Claims:1. An arc chamber for a circuit breaker assembly, wherein at least a part of an inner portion of the arc chamber comprises a layer of polyamide blend as an ablative polymer, wherein the polyamide blend has a molecular formula (C12H22N2O2)n, wherein n is greater than or equal to 1.
2. The arc chamber for a circuit breaker assembly according to claim 1, wherein the layer of polyamide blend comprises any or a combination of deposition and coating of the polyamide blend.
3. The arc chamber for a circuit breaker assembly according to claim 1, wherein the layer of polyamide blend comprises a sheet made of polyamide blend
4. A system for evaluating an arcing parameter for an ablative polymer comprising:
an input module configured to receive one or more properties of the ablative polymer;
a computation and simulation module configured to simulate arcing behaviour for different vapor mixtures and computing one or more arcing parameter for the ablative polymer using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD); and
an output module configured to provide at least one arcing parameter of the ablative polymer.
5. The system of claim 4, wherein the one or more arcing parameters are selected from the group consisting of arc temperature, pressure, velocity and voltage.
6. The system of claim 4, wherein the one or more properties of the ablative polymer are selected from the group consisting of vapor density, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, specific heat, viscosity, net emission coefficient, mass flow, vaporization rate, diffusion coefficient and mass density.
7. The system of claim 4, wherein the computation and simulation module computes the one or more arcing parameter for the ablative polymer by solving any or a combination of a Navier-stokes equation, a Maxwell equation and a species conservation equation.
8. The system of claim 4, wherein the computation and simulation module comprises a vapor mixing module and a CFD module.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein the computation and simulation module further comprises an EMag module and a module for calculating and providing values for Radiation and Diffusivity.
10. The system of claim 8, wherein the vapor mixing module is configured to solve the species conservation equation to calculate mass fraction of different species.
, Description:TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The disclosure generally relates to the Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB) and more particularly to an ablative polymer material for its application in arc chamber for effective arc quenching. The disclosure further provides a system for evaluating arcing parameters for ablative polymer(s).

BACKGROUND
[0002] Background description includes information that may be useful in understanding the present invention. It is not an admission that any of the information provided herein is prior art or relevant to the presently claimed invention, or that any publication specifically or implicitly referenced is prior art.
[0003] Varieties of devices are known and have been developed for interrupting current between a source and a load. A circuit breaker is an automatically-operated electrical switch designed to protect an electrical circuit from damage caused by overload or short circuit. Its basic function is to detect a fault condition and by interrupting continuity, to immediately discontinue electrical flow.
[0004] Unlike a fuse, which operates once and then has to be replaced, a circuit breaker can be reset (either manually or automatically) to resume normal operation. Circuit breakers are made in varying sizes, from small devices that protect individual household appliances to large switchgears designed to protect high voltage circuits feeding an entire city.
[0005] Under short-circuit conditions, the calculated current may be many times the normal rated current of the circuit. If the electrical contact is open to this large current, an arc is formed between the opened contact that continues the current and creates conductive molten or ionized gas. Under high temperature/pressure arcing plasma, vaporization of peripheral materials (electrodes, splitter plates, polymer walls etc.) occurs and it forms a mixture of metal vapor, ablative vapor and air plasma that affects the arc behavior in two ways. Firstly, the vapors change the mass, momentum and energy equilibrium of the system. Secondly, the ablated vapor alters the thermodynamic properties, transport coefficients and the radiation characteristics of the arc substantially. Hence, investigations into arc behavior are significant for the design of new switching devices. The knowledge of these plasma properties and their implementation in numerical models can enable one to better quantify the effect of these polymer vapors on the arc behavior. Ablative plastics or polymers can be used in the LV circuit breakers to enhance their interruption performance. The gases induced in the arc chamber have a positive effect on the arc plasma behavior and facilitate the arc quenching. Increasing efforts are being taken in the recent past to understand the arc behavior and its interaction with the surroundings which would help in the design and optimization of the arc chamber geometry. Use of polymers can increase arc voltage, accelerate arc movement and reduce the probability of occurrence of back-striking.
