Field of Invention
This present invention relates to a device and method for the design and development of two wheeler accident detection and emergency sos alert which is capable of automatically detecting the fall of the driver using certain sensors and transmitting the alert message along with the location to the family members using GSM & GPS module.The tilt of the helmet is sensed by the tilt sensor and the tilt of the vehicle is sensed by MPU6050 .The tilt sensor sends the message of the till to a buzzer which beeps for 15 seconds. There will be a push button in the helmet to find whether the driver is in consciousness.

Background of the invention and the prior art

The main objective of this invention is to detect the accident of two wheelers and intimidating it to the family members about the accident.lt is also capable of sensing the location of the accident happening with the help of GPS and sending the coordinates to the nearby hospitals.This invention solve the problem that conventional motorcycles/scooters are unable to automatically detect an accident and automatically issue an accident notification when an accident occurs while driving, thereby delaying the arrival liming of an ambulance to rescue the two wheeler driver or passenger or both.This invention works completely wireless.

From the US patent application named “Method for motorcycle accident detection and notification” with application number -20190232907 by Tong-Min Lin , he disclose it is a project that as a method for accident detection and notification using a wireless communication and instrumentation system.The wireless communication device may be a portable wireless communication device carried by the rider of the motorcycle or a built-in wireless communication device of the motorcycle. The following steps are performed. Get motorcycle speeds and corresponding time data. Determine if the motorcycle has overturned, and if so, the rollover sensor will send a rollover signal, and then the instrument system will determine whether an accident should be reported by comparing the differences between the speeds before and after the rollover signal is generated. If positive, the accident signal is sent to a wireless communication device, which then sends accident messages to emergency contacts, enabling them to notify the police and rescue the motorcycle rider.

From the US patent application named “Process for determining lateral overturning of vehicle and occupant protection system in vehicle” with application number -20010038202 by Shigeo Tobaru , Fliroyuki Macda , Osamu Takahata , they disclose it as a The process of determining the rollover of a vehicle involves determining a threshold value of the line S separating the region of rollover further from the origin and the region of no rollover closer to the origin on the two-dimensional map created using the roll angle and rolling angular velocity in vehicles. When the hysteresis line for the vehicle’s actual bank angles and actual roll angular rates crosses the threshold line from the side no-rollover region to the side rollover region, it is determined that there is a possibility of a side rollover of the vehicle and the occupant protection system can be deployed accordingly. Also, to ensure accuracy, a lateral acceleration sensor to detect the lateral acceleration to determine the S threshold line is located on the midplane of the vehicle body.
From the US patent named ‘'Automated vehicular accident detection” with the application number - 20160358081 by Karl .1. Cama , Norbert Herman, Shubhadip Ray , they disclose it as method for a vehicle accident detection The method includes receiving location coordinates associated with the location of the .traffic accident. Data related to the possible causes of a traffic accident are received from sensors. Traffic-related rules associated with geographic location are retrieved and analyzed with respect to the data. Parameters associated with at least one vehicle involved in a traffic accident and a possible cause are detenuined by executing programming logic and transmitted to other systems. The possible cause of a traffic accident is determined from all possible causes based on the relevant current and historical circumstances of the accident. In addition, weighting factors may be available that can be adjusted over time for accurate accident detection. The possible cause containing the largest weighting factor can be used to identify the most likely cause.

