DESC:FIELD OF THE INVENTION:
The present invention relates to synergistic agrochemical composition for the seed treatment comprising of bioactive amounts of a diamide insecticide like Chlorantraniliprole; strobirulin fungicide like Pyraclostrobin; one of the fungicide selected from the class of Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors; and one more insecticide selected from the class of Neonicotinoid or phenylpyrazole group; or fungicide with multisite action or combination of both. The present invention further relates to process of preparing the said composition for seed treatment optionally along with at least one inactive excipients and formulations thereof.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:

Now a day, seeds are very costly inputs in agriculture. Hybrid seeds are very expensive and should be protected from insect-pest and diseases from day one.

Combination of insecticides and fungicides are used to broaden the spectrum of control of insect and fungal pests, reduce dosage, thereby reducing environmental impact, and decrease chances of development of resistance. The combination of insecticides and fungicides at times demonstrate an additive or synergistic effect that results in an improved control on the pests and overall crop health and plant stand in field condition.

Damage to seeds from insect and fungal pests is another major concern for agriculturalist. There are various diseases such as seed rot etc. which reduce germination rates and cause considerable decrease in yield. Treating the seed with insecticidal and fungicidal combinations helps reduce damage from such soil pests and soil and seed born fungal diseases. Another advantage of treating seeds or other plant propagation material is the improvement in germination rates, increased yield and improved plant health.

There are many combinations of insecticide and fungicide known in the prior art for the control of soil borne pests. For example, ES2719721T3 patent relates to composition comprising Chlorantraniliprole and Pyraclostrobin with different pesticidal compound for the effectively increasing crop yield of agricultural plants under pressure by effectively treating various pathogens.

AU2013349839B2 patent relates to composition comprising Chlorantraniliprole and Pyraclostrobin along with various possible combination of pesticides for protection of plant propagation material from pests and/or improving the health of plants grown from said plant propagation material, wherein the plant propagation material are treated with an effective amount of a mixture as defined in any one of claims of the patent.

US20140196169A1 patent relates to filed agronomy and further relates to modify in a targeted manner the genome of a plant in close proximity to an existing elite event using a double stranded DNA break inducing enzyme. This patent discloses the composition comprising Chlorantraniliprole and Pyraclostrobin along with several mixture of pesticide and plant nutrients

JP6215316B2 patent relates to synergistic composition for the plant crop protection and use thereof comprising various kinds of strobilurin group of fungicide including Pyraclostrobin and Chlorantraniliprole with several other active ingredients.

CN104703982B patent relates to the pesticide combination comprising pyrazole compound comprising various kinds of strobilurin group of fungicide including Pyraclostrobin and Chlorantraniliprole with several active ingredients comprising clothianidin, imidacloprid, Diacloden, pyraclostrobin, fluxapyroxad.

There is however a need for improvement of these combinations. Single active combinations used over a long period of time has resulted in resistance. With the onset of resistance to certain pests, there is a need in the art for a combination of actives that decreases chances of resistance and improves the spectrum of disease and pest control.

However still there is a need for a composition of Chlorantraniliprole; Pyraclostrobin; succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHI) in combination with one more insecticide and fungicide which overcomes some of the existing problems and can be prepared easily without much complex manufacturing process.

In general use, the pesticide actives are used in the form of a dilute aqueous composition because it can attain a good interaction with the target organism, such as plants, fungi and insects. However, most active pesticide compounds that are used as pesticides are only sparingly or even insoluble in water. The low solubility of such compounds present the challenges and difficulties to formulator in formulating pesticide compounds in stable formulations that can be easily stored for a long time and which still have a high stability and effective activity until end use. This problem especially occurs and may get worsen if more than one active compound is present in the composition.

Therefore, one object of the present invention is to provide improved combinations of insecticides and fungicides for the control of soil borne pests. Another object of the present invention is to provide a method and a composition for controlling insect pests and fungal diseases around plant propagation material.

Yet another object of the present invention is to provide improved combinations of insecticides and fungicides that promote plant health and increasing plant stand in the field.

Embodiment of the present invention can ameliorate one or more of the above mentioned problems.

Inventors of the present invention have surprisingly found that the novel synergistic
for seed treatment comprising of a diamide like Chlorantraniliprole; strobilurin fungicide like Pyraclostrobin; one succinate dehydrogenase inhibitor (SDHI) fungicide and an insecticide of neonicotinoid or phenylpyrazole group or multi-site fungicide or both as described herein which can provide solution to the above mentioned problems.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Therefore an aspect of the present invention provides an agrochemical composition for seed treatment comprising (A) an insecticide selected from Diamide group; (B) a fungicide selected from strobilurin group; (C) one of the fungicide selected from the class of Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHI); (D) one of the insecticide selected from the class of Neonicotinoid or phenylpyrazole or multisite fungicide or both; and one or more customary formulation adjuvants.

More particularly an aspect of the present invention provides a agrochemical composition for seed treatment comprising (A) Diamide group of insecticides like Chlorantraniliprole; (B) a fungicide selected from strobirulin group of fungicide like Pyraclostrobin; (C) one of the fungicide selected from the class of Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors; (D) one of the insecticide selected from the class of Neonicotinoid or phenylpyrazole or multi-site fungicide or both; and one or more customary formulation adjuvants.

Accordingly, in a further aspect of the present invention is containing the agrochemical composition of (A) Chlorantraniliprole; (B) Pyraclostrobin; (C) one of the Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors class of fungicide selected from Fluxapyroxad, Penflufen, Sedaxane; (D) one of the Neonicotinoid or phenylpyrazole class of insecticide and a multi-site fungicide or both selected from Acetamiprid, Clothianidin, Dinotefuran, Imidacloprid, Thiamethoxam, Fipronil,; multi-site fungicide from Mancozeb, chlorothalonil or both.

Accordingly, in a further aspect, the present invention provides a method of protecting a plant propagation material, a plant, parts of a plant and/or plant organs that grow at a later point in time against pathogenic damage or pest damage by applying to the plant propagation material a composition comprising an agrochemical composition defined in the first aspect.

Accordingly, in a yet another aspect the agrochemical composition for seed treatment comprising (A) Diamide group of insecticides like Chlorantraniliprole; (B) a fungicide selected from strobirulin group of fungicide like Pyraclostrobin; (C) one of the fungicide selected from the class of Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors; (D) one of the insecticide selected from the class of Neonicotinoid or phenylpyrazole or multi-site fungicide or both wherein the formulations selected from Capsule suspension (CS), Dispersible concentrate (DC), Powder for dry seed treatment (DS), Emulsifiable concentrate (EC), Emulsion, water in oil (EO), Emulsion for seed treatment (ES), Emulsion, oil in water (EW), Flowable suspension/concentrate for seed treatment (FS), Granule/ soil applied (GR), Controlled (Slow or Fast) release granules (CR), Solution for seed treatment (LS), Micro-emulsion (ME), Oil dispersion (OD), Oil miscible flowable concentrate (oil miscible suspension (OF), Oil miscible liquid (OL), Suspension concentrate (= flowable concentrate) (SC), Suspo-emulsion (SE), Water soluble granule (SG), Soluble concentrate (SL), Water soluble powder (SP), Water dispersible granule (WG or WDG), Wettable powder (WP), Water dispersible powder for slurry treatment (WS), A mixed formulation of CS and SC (ZC), A mixed formulation of CS and SE (ZE), A mixed formulation of CS and EW (ZW); comprising one or more customary formulation adjuvants such as a) dispersant b) wetting agent c) anti-foaming agent d) biocides e) anti-freezing agent f) suspending agent g) thickener h) coating agent and i) buffering agent.

The remainder of the aqueous formulation is preferably wholly water but may comprise other materials, such as inorganic salts. The formulation is preferably, completely free from organic solvents.

Accordingly, in a first aspect, the present invention provides an agrochemical composition comprising (A) Chlorantraniliprole; (B) Pyraclostrobin; (C) one of the fungicide selected from the class of Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors; (D) one of the insecticide selected from the class of Neonicotinoid or phenylpyrazole or and multi-site fungicide shows synergistic activity.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION:

“Seed treatment” refers to the application of fungicide, insecticide, multi-site fungicide or both or a combination of both, to seeds so as to disinfect and disinfect them from seed-borne or soil-borne pathogenic organisms and storage insects. It also refers to the subjecting of seeds to solar energy exposure, immersion in conditioned water, etc.

The term "synergistic", as used herein, refers the combined action of two or more active
agents blended together and administered conjointly that is greater than the sum of their
individual effects.

"Bioactive amounts” as mentioned herein means that amount which, when applied treatment of crops, is sufficient to effect such treatment.

The term "plant propagation material" refers to the parts of the plant, such as seeds, which can be used for the propagation of the plant and vegetative plant material such as cuttings and tubers (for example, potatoes). There may be mentioned, e.g., the seeds (in the strict sense), roots, fruits, tubers, bulbs, rhizomes, parts of plants. Germinated plants or young plants, which may be transplanted after germination or after emergence from the soil. "Insecticidal" refers to the ability of a substance to increase mortality or inhibit, growth rate of insects. “Fungicidal” refers to the ability of a substance to decrease or inhibit growth of fungi. To “control” or “controlling” insects means to inhibit, through a toxic effect, the ability of insect pests to survive, grow, feed, and/or reproduce, or to limit insect-related damage or loss in crop plants or denotes control and prevention of a disease. Controlling effects include all deviation from natural development, for example: killing, retardation, decrease of the fugal disease or insect pest. To “control” insects may or may not mean killing the insects, although it preferably means killing the insects.

The term “improved seed vigour” refers to seed properties that determines potential for fast and uniform emergence, and development of seedlings under a wide range of field conditions, when compared with the same trait in a control plant which has been grown under the same conditions in the absence of the method of the invention. Such traits may include, early and/or improved germination, improved emergence, increased root growth, a developed root system, increased root nodulation, increased shoot growth, improvement in plant height, an increase in plant weight (fresh or dry), bigger leaf blades, greener leaf colour, increased pigment content, increased photosynthetic activity, earlier flowering, longer panicles, early grain maturity, increased seed, fruit or pod size, increased pod or ear number, increased seed number per pod or ear, increased seed mass, enhanced seed filling, delay of senescence, and improved vitality of the plant.