[0006] US patent number 2,325,416 discloses an electrical apparatus, a conductor from which an arc may be drawn, and arc extinguishing material along the path of the arc from which an arc extinguishing medium is evolved due to the heat of the arc for extinguishing the same, said arc extinguishing material comprises a binder including water soluble cellulose ether.
[0007] US patent number 4,778,958 discloses a material for electric contacts having arc-quenching properties comprising an irreversibly cured polymeric molding compound(s), which contains 5 to 20 volume percent of a metal powder and optionally additional filler consisting of an electrically non-conductive inorganic powder.
[0008] US patent number 4,340,790 discloses a separable connector module for live switching of shielded electrical power cable comprising a rod contact and a rod-shaped follower. The follower is of thermoplastic ablative material consisting essentially of acetal resin loaded with melamine. Though, melamine and melamine derived compounds exhibit excellent arc-extinguishing abilities, they are incapable of being fabricated, i.e. molded, extruded, and the like into satisfactory structural shapes.
[0009] US patent number 4,436,831 discloses a calcined member for arc-extinguishing chambers for electromagnetic contactors for high-voltage applications and for electromagnetic circuit breakers.
[0010] US patent number 5,841,088 discloses a switch, an arc extinguishing material capable of extinguishing the arc and inhibiting a decrease in insulation resistance within and around an arc extinguishing chamber of the switch. An arc extinguishing insulator composition comprises: at least one filler consisting of a glass fiber, an inorganic mineral and a ceramic fiber and a matrix resin containing as a principal component at least one member selected from the group consisting of a polyolefin, an olefin copolymer, a polyamide, a polyamide polymer blend, a polyacetal and a polyacetal polymer blend.
[0011] After careful scrutinization of prior arts, a person skilled in the art would immediately realize that none of the prior art disclosed materials exhibit all the desired traits of an ideal arc quenching material including but not limited to higher arc quenching efficiency, improved interruption capacity of breaker, temperature reduction, change in arc velocity/flow velocity, increase in arc voltage and dielectric breakdown strength. Hence, there is a need to develop a material that overcomes one or more shortcomings of the conventional materials and methods of arc quenching.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
[0012] An object of the present disclosure is to overcome disadvantages associated with conventional methods and material used for arc quenching.
[0013] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a system using a numerical model based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for evaluating perspective gassing material (ablative polymer) used in the switching devices.
[0014] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide an ablative polymer by investigating the influence of various polymers on the arc behavior.
[0015] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide an ablative polymer with higher arc quenching efficiency.
[0016] Another object of the present disclosure is to provide an ablative polymer that reduces the arc temperature, changes its velocity/flow velocity and increases the arc voltage and dielectric breakdown strength.

SUMMARY
[0017] The disclosure generally relates to the Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB) and more particularly to an ablative polymer material for its application in arcing chamber for effective arc quenching. The disclosure further provides a system for evaluating arcing parameters for ablative polymer(s).
[0018] An aspect of the present disclosure relates to an arc chamber for a circuit breaker assembly, wherein at least a part of an inner portion of the arc chamber includes a layer of polyamide blend as an ablative polymer, wherein the polyamide blend has a molecular formula (C12H22N2O2)n, wherein n is greater than or equal to 1. In an embodiment, the layer of polyamide blend includes any or a combination of deposition and coating of the polyamide blend on at least a part of an inner portion of the arc chamber. In another embodiment, the layer of polyamide blend includes a sheet made of polyamide blend on at least a part of an inner portion of the arc chamber.
[0019] Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a system for evaluating an arcing parameter for an ablative polymer including an input module configured to receive one or more properties of the ablative polymer; a computation and simulation module configured to simulate arcing behaviour for different vapor mixtures and computing one or more arcing parameters for the ablative polymer using CFD; and an output module configured to provide at least one arcing parameter of the ablative polymer. In an embodiment, one or more arcing parameters are selected from the group consisting of arc temperature, pressure, velocity and voltage. In an embodiment, the one or more properties of the ablative polymer are selected from the group consisting of vapor density, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, specific heat, viscosity, net emission coefficient, mass flow, vaporization rate, diffusion coefficient and mass density. In an embodiment, the computation and simulation module computes the one or more arcing parameter for the ablative polymer by solving any or a combination of Navier-stokes equation, Maxwell equation and species conservation equation. In an embodiment, the computation and simulation module includes a vapor mixing module and a CFD module. In another embodiment, the computation and simulation module further includes an EMag module and a module for calculating and providing values for Radiation and Diffusivity. In an embodiment, the vapor mixing module can be configured to solve the species conservation equation to calculate mass fraction of different species.
