vessel (110); an analyzer for analyzing concentration of the analytes in the solution for
monitoring quality of water stored the vessel (110); and
a data generator for generating reports based on the analysis for taking
actions to improve quality of water.
12. The CVMRS (120) as claimed in claim 11, wherein the vessel (110) comprises a retaining mechanism for retaining the sorbent.
13. The CVMRS (120) as claimed in claim 11, wherein the analyzer analyzes the concentration of the analytes using one of ultraviolet/visible spectroscopy, flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS), graphic furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (GFAAS), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS), liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (LC-MS), gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), and ion selective electrode.

14. The CVMRS (120) as claimed in claim 11, adapted for tailoring and modification of sorbent in vessels for a specific region, leading to more effective purification
15. The CVMRS (120) as claimed in claim 11, comprises a transmitter for transmitting reports generated to a server (130) for analyzing quality of water.
16. The CVMRS (120) as claimed in claim 11, wherein the analyte solution chamber adds particles and color to the sorbent to produce carbonated water when it is exposed to water in vessel (110) in subsequent use.
17. The CVMRS (120) as claimed in claim 11, wherein the analyte solution chamber adds nutrients to the sorbent to increase health benefits for users when they consume the water upon getting exposed to the sorbent.
18. A method (200; 300) for purifying water and monitoring quality of water, the method comprising:
providing vessels, each vessel comprising a sorbent designed for adsorption of analytes in water;
filling (202) water in the vessel for exposing with the sorbent for adsorption of the analytes onto the sorbent thereby removing chemical or biological analytes from water for consumption;
removing (204) water from the vessel while retaining the sorbent with adsorbed analytes in the vessel;
filling (302) the vessel with a solution to remove the analytes from the sorbent; and
analyzing (308) concentration of the analytes in the solution for monitoring quality of water.

19. The method (200; 300) as claimed in claim 17, comprises providing a retaining mechanism in the vessel for retaining the sorbent.
20. The method (200; 300) as claimed in claim 17, wherein the solution removes the analytes from the sorbent without affecting the integrity of the sorbent for recycling the vessel with the sorbent for further use.
21. The method (200; 300) as claimed in claim 17, wherein the concentration of the analytes is analyzed using one of ultraviolet/visible spectroscopy, flame atomic absorption spectroscopy (FAAS), graphic furnace atomic absorption spectroscopy (GFAAS), inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectroscopy (ICP-OES), inductively coupled plasma mass spectroscopy (ICP-MS), liquid chromatography mass spectroscopy (LC-MS), gas chromatography mass spectroscopy (GC-MS), and ion selective electrode.
22. The method (200; 300) as claimed in claim 17, comprises transmitting (312) data corresponding to the analysis of concentration of the analytes to a database for analyzing quality of water.