The present invention provides an novel synergistic agrochemical composition for seed treatment comprising (A) an insecticide selected from Diamide group of insecticides; (B) a fungicide selected from strobilurin group of fungicide; (C) one of the fungicide selected from the class of Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHI); (D) one of the insecticide selected from the class of Neonicotinoid or phenylpyrazole or multi-site fungicide or both; and one or more customary formulation adjuvants.
More preferably the present invention provides a novel synergistic agrochemical composition for seed treatment comprising (A) a diamide group of insecticides selected from Chlorantraniliprole, Cyantraniliprole, Cyclaniliprol, Flubendiamide, Tetraniliprole, Broflanilide; (B) a strobilurin group of fungicide selected from azoxystrobin, kresoxim-methyl, picoxystrobin, fluoxastrobin, oryzastrobin, dimoxystrobin, pyraclostrobin and trifloxystrobin; (C) Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors class of pyrazole-4- carboxamides group of fungicide selected from benzovindiflupyr, bixafen, fluindapyr, fluxapyroxad, furametpyr, inpyrfluxam, isopyrazam, penflufen, penthiopyrad and sedaxane; (D) a Neonicotinoid group of the insecticide selected from Acetamiprid, Clothianidin, Dinotefuran, Imidacloprid, Nitenpyram, Thiacloprid, Thiamethoxam; or phenylpyrazole group of insecticide selected from Fipronilor multi-site fungicide selected from copper, sulphur, mancozeb, maneb, metiram, propineb, thiram, ziram, zineb, dodine, dithionon, chlorothalonil, captan, captafol, folpet and phthalide.

Most preferably the present invention provides a novel synergistic agrochemical composition for seed treatment comprising (A) Chlorantraniliprole; (B) pyraclostrobin; (C) Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors group of fungicide selected from bixafen, fluxapyroxad, penflufen or sedaxane; (D) a Neonicotinoid group of the insecticide selected from acetamiprid, clothianidin, thiamethoxam or imidacloprid; or phenylpyrazole group of insecticide selected from Fipronil or multi-site fungicide selected from mancozeb, propineb, metiram or chlorothalonil.

The present inventors found unexpected synergy when Chlorantraniliprole and Pyraclostrobin was combined with a fungicide selected from the class of Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors and insecticide selected from the class of Neonicotinoid or phenylpyrazole or multisite fungicide or both.

The present invention provides formulation for the aforesaid composition and method of preparation thereof.

Diamide group of insecticides:
Anthranilic diamides are an important commercial synthetic class of insecticides (IRAC Group 28) that bind to the ryanodine receptor with selective potency against insect versus mammalian forms of the receptor. Chlorantraniliprole is first of the anthranilic diamide insecticides. It is a ryanodine receptor activator and is used to protect a wide variety of crops, including corn, cotton, grapes, rice and potatoes. It has a role as a ryanodine receptor agonist. It is an organobromine compound, a member of pyridines, a member of pyrazoles, a pyrazole insecticide, a member of monochlorobenzenes and a secondary carboxamide.

Chlorantraniliprole is a novel anthranilic diamide insecticide that functions via activation of the insect ryanodine receptors within the sarcoplasmic reticulum causing impaired regulation of muscle contraction. Ryanodine receptor channels regulate the release of internal calcium stores and are important in muscle contraction. Sustained release of calcium levels within the cytosol leads to muscle contraction, paralysis and eventual death of the organism. While insects possess a single form of the ryanodine receptor distributed in muscle and neuronal tissue, mammals possess three forms which are widely distributed in muscle and non-muscle tissues.

Strobilurin group of Fungicides:
Strobilurins are a group of natural products and their synthetic analogs. A number of strobilurins are used in agriculture as fungicides. They are part of the larger group of QoI (Quinone outside Inhibitors) inhibitors, which act to inhibit the respiratory chain at the level of Complex III. Strobilurins are mostly contact fungicides with a long half time as they are absorbed into the cuticle and not transported any further. They have a suppressive effect on other fungi, reducing competition for nutrients; they inhibit electron transfer in mitochondria, disrupting metabolism and preventing growth of the target fungi.

Pyraclostrobin is strobilurin class of fungicide. It has a role as a mitochondrial cytochrome-bc1 complex inhibitor, a xenobiotic, an environmental contaminant and an antifungal agrochemical. It is a member of pyrazoles, a carbamate ester, an aromatic ether, a member of monochlorobenzenes, a methoxycarbanilate strobilurin antifungal agent and a carbanilate fungicide.

Pyraclostrobin is a member of the strobilurin group of fungicides. The strobilurin fungicides act through inhibition of mitochondrial respiration by blocking electron transfer within the respiratory chain, which in turn causes important cellular biochemical processes to be severely disrupted, and results in cessation of fungal growth.

Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitors Fungicides:
Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHIs) are active substances used in fungicidal products to control certain fungi and moulds affecting crops. SDHIs prevent their development by blocking an enzyme involved in cell respiration: succinate dehydrogenase (SDH).

Fluxapyroxad is an aromatic amide class of fungicide. It has a role as a succinate dehydrogenase (quinone) inhibitor and an antifungal agrochemical. It is used to control a number of cereal fungal pathogens including those belonging to the Ascomycetes, Basidiomycetes and Zygomycetes families. It targets the succinate dehydrogenase, one of the enzymes in the respiratory chain within the mitochondria of the fungus.

Penflufen is an aromatic amide class of fungicide. It is an aromatic amide, an organofluorine compound and a member of pyrazoles. Penflufen is a novel pyrazole fungicide with SDHI (Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor) mode of action. It targets the succinate dehydrogenase, one of the enzymes in the respiratory chain within the mitochondria of the fungus.

Sedaxane is an aromatic amide class of fungicide. It is an aromatic amide, an organofluorine compound, a member of pyrazoles, a ring assembly and a member of cyclopropanes. Sedaxane is a pyrazole fungicide with SDHI (Succinate Dehydrogenase Inhibitor) mode of action. It targets the succinate dehydrogenase, one of the enzymes in the respiratory chain within the mitochondria of the fungus.

Neonicotinoids and Phenylpyrazole class of insecticide:
Neonicotinoids are synthetic analogues of the natural insecticide nicotine (with much lower acute mammalian toxicity and greater field persistence). These chemicals are acetylcholine receptor agonists. They are broad-spectrum systemic insecticides, with rapid action (minutes-hours). They are applied as sprays, drenches, seed and soil treatments. Treated insects exhibit leg tremors, rapid wing motion, stylet withdrawal (aphids), disoriented movement, paralysis and death.

Thiamethoxam is a neonicotinoid insectide. Thiamethoxam is a broad-spectrum, systemic insecticide, which means it is absorbed quickly by plants and transported to all of its parts, including pollen, where it acts to deter insect feeding. An insect can absorb it in its stomach after feeding, or through direct contact, including through its tracheal system. The compound gets in the way of information transfer between nerve cells by interfering with nicotinic acetylcholine receptors in the central nervous system, and eventually paralyzes the muscles of the insects.

Clothianidin is an insecticide similar to thiamethoxam and imidacloprid, it is a neonicotinoid. Neonicotinoids are a class of insecticides that are chemically similar to nicotine. Clothianidin and other neonicotinoids act on the central nervous system of insects as an agonist of acetylcholine, the neurotransmitter that stimulates nAChR, targeting the same receptor site (AChR) and activating post-synaptic acetylcholine receptors but not inhibiting AChE.

Fipronil is a broad-spectrum insecticide that belongs to the phenylpyrazole chemical family. It is a nitrile, a dichlorobenzene, a primary amino compound, a member of pyrazoles, a sulfoxide and a member of (trifluoromethyl) benzenes. Fipronil is a broad-spectrum insecticide (pesticide) with activity against fleas, ticks, mites, and lice. Fipronil disrupts the insect central nervous system by blocking GABA-gated chloride channels and glutamate-gated chloride (GluCl) channels. This causes hyperexcitation of contaminated insects' nerves and muscles.

Multisite fungicide-mancozeb and chlorothalonil
Mancozeb is a dithiocarbamate non-systemic agricultural fungicide with multi-site, protective action on contact. It controls many fungal diseases in a wide range of field crops, fruits, nuts, vegetables, and ornamentals. Mancozeb reacts with, and inactivates, the sulfhydryl groups of amino acids and enzymes within fungal cells, resulting in disruption of lipid metabolism, respiration, and production of adenosine triphosphate.
Chlorothalonil a dinitrile that is benzene-1, 3-dicarbonitrile substituted by four chloro groups. A non-systemic fungicide, used to control a range of diseases in a wide variety of crops. It has a role as an antifungal agrochemical. Chlorothalonil reduces deactivates glutathione.

The present inventors believe that the combination of the present invention surprisingly results in a synergistic action. The combinations of the present invention allow for a broad spectrum of pest control and has surprisingly improved plant vigour and yield. The broad spectrum of the present combination also provides a solution for preventing the development of resistance.

The synergistic agrochemical composition has very advantageous curative, preventive and systemic fungicidal properties for protecting cultivated plants. As has been mentioned, said active ingredient composition can be used to inhibit or destroy the pathogens that occur on plants or parts of plants (fruit, blossoms, leaves, stems, tubers, roots) of different crops or useful plants, while at the same time those parts of plants which grow later are also protected from attack by such pathogens. The synergistic agrochemical composition of specific active ingredient has the special advantage of being highly active against diseases in the soil that mostly occur in the early stages of plant development.

The synergistic agrochemical composition of the present invention are used to protect the crops and plants from insect and fungus pests. The lists of the major crops includes genetically modified varieties or hybrid varieties or conventional varieties of Paddy Oryza sativa, Cotton Gossypium spp., Wheat Triticum aestavum, Maize Zea mays, Sugarcane Saccharum officinarum, Soybean Glycin max, Peanut Arachis hypogaea, Sunflower Helianthus annuus, Mustard Brassica juncea, Green gram Vigna radiate, Black gram Vigna mungo, Chickpea Cicer aritinum, Cowpea Vigna unguiculata, Redgram Cajanus cajan, Brinjal Solanum melongena, Cabbage Brassica oleracea var. capitata, Cauliflower Brassica oleracea var. botrytis, Okra Abelmoschus esculentus, Onion Allium cepa L., Tomato Solanum lycopersicun, Potato Solanum tuberosum, Chilly Capsicum annum, Cucumber Cucumis sativus and Melons Cucumis melo, Apple Melus domestica, Banana Musa spp., Citrus groups Citrus spp., Grape Vitis vinifera, Mango Mangifera indica, Papaya Carica papaya, Pomegranate Punica granatum, Tea Camellia sinensis, Coffea Coffea arabica, Cumin Cuminum cyminum etc.