From the US patent named “Method for smartphone-based accident detection” with the application number -17071905 by Jayanta Pal,Bipul Islam,Romit Roy Choudhury,Pankaj Risbood,Jonathan Matus.Vishal Verma,they disclose it as A method and system for detecting a vehicle accident, the method comprising: receiving a set of motion data collected in at least one of position sensors and motion sensors arranged in the vehicle during a time period of vehicle motion, extracting a set of motion features associated with at least one of the positions, speeds and accelerations characterizing the movement of the vehicle during a period of time, the detection of a traffic accident event from the processing of a set of motion elements with an accident detection model, and in response to the detection of a traffic accident event, automatically triggers an accident response action.
From the Indian patent named “System And Method For Vehicle Accident Detection, Reporting, And Navigation”- 202111006069 by Vinamra Bajaj ,he disclose it as response to the detection that the vehicle has been involved in a crash, send information identifying the mobile computing device and information corresponding to the crash through the communication circuits and the crash detection server. The accelerometer measures the rate of change of slope and the change of slope observed or detected is greater than a pre-deftned slope (depending on the design of the vehicle), then this triggers the process unit and triggers an alarm. So the message is generated for the crash. It is an independent and automatic warning device, system and method. The cited invention may be associated with a vehicle, such as a car, truck, marine vessel, etc., or with a person, such as worn personally or on clothing, such as a lifejacket, or associated with security equipment, such as a black box recorder or flotation device. In this description, a device may be capable of transmitting an alert and/or information related to an accident through various media such as sending packet dala/packet radio communication, short range wirelcss/Bluetooth. radio frequency (RF) including telephone (cell phone) GPS and internal maps. From the US patent namecTVchicIc exception event management systems” -10471828 by James Plante, Ramesh Kasnvaraju, Gregory Maura, Andrew Nickerson they disclose it as a Extraordinary event recorders and analysis systems include: vehicle-mounted sensors arranged as an in-vehicle event recorder to capture both discrete and non-discrete data; discretization device; database; and analytics server, all connected as a computer network. Motor vehicles with video cameras and on-board diagnostic systems capture data when the vehicle is involved in an accident or other anomaly ("event"). At the non-discrete data interpretation station, i.e. the discretization facility, the captured data is used as a basis for the production of additional discrete data for further characterization of the event. The data thus interpreted is combined with the captured data and entered into a database in a structure that is searchable and that supports logical or mathematical analysis by automated machines. The linked analytics server is arranged to test the stored data for prescribed conditions and, upon finding them, to initiate further actions appropriate to the detected condition.

From the Indian patent named”Automatic Bike Fall Detection System” -201621024080 by Khurram Shaikh, Malaviya Manish, Ankush pawar , they disclose it as The present invention describes an automatic fall detection system for a bicycle consisting of a stationary device mounted on a bicycle containing a beacon, an accelerometer, a gyro sensor, a microcontroller, a mobile phone containing a mobile application, a means for initiating an information exchange, and communication systems. The mobile handset automatically connects to a stationary device with BLE (Bluetooth low energy) support via Bluetooth when it is in range with the stationary device, and the GPS device allows the user to calculate the speed at which the bicycle is traveling. When the wheel speed reaches the set threshold, the exchange of information between the stationary device and the mobile phone begins. When the wheel angle decreases above the preset value and the acceleration equals the set threshold, an emergency notification is sent from the mobile application to the preset emergency contacts.

From the US patent named “Notification and tracking system for mobile devices”-201213604372-A by Reitnour Philip A,Reitnour Benjamin F,Reitnour Nicholas R,Reitnour John T, they disclose it as Notification and tracking system for mobile devices. The system includes an application for mobile devices that is adapted to be stored in the memory of the mobile device. When activated, the application determines the GPS coordinates of the mobile device, records digital images for a period of time, sends a preset message from the mobile device to at least one recipient, preferably a rescue team such as a security monitoring station, and sends the GPS coordinates and digital images. Coordinates and images can be sent to a remote server to be stored and accessed by emergency services. Coordinates and images are regularly updated and sent when the program is activated.The present invention is directed to a notification and tracking/monitoring system for mobile devices. The system preferably includes an application controllable on the mobile device which, when activated, such as in an emergency, causes the system to determine a set of global positioning system (GPS) coordinates associated with the location of the mobile device. The camera on the mobile device is activated to record digital images for a certain period of lime. Digital images can contain a video stream or still images. A set of GPS coordinates and digital images arc sent from the mobile device, preferably to a storage device such as a remote server. The application can also activate the microphone on the mobile device to record audio sounds from the mobile device. Audio data can be sent with digital images.
Detailed description of the Invention:
According 10 AS1RT, around 1.3 million people are killed and 20-50 million injured or damaged in traffic collisions worldwide. When several injured citizens may die because on-site treatment is not offered as a result: late accident reporting, wrong location and lack of injured medical information, an automated and well-equipped mobile solution is needed to overcome this pressure. The new technologies available to support passengers in the event of a two-wheeler collision are mostly post-event customer interactions. These mobile solutions enable an injured individual, whether in a critical or serious non-life threatening situation. When passengers are unconscious, the buzzer beeps continuously and an emergency message along with the location is sent to family members and nearby medical centers.

