FORM-2
THE PATENTS ACT. 1970 (39 of 1970)
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(Section 10, rule 13)
A WATER COOLING SYSTEM FOR TWO WHEELERS USING ENGINE
EXHAUST HEAT
Dr. Harish Umashankar Tiwari Residing at
Pimpri Chinchwad College of Engineering, Mechanical Engineering department Nigdi, Pune, 411 044, Maharashtra, India.
THE FOLLOWING SPECIFICATION PARTICULARLY DESCRIBES THE NATURE OF THE INVENTION AND THE MANNER IN WHICH IT IS TO BE PERFORMED: -

FIELD OF THE INVENTION:
This invention relates to the field of refrigeration and cooling systems for automobiles. Particularly, this invention relates to a system for water cooling on two wheelers using engine exhaust heal.
More particularly, this invention relates to Water Cooling on Two wheelers Using Engine Exhaust results in water cooling without increase in fuel consumption and thereby energy conservation.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:
Road transport on two wheelers is an important mode of transport. In India, in some parts, the atmospheric temperature is in excess of 45°C during summer. In such conditions, Chilled water for drinking becomes a necessity. In such conditions water carried with the vehicle becomes hot and is not drinkable.
It is observed that, large amount of heat energy at a very high temperature is available in exhaust. So there is a potential to develop a heat operated cooling system. This large amount of heat can be used as a source for a heat generated Cooling System.
Vapour adsorption and absorption system are two well developed and well known heat operated cooling system which could be an option for such developments. Literature review in the field of automobile air conditioning suggests suitability of adsorption cooling system. There is a strong potential for the development of heat driven adsorption cooling system.

The problems in adsorption refrigeration systems of the prior art include the following:
1. Not very compact as more number of components;
2. Not reliable as more number of valves(minimum 8 to 9);
3. Leakage of refrigerant problems trough valves and joints;
4. The control valves used are more in numbers increases overall cost of the system; The control valves require frequent opening and closing which is not possible easily.
PRIOR ART:
According to the prior art, a two wheeler is rarely provided with cooling arrangement for
water cooling. Conventionally, vapour compression refrigeration system is used for
automobile air conditioning in other vehicles like cars. These systems are powered by
engine power and thereby increases fuel consumption by 15 %. Also, there is no alternate
system available commercially which can replace conventional air conditioning systems.
Considering the potential to develop heat powered cooling system, some heat power
system has been tried like absorption refrigeration system and adsorption refrigeration
system. The absorption refrigeration system is not economical for smaller applications
and also not suitable in mobile conditions.
Adsorption refrigeration system can be used. Some systems are suggested and designed
for adsorption systems. These systems could not become practical because of their
limitations.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION:
An object of the invention is to provide a two wheeler with water cooling system based
on exhaust heat from engines.

Another object of the invention is to provide chilled water with no additional cost to the rider of the vehicle
Yet another object of the invention is to use heat driven adsorption cooling system for water cooling.
Still another object of the invention is to provide an adsorption system with a single coil as condenser and evaporator.
Still another object of the invention is to provide a compact adsorption cooling system for water cooling on a two wheeler.
An additional object of the invention is to provide a reliable adsorption cooling system powered by exhaust gases of engine.
Yet an additional object of the invention is to provide a leakage-proof adsorption cooling system.
Another additional object of the invention is to provide an adsorption cooling system, which is relatively cheaper.
Yet another additional object of the invention is to develop a system which uses an environment friendly refrigerant.

SUMMARY OF INVENTION:
According to this invention, there is provided a system for water cooling using engine exhaust heat, said system comprises of an adsorber unit, a condenser an evaporator, one lime controlled valve the system comprises of:
input means adapted to receive exhaust gas from said engine;
- adsorber adapted to receive exhaust gas from said input means, said receiving being controlled by a time controlled selector valve for designed time, said adsorber being a shell and tube heat exchanger such that said exhaust gas passes through said tubes and refrigerant adapted to be compressed in said shell of said heat exchanger, wherein, adsorbing material of said adsorber is heated upon receipt of said exhaust gas thereby making refrigerant to come out of said adsorbing material;
- a double pipe air cooled from outside and water cooled from inside heat exchanger coil placed in series with said first adsorber;
- the double pipe coil will act as condenser as well as evaporator
Typically, said adsorber is a shell and tube heat exchanger where the heat is to be
transferred to and from an adsorber material.
Typically, said adsorber includes a centrally located tube which is covered by an
adsorbing material.
Typically, said the adsorber includes tube which is covered by activated carbon and said
activated carbon is held thereby covering it with a perforated tube.