[0020] Various objects, features, aspects and advantages of the inventive subject matter will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments, along with the accompanying drawing figures in which like numerals represent like components.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure, and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the present disclosure.
[0022] FIG. 1 illustrates an exemplary view of an arcing chamber in accordance with embodiments to the present disclosure.
[0023] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary flowchart depicting the interaction of various physics & modules for numerical modeling of arcing physics in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.
[0024] FIG. 3 illustrates an exemplary flowchart depicting the estimation of mass fraction of ablative vapor in the vapor mixing module in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0025] The following is a detailed description of embodiments of the disclosure depicted in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments are in such detail as to clearly communicate the disclosure. However, the amount of detail offered is not intended to limit the anticipated variations of embodiments; on the contrary, the intention is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the present disclosure as defined by the appended claims.
[0026] Each of the appended claims defines a separate invention, which for infringement purposes is recognized as including equivalents to the various elements or limitations specified in the claims. Depending on the context, all references below to the “invention” may in some cases refer to certain specific embodiments only. In other cases it will be recognized that references to the “invention” will refer to subject matter recited in one or more, but not necessarily all, of the claims.
[0027] As used in the description herein and throughout the claims that follow, the meaning of “a,” “an,” and “the” includes plural reference unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. Also, as used in the description herein, the meaning of “in” includes “in” and “on” unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.
[0028] All methods described herein can be performed in any suitable order unless otherwise indicated herein or otherwise clearly contradicted by context. The use of any and all examples, or exemplary language (e.g. “such as”) provided with respect to certain embodiments herein is intended merely to better illuminate the invention and does not pose a limitation on the scope of the invention otherwise claimed. No language in the specification should be construed as indicating any non-claimed element essential to the practice of the invention.
[0029] Various terms as used herein are shown below. To the extent a term used in a claim is not defined below, it should be given the broadest definition persons in the pertinent art have given that term as reflected in printed publications and issued patents at the time of filing.
[0030] The disclosure generally relates to the Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB) and more particularly to an ablative polymer material for its application in arcing chamber for effective arc quenching. The disclosure further provides a system for evaluating arcing parameters for ablative polymer(s).
[0031] An aspect of the present disclosure relates to an arc chamber for a circuit breaker assembly, wherein at least a part of an inner portion of the arc chamber includes a layer of polyamide blend as an ablative polymer, wherein the polyamide blend has a molecular formula (C12H22N2O2)n, wherein n is greater than or equal to 1. In an embodiment, the layer of polyamide blend includes any or a combination of deposition and coating of the polyamide blend on at least a part of an inner portion of the arc chamber. In another embodiment, the layer of polyamide blend includes a sheet made of polyamide blend on at least a part of an inner portion of the arc chamber.
[0032] Another aspect of the present disclosure relates to a system for evaluating an arcing parameter for an ablative polymer including an input module configured to receive one or more properties of the ablative polymer; a computation and simulation module configured to simulate arcing behaviour for different vapor mixtures and computing one or more arcing parameters for the ablative polymer using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD); and an output module configured to provide at least one arcing parameter of the ablative polymer. In an embodiment, one or more arcing parameters are selected from the group consisting of arc temperature, pressure, velocity and voltage. In an embodiment, the one or more properties of the ablative polymer are selected from the group consisting of vapor density, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, specific heat, viscosity, net emission coefficient, mass flow, vaporization rate, diffusion coefficient and mass density. In an embodiment, the computation and simulation module computes the one or more arcing parameter for the ablative polymer by solving any or a combination of Navier-stokes equation, Maxwell equation and species conservation equation. In an embodiment, the computation and simulation module includes a vapor mixing module and a CFD module. In another embodiment, the computation and simulation module further includes an EMag module and a module for calculating and providing values for Radiation and Diffusivity. In an embodiment, the vapor mixing module can be configured to solve the species conservation equation to calculate mass fraction of different species.