The invention provides a system that identifies the location of the accident and reports it to nearby assistance centers. This system is designed to detect and report an accident using GPS (Global Positioning System) and GSM (Global System for Mobile Communication) and certain sensors. The invention provides a device that identifies, avoids, resolves an incident and warns.emergency personnel immediately. The device in case of any mishap/accident will send instant SMS message for family members, ambulance and other emergencies.Advantageously, the device also identifies and provides the location of the accident and reports it to nearby assistance centers. Advantageously, the device works efficiently in remote areas as compared to the existing system which is not able to work efficiently in remote areas.

• HELMET AND IGNITION SYSTEM OF THE BIKE:
Nowadays, there are many cases of bicycle accidents around us. People get hurt or can be dead, and one of the main reasons is not wearing a helmet. Many people who could have saved their lives in the event of an accident would have been wearing a helmet at the time of the accident. This invention describes a helmet with a force sensor mounted inside. The bike will not start without the helmet on by the user, because the user is wearing the helmet, the force sensor senses the force and once these signals are detected, the ignition switch of the bike starter. There are two circuits - transmitter and receiver. The transmitter is mounted on the helmet and the receiver is on the bike's ignition. The main advantage of the system is the use of wireless infrared sensors.
When the rider wears the helmet, the rider's head presses the force sensor. When the sensor is pressed, it registers a certain force and encodes a signal. This coded signal is passed to the transmitter module. The transmitter module has an antenna that transmits the signal to the receiver. Now if the rider takes off the helmet while the ignition is on, the force sensor will retract and the signal will stop. So no signal is sent to the receiver. The transmitter module transmits a signal. The antenna in the receiver module receives the signal.
This system discloses a motorcycle ignition control system that ignites the engine if the rider is not wearing a helmet. In this system, helmet recognition is based on data from a force sensor placed between the helmet and the driver's head. This is used with the rf transmitter to confirm

♦ Un n t Um if n it- fhn ^/il ■ nil /i/\ i*i /1111 a t un t In 1 nn i fi m tmo OllL’Inm I o
used wiili i f receivers and motors instead of motors and motor controllers instead of ecu. when the driver wears a helmet, the force sensor senses the pressure and the Rf transmitter is activated and sends any data using the controller, in the ignition part, the Rf receiver is always waiting for the transmitter to send some data, and when that happens, the receiver activates the motor controller using the controller and the engine starts again it will start rotating until the driver takes off the helmet and the transmitter stops sending data.

• BIKE TILT:
The MPU-6050 chip will be used for this part of the design chip.lt contains a total of 6 axes, 3 axes for the gyroscope and also 3 axes for the accelerometer will be communicate with the microcontroller using an 12C serial connection (SDA, SCL). It also sends an interrupt signal to the microcontroller indicating that data is ready to be transmitted to the FIFO buffer register to the microcontroller.