Further the said novel composition can be applied on the seed but are not limited to corn, rice, wheat, barley, rye, oat, sorghum, cotton, soybean, peanut, buckwheat, beet rapeseed, sunflower, sugar cane, tobacco, etc.

The said synergistic agrochemical composition of the present invention can be applied on seed treatment of the vegetables and vegetables crops but not limited to solanaceous vegetables such as eggplant, tomato, pimento, pepper, potato, etc., cucurbit vegetables such as cucumber, pumpkin, zucchini, water melon, melon, squash, etc., cruciferous vegetables such as radish, white turnip, horseradish, kohlrabi, Chinese cabbage, cabbage, leaf mustard, broccoli, cauliflower, etc., asteraceous vegetables such as burdock, crown daisy, artichoke, lettuce, etc, liliaceous vegetables such as green onion, onion, garlic, and asparagus, ammiaceous vegetables such as carrot, parsley, celery, parsnip, etc., chenopodiaceous vegetables such as spinach, Swiss chard, etc., lamiaceous vegetables such as P erilla frutescens, mint, basil, etc, strawberry, sweet potato, Dioscorea japonica, colocasia, etc., flowers, foliage plants, turf grasses, fruits: , pome fruits such apple, pear, quince, etc, stone fleshy fruits such as peach, plum, nectarine, Prunus mume, cherry fruit, apricot prune, etc., citrus fruits such as orange, lemon, rime, grapefruit, etc., nuts such as chestnuts, walnuts, hazelnuts, almond, pistachio, cashew nuts, macadamia nuts, etc. berries such as blueberry, cranberry, blackberry, raspberry, etc., grape, kaki fruit olive, plum, banana, coffee, date palm, coconuts, etc. , trees other than fruit trees; tea, mulberry, flowering plant, trees such as ash, birch, dogwood, Eucalyptus, Ginkgo biloba, lilac, maple, Quercus, poplar, J udas tree, Liquidambar formosana, plane tree, zelkova, Japanese arborvitae, firewood, hemlock, juniper, Pinus, Picea, and Taxus cuspidate, etc.

The synergistic agrochemical composition according to the present invention can be applied to any and all developmental stages of pests, such as egg, larva, pupa, and adult. The pests may be controlled by contacting the target pest, its food supply, habitat, breeding ground or its locus with a pesticidally effective amount of the inventive mixtures or of compositions comprising the mixtures.

The synergistic agrochemical composition comprising of (A) Chlorantraniliprole; (B) Pyraclostrobin; (C) one of the fungicide selected from the class of Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors; (D) one of the insecticide selected from the class of Neonicotinoid or phenylpyrazole or multi-site fungicide or both; and one or more customary formulation adjuvants are also suitable for controlling against many phytophagous insects pests likes; Aphid, Jassid, Thrips, Mealybugs, Scales, Leaf miner, Gall midges, shootfly, stemfly, stemborer, root borer, fruitborer. It controls insects pests from the following orders: Lepidoptera, for example Agrotis ypsilon, Anticarsia gemmatalis, Chilo partellus, Cnaphalocrosis medinalis, Cydia pomonella, Diaphania nitidalis, , Earias insulana, Elasmopalpus lignosellus, Heliothis armigera, Heliothis virescens, Heliothis zea, Hellula undalis, Hyphantria cunea, Hyponomeuta malinellus, Leucoptera coffeella, Leucoptera scitella, Ostrinia nubilalis, Panolis flammea, Pectinophora gossypiella, Peridroma saucia, Phalera bucephala, Phthorimaea operculella, Phyllocnistis citrella, Pieris bras-sicae, Plutella xylostella, Sitotroga cerealella, Sesamia inferans, Sparganothis pilleriana, Spodoptera frugiperda, Spodoptera littoralis, Spodoptera litura, Thaumatopoea pityocampa, Tortrix viridana, Trichoplusia ni, beetles (Coleoptera), for example Agrilus sinuatus, Agriotes lineatus, Agriotes obscu-rus, Amphimallus solstitialis, Anisandrus dispar, Anthonomus grandis, Anthonomus pomorum, Aphthona euphoridae, Apogonia aerea, Athous haemorrhoidalis, Atomaria linearis, Blasto-phagus piniperda, Blitophaga undata, Brahmina coriacea , Bruchus rufimanus, Bruchus pisorum, Bruchus lentis, Byctiscus betulae, Cassida nebulosa, Cerotoma trifurcata, Cetonia aurata, Ceuthorrhynchus assimilis, Ceuthorrhynchus napi, Chaetocnema tibialis, Conoderus vespertinus, Crioceris asparagi, Ctenicera ssp., Diabrotica longicornis, Diabrotica semipunctata, Diabrotica 12-punctata Diabrotica speciosa, Diabrotica virgifera, Epila-chna varivestis, Epitrix hirtipennis, Eutinobothrus brasiliensis, White grub species, Holotrichia consanguinea , Holotrichia serrata, Holotrichia longipennis, Hylobius abietis, Hypera brunneipennis, Hypera postica, Ips typographus, Lema bilineata, Lema melanopus, Lepidiota stigma, Leptinotarsa decemlineata, Limonius califomicus, Lissorhoptrus oryzophilus, Melanotus communis, Meligethes aeneus, Melolontha hippocastani, Melolontha melolontha, Oberea (Obereopsis) brevis, Oulema oryzae, Ortiorrhynchus sulcatus, Otiorrhynchus ovatus, Phaedon cochleariae, Phyllobius pyri, Phyllotreta chrysocephala, Phyllophaga sp., Phyllopertha horticola, Phyllotreta nemorum, Phyllotreta striolata, Popillia japonica, Sitona lineatus and Sito-philus gran aria, flies, (Diptera), e.g. Atherigona orientalis, Atherigona soccata, Athalia lugen proxima, Dacus cucurbi-tae, Dacus oleae, Glossina palpalis, Haematobia irritans, Haplodiplosis equestris, Hippelates spp., Hylemyia platura, Hypoderma lineata, Leptoconops torrens, Leaf miner, Liriomyza sativae, Liriomyza trifolii, Lucilia caprina, Lucilia cuprina, Lucilia sericata, Lycoria pectoralis, Mansonia titillanus, Mayetiola destructor, Oscinella frit, Phorbia brassicae, Prosimulium mixtum, Rhagoletis cerasi, Sarcophaga sp., Simulium vittatum, Stomoxys calcitrans, Tabanus bovinus, Tabanus atratus, Tabanus lineola, and Tabanus similis, Tipula ol-eracea, and Tipula paludosa, thrips (Thysanoptera), e.g. Dichromothrips corbetti, Dichromothrips ssp , Frankliniella fusca, Frankliniella occidentalis, Frankliniella tritici, Scirtothrips citri, Scirtothrips dorsalis, Thrips oryzae, Thrips palmi and Thrips tabaci, termites (Isoptera), e.g. Calotermes flavicollis, Coptotermes formosanus, Heterotermes aureus, Leucotermes flavipes, Microtermes spp., Odontotermes, Reticulitermes flavipes, Reticulitermes virginicus, Reticulitermes lucifugus and Termes natalensis; true bugs (Hemiptera), e.g. Acrosternum hilare, Amrasca biguttula biguttula, Amrasca devastans, Blissus leucopterus, Dysdercus cingulatus, Eurygaster integriceps, Euschistus impictiventris, Leptoglossus phyllopus, Lygus lineolaris, Lygus pratensis, Nezara viridu-la, Piesma quadrata, Solubea insularis , Thyanta perditor, Acyrthosiphon onobrychis, Adelges laricis, Aphidula nasturtii, Aphis fabae, Aphis forbesi, Aphis pomi, Aphis gossypii, Aphis crassivora, Aphis grossulariae, Aphis schneideri, Aphis spiraecola, Aphis sambuci, Acyrtho-siphon pisum, Aulacorthum solani, Bemisia argentifolii, Bemisia tabaci, Brachycaudus cardui, Brachy-caudus helichrysi, Brachycaudus persicae, Brachycaudus prunicola, Brevicoryne brassicae, Capitophorus horni, Cerosipha gossypii, Chaetosiphon fragaefolii, Cryptomyzus ribis, Dreyfusia nordmannianae, Dreyfusia piceae, Dysaphis radicola, Dysaulacorthum pseudosolani, Dysaphis plantaginea, Dysaphis pyri, Empoasca fabae, Hyalopterus pruni, Hyperomyzus lactucae, Macrosiphum avenae, Macrosiphum euphorbiae, Ma-crosiphon rosae, Megoura viciae, Melanaphis pyrarius, Metopolophium dirhodum, My-zus persicae, Myzus ascalonicus, Myzus cerasi, Myzus varians, Nasonovia ribis-nigri, Nilaparvata lugens, Pemphigus bursarius, Perkinsiella saccharicida, Phorodon humuli, Psylla mail, Psylla piri, Rhopalomyzus ascalonicus, Rhopalosiphum maidis, Rhopalosi-phum padi, Rhopalosiphum insertum, Sappaphis mala, Sappaphis mail, Schizaphis graminum, Schizoneura lanuginosa, Sitobion avenae, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, Toxoptera aurantiia d, Viteus vitifolii, Cimex lectularius, Cimex hemipterus, Reduvius senilis, Triatoma spp., and Arilus critatus, Trialeurodes vaporariorum, Amrasca biguttula, Empoasca spp., Myzus spp., Nephotettix spp., Nilaparvata spp., Planococcus spp., Pseudococcus spp., Psylla spp., Rhopalosiphum spp., Sitobion spp., Amritodus atkinsoni, Idioscopus spp., ants, bees, wasps, sawflies (Hymenoptera), e.g. Athalia rosae, Atta cephalotes, Atta capiguara, Atta cephalotes, Atta laevigata, Atta robusta, Atta sexdens, Atta texana, Crematogaster spp., Hoplocampa minuta, Hoplocampa testudinea, Monomorium pha-raonis, Solenopsis geminata, Solenopsis invicta, Solenopsis richteri, Solenopsis xyloni, Pogonomyrmex barbatus, Pogonomyrmex californicus, Pheidole megacephala, Dasy-mutilla occidentalis, Bombus spp. Vespula squamosa, Paravespula vulgaris, Paraves-pula pennsylvanica, Paravespula germanica, Dolichovespula maculata, Vespa crabro, Polistes rubiginosa, Camponotus floridanus, and Linepithema humile, crickets, grasshoppers, locusts (Orthoptera), e.g. Acheta domestica, Gryllotalpa gryllo-talpa, Locusta migratoria, Melanoplus bivittatus, Melanoplus femurrubrum, Melanoplus mexicanus, Melanoplus sanguinipes, Melanoplus spretus, Nomadacris septemfasciata, Schistocerca americana, Schistocerca gregaria, Dociostaurus maroccanus, Tachycines asynamorus, Oedaleus senegalensis, Zonozerus variegatus, Hieroglyphus daganensis, Kraussaria angulifera, Calliptamus italicus, Chortoicetes terminifera, and Locustana pardalina, plant parasitic nematodes such as root-knot nematodes, Meloidogyne arenaria, Meloidogyne incognita, Meloidogyne javanica; cyst nematodes, Globodera rostochiensis, Heterodera avenae; seed gall nematodes, Anguina funesta, Anguina tritici and other Anguina species; stem and foliar nematodes, Aphelenchoides besseyi, sting nematodes, Belonolaimus longicaudatus and other plant parasitic nematode species.

