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Adhesive Composition And Method For Bonding

Abstract: An adhesive for bonding comprising a blocked isocyanate and organic carbonate and optionally a phenoxy resin catalyst metal acetylacetonate and a process for using such an adhesive to bond elastomers such as liquid silicone rubber to substrates such as polycarbonate in an injection molding process.

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Notices, Deadlines & Correspondence

Patent Information

Application #
Filing Date
17 March 2018
Publication Number
26/2018
Publication Type
INA
Invention Field
POLYMER TECHNOLOGY
Status
Email
Parent Application

Applicants

LORD CORPORATION
111 Lord Drive Cary North Carolina 27511

Inventors

1. MOWREY Douglas H.
707 Spring Hill Drive Titusville Pennsylvania 16354
2. CARNEY Brian P.
1154 West 7th Street Erie Pennsylvania 16502
3. COWLES Rebecca S.
9396 Cherry Tree Drive Wattsburg Pennsylvania 16442
4. AGAG Tarek
1420 Four Seasons Trail Erie Pennsylvania 16506

Specification

[0001] The present application claims priority under 35 U.S.C. § 119(e) from U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 62/221,364 filed September 21, 2015, entitled "Adhesive for Injection Molding", and U.S. Provisional Patent Application Serial No. 62/295,854 filed February 16, 2016, entitled "Adhesive for Injection Molding", the disclosures of which are incorporated herein by reference. FIELD OF THE INVENTION [0002] The invention relates to an adhesive composition particularly suitable for injection molding operations, preferably those bonding silicone elastomers to polycarbonate, other plastics, metals, and other rigid substrates. BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION [0003] The unique performance of silicon rubbers (silicones) is attributed to the strong silicon-oxygen chemical bond as a repeating unit on its chemical structure. They are odorless, tasteless, do not support bacterial growth and do not stain or corrode other materials. It has outstanding chemical resistance against oxidation and many chemicals, including some acids, alkali solutions, solvents, oils and fuels and water. Silicones withstand a wider range of temperature extremes than most other elastomers. They also have excellent insulating properties as well as flexibility in electrical applications. [0004] One of the commonly used of silicones is an addition-cured liquid silicone rubber (LSR) which is typically provided as a 2-part composition, one containing vinylated silicon polymer and a platinum (Pt) catalyst, and vinylated silicon polymer and Si-H oligomer in the other. Both are mixed just before use, followed by heating for vulcanization at high temperature. Another form of silicone is referred to as HCR (high consistency rubber). In this form, a platinum catalyst, via a two-roll mill, is added to a high viscosity silicone matrix containing hydrosilane and vinyl groups. [0005] Molding addition-cured silicone onto a thermoplastic substrate, particularly polycarbonate, polyester, and polyamide, results in multi material design and performance that combines the best attributes of both substrates. However, it is not an easy task to get robust adhesion of cured silicone to plastics because of low surface energy and lack of functional groups. Therefore, it is necessary to change or improve the surface properties of the plastic without altering the bulk properties. Several techniques are used to modify the surface for improved adhesion, including plasma treatment, mechanical or chemical treatment, and exposure to flames, photons or ion beams. Among these techniques, plasma treatment is a commonly used method to improve the wettability and adhesion. Such treatment leads to surface oxidization, increasing its surface energy and creating roughness. However, there are performance reproducibility issues associated with the use of plasma treatment. Additionally, even the aforementioned surface treatment techniques do not yield a surface that will covalently bond to silicone. [0006] Further, in addition to addition-cured silicone rubber, it would be desirable to provide an adhesive for injection molding peroxide cured elastomers to rigid substrates. Peroxide cured elastomers such as fluoroelastomers (FKM) and hydrogenated nitrile butadiene rubber (HNBR) have broad utility in injection molding, however they can be challenging to bond to rigid substrates like polyamide or steel. [0007] Therefore, an adhesive system that bonds addition-cured silicone to plastics, metals, and other rigid substrates, while eliminating the need for addition surface treatments, would have a significant impact on manufacturing efficiency along with more consistency in bonding. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION [0008] In a first embodiment of the present invention, an adhesive is provided that is capable of bonding a wide assortment of rigid substrates, particularly plastics such as polycarbonate, to liquid silicone rubber (LSR) compounds during the curing step of the rubber. