Claims:1. An anti-algal additive composition comprising:
a. a sparsely water soluble component comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of copper (I) cyanide, copper (I) thiocynate and compound of Formula (I) in an amount in the range of 3 wt% to 95 wt%
Cu(PR1(z)R2(3-z))x(HOR3)yA
(I)

wherein,
A is selected from the group consisting of acetate (OAc), chloride (Cl), bromide (Br), iodide (I) and nitrate (NO3);
x is an integer ranging from 1 to 3, y is an integer ranging from 0 to 2, and z is an integer ranging from 0 to 3, and x+y=3;
R1 is an alkyl or substituted alkyl; R2 is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, alkyl aryl, substituted phenyl, fused aryl phenyl, and substituted phenyl; and R3 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl or hydroxyalkyl;
b. an organic fluid medium, wherein the organic fluid medium is at least one selected from the group consisting of C1-C8 alcohol, C2-C12 glycol, C2-C12 polyol, C2-C12 polyether glycol, in an amount in the range of 5 wt% to 97 wt%;
wherein the particle size of the sparsely water soluble component present in the anti-algal additive composition is in the range of 5 to 25 µm;
wherein the additive composition is mixed with the water based coating composition, prior to use, to impart anti-algal properties to the coating composition.
2. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compound of formula (I) is at least one selected from the group consisting of Cu(PPh3)3Cl, Cu(PPh3)3Br, Cu(PPh3)3I, Cu(PPh3)3NO3, Cu(PPh3)2(CH3OH)(OAc), Cu(PPh3)2(C3H7OH)(OAc), Cu(PPh3)2(C4H9OH)(OAc), Cu(PPh3)2(C5H11OH)(OAc), Cu(PPh3)2(C6H13OH)(OAc), Cu(PPh3)2(C7H15OH)(OAc), Cu(PPh3)2(C8H17OH)(OAc), Cu(PPh3)2(C9H19OH)(OAc), Cu(PPh3)2(C10H21OH)(OAc), and Cu(PPh3)2(C12H25OH)(OAc).
4. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the compound of formula (I) is a complex of Cu(PPh3)2.OAc with at least one compound selected from ethylene glycol, di-ethylene glycol, tri-ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol methyl ether, polyethylene glycol nonylphenyl ether, trimethylolpropane, neopentyl glycol, glycerol, cerenol, 2-ethoxyethanol, 2-butoxyethanol and propylene glycol n-propyl ether.
5. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the particle size of the sparsely water soluble component is in the range of 5 µm to 15 µm.
6. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises water in an amount in the range of 5 wt% to 40 wt% of the total additive composition, preferably in the range of 20 wt% to 40 wt%.
7. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises an organic open time enhancer in an amount in the range of 1 wt% to 2 wt% of the total additive composition, wherein the organic open time enhancer is at least one selected from the group consisting of polyol, polyether polyol, polyether polyol monoalkyl ether and polyether polyol polyalkyl ether.
8. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises a pigment and an extender, together in an amount in the range of 15 wt% to 35 wt% of the total additive composition.
9. The composition as claimed in claim 8, wherein the pigment is at least one selected from the group consisting of rutile titanium dioxide, anatase titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, leaded zinc oxide, zinc sulfide, lead titanate, antimony oxide, zirconium oxide, white lead, basic lead silicate, lithopone, titanated lithopone, titanium-barium pigment, titanium-calcium pigment and titanium-magnesium pigment.
10. The composition as claimed in claim 8, wherein the extender is at least one selected from the group consisting of calcium carbonate, talc, clays, dolomite, silica and silicates.
11. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises a defoamer in an amount in the range of 0.1 wt% to 1 wt% of the total additive composition, wherein the defoamer is a substituted paraffin hydrocarbon.
12. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises a coalescing agent in an amount in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 wt% of the total additive composition, wherein the coalescing agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of polyol and substituted alcohol.
13. The composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the composition further comprises a thickening agent in an amount in the range of 0.2 to 0.5 wt% of the total additive composition, wherein the thickening agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of cellulose and derivatives thereof, polyurea derivatives, polyetherurea derivatives, polyurethane derivatives and polyureaurethane derivatives.