The term “seed treatment” comprises all suitable seed treatment techniques known in the art, such as, but not limited to, seed dressing, seed coating, seed dusting, seed soaking, seed film coating, seed multilayer coating, seed encrusting, seed dripping, and seed pelleting.

The synergistic agrochemical composition of the present invention can be employed to control Seed and soil borne fungal diseases, foliar diseases in many agricultural, horticultural and forestry crops. The said novel composition contols the fungal species Albugo spp. (white rust) on ornamentals, vegetables (e. g. A. candida) and sunflowers (e. g. A. tragopogonis); Alternaria specie on vegetables, fruit, cereals, oilseed and pulses, Alternaria solani and Alternaria alternate on tomato, potato, chillies; Ascochyta species in pulse crops; Aspergillus species (A. niger, A. flavus, A. funigatus) on Groundnut, Soybean, Oilseeds and Pulses, Maize, Wheat and other cereals; Bipolaris and Drechslera species on cereals, maize, rice and turf; Blumeria graminis (powdery mildew) on cereals; Botrytis cinerea (gray mold) in vegetables, ornamentals, strawberries, tomatoes, sunflower and grapes; Ceratocystis spp. (rot or wilt) on fruit trees, Cercospora spp. (Cercospora leaf spots) on corn, rice, sugar beets (e. g. C. beticola), sugar cane, vegetables, coffee, soybeans (e. g. C. sojina or C. kikuchii) and rice; Cercospora arachidicola in groundnuts; Cladosporium spp. on tomatoes (e. g. C. fulvum: leaf mold) and cereals, e. g. C. herbarum (black ear) on wheat; Claviceps purpurea (ergot) on cereals; Cochliobolus sativus in cereals; Colletotrichum species in cotton, vegetables, pulse crops, oilseeds, Colletotrichum capsici on chillies; Corticium spp. on Rice, Corynespora spp. on soybeans and ornamentals, Didymella species on various plants; Erysiphe cichoracearum and Sphaerotheca fuliginea on cucurbits, Erysiphe graminis in cereals; Fusarium graminearum in cereals and maize; Fusarium culmorum in cereals; Fusarium solani in cotton and vegetables; Fusarium spp. in cotton, soybean and potatoes; Fusarium oxysporum, Fusarium moniliforme, Fusarium proliferatum in maize; Fusarium and Mycosphaerella species on cereals, bananas, peanuts and soybean; Gaumannomyces graminis in cereals and lawns; Giberella fujikuroi in rice; Helminthosporium maydis in maize; Helminthosporium oryzae in rice; Helminthosporium solani on potatoes; Hemileia vastatrix on coffee; Macrophomina phaseolina on Soybean, Groundnut, Pulses and Oilseeds; Microdochium nivale in wheat and rye; Monilinia fructicola on stone fruits; Monilinia fructigena on fruits; Monilinia laxa on stone fruits; Mycosphaerella pinoides in peas; Penicillium digitatum on citrus; Penicillium expansum on apples; and Penicillium italicum on citrus; Peronospora parasitica on brassicas, Phakopsara pachyrhizi and Phakopsara meibomiae on soybeans and pulses; Phragmidium mucronatum in roses; Phoma spp. in sugarbeet; Phoma exigua in potatoes; Phytophthora aphanidermatum in Tobacco, Chillies, Tomato, Phytophthora sojae in Soybean and Pulses; Pseudoperonospora cubensis in cucurbits, Plasmopara halstedii in sunflowers; Pyrenophora graminea in barley; Pyricularia oryzae in rice; Plasmopara viticola on grapevines; Podosphaera leucotricha on apples; Pseudocercosporella herpotrichoides on wheat and barley, Pseudoperonospora species on hops and cucumbers; Puccinia species on cereals, Pyricularia oryzae on rice; Pythium spp. in cereals, cotton, maize and soybean; Pythium spp. (damping-off) on turf, rice, corn, wheat, cotton, rape, sunflowers, soybeans, sugar beets, vegetables and various other plants (e. g. P. ultimum or P. aphani- dermatum); Ramularia spp., e. g. R. collo-cygni (Ramularia leaf spots, Physiological leaf spots) on barley and R. beticola on sugar beets; Rhizoctonia spp. on cotton, rice, potatoes, turf, corn, rape, potatoes, sugar beets, vegetables and various other plants, e. g. Rhizoctonia solani (root and stem rot) on cotton, chillies, tomatoes, soybeans, R. solani (sheath blight) on rice or R. cerealis (Rhizoctonia spring blight) on wheat or barley; Sclerotinia spp. (stem rot or white mold) on vegetables and field crops, such as rape, sunflowers (e. g. S. sclerotiorum); Sclerotium rolfsii on soybeans, groundnut, potato, tomato, chillies; Septoria spp. on various plants, e.g. S. glycines (brown spot) on soybeans, S. tritici (Septoria blotch) on wheat and S. (syn. Stagonospora) nodorum (Stagonospora blotch) on cereals, Septoria tritici and Stagonospora nodorum on wheat, Setospaeria spp. (leaf blight) on corn (e.g. S. turcicum, syn. Helminthosporium turcicum) and turf, Sphacelotheca spp. (smut) on corn, (e.g. S. reiliana: head smut), sorghum und sugar cane, Sphaerotheca fuliginea (powdery mildew) on cucurbits, Spongospora subterranea (powdery scab) on potatoes and thereby transmitted viral diseases, Stagonospora spp. on cereals, e.g. S. nodorum (Stagonospora blotch, teleomorph: Leptosphaeria[syn. Phaeosphaeria] nodorum) on wheat, Synchytrium endobioticum on potatoes (potato wart disease), Sphacelotheca reilliana in maize; Tilletia species in cereals; Typhula incarnata in barley; Thielaviopsis species on various plants; Uncinula necator, Guignardia bidwellii and Phomopsis viticola in vines; Urocystis occulta in rye; Ustilago species on cereals, maize and sugar cane ; Venturia species (scab) on apples and pears; Verticillium spp. (wilt) on various plants, such as fruits and ornamentals, vines, soft fruits, vegetables and field crops, e. g. V. dahliae on straw- berries, rape, potatoes and tomatoes.

Formulation of the present invention can be in any of the formulations selected from Capsule suspension (CS), Dispersible concentrate (DC), Powder for dry seed treatment (DS), Emulsifiable concentrate (EC), Emulsion, water in oil (EO), Emulsion for seed treatment (ES), Emulsion, oil in water (EW), Flowable suspension/concentrate for seed treatment (FS), Granule/ soil applied (GR), Controlled (Slow or Fast) release granules (CR), Solution for seed treatment (LS), Micro-emulsion (ME), Oil dispersion (OD), Oil miscible flowable concentrate (oil miscible suspension (OF), Oil miscible liquid (OL), Suspension concentrate (= flowable concentrate) (SC), Suspo-emulsion (SE), Water soluble granule (SG), Soluble concentrate (SL), Water soluble powder (SP), Water dispersible granule (WG or WDG), Wettable powder (WP), Water dispersible powder for slurry treatment (WS), A mixed formulation of CS and SC (ZC), A mixed formulation of CS and SE (ZE), A mixed formulation of CS and EW (ZW).

One or more of the active ingredients is encapsulated for various purposes, such as to increase the residual biological activity, or to reduce the acute toxicity, or to obtain a physical or chemically stable water-based formulation. The purpose determines whether the “free” active ingredient and the “release rate” are relevant properties of a specific product.

Further (A) Chlorantraniliprole; (B) Pyraclostrobin; (C) one of the Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors class of fungicide selected from Fluxapyroxad, Penflufen, Sedaxane; (D) one of the Neonicotinoid or phenylpyrazole class of insecticide selected from Clothianidin, thiamethoxam, fipronil,or multisite fungicide selected from mancozeb, chlorothalonil or both (one insecticide and one fungicide); which are bio active ingredient for the present composition are present in specific percentage by weight of the composition.

Further (A) Chlorantraniliprole present in an amount of 0.1% - 30% w/w; (B) Pyraclostrobin present in an amount of 0.1 % - 10% w/w; (C) one of the fungicide selected from the class of Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHI) present in an amount of 0.1 % - 20% w/w; and (D) one of the insecticide selected from the class of Neonicotinoid, phenylpyrazole or one of fungicide with multi-site activity or combination of both present in an amount of 0.1 % - 40% w/w.