This system embodied the identification of wheel tilt using built-in sensors. To detect the tilt of the motorcycle, we used the MPU6050 sensor, which is a three-axis accelerometer and a three-axis gyroscope that helps us measure speed, orientation, acceleration, displacement and other molion-fike functions. The integration part is that we need maximum patience, finding a motorcycle crash is not easy. We tried to test the three-axis gyro and accelerometer values for a wide range of sensor tilts, and as a result vve conclude that the parameter comes from manipulating the triaxial gyroscopes and the accelerometer points at the lower and upper limits for which the wheel remains stable, and we could probably arrive at the value of the parameter for the fallen wheel, from the above results, it is quite transparent that the first part of the accident detection is the motorcycle tilt detection and vve come to the case of Yes or No, where "Yes" means for the next step in the test cases to detect an accident that is related to bike seat module and "No" means that there was neither an accident nor a tilt of the bike, and the whole system repeals the process of reading the lilt of the bike until it finds nothing.

• HELMET TILT MODULE:
Helmets arc worn to protect the wearer's head in many contexts. Common helmets include motorcycle helmets, bicycle helmets, sports helmets, combat helmets and the like. Because helmets provide protection against impacts and accidents, they arc ideally situated to protect important sensors and electronics that can be used to enhance the user experience and/or monitor and record accidents and other events.

The main objective of this patent is to build a security system that is integrated with a helmet for lowering the probability of two-wheeler accidents. The force sensor checks whether a person is wearing or not wearing a helmet.Tilt sensors detect the lilt of the helmet during the lime of the accident. If the rider does not have a helmet, the ignition system will remain off. Bike stalls until the rider puts on the helmet. When the rider crashes, the helmet hits the ground, sensors delect movement and tilts of the helmet and reports the occurrence of an accident. It sends information about the corresponding placement of the rider's family members and emergency contact number An attempt lias been made to design a helmet that is useful for motorcyclists. Two modules have been produced, which are the helmet module and the bike module, which allow coordination between the rider and the motorcycle. The helmet module has a Force sensor arid a transmitter. The Force sensors ensure that the rider is wearing a helmet. The bike module has an accelerometer, a GPS-GSM modem and a communication modem. The accelerometer measures acceleration in real time and generates a signal (warning) in case of unusual acceleration. The GPS-GSM modem tracks the location of the motorcyclist and sends an emergency message in the event of an accident. The communication between the bike module and the helmet module takes place using the RF module

• BIKE SEA T MODULE :
Bike tilt is completely concerned with vehicle tilt detection and current enters the Bike seat module when the bike tilt sensor detects the bike falling over the threshold. An overview of the Bike seat module, which deals with driver seat occupancy identification using seat occupancy pressure sensors, commonly called force-sensing resistor arrays. Once the rider occupies the bike seat, the force sensor array under the scat is able to detect the pressure and the controller will confirm the presence of the rider on the bike. In such cases, there is uncertainty in accident detection because the bike is tilted, which is closed by the bike tilt module, and the person is still on the seat, which seems unnecessary and needs another test case to detect the next accident, in the event that the controller detects that there is no driver in the seal according to the data from the force sensor, it is absolutely certain that the bike is tilted and a person is off the bike and an accident has occurred, which activates the integrated GSM GPS system to send an alert message with names and contact numbers of nearby hospitals to the specified numbers.

• GPS-GSM MODULE:
Since the bike tilt and bike seat module deals with the detection of the bike tilt and the driver's seat occupancy. The third test case comes into play when a fall is detected on the bike and the driver is still sitting on the seat, in this case we are going to check the driver's awareness using sensors and buzzers. The system is used with a mercury tilt sensor along with the helmet that detects the lilt in the helmet, a buzzer with a button is also used in the system to test the driver's awareness, in case of tilting the helmet, the buzzer will become louder for 15 seconds and wait for the driver to press the button to test his awareness, in case the status of the button remains unchanged for the full 15 seconds, the system will report it as an accident and start the notification process by muting the buzzer, and if any change of button state is detected during the buzzing time, the system assumes that it is in a conscious state, that it can take care of itself and does not need any assistance, and the whole system repeats its process of testing the tilt wheel module.
This scheme helps to reduce the need for manual systems which are time consuming and inefficient to use. However, the proposed system is fully automatic and can operate without any manual interruption. So this automatic system is more efficient and cheaper and more convenient to use than ever possible. Therefore, it may be the preferred method of communication for management purposes.This system is activated only in two cases, it works in a fairly simple procedure where it reads the gps coordinates of the place in the instance in which the system is activated. The obtained coordinates are further used to find nearby hospitals and their contact details, which can be extracted from the json data obtained from the google map API. an alert message along with a google location link along with the name and contact details of nearby hospitals is sent to the phone numbers entered.

