FIELD OF INVENTION:
[001] T he present invention relates to a plastic composition wh ic h is biodegradable, and wh ic h does not discharge contaminants during incineration or leave plastic fragments after decomposition. I he present invention further relates to a method of fertilising the soil through the composed plastic resulting in gro wt h of plants adding value to waste management.
SUMMARY OF INVENTION:
[002] T he present invention is to provide a plastic composition which is biodegradable, and which does not discharge contaminants during incineration. /A further main objective of the present invention is post composition use of this biodegradable plastic which shall result in adding nutrients to soil. Unlike previous bio-degradable plastics which have no motivation for anyone to compost. I his product has basic fertilizers and other micro-nutrients for soil which gives further boost to collection of waste and generation of furt her commercial interest of the composterin large scale.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:
[003] In recent years, increase in plastic waste has become a great social problem. Jince many of polymeric materials have hitherto been developed and produced in search of high performance and long-term stability, they are not easily decomposed in a natural environment. Iherefore, how to dispose and manage a large quantity of plastic waste which has become useless becomes a social problem on a world-wide scale. v_Jf the plastic waste, hollow containers formed from a variety of synthetic resins, such as p oly olefin resins such as polyethylene and polypropylene, polyester resins such as polyethylene terephth alate ^ r t I J , and polyvinyl chloride resins become a special problem because they are bulky.

[004] U nder the circumstances, biodegradable polymers, which are degraded by natural microorganisms, attract attention as polymeric a material which impose no burden on the environment and also helps in providing essential supplements in the gro wt h of plants. I he biodegradability can be evaluated by, for example, a degradability test in soil ^ s o i I d egra d a bility testj.
[005] Earner bio-degradable inventions had limited success due to cost involved in composting it. Ihough it was solving the problem to an extent compare to petroch e micahplastic but was not a commercial success, since further composting is a cost without any further benefitto anyone. In this product, the used articles can be put in soil which will be a nutrient to the soil. LJue to which it will result in favourable response from masses at different section of society.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION:
[006] P.astics have become an indispensable part our society due to their wide range of uses, relative light weight, and low cost. Plastics include any of a wide range of synthetic or semisynthetic organic solids that are mouldable. Plastics are typically organic polymers of high molecular mass. I hey are usually synthetic, most commonly derived from petrochemicals. Mowever, their ubiquity has also come with problems. I heir stability makes disposal of plastic products a problem. I hey oft en litter the landscape for years due to their stability. Iwo divergent approaches have been employed to attempt to solve the problem, namely recycling and biodegradable additives.
[UU/J Plastic recycling is the process of recovering scrap or waste plastic and reprocessing the material into useful products, sometimes completely different in form from their original state. Tor instance, this could mean melting down so ft drink bottles and then moulding them as plastic chairs and tables, lypically, a plastic is not recycled into the same type of plastic. Even during the typical recycling process, when different types of plastics are melted together, they tend to phase-separate and settle in layers. I he phase boundaries cause structural weakness in the resulting material, meaning that polymer blends are useful in only limited applications.

[008] T he second approach is biodegradable additives. Diod egrada ble plastics are plastics that are capable of being decomposed by bacteria or other living organisms. I wo basic classes of biodegradable plastics exist, bioplastics, whose components are derived from renewable raw materials and plastics made from petrochemicals with biodegradable additives which enhance biodegradation.
[009] N umerous attempts have been made to produce degradable films from petroleum
and cellulose_d erived materials but none has been completely successful, apparently
because they were too costly, or they decompose too slowly for many applications.
Jtarch is probably the most abundant, lowcost, biodegradable polymer available and
its use in plastic film production would greatly reduce the demand for petrochemicals
and the negative impact on the environment now caused by discarding
nonbiodegradable films. Jince starch alone forms a brittle film that is sensitive to water, and so combined with other materials in order to produce a satisfactory product.

[010] T he proposed invention

is about a starch-based polymeric material comprising

thermoplastic starch formed by converting at least one of native starch or a starch derivative into a thermoplastic starch melt. I hermoplastic starch (30-50%) is blended with biodegradable plastic (25-30' /o) with the help of grafted maleic anhydride (0.5-1%). I o make biodegradable and compostable polymer and to make it plant usable fertilizer NPK (Nit rogen, Phosphorus, fotassiu mj or /and NPKS (Nit rogen, Phosphorus,
Potassium & Oulphur ) (20-30%)
is mixed with it.
[011] T hus the principal objective ofthe present invention is to provide a biodegradable product which combines the desirable properties of plastics i.e. Jtrength, ease of forming into desired shapes and resistance to chemical attack with significant biodegradability such that a product buried in the soil will degrade to destruction typically in O months to ryear, I hus products in accordance with the invention will make a significant contribution to the environment by reducing the disposal problem caused by chemically inert and bulk plastics.
[012] C omposting is a natural process by which organic material is decomposed into humus. Ueco m position is principally done by microorganisms. Ihese organisms decompose the organic matter as their food source and provide n utrient to plants. I he