Typically, said in double pipe coil (condenser cum evaporator coil) refrigerant flows
from outside and cooled by air and water flows from inside the smaller tube to absorb
cooling effect when the heat exchanger acts as evaporator.
Typically, said air cooled condenser includes fins to enhance heat transfer.
Typically, said adsorption material is activated carbon.
Typically, said refrigerant is ammonia.
Typically, said system includes a control valve between adsorber and condenser cum
evaporator coil.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS:
The invention will now be described in relation to the accompanying drawings, in which: Figure 1 illustrates a water cooling system on a two wheeler powered by engine exhaust. The main components of the system are adsorber unit, condenser cum evaporator coil a control valve and two water tanks. The detailed description is given in the next section. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS: According to this invention, there is provided a water cooling system using heat from engine exhaust from a two wheeler.
The present invention relates to a water cooling system for a two wheeler using waste heat from engine exhaust. The available options in heat generated cooling have been critically reviewed. The adsorption refrigeration cycle is found to be more suitable for mobile applications also.
Adsorption refrigeration system is based on the principle of adsorption phenomenon. There are some solid substances which attract certain gases and adsorb them at their

surfaces. Carbon and Ammonia is an example of such an adsorber and refrigerant pair. Activated carbon and ammonia is the proposed adsorption refrigerant pair in the invention. The overall weight and size of the system is such that it can be accommodated in present two wheelers.
The principle components of the system are adsorber, condenser cum evaporator coil, and control valves. The adsorber is a tube in tube type heat exchanger, where adsorbing material is filled in the gap between two concentrically placed tubes. Refrigerant is charged to the adsorber. The adsorbing material adsorbs refrigerant. Heat is passed through the heat exchanger through the inner tube. When the adsorber is heated by exhaust gases, the refrigerant comes out from the adsorber surface and is further compressed with heating. This compressed refrigerant is condensed in the condenser and is stored in the condenser coil as liquid refrigerant. The control valve connecting adsorber and coil is closed with the help of timer. The adsorber is cooled with the help of ambient air for 10 minutes. When the adsorber is cooled, the pressure is decreased. And the adsorber is ready to absorb the refrigerant back. The liquid refrigerant from condenser cum evaporator coil is allowed to flow back to the adsorber. The liquid refrigerant in the coil is evaporated at low pressure and refrigerating effect is produced in the coil. The control valve through which refrigerant is to flow is opened and at the same time water is allowed to flow through the inner tube. The water is cooled and collected in the lower water tank. This cold water can be used for drinking directly or water bottle can be placed dipped in water for cooling.
Mass balance and energy balance equations are used to design the proposed system and the design of the system is done for a 100 cc engine. Cooling load for cooling two litre

water in 10 minutes has been obtained as around 150 kJ (around 250 watts). Minimum useful heat available in the exhaust of a 7bhp 100 cc engine is more than 1 kW. The COP of the proposed system is 0.3 and heat required to drive the proposed system is 0.65 kW The dimensions of the proposed system are obtained and found to be suitable for a two wheeler.
The proposed cooling system is powered by exhaust heat, so the fuel consumption is not affected. This system can be installed on a two wheeler. The proposed system is an adsorption cooling system so is suitable in mobile conditions.
In accordance with an embodiment of this invention, there is provided at least one Adsorber. It is a shell and tube heat exchanger where the heat is to be transferred to and from the adsorber material. The tubes of the adsorber are covered by adsorbing material (Activated carbon) and the activated carbon is held thereby covering it with a perforated tube. As per design the adsorber is a double pipe (Tube in type) heat exchanger The outer tube with a length of 0.6 m 40 mm outer diameter 3 mm thickness is used. The inner tube of 0.7 m and 24 mm diameter is proposed, The thickness of adsorber coating is limited to 5 mm. The grain size of adsorbing material is 2 to 3 mm. The tubes are fitted in cover plates at both the ends. End Covers are provided at the end of the cylinder from both sides. The arrangement is such that the exhaust gases will pass through the tube and the refrigerant will be compressed in the shell of the Heat exchanger. The adsorber is connected to condenser through tube. One end of tube is connected to adsorber cylinder shell and other end is connected to condenser.