TEST CASES:
Testcasel rldenti ficat ion of bike tilt using embedded sensors(MPU6050)

Testcase2: Identification of driver occupancy in the seat by seat occupancy pressure sensors which is commonly called an array of force sensing resistors.
Testcase3:fall detected in the bike and still the driver is sitting in the seat.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWING:
The figures illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention.
Figurel :Fall detection ,GSM na bike tilt circuit Figure2:Helmet tilt transmitter circuit

Figurc3: Workflow of the accident detection and emergency SOS for two wheelers. Figure4:prototype of Accident detection and emergency SOS for two wheelers. Detailed description of drawings:
The main objective of this invention is to prevent the two wheeler accident death. The Accident Alert System requires an approach by which accident detection can be done on an early basis to save human life. So first of all the GPS will record the incoming information from the satellite and will also store positional data.The accident alert system may also be activated by activation of the pressure sensor. Once the message is send to GSM, it will get activated and will check the last gotten scope and longitude esteems from the stored values and GSM will also be used to send the accidents occurred information to the emergency server, that can be the hospital, and the relative of the user, this information is predefined in the program which is written in Arduino Uno. To design this Accident Detection and Alerting system we are required to use various components like Arduino, Force Sensors, and GPS & GSM Modules.

Figure!: depicts the circuit diagram of fall detection, GSM and bike lilt module. Jt comprises of an Arduino Uno,GSM (SIM800L) to send message to the emergency contacts , and MPU6050 which acts as both gyroscope and accelerometer sensor used to detect the tilt of the bike,Force sensor which is placed in helmet to ensure whether the rider wear helmet and it is also placed in the bike seat to ensure the rider is in seat during the time of the accident, GPS module to track the driver's location and it is sent along with the message in case of the occurrence of the collision and RF receiver which receives the signal from the helmet transmitter.

Figure2:depicts the circuit diagram of helmet tilt transmitter.lt compromises of an Arduino Uno, RF receiver which receives the signal from the Force sensor,tilt sensor is used when the rider crashes, the helmet hits the ground, sensors detect movement and tilts of the helmet and reports the occurrence of an accident. It sends information about the corresponding placement of the rider's family members and emergency contact number,a buzzer and a push button which is to be pressed by the rider if he is conscious after the collisions.

Figure3:depicts the workflow of accident detection and emergency SOS for two wheelers.This describes the whole working flow of this system(from the time of the accident to alerting the emergency contacts). When in the time of accident the angle of the vehicle lends to change, with respect to the c-hange.the MP1J 6050 module in the device delects the change in the angle of the vehicle. This module detects the change in the threshold angle and sends the message through GSM module to the emergency contacts

Figure4:depicts the prototype of Accident detection and emergency SOS Tor two wlieelers.lt consists of a helmet ignition system,helmet tilt module,bike seat module.GPS-GSM module.The helmet ignition system ensures the rider to wear helmet . the ignition system of the bike will switch on only when the rider wear helmet.Helmet tilt module predicts the accident with the help of a mercury tilt sensor and a buzzer .When the rider’s helmet touches the ground the buzzer starts to beep for 15 second .If the rider is in conscious he will press the push button to stop the buzzer which prevents the SOS device from sending alert if the rider does not press the push button the alert message will be send through GSM module along with the location.The obtained coordinates are further used to find nearby hospitals and their contact details, which can be extracted from the json data obtained from the google map API. an alert message along with a google location link along with the name and contact details of nearby hospitals is sent to the phone numbers entered.