present invention not only holds the qualified of a biodegradable plastic but also acts as a compostable plastic as well, In order to make it plant friendly and act as fertilizer post composition, components such as Nitrogen, Phosphorus, Potassium is added in the manufacturing process I his help in the gro wt h of plants. v_J nee proven, such plastic articles will be boon for farming activities since their presence will give additional benefits at almost no cost. I he waste management will be much easier since it will a boon to all sections of society to handle it easily.
DRAWBACK OF PRIOR ART:
[013] A nother approach has been to blend starch with biodegradable polyesters. USA patents 5346936 and 6096809 are examples of the use of starches and polyesters to improve the wet strength of the films. I he high content of the polyester increases the overall cost of films made from such blends to the point where they are not commercially viable.
[014] In recent years l\l a n o clays have been proposed as polymer additives and USA patent 5747560 disci oses the use clay treated with an ammonium or phosphonium complex with nylon. USA patents 6034163 and 6162857 dis close the use of organoclays with polyesters. I hese polymers are not claimed to be biodegradable.
[Ul0j It is an objectofthis invention to provide a biodegradable polymer which can be processed without difficulty and have acceptable properties for its intended uses and also have a commercially acceptable cost.
ADVANTAGE OF PROPOSED INVENTION:

1. Bi

odegradable plastic articles are environ m ent friendlyu nlike traditional plastics.

2. T he proposed invention holds quality of both biodegradable as well as compostable plastic.

3. L o w cost in

manufacturing which in turn adds a commercial value to it.

4. Pr

oposed articles can be moulded or extruded in any sizeCx shape as required.

0, Proposed articles are equivalent to traditional plastic articles in manner to strength and holding capacity.

6. Th

e major essence of the proposed invention is post composition of articles in

which it works as nutrients to soil.
/, I his invention will give major boost to waste management since the waste has inherent value which is giving commercial benefit after it reaches to right place. /As the waste has commercial value, the cost involved in composting can be recovered giving employment opportunity to many rag pickers.
O. I he articles made through the proposed invention can be easily shredded at your home or off ice and can be utilized as fertilizer in your kitchen/balcony gardens or in lawns.
[016]k is to be noted that the process of the present invention is susceptible to modifications, changes, adaptations by those skilled in the art. Ouch variant embodiments incorporating the concepts and features of the present invention are intended to be within the scope of the present invention which is further setforth under the enclosed drawings.
DESCRIPTIONS TO DRAWINGS:
/A starch-based polymeric material comprising thermoplastic starch formed, by converting at least one of native starch or a starch derivative into a thermoplastic starch melt.
y \ J I hermoplastic starch yO\J~U\J /o) is blended with
\t—) biodegradable plastic \L.Z)~ uU /o) with the help of grafting by using
\0) maleic anhydride ^U.O" I /o) . I o make biodegradable Cx compostable polymer.
And to make it plant usable (4) Fertilizer NPK (Nit rogen, Phosphorus, PotassiumJ or /and NPKS (Nit rogen, Phosphorus, Potassium (x Oulphur ) (20-30' /o) is mixed with it along.

CLAIM:-
I. A starch-based polymeric material comprising thermoplastic starch formed by converting at least one of native starch or a starch derivative into a thermoplastic starch melt, y \ J I hermoplastic starch yO\J "OU /o) is blended with \<—) biodegradable plastic \L.Z)~ uU /o) with the help of grafting by using \Oj maleic anhydride (0.5-1%). T o make biodegradable Cx compostable polymer. And to make it plant usable (4) fertilizer NPK(Nit rogen, Phosphorus, fotassiu mj or/and NPKS (Nit rogen, Phosphorus, Potassium Cx Julph ur ) (20-30' /o) is mixed with it along Z_. with \0) other micronutrients for plants.
3. B iodegradable polymeric material as defined in claim I, wherein the
thermoplastic starch is blended with it is Polybutylene Juccinate or Polylactic Acid or any other similar chemical. W herein the \_J xo-biodegradable or photodegradable additives or any similar degrading agentis added enabling faster degradation.
4-. /A starch-based polymeric material as defined in claim I, wherein the grafting is done by means of reactive extrusion.

internal lubricants, antioxidants, and
5. A star ch-based polymeric material as defined in claim I, wherein other additives are also added like plasticizers, external UVst abilizers etc. which are also bio degradable.
6. A star ch-based polymeric material as defined in claim I, wherein biodegradable polymer with added fertilizer can be processed in to make articles by using

various processes like blown, extrusion, sheet extrusion, Cx thermoforming etc for manufacturing of different products.
7. A star ch-based polymeric material as defined in claim D, wherein the film or blown film can be made in monolayer, c o - I a y e r, multi layers of J, 0, / and so on and laminate composites. W herein these articles can be used in packaging or disposable articles for industrial, agriculture, household purposes and can be in various forms as per the requirement.
/A starch-based polymeric material as defined in claim D, wherein user will put the articles made from this material in to the soil, as whole or after shredding it, making it suitable to mix in soil, for plants.
9. A star ch-based polymeric material as defined in claim I, wherein after a period of time the shredded articles will be degraded and converted into fertilizer over a period of time.