14. The composition as claimed in claim 1 comprises:
i. a sparsely water soluble component in an amount in the range of 40 to 80 wt%;
ii. an organic fluid medium in an amount in the range of 10 to 30 wt%; and
iii. water in an amount in the range of 10 to 30 wt%. , Description:FIELD
The present disclosure relates to anti-algal additive composition.
DEFINITIONS
As used in the present disclosure, the following words and phrases are generally intended to have the meaning as set forth below, except to the extent that the context in which they are used to indicate otherwise.
The term anti-algal in the context of the present disclosure means a property of material / composition that inhibits and/ or restricts the growth of algae.
BACKGROUND
Algal growth on indoor and outdoor surfaces is a major environmental concern affecting home, work and recreational environments. Not only algae can be unsightly on exposed surfaces, but also it can destroy wood, fiber and other materials if left untreated.
Conventionally, toxic chemicals, including the salts and oxides of heavy metals, have been added to coating compositions to prevent or inhibit algal growth. These chemicals to be effective should be introduced in large amounts in the coating compositions and thus, their high toxicity is apparent on the environment.
Alternatively, copper salts or copper derivatives alone or in combination with other material have been used as additives in anti-algal coating compositions.
However, with increasing environmental awareness, solvent based coating compositions are being replaced by water-based coating compositions. The conventional additives such as copper based salts and oxides are associated with drawbacks like very intense colour, high water solubility, thereby restricting their use as additive in the water based coating compositions, particularly in decorative coating.
There is, therefore, felt a need to provide additive composition that overcomes the above mentioned drawbacks and which can be added to a water based coating composition, prior to use, to impart anti-algal properties to the coating composition.
OBJECTS
Some of the objects of the present disclosure, which at least one embodiment herein satisfies, are as follows.
It is an object of the present disclosure to ameliorate one or more problems of the prior art or to at least provide a useful alternative.
It is an object of the present disclosure to provide a water based anti-algal additive composition.
Other objects and advantages of the present disclosure will be more apparent from the following description, which is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
SUMMARY
The present disclosure provides an anti-algal additive composition comprising an organic fluid medium, wherein the organic fluid medium is at least one selected from the group consisting of C1-C8 alcohol, C2-C12 glycol, C2-C12 polyol, and C2-C12 polyether glycol in an amount in the range of 5 wt% to 97 wt%; and a sparsely water soluble component comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of copper (I) cyanide, copper (I) thiocynate and compound of formula (I) in an amount in the range of 3 wt% to 95 wt%
Cu(PR1(z)R2(3-z))x(HOR3)yA
(I)
wherein, A is selected from the group consisting of acetate (OAc), chloride (Cl), bromide (Br), iodide (I) and nitrate (NO3); R1 is an alkyl or substituted alkyl; R2 is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, alkyl aryl, substituted phenyl, fused aryl phenyl, and substituted phenyl; and R3 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl or hydroxyalkyl; x is an integer ranging from 1 to 3, y is an integer ranging from 0 to 2, z is an integer ranging from 0 to 3, and x+y=3.
The particle size of the sparsely water soluble component present in the anti-algal additive composition is in the range of 5 to 25 µm, preferably in the range of 5 µm to 15 µm.
The additive composition is mixed with a coating composition, prior to use, to impart anti-algal properties to the coating composition.
The compound of formula (I) can be at least one selected from the group consisting of Cu(PPh3)3Cl, Cu(PPh3)3Br, Cu(PPh3)3I, Cu(PPh3)3NO3, Cu(PPh3)2(CH3OH)(OAc), Cu(PPh3)2(C3H7OH)(OAc), Cu(PPh3)2(C4H9OH)(OAc), Cu(PPh3)2(C5H11OH)(OAc), Cu(PPh3)2(C6H13OH)(OAc), Cu(PPh3)2(C7H15OH)(OAc), Cu(PPh3)2(C8H17OH)(OAc), Cu(PPh3)2(C9H19OH)(OAc), Cu(PPh3)2(C10H21OH)(OAc), and Cu(PPh3)2(C12H25OH)(OAc).
In one embodiment, the compound of formula (I) is complex of Cu(PPh3)2.OAc with at least one compound selected from ethylene glycol, di-ethylene glycol, tri-ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol methyl ether, polyethylene glycol nonylphenyl ether, trimethylolpropane, neopentyl glycol, glycerol, cerenol, 2-ethoxyethanol, 2-butoxyethanol and propylene glycol n-propyl ether.