Compounds Compound A Compound B Compound C Compound D
Composition Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Fungicide
Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors (SDHI) Insecticide or Fungicide or combination of both
Ratio 0.1% - 30% w/w 0.1 % - 10% w/w 0.1% - 20% w/w 0.1% - 40% w/w
The process for preparing the present synergistic mixture can be modified accordingly by any person skilled in the art based on the knowledge of manufacturing the formulation. However all such variations and modifications are covered by the scope of the present invention.
The composition of the present invention in addition to bioactive amounts of active ingredients further comprises inactive excipients including but not limited to dispersant or dispersing agent, anti-freezing agent, anti-foam agent, wetting agent, suspension aid, thickener and preservative.
A wetting agent is a substance that when added to a liquid increases the spreading or penetration power of the liquid by reducing the interfacial tension between the liquid and the surface on which it is spreading. Wetting agents are used for two main functions in agrochemical formulations: during processing and manufacture to increase the rate of wetting of powders in water to make concentrates for soluble liquids or suspension concentrates; and during mixing of a product with water in a spray tank or other vessel to reduce the wetting time of wettable powders and to improve the penetration of water into water-dispersible granules.
Examples of wetting agent used herein for Flowable Suspension (FS) formulation include but not limited to ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer, polyarylphenyl ether phosphate, ethoxylated fatty alcohol, sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, alkyl diphenyl sulfonates, sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, alkylnaphthalene sulfonate, organosilicone surfactants includes trisiloxane ethoxylate, polydimethylsiloxane, polyoxyethylene methyl polysiloxane, polyoxyalkylene methyl polysiloxane, polyether polymethyl siloxane copolymer.
A dispersant or a dispersing agent is a substance which adsorbs onto the surface of particles and helps to preserve the state of dispersion of the particles and prevents them from re-aggregating. Dispersants are added to agrochemical formulations to facilitate dispersion and suspension during manufacture, and to ensure the particles re-disperse into water in a spray tank. They are widely used in wettable powders, suspension concentrates and water-dispersible granules. Surfactants that are used as dispersants have the ability to adsorb strongly onto a particle surface and provide a charged or steric barrier to re-aggregation of particles. The most commonly used surfactants are anionic, non-ionic, or mixtures of the two types. For wettable powder formulations, the most common dispersants are sodium lingo sulphonates. In recent years, new types of very high molecular weight polymeric surfactants have been developed as dispersants. These have very long hydrophobic ‘backbones’ and a large number of ethylene oxide chains forming the ‘teeth’ of a ‘comb’ surfactant. These high molecular weight polymers can give very good long-term stability to suspension concentrates because the hydrophobic backbones have many anchoring points onto the particle surfaces.
Examples of dispersing agent used herein for Flowable Suspension (FS) formulation include but not limited to alkylated naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt, sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonate condensate, sodium ligno sulfonate, sodium polycarboxylate, EO/PO based copolymer, phenol sulfonate, sodium methyl oleoyl taurate, styrene acrylic acid copolymer, propyleneoxide-ethyleneoxide-copolymer, polyethylene glycol 2,4,6-tristyrylphenyl ether, tristyrylphenol-polyglycolether-phosphate, tristyrylphenole with 16 moles EO, tristyrylphenol-polyglycolether-phosphate, oleyl-polyglycolether with ethylene oxide, tallow fattyamine polyethylene oxide, nonylphenol polyglycolether with 9-10 moles ethylene oxide.
Antifoaming agent for the present formulation is selected from various compounds and selectively used according to the formulation. Generally, there are two types of antifoam agents, namely silicones and non-silicones. Silicones are usually aqueous emulsions of dimethyl poly siloxane while the non-silicone anti-foam agents are water- insoluble oils, such as octanol and nonanol, or silica. In both cases, the function of the anti-foam agent is to displace the surfactant from the air-water interface.
Examples of antifoaming agent used herein for Flowable Suspension (FS) formulation include but not limited to silicone oil, silicone compound, C10~C20 saturated fat acid compounds or C8~C10 aliphatic alcohols compound, silicone antifoam emulsion, dimethylsiloxane, polydimethyl siloxane, vegetable oil based antifoam, tallow based fatty acids, polyalkyleneoxide modified polydimethylsiloxane etc.
Examples of Anti-freezing agent used herein for Flowable Suspension (FS) formulation include but not limited to ethylene glycol, propane diols, glycerine or the urea, Glycol (Monoethylene glycol, Diethylene glycol, Polypropylene glycol, Polyethylene glycol), Glycerine, Urea, Magnesium sulphate heptahydrate, sodium chloride etc.
Examples of Preservatives used herein for Flowable Suspension (FS) formulation include but not limited to 11,2-benzisothiazolin-3(2H)-one, sodium salt, sodium benzoate, 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol, formaldehyde, sodium o-phenylphenate, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one & 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one.
Examples of Thickeners used herein for Flowable Suspension (FS) formulation include but not limited to xanthan gum, PVK, carboxy methyl celluloses, polyvinyl alcohols, gelatin, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, sodium polyacrylate, modified starch.
Suspension aid or the suspending agent in the present description denotes a natural or synthetic, organic or inorganic material with which the active substance is combined in order to facilitate its application to the plant, to the seeds or to the soil. This carrier is hence generally inert, and it must be agriculturally acceptable, in particular to the plant being treated. The carrier may be solid (clays, natural or synthetic silicates, silica, resins, waxes, solid fertilizers, and the like or mixtures thereof) or liquid (water, alcohols, ketones, petroleum fractions, aromatic or paraffinic hydrocarbons, chlorinated hydrocarbons, liquefied gases, and the like or mixtures thereof).
Examples of suspending agent used herein for Flowable Suspension (FS) formulation include but not limited to Aluminium Magnesium Silicate, Bentonite clay, Silica, Attapulgite clay.
While the foregoing written description of the invention enables one of ordinary skill to make and use what is considered presently to be the best mode thereof, those of ordinary skill will understand and appreciate the existence of variations, combinations, and equivalents of the specific embodiment, method, and examples herein. The invention should therefore not be limited by the above described embodiment, method, and examples, but by all embodiments and methods within the scope and spirit of the invention. The invention shall now be described with reference to the following specific examples. It should be noted that the example(s) appended below illustrate rather than limit the invention, and that those skilled in the art will be able to design many alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention.
These and other aspects of the invention may become more apparent from the examples set forth herein below. These examples are provided merely as illustrations of the invention and are not intended to be construed as a limitation thereof.
EXAMPLE 1:
Flowable Suspension (FS) formulation of Chlorantraniliprole 15%+Pyraclostrobin 5%+Fluxapyroxad 2%+Clothianidin 15%
Chemical composition % (w/w)
Chlorantraniliprole a.i. 15.00
Pyraclostrobin a.i. 5.00
Fluxapyroxad a.i. 2.00
Clothianidin a.i. 15.00
Wetting agent 3.50
Dispersing agents 5.00
Suspending agent 2.00
Antifoaming agent 0.30
Preservative 0.20
Antifreezing agent 5.00
Thickner 0.15
Dye 2.00
Diluent Water 44.85
Total 100.00

Storage stability-
Chlorantraniliprole 15%+Pyraclostrobin 5%+Fluxapyroxad 2%+Clothianidin 15% Flowable Suspension (FS) formulation
Laboratory storage for 14 days
Parameters Specification (in house) Initial At 54±2 0C At 0±2 0C
Chlorantraniliprole content percent by mass 14.25 to 15.75 15.70 15.40 15.60
Pyraclostrobin content percent by mass 4.75 to 5.50 5.40 5.20 5.35
Fluxapyroxad content percent by mass 1.90 to 2.20 2.20 2.10 2.15
Clothianidin content percent by mass 14.25 to 15.75 15.70 15.40 15.60
Chlorantraniliprole suspensibility percent min. 80 98.50 97.80 98.20
Pyraclostrobin suspensibility percent min. 80 98.10 97.20 97.80
Fluxapyroxad suspensibility precent min. 80 97.80 97.30 97.60
Clothianidin suspensibility percent min. 80 98.80 98.10 98.50
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.5 to 8.5 6.50 6.20 6.40
Pourability 95% min. 98.20 98.00 98.10
Specific gravity 1.02-1.08 1.03 1.03 1.03
Viscosity at spindle no. 62, 20 rpm 350-800 cps 650 660 675
Particle size (micron) D50<3, D90<10 2.1,8.2 2.2,8.4 2.3,8.5
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil 3 nil
Room temperature storage
Parameters Specification (in house) 1 month 6 months 12 months
Chlorantraniliprole content percent by mass 14.25 to 15.75 15.70 15.50 15.40
Pyraclostrobin content percent by mass 4.75 to 5.50 5.40 5.30 5.20
Fluxapyroxad content percent by mass 1.90 to 2.20 2.20 2.16 2.12
Clothianidin content percent by mass 14.25 to 15.75 15.70 15.60 15.30
Chlorantraniliprole suspensibility percent min. 80 98.50 97.80 97.20
Pyraclostrobin suspensibility percent min. 80 98.10 97.60 97.00
Fluxapyroxad suspensibility precent min. 80 97.80 97.50 96.80
Clothianidin suspensibility percent min. 80 98.80 98.50 98.00
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.5 to 8.5 6.50 6.40 6.30
Pourability 95% min. 98.20 97.50 97.00
Specific gravity 1.02-1.08 1.03 1.04 1.04
Viscosity at spindle no. 62, 20 rpm 350-800 cps 650 670 680
Particle size (micron) D50<3, D90<10 2.1,8.2 2.3,8.8 2.4,9.0
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil 2.5 3.2

Procedure: Manufacturing process for Flowable Suspension (FS) formulation:
Preparation of Flowable Suspension (FS) formulation:
Step 1 2% Gel Preparation: Charge the required quantity of water to a vessel, equipped with a high shear stirrer and start the agitation. Add the required amount of preservative. Mix until homogenous. Add the required amount of thickener and mix vigorously until it is fully wetted.
Step 2 Charge the required quantity of water to a vessel, equipped with bulk agitator and a high shear homogenizer and start agitation. Add the required amount of ant freezing agent and mix until uniform. Add the antifoaming agent and ensure that it is well dispersed. Add the wetting and dispersing agent and mix until uniform. Ensure that the dispersing agent is fully dispersed.
Step 3- Now add the active ingredient and continue agitating the vessel contents until all components get dissolved. Mill this pre-mix through a Colloid mill and subsequently through a Dyno mill to meet the specified particle size.
Step 4- Now add remaining antifoaming agent to this SC mill base to a vessel, equipped with bulk agitator. Mix until uniform. Add the required amount of 2% aqueous pre-gel and suspending agent and continue agitation until the formulation is homogeneous and has the target viscosity is reached.
Step 5- Final product is sent for QC approval.
Step 6- After approval, material is packed in required pack sizes.