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, this curing step is initiated in a mold to acquire the desired geometry and can optionally be later finished in a post curing step. [0009] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the adhesive is believed to comprise utility beyond bonding LSR to various substrates, for example lab studies have indicated excellent adhesion between aluminum and TPSiV® elastomer (a unique hybrid of thermoplastic urethane (TPU) and crosslinked silicone rubber available from Dow Corning Company). Additionally, the adhesive of an embodiment of the present invention has utility across a variety of silicone rubbers including high and low temperature cured silicones. Additional substrates have included: polycarbonate, glass, stainless steel, aluminum, nylon, and Arnitel® (a high-performance thermoplastic copolyester available from DSM Engineering Plastics). [0010] In one embodiment of the present invention, the adhesive solves several problems encountered today when using traditional LSR adhesives. Since the adhesives of the present invention are not based on silane chemistry they have improved coated part layover and resistance to high humidity. Parts can be coated with the single coat adhesive by spray or brush techniques and can sit for several days under normal plant conditions and maintain the capability of bonding the dissimilar materials. These adhesives are also capable of bonding a wider range of rigid substrates compared to a silane-based adhesive. [0011] The adhesives of the present invention also provides robust adhesion to the various substrates and often do not require a plasma treating step to improve the surface for bonding. Removing this step is labor saving and saves the end user both time and money. The adhesive is thought to provide robust performance by having the ability to bond many rigid substrates to many different plastic compositions. [0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, an adhesive is provided for bonding a variety of rigid substrates to elastomers, plastics, and TPVs. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the adhesive is particularly useful for injection molding operations where the adhesive is applied to a substrate and a liquid silicone rubber (LSR) is applied through an injection molding operation at elevated temperature and pressure. The adhesive provides excellent adhesion to a variety of substrates including nylon, polycarbonate, stainless steel, aluminum, glass, steel and fabric. Further, the range of adhesion to liquid silicone rubbers includes a variety of filled and unfilled, colored or transparent liquid silicone rubber compounds. [0013] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, an adhesive is provided that bonds various grades of platinum-cured liquid silicone rubber (LSR) to polycarbonate at a low temperature curing temperature (65 °C) without the need for any surface pretreatment process, such as plasma, corona, flame, or solvent treatment. The adhesive system gives bond strengths that exceed the tear strength of the LSR material. The adhesive shows favorable spraying characteristics that allow it to be easily applied with an air powered spray gun. These attributes include low viscosity, fast drying time, good wetting of polymer/metal surfaces, and homogeneous consistency. [0014] In some embodiments of the present invention, the adhesive is provided in a one-pack (IK) system, which is a great advantage relative to two-pack systems (2K) to facilitate the use of the material for the end user. The use of a IK helps to avoid common operator issues associated with 2K materials, including improper mix ratios, insufficient induction periods, and inadequate mixing. However, in many embodiments of the present invention, the adhesive may be provided as either a one-pack or two-pack system, and the adhesive formulations described herein will generally be described in the as-applied condition, i.e. either a one-pack or the two-pack after mixing. [0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, an adhesive formulation is provided that is particularly effective at bonding peroxide cured elastomers, and solves several problems encountered with previous aqueous adhesives for peroxide cure elastomers. Peroxide cured elastomers such as FKM and HNBR cure through a different mechanism than addition cured materials and therefore the adhesive is modified slightly to beneficially interact with the cure system. First, the adhesive will bond many types of substrates due to the chemistry whereas the previous known compositions are limited in what they can bond. Second, the composition has built in flexibility and toughness not found in previous formulations. Previous formulations required peroxide from the rubber for the adhesive film to cure properly and adhere to the metal substrate and now the inventive adhesive can partially cure without the need for additional peroxide. This makes the inventive adhesive more robust for bonding both substrates and peroxide curing compounds. [0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, the adhesive formulations comprise an aqueous delivery system, which is good for employees and the environment, and can be provided as a single coat system which works without the need for plasma or other surface treatment or priming of the substrate. Additionally, the adhesives of certain embodiments of the present invention demonstrate at least a 72 hour layover resistance while still providing excellent adhesion, and provides greater adhesion that the bulk cohesion of LSR so as to provide rubber- tearing bonds. In alternate embodiments of the present invention, the adhesive formulation is provided in a solvent-based delivery system, which may be more effective at solvating certain constituent materials or swelling the substrates to provide more