[0033] An aspect of the present disclosure relate to a system for simulating and evaluating arcing parameters for ablative polymers used in the switching devices. The system is configured to use a numerical model based on Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) for said evaluation. The system provides useful insights regarding the influence of wall ablation on thermodynamic and transport properties of air–polymer mixtures. The system can take various properties of an ablative polymer as an input and after performing various simulations and calculations, provide various arcing parameters as an output. In an embodiment, one or more properties of an ablative polymer that can be fed to the system as an input can be selected from various transport and thermodynamic properties of individual species/materials including vapor density, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, specific heat, viscosity, net emission coefficient and the like at different temperatures ranging from 300K to 30000K. In an embodiment, one or more arcing parameters provided by the system as an output can include arc temperature, velocity, voltage and the like, study of which can enable one to select one or more appropriate ablative materials which can generate gas(es) with desired properties on ablation in the arcing chamber. The advantageous system realized in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure can find applications in selecting appropriate ablative polymeric materials for their use in arcing chamber for effective arc quenching.
[0034] In an embodiment, the system can include an input module, a simulation and calculation module and an output module operatively coupled to each other for providing seamless functioning of the system. In an embodiment, a simulation and calculation module is configured to simulate arcing behaviour for different vapor mixtures (produced from ablation of ablative material used in the arc chamber) and computes one or more arcing parameters for the ablative polymer using Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD). In an embodiment, a simulation and calculation module includes a vapor mixing module and a CFD module. In an embodiment, a simulation and calculation module can further include an EMag calculation module and a module for calculating and providing values of Radiation and Diffusivity. Emag calculating module can calculate and provide values for Momentum Source, Ohmic Souce and the like to the CFD module. Further, values of Radiation and Diffusivity can be obtained and provided to the CFD module from a module which calculates value of radiation by solving Net Emission Coefficient (NEC). One or more properties of an ablative polymer selected from various transport and thermodynamic properties of individual species/materials including vapor density, thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, specific heat, viscosity, net emission coefficient and the like at different temperatures ranging from 300K to 30000K can be provided to the input module which conveys one or more of such values to the computation and simulation module. The computation and simulation module by way of its vapor mixing module can solve species conservation equation and Navier-stokes equation to find mass fraction of different species. Further, the vapor mixing module can calculate modified properties of plasma (arc) from the mass fraction of different species and provide such values to the CFD module for solving continuity, momentum and energy equation to obtain and simulated values corresponding to temperature, pressure and velocity distribution.
[0035] Figure 2 illustrates an exemplary flowchart depicting interactions of various physics & modules of the system 200, realized in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure, for numerical modeling of arcing physics. In an embodiment, plasma properties in absence of any ablative polymeric material (i.e. in presence of pure air) 202 and ablative vapor properties 204 are provided in an input module which conveys such values to the vapor mixing module 206 of the computation and simulation module. The vapor mixing module 206 then solves the species conservation equation based on the inputted values of mass flow/vaporization rate, diffusion coefficient and mass density to calculate mass fraction of different species (ablative vapor). The vapor mixing module 206, based on the calculated values of mass fraction of different species (ablative vapor), calculates the modified properties of plasma and provides them to CFD module 208. Emag calculation module provides values of Momentum Source 210 and Ohmic Source 212 to the CFD module 208. Further, values for Radiation 214, obtained by solving NEC, and Diffusivity 216 are provided to the CFD module 208. The CFD-EMag interface further solves the Maxwell equation. The CFD module 208, based on the inputted values corresponding to modified properties of plasma, inputted values from EMag module (210 and 212) and those corresponding to radiation 214 and diffusivity 216, solves continuity, momentum and energy equation(s) to get temperature, pressure and velocity distribution in the simulated arc chamber. The output module, operatively coupled to the CFD module 208, is configured to provide one or more arcing parameters of the ablative polymer including temperature, pressure, velocity distribution and the like as an output. The values corresponding to temperature and pressure in the simulated arc chamber can be fed to the input module to update plasma properties and ablative vapor properties at every iteration. Provision of feeding updated temperature and pressure values to the input module at every iteration enables the system to model non-linear variation of plasma properties.