EXAMPLE 2:
Flowable Suspension (FS) formulation of Chlorantraniliprole 20%+Pyraclostrobin 2%+Penflufen 2%+Chlorothalonil 20%
Chemical composition % (w/w)
Chlorantraniliprole a.i. 20.00
Pyraclostrobin a.i. 2.00
Penflufen a.i. 2.00
Chlorothalonil a.i. 20.00
Wetting agent 3.50
Dispersing agents 5.00
Suspending agent 2.00
Antifoaming agent 0.30
Preservative 0.20
Antifreezing agent 5.00
Thickner 0.15
Dye 2.00
Diluent Water 37.85
Total 100.00

Storage stability-
Chlorantraniliprole 20% + Pyraclostrobin 2% + Penflufen 2% + Chlorothalonil 20% Flowable Suspension (FS) formulation.
Laboratory storage for 14 days
Parameters Specification (in house) Initial At 54±2 0C At 0±2 0C
Chlorantraniliprole content percent by mass 19.00 to 21.00 20.80 20.40 20.70
Pyraclostrobin content percent by mass 1.90 to 2.20 2.15 2.08 2.12
Penflufen content percent by mass 1.90 to 2.20 2.15 2.08 2.12
Chlorothalonil content percent by mass 19.00 to 21.00 20.80 20.50 20.70
Chlorantraniliprole suspensibility percent min. 80 97.10 96.50 96.80
Pyraclostrobin suspensibility percent min. 80 97.50 96.60 96.80
Penflufen suspensibility precent min. 80 97.60 96.70 96.80
Chlorothalonil suspensibility percent min. 80 97.00 96.40 96.70
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.5 to 8.5 6.40 6.20 6.30
Pourability 95% min. 97.80 97.20 97.40
Specific gravity 1.02-1.08 1.04 1.04 1.04
Viscosity at spindle no. 62, 20 rpm 350-800 cps 630 610 660
Particle size (micron) D50<3, D90<10 2.0,8.0 2.2,8.2 2.3,8.4
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil 2.8 1.6
Room temperature storage
Parameters Specification (in house) 1 month 6 months 12 months
Chlorantraniliprole content percent by mass 19.00 to 21.00 20.80 20.50 20.30
Pyraclostrobin content percent by mass 1.90 to 2.20 2.15 2.12 2.10
Penflufen content percent by mass 1.90 to 2.20 2.15 2.11 2.08
Chlorothalonil content percent by mass 19.00 to 21.00 20.80 20.60 20.30
Chlorantraniliprole suspensibility percent min. 80 97.10 96.80 96.20
Pyraclostrobin suspensibility percent min. 80 97.50 97.00 96.50
Penflufen suspensibility precent min. 80 97.60 97.20 96.80
Chlorothalonil suspensibility percent min. 80 97.00 96.50 96.00
pH range (1% aq. Suspension) 5.5 to 8.5 6.40 6.30 6.10
Pourability 95% min. 97.80 97.20 96.50
Specific gravity 1.02-1.08 1.04 1.04 1.04
Viscosity at spindle no. 62, 20 rpm 350-800 cps 630 650 670
Particle size (micron) D50<3, D90<10 2.0,8.0 2.2,8.3 2.4,8.8
Persistent foam ml (after 1 minute) max. 60 nil 2.5 3.5

Procedure: Manufacturing process for Flowable Suspension (FS) formulation as per example 1

EXAMPLE 3:
Preferred combinations of active ingredients:
Active Ingredient A
Diamide insecticide Active Ingredient B Strobilurin fungicidie Active Ingredient C
SDHI fungicide Active ingredient D Neonicotinoid insecticide or multisite fungicide or both
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Fluxapyroxad Acetamiprid
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Fluxapyroxad Clothianidin
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Fluxapyroxad Dinotefuran
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Fluxapyroxad Imidacloprid
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Fluxapyroxad Thiamethoxam
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Fluxapyroxad Fipronil
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Penflufen Acetamiprid
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Penflufen Clothianidin
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Penflufen Dinotefuran
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Penflufen Imidacloprid
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Penflufen Thiamethoxam
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Penflufen Fipronil
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Sedaxane Acetamiprid
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Sedaxane Clothianidin
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Sedaxane Dinotefuran
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Sedaxane Imidacloprid
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Sedaxane Thiamethoxam
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Sedaxane Fipronil
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Fluxapyroxad Mancozeb
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Fluxapyroxad Maneb
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Fluxapyroxad Metiram
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Fluxapyroxad Propineb
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Fluxapyroxad Thiram
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Fluxapyroxad Ziram
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Fluxapyroxad Zineb
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Fluxapyroxad Dodine
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Fluxapyroxad Dithionon
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Fluxapyroxad Chlorothalonil
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Fluxapyroxad Captan
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Fluxapyroxad Captafol
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Fluxapyroxad Folpet
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Fluxapyroxad Phthalide
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Penflufen Mancozeb
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Penflufen Maneb
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Penflufen Metiram
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Penflufen Propineb
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Penflufen Thiram
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Penflufen Ziram
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Penflufen Zineb
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Penflufen Dodine
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Penflufen Dithionon
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Penflufen Chlorothalonil
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Penflufen Captan
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Penflufen Captafol
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Penflufen Folpet
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Penflufen Phthalide
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Sedaxane Mancozeb
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Sedaxane Maneb
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Sedaxane Metiram
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Sedaxane Propineb
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Sedaxane Thiram
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Sedaxane Ziram
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Sedaxane Zineb
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Sedaxane Dodine
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Sedaxane Dithionon
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Sedaxane Chlorothalonil
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Sedaxane Captan
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Sedaxane Captafol
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Sedaxane Folpet
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Sedaxane Phthalide
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Fluxapyroxad Clothianidin+Mancozeb
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Fluxapyroxad Thiamethoxam+Mancozeb
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Fluxapyroxad Fipronil+Mancozeb
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Penflufen Clothianidin+Mancozeb
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Penflufen Thiamethoxam+Mancozeb
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Penflufen Fipronil+Mancozeb
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Sedaxane Clothianidin+Mancozeb
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Sedaxane Thiamethoxam+Mancozeb
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Sedaxane Fipronil+Mancozeb
List of of most preferred combinations
Active Ingredient A Active Ingredient B Active Ingredient C Active ingredient D
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Fluxapyroxad Clothianidin
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Fluxapyroxad Fipronil
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Penflufen Clothianidin
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Sedaxane Clothianidin
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Penflufen Thiamethoxam
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Sedaxane Thiamethoxam
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Fluxapyroxad Chlorothalonil
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Penflufen Chlorothalonil
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Fluxapyroxad Clothianidin+Chlorothalonil
Chlorantraniliprole Pyraclostrobin Fluxapyroxad Fipronil+Chlorothalonil

Biological Examples:
A synergistic effect exists wherever the action of a combination of active ingredient is greater than the sum of the action of each of the components alone. Therefore, a synergistically effective amount or an effective amount of a synergistic composition or combination is an amount that exhibits greater pesticidal activity than the sum of the pesticidal activities of the individual components.
In the field of agriculture, it is often understood that the term “synergy” is as defined by Colby S.R. in an article entitled “ Calculation of the synergistic and antagonistic responses of herbicide combinations” published in the journal Weeds, 1967, 15, p.20-22, incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The action expected for a given combination of two or three active components can be calculated as follows:



FIELD BIO-EFFICACY STUDIES:
The field trials has been carried out on different crops to judge the synergism and benefits of invention in comparison to prior arts.
Experiment 1: Seed treatment in Groundnut, Arachis hypogaea
Crop : Groundnut
Location : Idar, Gujarat
Treatments : 12
Plot size : 50 sq.m
Spacing : 45 cm x 10 cm
Method of Application: The required quantity of groundnut seed was treated with innovative ready mix combinations. The treated seeds were allowed dry for 1 hrs. and then sown.
Agronomic Practices : All agronomic practices followed as per the crop requirement.
Observation Methods:
Germination (%): The counted number of seeds (100 seeds) from each treatment was sown separately in the pot, filled with field soil and watered. The germination count was recorded on 10th day after sowing.

Seedling rot : The observations on seedling rot (caused by soil born fungus, Aspergillus spp.,
Pythium spp., Sclerotium spp. and other fungus) recorded on 15 days after sowing. Count the
number of healthy plant and diseased plant per one meter running row. Record the observations from 10 spots per plot.


Plant stand: Count the number of healthy plants from central 10 sq. mt. area of the plot on 30 days after sowing.
Termite (Microtermes spp., Odontotermes spp.) damage: Count the number of plants infested with termite (by visual as plant start drooping and drying) in 1 meter running row length. Record observations from 10 spots per plot. The observation were recorded as soon as termite infestation observed in untreated control (UTC) plot.


Pod count: Count the number of pods per plant at the time of harvest. Record the pod count observations from 20 plants per plot.