effective bonding. [0017] In a further embodiment of the present invention, an adhesive for injection or compression molding is provided comprising a phenoxy resin and an organic carbonate. In additional embodiments of the invention, the adhesive further comprises an isocyanate, preferably a blocked isocyanate, and most preferably a blocked isocyanate comprises a self-blocked isocyanate, such as MDI-uretdione. Further optional constituents comprise a metal acetylacetonate, preferably zinc acetylacetonate, a platinum catalyst, an organic carbonate, preferably propylene carbonate, and a polyurethane resin, an allyl methoxy silane, or a bismaleimide. [0018] In another embodiment of the present invention, the polymeric constituents consist essentially of a self -blocked isocyanate, and phenoxy resin, and wherein the adhesive further comprises propylene carbonate, a water or solvent carrier, and optionally a catalyst or metal acetylacetonate. [0019] In yet another embodiment of the present invention, the adhesive comprises a phenoxy resin and organic carbonate and further comprises a self -blocked isocyanate, platinum catalyst, carrier fluid, and optionally at least one of a metal acetylacetonate, allyl methoxy silane, or bismaleimide, wherein, the phenoxy resin is present from about 5 to about 90 weight percent, the organic carbonate is present from about 2 to about 25 weight percent, the self-blocked isocyanate is present from about 1 to about 10 weight percent, the platinum catalyst is present from about 0.01 up to about 1.0 weight percent, the metal acetylacetonate is present up to about 10 weight percent, the allyl methoxy silane is present up to about 10 weight percent, the bismaleimide is present up to about 40 weight percent, and the carrier fluid is present from about 50 to about 90 weight percent, wherein the amounts are based on the total weight of the adhesive composition as applied to a substrate. [0020] In a still further embodiment of the present invention, the adhesive comprises a fluid carrier, 5.00 to 25.00 percent by weight of an organic carbonate, and the following components adding up to 100 percent by weight relative to each other, a phenoxy resin from 50.00 to 99.99 percent by weight, a blocked isocyanate from 0 to 10.00 percent by weight, a metal acetylacetonate from 0.00 to 5.00 percent by weight, and a platinum catalyst from 0.0001 to 0.70 percent by weight. This adhesive is particularly well suited for bonding an assembly comprising a low temperature cured liquid silicone rubber bonded to a rigid substrate. [0021] In another embodiment of the present invention, the adhesive comprises a fluid carrier, 5.00 to 25.00 percent by weight of an organic carbonate, and the following components adding up to 100 percent by weight relative to each other, a phenoxy resin from 50.00 to 99.99 percent by weight, a blocked isocyanate from 10.00 to 50.00 percent by weight, a metal acetylacetonate from 0.00 to 10.00 percent by weight, and a platinum catalyst from 0.006 to 1.00 percent by weight. This adhesive is particularly well suited for bonding an assembly comprising a high temperature cured liquid silicone rubber bonded to a rigid substrate. [0022] In one embodiment of the present invention, the adhesive consists essentially of a phenoxy resin, organic carbonate, a self -blocked isocyanate, platinum catalyst, carrier fluid, and optionally at least one of a metal acetylacetonate, allyl methoxy silane, or bismaleimide; wherein, the phenoxy resin is present from about 5 to about 50 weight percent, the organic carbonate is present from about 2 to about 25 weight percent, the self-blocked isocyanate is present from about 1 to about 10 weight percent, the platinum catalyst is present from about 0.01 up to about 1.0 weight percent, the metal acetylacetonate is present up to about 10 weight percent, the allyl methoxy silane is present up to about 10 weight percent, the bismaleimide is present up to about 40 weight percent, and the carrier fluid is present from about 50 to about 90 weight percent, wherein the amounts are based on the total weight of the adhesive composition as applied to a substrate. [0023] There is also provided in an embodiment of the present invention an adhesive comprising a blocked isocyanate and a phenoxy resin, and optionally a metal acetylacetonate, and bismaleimide. Further, in a preferred embodiment, the polymeric constituents of the adhesive consist essentially of a self-blocked isocyanate, a phenoxy resin, and bismaleimide, and the adhesive further comprises a water or solvent carrier and optional filler materials. [0024] In one embodiment of the present invention, a process for bonding an injection molded article is provided, comprising a) providing in an injection molding cavity a rigid substrate having an adhesive comprising a blocked isocyanate and a phenoxy resin applied thereto, b) injecting into the injection molding cavity a liquid material at a temperature and pressure to allow the liquid material to flow and contact a portion of the adhesive-applied section of the rigid substrate, and c) maintaining the temperature and pressure sufficient to solidify the liquid material and form an adhesive bond between the material and the rigid substrate. [0025] In another embodiment of the present invention, a process for bonding an injection molded article is provided comprising a) providing in an injection molding cavity a rigid substrate having an adhesive comprising