The water based anti-algal additive composition further comprises water in an amount in the range of 5 wt% to 40 wt% of the total additive composition, preferably in the range of 20 wt% to 40 wt%.
The water based anti-algal additive composition further comprises an organic open time enhancer in an amount in the range of 1 wt% to 2 wt% of the total additive composition, wherein the organic open time enhancer is at least one selected from the group consisting of polyol, polyether polyol, polyether polyol monoalkyl ether and polyether polyol polyalkyl ether.
The water based anti-algal additive composition further comprises a pigment and an extender, together in an amount in the range of 15 wt% to 35 wt% of the total additive composition
The pigment is at least one selected from the group consisting of rutile titanium dioxide, anatase titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, leaded zinc oxide, zinc sulfide, lead titanate, antimony oxide, zirconium oxide, white lead, basic lead silicate, lithopone, titanated lithopone, titanium-barium pigment, titanium-calcium pigment and titanium-magnesium pigment.
The extender is at least one selected from the group consisting of calcium carbonate, talc, clays, dolomite, silica and silicates.
The water based anti-algal additive composition further comprises a defoamer in an amount in the range of 0.1 wt% to 1 wt% of the total additive composition, wherein the defoamer is a substituted paraffin hydrocarbon.
The water based anti-algal additive composition further comprises a coalescing agent in an amount in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 wt% of the total additive composition, wherein the coalescing agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of polyol and substituted alcohol.
The water based anti-algal additive composition further comprises a thickening agent in an amount in the range of 0.2 to 0.5 wt% of the total additive composition, wherein the thickening agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of cellulose and derivatives thereof, polyurea derivatives, polyetherurea derivatives, polyurethane derivatives and polyureaurethane derivatives.
In one embodiment, the water based anti-algal additive composition comprises a sparsely water soluble component in an amount in the range of 40 to 80 wt%; an organic fluid medium in an amount in the range of 10 to 30 wt%; and water in an amount in the range of 10 to 30 wt%.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Algal growth on indoor and outdoor surfaces is a major environmental concern today. Conventional copper based additives are associated with drawbacks such as very intense colour, and high water solubility, thereby restricting their use in the water based compositions.
The present disclosure envisages an additive composition, which can be added to a water based coating composition, prior to use, to impart anti-algal properties to the coating composition.
The present disclosure provides an anti-algal additive composition comprising:
(a) a sparsely water soluble component comprising at least one compound selected from the group consisting of copper (I) cyanide, copper (I) thiocynate and compound of formula (I) in an amount in the range of 3 wt% to 95 wt%.
The compound of formula (I) is represented as
Cu(PR1(z)R2(3-z))x(HOR3)yA
(I)
wherein, A is selected from the group consisting of acetate (OAc), chloride (Cl), bromide (Br), iodide (I) and nitrate (NO3); x is an integer in the range of 1 to 3, y is an integer ranging from 0 to 2, z is an integer ranging from 0 to 3, and x+y=3; R1 is an alkyl or substituted alkyl; R2 is selected from the group consisting of phenyl, alkyl aryl, substituted phenyl, fused aryl phenyl, and substituted phenyl; and R3 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, substituted alkyl or hydroxyalkyl, and
(b) an organic fluid medium, wherein the organic fluid medium is at least one selected from the group consisting of C1-C8 alcohol, C2-C12 glycol, C2-C12 polyol, and C2-C12 polyether glycol in an amount in the range of 5 wt% to 97 wt%. In accordance with the present disclosure, the organic fluid medium acts as open time enhancer.
The particle size of the sparsely water soluble component present in the anti-algal additive composition is in the range of 5 to 25 µm, preferably 5 µm to 15 µm.
In accordance with the present disclosure, the additive composition is mixed with the water based coating composition, prior to use, to impart anti-algal properties to the coating composition.