[0036] Figure 3 illustrates an exemplary flowchart 300 depicting estimation of mass fraction of ablative vapor at the vapor mixing module 206. Based on the inputted values of arc power and enthalpy of vaporization of the ablative material, the module 206 estimates mass erosion rate as shown at the step 302. Further, the input module provides values corresponding to ablative material properties, diffusion coefficients and mass density to the vapor mixing module as shown at the step of 304. Based on the values shown in the steps 302 and 304, vapor mixing module 206 solves the Navier stokes equation (as shown at the step 306) to estimate mass fraction of ablative vapor as shown at the step 308. Vapor mixing module simulates vapor diffusion in an arcing chamber, to find mass fraction of the ablated vapor in the arcing chamber and hence, models the modified properties of plasma mixture based on mass fraction.
[0037] The advantageous system realized in accordance with embodiments of the present invention can be used to study the influence of different ablative polymeric materials on the arc behavior during arc-motion process. Further, the Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis on Miniature Circuit Breaker (MCB) arc chamber geometry was performed to understand the influence of ablative polymers on various arc parameters. The gases induced in the arc chamber can exhibit a positive effect on the arc plasma behavior and can facilitate the arc quenching. Due to inclusion of ablative vapors in arcing plasma, various species of carbon and hydrogen atoms (C, C+, C++, H, H+, C2, H2, CH, CO, CN, OH, HN, NO, C2+, H2+, O2+, N2+, CH+, CO+, CN+, OH+, HN+) gets added to pure air species and can change the equilibrium composition and hence, can modify the thermodynamic & transport properties compared to pure air plasma. The influence of polymer vapor on the temperature field, arc voltage, arc velocity and mass fraction distribution was studied using the system realized in accordance with embodiments of the present disclosure. Following important conclusions were drawn from the analysis -
i) The use of ablative polymers modifies the arc plasma properties and reduces the arc temperature.
ii) The use of ablative polymers affects the gas flow and lead to faster movement of the arc column.
iii) The use of ablative polymers increases the arc potential.
[0038] In an embodiment, the system, realized in accordance with various embodiments of the present disclosure, is utilized to analyze the effect of different ablative polymers (PMMA, POM, Polyamide blend and PTFE) on various arcing parameters and to select appropriate material for its utility in the construction of arc chamber for effective arc quenching. In an embodiment, the mass-fraction equation can be used in the system on the basis of traditional mass, momentum, and energy-balance Navier-Stokes equation. The existence of two different species can be taken into account by interpolation of the material functions/properties according to their mass fraction in the arc chamber. The vapor diffusion process in the arc chamber and distribution of vapor concentration can be simulated using vapor mixing module of the computation and simulation module. The distributions of temperature field, velocity field, potential gradient and mass fraction in the arc chamber can be estimated for different vapor mixtures using this system. From the studies conducted on various polymeric materials, it can be concluded that the polyamide exhibits desired properties to be used in the construction of arcing chamber as ablative polymer for effective arc quenching.
[0039] An aspect of the present disclosure provides polyamide blend as an ablative polymeric material for its utility in arcing chamber for effective arc quenching. Polyamide (C12H22N2O2)n blend, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, exhibits the greatest specific heat in the temperature range below 8000 K. This can be explained by dissociation of CHN, C4N2, CH4, C2H4 and other compounds, which are strongly influenced by the dissociation of nitrogen containing particles. Because of higher specific heat below 8000 K compared to other polymers, it has the highest convective heat loss, which can lead to contraction of the high-temperature region. Emission coefficient and constant-pressure specific heat are the major contributing properties in temperature reduction in case of the Polyamide blend. Further, ablation of polyamide blend causes the highest arc voltage because of its lowest electrical conductivity at temperatures 3000–5000 K compared to other polymeric materials. Vapors of polyamide blend exhibit greater plasma-quenching efficiency compared to other polymer materials including PTFE, POM, PMMA, and PE.