a phenoxy resin and an organic carbonate applied thereto, b) injecting into the injection molding cavity a liquid material at a temperature and pressure to allow the liquid material to flow and contact a portion of the adhesive-applied section of the rigid substrate, and c) maintaining the temperature and pressure sufficient to solidify the liquid material and form an adhesive bond between the material and the rigid substrate. [0026] Thus, there has been outlined, rather broadly, the more important features of the invention in order that the detailed description that follows may be better understood and in order that the present contribution to the art may be better appreciated. There are, obviously, additional features of the invention that will be described hereinafter and which will form the subject matter of the claims appended hereto. In this respect, before explaining several embodiments of the invention in detail, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited in its application to the details and construction and to the arrangement of the components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the drawings. The invention is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced and carried out in various ways. [0027] It is also to be understood that the phraseology and terminology herein are for the purposes of description and should not be regarded as limiting in any respect. Those skilled in the art will appreciate the concepts upon which this disclosure is based and that it may readily be utilized as the basis for designating other structures, methods and systems for carrying out the several purposes of this development. It is important that the claims be regarded as including such equivalent constructions insofar as they do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION [0028] In one embodiment of the present invention, an adhesive is provided comprising a blocked isocyanate, preferably a self -blocked isocyanate, a phenoxy resin, platinum catalyst, zinc acetylacetonate, propylene carbonate, and either a water or solvent carrier. In a further embodiment of the present invention, the isocyanate material may be omitted entirely for health and environmental considerations when bonding to certain substrates. In a still further embodiment, the adhesive is prepared without the zinc acetylacetonate. These adhesives are particularly well suited for bonding liquid silicone rubbers to rigid substrates such as polycarbonate, thermoplastic copolyester, stainless steel, aluminum and glass. [0029] In another embodiment of the present invention, an adhesive is provided comprising a blocked isocyanate, preferably a self-blocked isocyanate, a water-based phenoxy resin, platinum catalyst, propylene carbonate, and water as a carrier. Optionally a wetting agent or surfactant may be provided. This adhesive finds particular utility in bonding high-temperature cured liquid silicone rubber to rigid substrates such as stainless steel or polycarbonate. [0030] In a further embodiment of the present invention, an adhesive is provided comprising a phenoxy resin, platinum catalyst, propylene carbonate and a solvent carrier, preferably a combination of methyl ethyl ketone and xylene. This adhesive finds particular utility in bonding low-temperature cured liquid silicone rubber to rigid substrates such as polycarbonate. [0031] In another embodiment of the present invention, an adhesive is provided comprising a blocked isocyanate, preferably a self-blocked isocyanate, a phenoxy resin, propylene carbonate, and a polyurethane resin in water. [0032] In an additional embodiment of the present invention, an adhesive is provided comprising a blocked isocyanate, preferably a self-blocked isocyanate, a phenoxy resin, propylene carbonate, and a solvent carrier, preferably cyclohexanone, with an optional glycol ether co-solvent. This adhesive is most useful when bonding TPSiV, polyaryletherketone (PAEK), polyphenylsulphone (PPSU) to rigid substrates such as aluminum and stainless steel. [0033] In another embodiment of the present invention, an adhesive is provided comprising a phenoxy resin, platinum catalyst, zinc acetylacetonate, propylene carbonate, and an allyl methoxy silane, in a water or solvent carrier. In a further embodiment of the present invention, the adhesive further comprises a blocked isocyanate, preferably a self-blocked isocyanate. This adhesive is particularly well suited for bonding a variety of liquid silicone rubbers to polycarbonate substrates. [0034] In a further embodiment of the present invention, an adhesive is provided comprising a blocked isocyanate, preferably a self-blocked isocyanate, a phenoxy resin, bismaleimide, and water. This adhesive is capable of bonding peroxide curing elastomers to a variety of substrates both rigid and flexible during the cure cycle of the rubber. Elastomers include but not limited to the following: ethylene propylene diene monomer (EPDM), FKM, HNBR, nitrile rubber (NBR), and silicone. Substrates include but not limited to the following: plastics (polyamide (PA), polycarbonate (PC), ARNITEL, TPSIV, PAEK, PEEK, and others), glass, fabric, stainless steel, zinc phosphatized steel, and aluminum. Notably, this embodiment does not require the metal acetylacetonate or organic carbonate that are employed in many and most other embodiments, respectively. [0035] In one embodiment of the present invention, the adhesive comprises a self -blocked isocyanate. Self -blocked isocyanates are also referred to as internally-blocked isocyanates and commonly comprise dimerized diisocyanates. [0036] Bis (cyclic ureas) are blocked aliphatic diisocyanates and are preferred in some embodiments because no by-products are formed upon thermal release of the reactive isocyanate groups. These comprise compounds that can be referred to as self-blocked isocyanates. Examples of these bis-cyclic ureas are described by Ulrich, ACS Symp. Ser. 172 519 (1981), Sherwood, J. Coat. Technol. 