In accordance with the one embodiment of the present disclosure, the compound of formula (I) is at least one selected from the group consisting of Cu(PPh3)3Cl, Cu(PPh3)3Br, Cu(PPh3)3I, Cu(PPh3)3NO3, Cu(PPh3)2(CH3OH)(OAc), Cu(PPh3)2(C3H7OH)(OAc), Cu(PPh3)2(C4H9OH)(OAc), Cu(PPh3)2(C5H11OH)(OAc), Cu(PPh3)2(C6H13OH)(OAc), Cu(PPh3)2(C7H15OH)(OAc), Cu(PPh3)2(C8H17OH)(OAc), Cu(PPh3)2(C9H19OH)(OAc), Cu(PPh3)2(C10H21OH)(OAc), and Cu(PPh3)2(C12H25OH)(OAc).
In accordance with the another embodiment of the present disclosure, the compound of formula (I) is complex of Cu(PPh3)2.OAc with at least one compound selected from ethylene glycol, di-ethylene glycol, tri-ethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol methyl ether, polyethylene glycol nonylphenyl ether, trimethylolpropane, neopentyl glycol, glycerol, cerenol, 2-ethoxyethanol, 2-butoxyethanol and propylene glycol n-propyl ether.
The compound of formula (I) has low water solubility. In the compound of the formula (I), z = 0, y = 0 and R2 = phenyl (Ph), and the compound is copper-triphenylphosphine complex and it is represented by formula II.
Cu(PPh3)xA
(II)
wherein, A is selected from the group consisting of acetate (OAc), chloride (Cl), and bromide (Br); and x is an integer ranging from 2 to 3.
In accordance with one exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the compound is copper-triphenylphosphine chloride [CAS No. 15709-76-9], which is represented by formula III.
Cu(PPh3)3(Cl)
(III)
In accordance with second exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the compound is copper-triphenylphosphine bromide [CAS No. 15709-74-7], which is represented by formula IV.
Cu(PPh3)3(Br)
(IV)
In accordance with third exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the compound is copper-triphenylphosphine acetate, which is represented by formula V.
Cu(PPh3)2(MeOH)(OAc)
The anti-algal additive composition further comprises water in an amount in the range of 5 wt% to 40 wt% of the total additive composition, preferably in the range of 20 wt% to 40 wt%.
The anti-algal additive composition further comprises an organic open time enhancer in an amount in the range of 1 wt% to 2 wt% of the total additive composition, wherein the organic open time enhancer is at least one selected from the group consisting of polyol, polyether polyol, polyether polyol monoalkyl ether and polyether polyol polyalkyl ether.
The anti-algal additive composition further comprises a pigment and an extender, together in an amount in the range of 15 wt% to 35 wt% of the total additive composition.
The pigment is at least one selected from the group consisting of rutile titanium dioxide, anatase titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, leaded zinc oxide, zinc sulfide, lead titanate, antimony oxide, zirconium oxide, white lead, basic lead silicate, lithopone, titanated lithopone, titanium-barium pigment, titanium-calcium pigment and titanium-magnesium pigment.
The extender is at least one selected from the group consisting of calcium carbonate, talc, clays, dolomite, silica and silicates.
The anti-algal additive composition further comprises a defoamer in an amount in the range of 0.1 wt% to 1 wt% of the total additive composition, wherein the defoamer is a substituted paraffin hydrocarbon.
The anti-algal additive composition further comprises a coalescing agent in an amount in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 wt% of the total additive composition, wherein the coalescing agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of polyol and substituted alcohol.
The anti-algal additive composition further comprises a thickening agent in an amount in the range of 0.2 to 0.5 wt% of the total additive composition, wherein the thickening agent is at least one selected from the group consisting of cellulose and derivatives thereof, polyurea derivatives, polyetherurea derivatives, polyurethane derivatives and polyureaurethane derivatives.
In accordance with one embodiment of the present disclosure, the additive composition comprises a sparsely water soluble component in an amount in the range of 40 to 80 wt%; an organic fluid medium in an amount in the range of 10 to 30 wt%; and water in an amount in the range of 10 to 30 wt%.
The present disclosure further provides a method for preparation of an anti-algal additive composition.
In first aspect, the method of the present disclosure comprises: charging the reactor with a sparsely water soluble component, followed by addition of an organic fluid medium. The mixture is stirred and grinded at a speed in the range of 450 to 550 rpm for a period of time in the range of 10 minutes to 100 minutes to obtain resultant mixture. The particle size of a sparsely water soluble component in the resultant mixture is in the range of 5 to 25 µm, preferably 15 µm.