Table 1: Treatment details for seed treatment in groundnut
Treatment Number Treatment details with application Rate (ml/kg seed)
T1 Chlorantraniliprole 15%+Pyraclostrobin 5%+Fluxapyroxad 2%+Clothianidin 15% FS @ 5 ml/kg (ready-mix)
T2 Chlorantraniliprole 15%+Pyraclostrobin 5%+Fluxapyroxad 2%+Fipronil 5% FS @ 5 ml/kg (ready-mix)
T3 Pyraclostrobin 5%+Fluxapyroxad 2%+Clothianidin 15% FS @ 5 ml/kg
(prior art)
T4 Pyraclostrobin 5%+Fluxapyroxad 2%+Fipronil 5% FS @ 5 ml/kg (prior art)
T5 Chlorantraniliprole 15%+Clothianidin 15% FS @ 5 ml/kg (prior art)
T6 Chlorantraniliprole 15%+Fipronil 5% FS @ 5 ml/kg (prior art)
T7 Chlorantraniliprole 15%+Pyraclostrobin 5%+Fluxapyroxad 2% FS @ 5 ml/kg (prior art)
T8 Clothianidin 30% FS @ 2.5 ml/kg
T9 Fipronil 5% FS@5 ml/kg
T10 Pyraclostrobin 10%+Fluxapyroxad 4% FS@ 2.5 ml/kg (prior art)
T11 Chlorantraniliprole 30% FS @2.5 ml/kg
T12 UTC (Untreated Check)

Table 2: Germination (%), plant stand and pod count in groundnut
Treatment Number Germination (%) Plant stand/ 10 sq.m. Number of pods/plant
T1 80.6 251 20.4
T2 81.2 254 21.2
T3 76.2 238 18.4
T4 75.2 230 17.2
T5 64.2 194 14.6
T6 63.6 187 13.8
T7 73.2 227 16.2
T8 60.2 182 12.4
T9 58.8 175 12.0
T10 70.8 218 13.0
T11 61.2 172 11.2
T12 55.2 142 10.2

Groundnut seed treated with innovative ready mix formulations i.e., T1 and T2 giving highest seed germination (>80%), highest plant stand (>250 plants/sq.m.) and yielded highest number of pods (>20 pods/plant) in comparison with all prior art treatments i.e.T3, T4, T5, T6 and T7.
Table 3: Control of seedling rot disease and termite in groundnut
Treatment Number % Seedling rot disease control Termite damage control (%) Synergism (Y/N)
Obs. Value Cal. Value Colby's ratio Obs. Value Cal. Value Colby's ratio
T1 100.0 80.65 1.24 100.0 85.67 1.17 Y
T2 100.0 79.96 1.25 100.0 85.03 1.18 Y
T3 75.8 77.19 0.98 67.8 68.71 0.99 N
T4 75.0 76.36 0.98 66.8 67.31 0.99 N
T5 32.4 34.20 0.95 82.8 83.60 0.99 N
T6 29.6 31.82 0.93 82.0 82.87 0.99 N
T7 73.6 75.07 0.98 59.4 59.97 0.99 N
T8 22.4 64.2
T9 19.6 62.6
T10 70.6 12.6
T11 15.2 54.2
T12 0.0 0.0

The seed treatment with innovative ready mix formulations of T1 and T2 provides synergistic control of seedling rot disease and termite control.
Experiment 2: Seed treatment in Soybean, Glycine max
Crop : Soybean
Location : Indore, Madhya Pradesh
Treatments : 12
Plot size : 40 sq.m
Spacing : 45 cm between row

Method of Application: The required quantity of soybean was treated with innovative ready mix combinations. The treated seeds were allowed dry for 1 hrs. and then sown.
Agronomic Practices : All agronomic practices followed as per the crop requirement.
Observation Methods:
Seedling rot : method adopted same as given in Experiment 1.
Plant stand : Count the number of healthy plants from central 4 rows, each of 5 mt row length on 45 days after sowing. Represent the data as number of healthy plants per one meter row length.
Girdle beetle (Obsereopsis brevis) damage: Count the number of plants infested with girdle beetle in 1 meter running row length. Record observations from 10 spots per plot. The observation were recorded as soon as girdle beetle infestation observed in untreated control (UTC) plot. Gridle beetle damage(%) and control (%) of girdle beetle (reduction in damage) was calculated by formula given as per Experiment 1. Colby’s formula applied to calculate synergism.
Pod count: Count the number of pods per plant at the time of harvest. Record the pod count observations from 20 plants per plot.

Table 4: Treatment details for seed treatment in soybean
Treatment Number Treatment details with application Rate (ml/kg seed)
T1 Chlorantraniliprole 10%+Pyraclostrobin 2.5%+Penflufen 2.5%+Thiamethoxam 20% FS @ 4 ml/kg (Ready mix)
T2 Chlorantraniliprole 10%+Pyraclostrobin 2.5%+Sedaxane 2.5%+Thiamethoxam 20% FS @ 4 ml/kg (Ready mix)
T3 Chlorantraniliprole 10%+Pyraclostrobin 2.5%+Penflufen 2.5% FS @ 4 ml/kg (Prior art)
T4 Chlorantraniliprole 10%+Pyraclostrobin 2.5%+Sedaxane 2.5% FS @ 4 ml/kg (Prior art)
T5 Pyraclostrobin 2.5%+Penflufen 2.5%+Thiamethoxam 20% FS @ 4 ml/kg (Prior art)
T6 Pyraclostrobin 2.5%+Sedaxane 2.5%+Thiamethoxam 20% FS @ 4 ml/kg (Prior art)
T7 Chlorantraniliprole 10%+Thiamethoxam 20% FS @ 4 ml/kg (Prior art)
T8 Chlorantraniliprole 30% FS @1.33 ml/kg
T9 Pyraclostrobin 10%+Penflufen 10% FS @ 1 ml/kg (prior art)
T10 Pyraclostrobin 10%+Sedaxane 10% FS @ 1 ml/kg (prior art)
T11 Thiamethoxam 30% FS @ 2.67 ml/kg
T12 UTC (Untreated Check)

Table 5: Control of seedling rot disease and gridle beetle in soybean
Treatment Number % Disease control (seedling rot) % Insect control(Girdle beetle damage)
Obs. Value Cal. Value Colby's ratio Obs. Value Cal. Value Colby's ratio
T1 94.2 89.22 1.06 98.6 90.70 1.09
T2 93.6 88.75 1.05 97.4 90.55 1.08
T3 87.6 87.69 1.00 72.6 74.01 0.98
T4 87 87.16 1.00 70.8 73.60 0.96
T5 87.8 87.91 1.00 68.4 68.78 0.99
T6 87.2 87.39 1.00 67.8 68.28 0.99
T7 21.4 21.86 0.98 89.4 89.33 1.00
T8 10.8 70.2
T9 86.2 12.8
T10 85.6 11.4
T11 12.4 64.2
T12 0.0 0.0

The seed treatment of innovative ready mix formulations i.e., T1 and T2 provides synergistic control of seedling rot disease (% reduction in disease incidence) and girdle beetle damage (% reduction in girdle beetle damage).
Table 6: Plant stand and pod count in soybean
Treatment Number Plant stand/meter row length No. of pods per plant
T1 81.2 47.4
T2 82.4 48.6
T3 73.2 41.2
T4 71.6 42.4
T5 74.6 40.8
T6 75.2 41.4
T7 65.2 36.6
T8 55.2 35.6
T9 67.4 37.4
T10 68.2 38.2
T11 58.6 35.0
T12 52.6 33.4

The highest plant stand (>80 plants/meter row length) and pods count (>47 pods/plant) were observed in seeds treated with innovative ready-mix formulations i.e., T1 and T2.

Experiment 3: Seed treatment in Maize/corn, Zea mays
Crop : Maize
Location : Chhindwara, Madhya Pradesh
Treatments : 12
Plot size : 10 m x 6 m=60 sq.m
Spacing : 60 cm x 10 cm
Number of seed sown per plot : 600
Method of Application: The required quantity of maize seed was treated with innovative ready mix combinations. The treated seeds were allowed dry for 1 hrs. and then sown.
Agronomic Practices : All agronomic practices followed as per the crop requirement.
Observation Methods:
Germination (%): The germination count was recorded on 10th day after sowing.

Plant stand: Absolute plant count observations were recorded at 45 days after sowing.
Plant height: To judge the plant growth and vigor, plant height in cm. were recorded on 45 days after sowing.
Fall army worm (FAW, Spodoptera frugiperda) damage: Count the number of healthy and damaged plants per plot and calculate % plant damage by fall army worm. Then recalculate % reduction in FAW damage. and data represented as % FAW pods per plant at the time of harvest.

Table 7: Treatment details for seed treatment in Maize
Treatment Number Treatment details with application Rate (ml/kg seed)
T1 Chlorantraniliprole 20%+Pyraclostrobin 2%+Fluxapyroxad 2%+Chlorothalonil 20% FS @ 10 ml/kg (ready-mix)
T2 Chlorantraniliprole 20%+Pyraclostrobin 2%+Penflufen 2%+Chlorothalonil 20% FS @ 10 ml/kg (ready-mix)
T3 Chlorantraniliprole 20%+Pyraclostrobin 2%+Fluxapyroxad 2% FS @ 10 ml/kg (prior art)
T4 Chlorantraniliprole 20%+Pyraclostrobin 2%+Penflufen 2% FS @ 10 ml/kg (prior art)
T5 Pyraclostrobin 2%+Fluxapyroxad 2%+Chlorothalonil 20% FS @ 10 ml/kg (prior art)
T6 Pyraclostrobin 2%+Penflufen 2%+Chlorothalonil 20% FS @ 10 ml/kg (prior art)
T7 Chlorantraniliprole 20%+Chlorothalonil 20% FS @ 10 ml/kg (prior art)
T8 Chlorantraniliprole 30% FS @6.67 ml/kg
T9 Pyraclostrobin 10%+Fluxapyroxad 10% FS@ 2 ml/kg
T10 Pyraclostrobin 10%+Penflufen 10% FS@ 2 ml/kg
T11 Chlorothalonil 75% WP @2.67 g/kg
T12 UTC (Untreated Check)

Table 8: Germination, Plant stand and Fall armyworm control in Maize
Treatment Number Germination (%) Plant height (cm) Plant stand (No. of plants/plot) % Reduction in Fall Army worm damage
Obs. Value Cal. Value Colby's ratio
T1 98.8 94.2 590.0 100 94.88 1.05
T2 99.2 95.1 594.0 100 94.81 1.05
T3 93.4 88.7 554.0 93.6 94.59 0.99
T4 93.0 87.2 551.0 94 94.52 0.99
T5 86.4 80.2 508.0 11.4 11.65 0.98
T6 85.4 79.8 506.0 10.2 10.51 0.97
T7 82.4 85.1 480.0 94 94.50 0.99
T8 70.2 82.6 410.0 94.2
T9 76.4 82.4 436.0 6.8
T10 74.8 81.5 421.0 5.6
T11 65.2 79.6 368.0 5.2
T12 57.8 75.4 320.0 0.0

The highest seed germination and plant stand were observed in the seed treated with innovative ready mix formulation i.e., T1 and T2. Both the T1 and T2 also provides synergistic control of fall army worm control in comparison with all prior art treatments.