54 (689), 61 (1982) and Kirk-Othmer Encyclopedia of Chemical Technology, Third Edition, Volume 23, p. 584 all of which are incorporated herein by reference. As an example of such an internally-blocked isocyanate, uretdione-bound self-blocked isophorone diisocyanate, which is marketed from Huls Co. under a tradename "IPDI-BF 1540", may be cited. [0037] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the "internally blocked isocyanates" comprise the dimerized diisocyanates discussed above, however there may be some isocyanate functionalities on the ends of the molecule that are partially blocked or unblocked. These functionalities may react slowly with water and decrease shelf life in aqueous formulations, however the primary "internally blocked" isocyanate functionality remains reactive in the as-applied adhesive formulation and is available for bonding. [0038] In an alternate embodiment of the present invention, the self-blocked isocyanate comprises dimeric isocyanates such as dimeric toluene diisocyanate (TDI-uretdione), dimeric methylene diphenyl diisocyanate (MDI-uretdione) or a mixture thereof. An example of a uretdione of MDI is GRILBOND A2BOND available from EMS-Griltech (Switzerland), and an example of a uretdione of TDI is ADOLINK TT available from hein Chemie Rheinau GmBH (Mannheim, Germany). [0039] In an additional embodiment of the present invention, the isocyanate comprises a traditional blocked isocyanate. Blocked isocyanates are typically formed by the reaction of an isocyanate with either an active hydrogen or methylene compound such as malonic esters. When these blocked products are heated, the blocking agent is released and the isocyanate reacts when in the presence of an isocyanate-reactive species such as a phenoxy resin. [0040] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the isocyanates can be prepared in aqueous or solvent carriers. The isocyanates of the aqueous adhesive compositions of the present invention can be rendered hydrophilic by reaction with cationic, anionic and/or nonionic compounds containing isocyanate-reactive groups, or by admixture with external emuisifiers, or both, as is known in the art. The NCO functional groups of the isocyanate can also be partially or substantially totally blocked using known blocking agents and processes to aid in water dispersibility of the isocyanate. [0041] Also, for solvent-based embodiments of the present invention, the carrier solvent may act as an additional block of the isocyanate further adding to the stability of the system. [0042] In a further embodiment of the present invention, the adhesive comprises essentially no isocyanate, and in another embodiment of the present invention, the adhesive comprises no isocyanate. In such an embodiment, depending upon the substrates to be bonded, the isocyanate functionality is not required to produce a robust, rubber tearing bond. [0043] Phenoxy reins are commercially important thermoplastic polymers derived from bisphenols and epichlorohydrin. Their molecular weights are higher, i.e., at least about 45,000, than those of conventional epoxy resins, i.e., 8,000 maximum. They lack terminal epoxide functionality and are therefore thermally stable and can be fabricated by conventional thermoforming techniques. Phenoxy resins are prepared by reaction of high purity bisphenol A with epichlorohydrin in a 1 : 1 mole ratio. Solution polymerization may be employed to achieve the molecular weight and processability needed. [0044] A suitable example of a phenoxy resin that may be used in the present invention is a polymer of bisphenol "A", specifically, diglycidyl ethers of bisphenol "A". Suitable for use in the present invention as the phenoxy resin is that sold as Phenoxy Resin PKHW-35, and manufactured by Gabriel Performance Products in Ohio, USA. PKHW-35 is an amine-neutralized, carboxylated phenoxy resin in water, and is a waterborne product that is surfactant-free, colloidal in natured with excellent emulsion stability from 0°C. to 55°C, exhibiting a high degree of consistency in viscosity and solids, and having up to 40 percent solids by weight. [0045] In another embodiment of the present invention, a solvent-soluble phenoxy resin is employed for use in a solvent-based adhesive. Solvent-soluble phenoxy resins are known in the art from a number of producers, however particularly suitable examples of phenoxy resins for solvent-based adhesives include the solid PKHH grade sold by Phenoxy Associates or PKHS-40, which is a PKHH grade pre-dissolved in methylethyl ketone (MEK). [0046] Further examples of suitable amine neutralized, carboxylated phenoxy resins are those phenoxy resins which have been carboxylated with lower alkanoic acids having 1 to 6 carbon atoms such as formic acid, acetic acid, propionic acid, butyric acid, pentanoic acid and hexanoic acid, which have been amine neutralized, by reaction with ammonia or ammonium hydroxide. [0047] In one