In accordance with yet another embodiment of this invention there is provided at least one Condenser cum Evaporator coil. It is a double pipe coil which is cooled by atmospheric air from outside during condensation. Water is circulated from inside to absorb the cooling effect during evaporation. The refrigerant from the adsorber flows outward and inward through the annular space between the two tubes placed concentrically in the coil.
Figure 1 illustrates an Adsorption refrigeration system, for cooling drinking water in a two wheeler
As shown in the Figure, the main components of the proposed system are Adsorber, condenser cum evaporator coil, pressure and time controlled control valve and water tanks. The engine exhaust is connected to the adsorbers through valves so that the adsorber is heated for a specific time. The time initially is decided as 10 min. After 10 minutes of heating the adsorber is set in cooling mode for 10 minutes. During this time refrigerant in the condenser cum evaporator coil is also cooled.
Exhaust Heat of engine is supplied to the adsorber. The adsorbing material is heated and refrigerant comes out of the adsorbing material. The pressure starts increasing. When the pressure is around 15 bar, refrigerant starts condensing at a temperature of around 42° C (the saturation temperature of ammonia at 15 bar). The pressure is decided based on the atmospheric temperature. If the temperature is more, the condenser pressure is selected as higher. As per design calculation the time required for condensation is 10 minutes. After condensing in the condenser, the refrigerant is stored in the condenser coil. The control valve connecting adsorber and coil is closed. The adsorber is cooled. The pressure in the adsorber decreases up to atmospheric pressure. The adsorber is now ready to adsorb the

refrigerant. The valve is now opened and refrigerant is allowed to flow to the adsorber.
This is the time when water in the water tank is allowed to flow through the inner tube of
the coil. The refrigerant absorbs heat from water and cools the water. Cold water is
collected in the lower tank can be used for drinking.
In the Figure 1, the number indicates.
Reference numeral 1 relates to adsorber.
Reference numeral 2, condenser cum evaporator unit.
Reference numeral 3, water tube.
Reference numeral 4, relates to control valve with timer.
Reference numeral 5, water tap.
Reference numeral 6, normal or hot water container.
Reference numeral 7, cold water container.
Reference numeral 8, refrigerant tube
Reference numeral 9, water tube.
The system of the invention has only one refrigerant valve per circuit. It is very compact.
The novel features include:
a system for water cooling on two wheeler which is powered by exhaust heat
without increasing fuel consumption;
a system with reduced weight as compared to other adsorption systems such that
it is suitable for a two wheeler;
- a system where a single coil(double pipe heat exchanger) acts as condenser as well as evaporator.
- a system wherein the cost of the system is less than vapour compression system;

- a system wherein only one valve has been used in the refrigerant line so that the system is reliable and very few chances of leakage of ammonia;
- a system wherein there are only three principle components adsorber condenser cum evaporator coil and control valve;
- a system wherein only one control valve is present in the system, so the system is very reliable;
- a system wherein atmospheric air with vehicle velocity is used for cooling the adsorbers and condenser.
While this detailed description has disclosed certain specific embodiments of the present invention for illustrative purposes, various modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art which do not constitute departures from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims, and it is to be distinctly understood that the foregoing descriptive matter is to be interpreted merely as illustrative of the invention and not as a limitation. We claim,
1. A system for water cooling using engine exhaust heat of a two wheeler, said system comprising:
- input means adapted to receive exhaust gas from said engine;
- the adsorber adapted to receive exhaust gas from said input means, said receiving being controlled by a first valve, being a selector valve, said adsorber being a shell and tube heat exchanger such that said exhaust gas passes through said tubes and refrigerant adapted to be compressed in said shell of said heat exchanger,

wherein, adsorbing material of said first adsorber is heated upon receipt of said exhaust gas thereby making refrigerant to come out of said adsorbing material;
- a condenser cum evaporator coil in which condenser is air cooled and water flows through evaporator to absorb cooling effect of evaporation of refrigerant.
- Two 1.5 liter water tanks one at condenser cum evaporator coil inlet another at outlet.

2. A system as claimed in claim 1 wherein, said first adsorber is a shell and tube heat exchanger where the heat is to be transferred to and from an adsorber material wherein, said adsorber includes tube which is covered by activated carbon.
3. A system as claimed in claim 1 wherein, drinking water is cooled using engine exhaust without increasing fuel consumption and without much effect on engine performance.
4. A system as claimed in claim 1 wherein, said adsorption material is activated carbon and refrigerant is ammonia.
5. A system as claimed in claim 1 wherein, said system operates with a single valve, whereas in other adsorption systems more number of control valves are required.
6. A system which have only two principle component and one control valve.
7. A system wherein a heat exchanger coil (double pipe heat exchanger) is used which acts as a condenser as well as an evaporator.