Overall summery of field trials:
The field trials results shows many benefits/advantages of seed treatment with ready mix formulations. Many other visual observations noted during trial period which clearly differentiate the innovative ready mix formulations from all other prior arts.
• Synergism observed in terms of insect and disease control
• Season long protection against soil and seed born fungal diseases and soil hibernating insects like termite
• Germination is higher, so its cost saving for the farmers
• Higher plant stand in field so increase in yield
• Excellent plant growth and vigor i.e., plant have a greater number of branches, leaves, flowers and pods.
• Leaves were dark green in color, increase in leaf blade/width, leaf length and number of leaves per plant.
• More number of secondary and tertiary roots and overall higher root biomass
The innovative ready mix formulations were prepared in FS (Flowable suspension) formulations. This formulation found very good for on-farm seed treatment where quick coating is easily done and ensure complete coverage of the seed surface in comparison with conventional FS formulation. This quick coating and spreading and covering properties is mainly due to the inbuilt organo silicone wetting agents like trisiloxane ethoxylate.

,CLAIMS:CLAIMS
We claim;
[CLAIM 1]. An agrochemical composition for seed treatment comprising:
i. a diamide insecticide Chlorantraniliprole present in amount of 0.1% - 30% by weight;
ii. a strobirulin fungicide Pyraclostrobin present in amount of 0.1% - 10% by weight;
iii. a fungicide selected from the class of Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors present in amount of 0.1% - 20% by weight;
iv. an insecticide selected from the class of Neonicotinoid or phenylpyrazole; or a fungicide with multisite action; or combination of both present in an amount of 0.1% - 40% w/w.
v. an inactive formulation excipients.

[CLAIM 2]. The agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein a fungicide from the class of Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors is selected from bixafen, fluxapyroxad, penflufen or sedaxane.

[CLAIM 3]. The agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein an insecticide from the class of Neonicotinoids is selected from Acetamiprid, Clothianidin, Dinotefuran, Imidacloprid, Nitenpyram, Thiacloprid, Thiamethoxam.

[CLAIM 4]. The agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein an insecticide from the class of phenylpyrazole is Fipronil.

[CLAIM 5]. The agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein a multisite fungicide is selected from copper, sulphur, mancozeb, maneb, metiram, propineb, thiram, ziram, zineb, dodine, dithionon, chlorothalonil, captan, captafol, folpet or phthalide.

[CLAIM 6]. The agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 1 to claim 5, wherein most preferred combinations for the said compositions comprises:

i. Chlorantraniliprole + Pyraclostrobin + Fluxapyroxad + Clothianidin
ii. Chlorantraniliprole + Pyraclostrobin + Fluxapyroxad + Fipronil
iii. Chlorantraniliprole + Pyraclostrobin + Penflufen +Clothianidin
iv. Chlorantraniliprole + Pyraclostrobin + Sedaxane + Clothianidin
v. Chlorantraniliprole +Pyraclostrobin+Penflufen+ Thiamethoxam
vi. Chlorantraniliprole + Pyraclostrobin + Sedaxane+ Thiamethoxam
vii. Chlorantraniliprole + Pyraclostrobin + Fluxapyroxad + Chlorothalonil
viii. Chlorantraniliprole+ Pyraclostrobin+ Penflufen+ Chlorothalonil
ix. Chlorantraniliprole+ Pyraclostrobin + Fluxapyroxad + (Clothianidin + Chlorothalonil)
x. Chlorantraniliprole + Pyraclostrobin + Fluxapyroxad + (Fipronil + Chlorothalonil).

[CLAIM 7]. The agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein a formulation for the said composition is selected from Capsule suspension (CS), Dispersible concentrate (DC), Powder for dry seed treatment (DS), Emulsifiable concentrate (EC), Emulsion, water in oil (EO), Emulsion for seed treatment (ES), Emulsion, oil in water (EW), Flowable suspension/concentrate for seed treatment (FS), Granule/ soil applied (GR), Controlled (Slow or Fast) release granules (CR), Solution for seed treatment (LS), Micro-emulsion (ME), Oil dispersion (OD), Oil miscible flowable concentrate (oil miscible suspension (OF), Oil miscible liquid (OL), Suspension concentrate (= flowable concentrate) (SC), Suspo-emulsion (SE), Water soluble granule (SG), Soluble concentrate (SL), Water soluble powder (SP), Water dispersible granule (WG or WDG), Wettable powder (WP), Water dispersible powder for slurry treatment (WS), A mixed formulation of CS and SC (ZC), A mixed formulation of CS and SE (ZE), A mixed formulation of CS and EW (ZW).

[CLAIM 8]. The agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein a preferred combinations of active ingredients in the said composition for Flowable Suspension (FS) formulation comprises:
i. Chlorantraniliprole 15% + Pyraclostrobin 5% + Fluxapyroxad 2% + Clothianidin 15%; or
ii. Chlorantraniliprole 20% + Pyraclostrobin 2% + Penflufen 2% + Chlorothalonil 20%.; or
iii. Chlorantraniliprole 15% + Pyraclostrobin 5% + Fluxapyroxad 2% + Fipronil 5% ; or
iv. Chlorantraniliprole 10% + Pyraclostrobin 2.5% + Penflufen 2.5% + Thiamethoxam 20% ; or
v. Chlorantraniliprole 10% + Pyraclostrobin 2.5% + Sedaxane 2.5%+Thiamethoxam 20%; or
vi. Chlorantraniliprole 20% + Pyraclostrobin 2% + Fluxapyroxad 2% + Chlorothalonil 20%.

[CLAIM 9]. The agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Flowable Suspension (FS) formulation comprises:
i. a diamide insecticide Chlorantraniliprole present in amount of 0.1% - 30% by weight;
ii. a strobirulin fungicide Pyraclostrobin present in amount of 0.1% - 10% by weight;
iii. a fungicide from the class of Succinate dehydrogenase inhibitors is selected from Fluxapyroxad, Sedaxane or Penflufen present in amount of 0.1% - 20% by weight;
iv. an insecticide from the class of Neonicotinoid is selected from Clothianidin or Thiamethoxam; or an insecticide from the class of phenylpyrazole is Fipronil; or a fungicide with multisite action is Chlorothalonil present in an amount of 0.1% - 40% w/w.

i. Wetting agent present in an amount of 2 to 6 % by weight;
ii. Dispersing agents present in an amount of 3 to 8 % by weight;
v. Suspending agent present in an amount of 1 to 4 % by weight;
vi. Antifoaming agent present in an amount of 0.1 to 1 % by weight;
vii. Preservative present in an amount of 0.05 to 0.8 % by weight;
iii. Antifreezing agent present in an amount of 2 to 8 % by weight;
viii. Thickner present in an amount of 0.05 to 0.5 % by weight;
ix. Dye present in an amount of 1 to 4 % by weight;

[CLAIM 10]. The agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 8, wherein wetting agent ethylene oxide/propylene oxide block copolymer, polyarylphenyl ether phosphate, ethoxylated fatty alcohol, sodium dioctyl sulfosuccinate, sodium lauryl sulfate and sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, alkyl diphenyl sulfonates, sodium isopropyl naphthalene sulfonate, alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, organosilicone surfactants includes trisiloxane ethoxylate, polydimethylsiloxane, polyoxyethylene methyl polysiloxane, polyoxyalkylene methyl polysiloxane, polyether polymethyl siloxane copolymer.

[CLAIM 11]. The agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 8, wherein dispersing agent is selected from alkylated naphthalene sulfonate, sodium salt, sodium salt of naphthalene sulfonate condensate, sodium ligno sulfonate, sodium polycarboxylate, EO/PO based copolymer, phenol sulfonate, sodium methyl oleoyl taurate, styrene acrylic acid copolymer, propyleneoxide-ethyleneoxide-copolymer, polyethylene glycol 2,4,6-tristyrylphenyl ether, tristyrylphenol-polyglycolether-phosphate, tristyrylphenole with 16 moles EO, tristyrylphenol-polyglycolether-phosphate, oleyl-polyglycolether with ethylene oxide, tallow fattyamine polyethylene oxide, nonylphenol polyglycolether with 9-10 moles ethylene oxide.

[CLAIM 12]. The agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 8, wherein antifoaming agent is selected from silicone oil, silicone compound, C10~C20 saturated fat acid compounds or C8~C10 aliphatic alcohols compound, silicone antifoam emulsion, dimethyl siloxane, poly dimethyl siloxane, vegetable oil based antifoam, tallow based fatty acids, polyalkylene oxide modified polydimethylsiloxane.

[CLAIM 13]. The agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 8, wherein preservative is selected from 11,2-benzisothiazolin-3(2H)-one, sodium salt, sodium benzoate, 2-bromo-2-nitropropane-1,3-diol, formaldehyde, sodium o-phenylphenate, 5-chloro-2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one & 2-methyl-4-isothiazolin-3-one.

[CLAIM 14]. The agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 8, wherein thickener is selected from xanthan gum, PVK, carboxy methyl celluloses, polyvinyl alcohols, gelatin, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, sodium polyacrylate, modified starch.

[CLAIM 15]. The agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 8, wherein anti- freezing agent is selected from ethylene glycol, propane diols, glycerine or the urea, Glycol (Monoethylene glycol, Diethylene glycol, Polypropylene glycol, Polyethylene glycol), Glycerine, Urea, Magnesium sulphate heptahydrate, sodium chloride.

[CLAIM 16]. The agrochemical composition as claimed in claim 8, wherein suspending agent used herein for Flowable Suspension (FS) formulation include but not limited to Aluminium Magnesium Silicate, Bentonite clay, Silica, Attapulgite clay.

Dated this 20th day of January 2021