embodiment of the present invention, the adhesive further comprises a catalyst. The catalyst comprises a typical metal hydrosilylation catalyst and used in an amount specified below which is sufficient to effect the cure of the adhesive composition. In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the catalyst comprises a platinum cyclovinylmethylsiloxane complex. An additional suitable platinum catalyst is available from Ge!est, Inc. under the SIP 6830 designation, also known as Karstedt Catalyst, or a COD catalyst such as dichloro( 1 ,5-cyclooctadiene)platinum(II), available from Sigma-Aldrich, Missouri, USA. [0048] In another embodiment of the present invention, suitable catalysts include but are not limited to chloroplatinic acid, Karstedt's catalyst (Pt2{ [(CH2^!H)Me2Si]20 }3), Ashby's catalyst { [(CH2^ !H)MeSiO]4}3Pt, Wilkinson's catalyst [tris(triphenylphosphine)rhodium (I) chloride], polymer bound Wilkinson's catalyst, tris(Lriphenylphosphine)iridium (I) chloride, chloroplatinic acid/octanol complex, platinum cyclovinylmethylsiloxane complex (Ashby-Karstedt catalyst), platinum carbonyl cyclovinylmethylsiloxane complex, bis(benzonitrile)dichlorpalladium (II), tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium (0), palladium 2,4-pentanedionate, iridium 2,4-pentanedionate, iridium cyclooctadiene chloride, Pt metal, Pd metal, Ir metal, and Rh metal. [0049] In another aspect of the present invention, it has been found that improved performance can be obtained by employing one or more co-catalysts. While typically employed in embodiments where a catalyst is present in the adhesive formulation, co-catalysts may also be employed in adhesive formulations without a primary catalyst. These co-catalysts are preferable based on the elements from Groups VIIB, VIII, IB, KB, IV A or VA of the Periodic Table of the Elements such as manganese, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc, zirconium germanium, antimony, or bismuth, especially compounds based on an element from the foregoing groups metals, such as bivalent metals, and particularly chelates of metals, or oxides or salts of these metals and especially carbonate salts are preferred. Zinc, bismuth, and antimony are especially preferred metallic elements, with zinc being most preferred. [0050] Representative salts of these cocatalyst metals are based on inorganic acids, carboxylic acids, hydroxy carboxylic acids, alcohols, glycols and phenols. [0051] Representative carboxylic acids include both mono and dicarboxylic acids containing from 1 to about 20 carbon atoms and include aliphatic and cvcioaliphatic saturated or unsaturated acids, and aromatic acids, and include formic, acetic, acrylic, methacrylic, propionic, butyric, hexanoic, octanoic, decanoic, stearic, oleic, eiconsanoic and benzoic acids. Examples of dicarboxylic acids include oxalic, malic, maleic, succinic, sebacic and the various isomeric phthalic acids. Typical hydroxy carboxylic acids preferably contain from 2 to about 20 carbon atoms and include hydroxy acetic, lactic, citric, tartaric, salicylic, and gluconic acids. [0052] Inorganic acids or the mineral acids include carbonic acid, halogen acids such as hydrochloric, hydrobromic, and hydriodic acids, nitrogen acids, sulfur acids and phosphorus acids, all of which are known in the art. [0053] The alcohols comprise straight chain or branched chain mono- or polyhydroxy alcohols, alkyl substituted or unsubstituted mononuclear or polynuclear mono or polyhydroxy cvcioaliphatic alcohols and the like containing from I to about 20 carbon atoms. The phenols comprise alkyl substituted or unsubstituted mononuclear or polynuclear mono or polyhydroxy phenols. [0054] The carbonates of the aforesaid metals may exist as pure carbonates or as basic carbonates which are believed to be mixtures of the carbonate and the oxide or hydroxide of the metal in a single molecule and include metal carbonates such as basic zinc carbonate, basic copper carbonate and the like. [0055] The chelates of the aforesaid metals that may be employed may be based on any metal chelating compounds known in the art but typically comprise beta-diketones such as acetyl acetone to provide the acetylacetonates of the metals. [0056] Metal catalysts that are generally most suitable as cocatalysts are the ones that are soluble in the formulation especially if soluble in the functional compound, e.g. the polyol resin or soluble in the solvent if the formulation uses a solvent. [0057] Some specific metal catalysts that may be employed comprise zinc carbonate (basic), zinc acetylacetonate, zinc acetate, copper acetylacetonate, iron acetylacetonate, nickel acetylacetonate, zinc acetate, zinc lactate, and copper acetate. Such suitable metal cocatalysts are generally described by Lei er and Bossert in U.S. Pat. No. 4,395,528. [0058] In one embodiment of the present invention, the adhesive formulation further comprises an organic carbonate which is believed to lower the temperature at which the self-blocked urethane begins to react. Examples of such carbonates are dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, dibutyl carbonate, dipentylcarbonate, dihexyl carbonate, dioctyl carbonate, diphenvl carbonate, diallyl carbonate, ditolyl carbonate, butyl phenylcarbonate, l,3-dioxolan-2-one (ethylene carbonate), 4-methyl-l,3-dioxolan-2-one (propylene carbonate), 4-ethyl-l ,3-dioxolan-2-one (butylene carbonate), 4-propyl-l,3-dioxolan-2-one, 4- vinyl- 1 ,3-