[0040] During short circuit interruption, higher chamber pressure can lead to the higher arc voltage which can result in better current-limiting performance and higher breakdown strength during recovery. Breakdown strength depends on the pressure at breakdown, cathode temperature, contact material and carbon (C) deposits on the contacts. Though, polyamide blend exhibits somewhat lower pressure rise, it still exhibits relatively high breakdown strength. The high breakdown strength of polyamide can be attributed to its low solid carbon residue, high percentage vaporized, and perhaps its high ethylene content. Low carbon production of polyamide can be attributed to the aliphatic (linear) structure of polyamide, as opposed to aromatic (ring) carbon molecular structure present in polyesters and other polymeric materials. Release of hydrogen components (H and H2) can contribute to increase in thermal conductivity of arcing plasma. Hydrogen has the highest dielectric strength at current zero and highest subsequent rate of dielectric recovery compared with air, helium, carbon dioxide, and oxygen. It can also modify electrical conductivity by reducing electron density and hence, can help in reducing arc quenching time. An appropriate or small amount of gassing with a high composition of hydrogen can also lead to rapid arc cooling and fast dielectric strength recovery, which is more preferred than just large amount of out gassing for current limiting and current interruption applications. Carbon can contribute to increase in the plasma electrical conductivity and hydrogen components (H and H2) can contribute to increase in the plasma thermal conductivity. The electrical conductivity of air is higher than that of polyamide grade below temperature 6500 K which is directly linked with the electron number density.
[0041] In an embodiment, the disclosure provides a polyamide blend that exhibits superior performance as compared to other polymers, with low arc temperature, high arc velocity and high arc voltage which are favourable for arc quenching. In accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, utilization of polyamide blend as ablative polymer in arcing chamber exhibits reduction in temperature in the range of 10-15%, increase in the velocity of the gas flow by 2-3 times and increase in arc voltage by 3-5% compared to utilization of other polymeric materials as ablative polymer in arcing chamber.
[0042] Another aspect of the present disclosure provides an arc chamber for a circuit breaker assembly including polyamide blend as an ablative polymeric material for providing effective arc quenching. In an embodiment, the circuit breaker assembly can be a low voltage circuit assembly. In an embodiment, at least a part of the inner portion of the arc chamber includes a layer of polyamide blend with molecular formula (C12H22N2O2)n, wherein n can be greater than or equal to 1 as an ablative polymer. In an embodiment, the inner portion(s) of the arc chamber can be coated with polyamide blend. In another embodiment, the polyamide blend can be deposited on the inner portion(s) of the arc chamber. In still another embodiment, a layer (strip, sheet and the like) made of polyamide blend can be provided on the inner portion(s) of the arc chamber. Further, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that one can easily contemplate numerous other ways of providing and using polyamide blend as an ablative polymer in the arc chamber without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention. An exemplary MCB arcing chamber 102, in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure, is illustrated in Figure 1 depicting positioning of polyamide blend as an ablative polymer 104 on the two side walls of the arc chamber in relation to top and bottom arc runners (108 and 106 respectively), arc chute plates 110 and vent 112. As illustrated, the ablative polyamide blend can be supported by two side walls of the chamber facing each other and perpendicular to the contact separation in a diverging section of the arc chamber. Though, the ablative polyamide blend is provided (supported) on two side walls of the arc chamber in some embodiments of the present disclosure, a person skilled in the art would appreciate that polyamide blend as an ablative polymer can be provided on any other part of the arc chamber.
[0043] While the foregoing describes various embodiments of the invention, other and further embodiments of the invention may be devised without departing from the basic scope thereof. The scope of the invention is determined by the claims that follow. The invention is not limited to the described embodiments, versions or examples, which are included to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make and use the invention when combined with information and knowledge available to the person having ordinary skill in the art.

ADVANTAGES OF THE INVENTION
[0044] The present disclosure overcomes disadvantages associated with conventional methods and material used for arc quenching.
[0045] The present disclosure provides a system using a numerical model based on computational fluid dynamics (CFD) for evaluating perspective gassing material produced from various ablative polymers used in the switching devices during arcing.
[0046] The present disclosure provides an ablative polymer by investigating the influence of various polymers on the arc behavior.
[0047] The present disclosure provides an ablative polymer with higher arc quenching efficiency.
[0048] The present disclosure provides an ablative polymer that reduces the arc temperature, changes its velocity/flow velocity and increases the arc voltage and dielectric breakdown strength.