Documents

Application Documents

# Name Date
1 201817009825-FORM 3 [24-12-2018(online)].pdf 2018-12-24
1 201817009825-STATEMENT OF UNDERTAKING (FORM 3) [17-03-2018(online)].pdf 2018-03-17
2 201817009825-PRIORITY DOCUMENTS [17-03-2018(online)].pdf 2018-03-17
2 201817009825-Correspondence-230818.pdf 2018-08-29
3 201817009825-OTHERS-230818.pdf 2018-08-29
3 201817009825-FORM 1 [17-03-2018(online)].pdf 2018-03-17
4 201817009825-DECLARATION OF INVENTORSHIP (FORM 5) [17-03-2018(online)].pdf 2018-03-17
4 201817009825-Proof of Right (MANDATORY) [20-08-2018(online)].pdf 2018-08-20
5 201817009825-FORM 3 [16-07-2018(online)].pdf 2018-07-16
5 201817009825-COMPLETE SPECIFICATION [17-03-2018(online)].pdf 2018-03-17
6 201817009825.pdf 2018-04-05
6 201817009825-Correspondence-250418.pdf 2018-04-27
7 201817009825-Power of Attorney-250418.pdf 2018-04-27
7 201817009825-FORM-26 [24-04-2018(online)].pdf 2018-04-24
8 201817009825-Power of Attorney-250418.pdf 2018-04-27
8 201817009825-FORM-26 [24-04-2018(online)].pdf 2018-04-24
9 201817009825.pdf 2018-04-05
9 201817009825-Correspondence-250418.pdf 2018-04-27
10 201817009825-COMPLETE SPECIFICATION [17-03-2018(online)].pdf 2018-03-17
10 201817009825-FORM 3 [16-07-2018(online)].pdf 2018-07-16
11 201817009825-DECLARATION OF INVENTORSHIP (FORM 5) [17-03-2018(online)].pdf 2018-03-17
11 201817009825-Proof of Right (MANDATORY) [20-08-2018(online)].pdf 2018-08-20
12 201817009825-OTHERS-230818.pdf 2018-08-29
12 201817009825-FORM 1 [17-03-2018(online)].pdf 2018-03-17
13 201817009825-PRIORITY DOCUMENTS [17-03-2018(online)].pdf 2018-03-17
13 201817009825-Correspondence-230818.pdf 2018-08-29
14 201817009825-STATEMENT OF UNDERTAKING (FORM 3) [17-03-2018(online)].pdf 2018-03-17
14 201817009825-FORM 3 [24-12-2018(online)].pdf 2018-12-24