In accordance with the present disclosure, the sparsely water soluble component comprises at least one compound selected from the group consisting of copper (I) cyanide and copper (I) thiocynate.
The method of the present disclosure further comprises the addition of at least one compound selected from the group consisting of water, open time enhancer, a thickening agent, a defoamer, an extender, a pigment, and a coalescing agent, to the anti-algal additive composition.
In accordance with the present disclosure, the organic fluid medium facilitates the grinding of the sparsely water soluble component to particle size in the range of 5 to 25 µm.
The anti-algal additive composition of the present disclosure exhibit enhanced efficacy of algaecidal activity without hampering stability. It can be added to the different water based coating composition, prior to use, to impart anti-algal activity to the coating compositions.
In second aspect, the method for the preparation of the anti-algal additive composition comprises following steps:
• Initially, a reactor is charged with copper (I) compound and phosphine compound in at least one an organic fluid medium and the resultant mixture is refluxed for a pre-determined time period to obtain a product mixture.
• After completion of reaction, the product mixture is cooled to obtain the anti-algal additive composition comprising the compound of Formula (I) and the organic fluid medium, wherein the particle size of the compound of formula (I) is in the range of 5 to 25 µm.
In accordance with the present disclosure, the copper (I) compound is at least one selected from the group consisting of copper (I) chloride, copper (I) bromide, and copper (I) acetate.
In an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure, the phosphine compound is triphenyl phosphine.
In accordance with the present disclosure, the organic fluid medium is at least one selected from C1-C8 alcohol, C2-C12 glycol, C2-C12 polyol, C2-C12 polyether glycol.
In accordance with the present disclosure, the organic fluid medium facilitates in obtaining the compound of formula (I) having the particle size in the range of 5 to 25 µm, on cooling the product mixture. It was observed that when organic fluid medium selected from C1-C8 alcohol, C2-C12 glycol, C2-C12 polyol, C2-C12 polyether glycol was used, cooling of the product mixture results in crystallization or precipitation of compound of formula (I) in the form of particles having particle size in the range of 5 to 25 µm.
The present disclosure is further described in light of the following experiments which are set forth for illustration purpose only and not to be construed for limiting the scope of the disclosure. The following experiments can be scaled up to industrial/commercial scale and the results obtained can be extrapolated to industrial scale.
EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS
Example-1: Preparation of the anti-algal additive composition
Experiment-1: Preparation of an anti-algal additive composition
The reactor was charged with a sparsely water soluble component, followed by addition of an organic fluid medium and water. The mixture was stirred and grinded at a speed in the range of 500 rpm for 30 minutes to obtain resultant mixture. The particle size of the sparsely water soluble component in the resultant mixture was 15 µm. Further, surfactant and calcium carbonate were added to resultant mixture and stirred for 30 minutes to obtain an anti-algal additive composition.
Four different anti-algal additive having varying chemical compositions were prepared. The contents of additive compositions 1 to 4 are summarized below in Table-1.
Table-1:
Additive
Composition Compound of Formula (I)*
wt % Surfactant

wt % Calcium carbonate
wt % Glycerol

wt % Water

wt %
1 65.0 10.0 10.0 15.0 0.0
2 60.0 15.0 10.0 5.0 10.0
3 60.0 5.0 0.0 35.0 0.0
4 60.0 10.0 0.0 15.0 15.0
* particle size of 15 µm
The additive compositions prepared by the process of the present disclosure are stable.
Experiment-2: Preparation of an anti-algal additive composition comprising copper triphenylphosphine bromide complex
Cu(PPh3)3Br
Initially, the reactor was charged with copper bromide (11 g) and tri-phenyl phosphine (56 g) in glycerol (250 mL) and the content was refluxed for 30 min. After completion of reaction, the reaction mixture was cooled to room temperature to obtain an anti-algal additive composition comprising copper triphenylphosphine bromide and glycerol. The particle size of the copper triphenylphosphine bromide is 15 µm.
Experiment-3: Preparation of an anti-algal additive composition comprising copper triphenylphosphine bromide complex
Cu(PPh3)3Cl
Similar experimental procedure as described in experiment 6 was followed except copper bromide was replaced with copper chloride.
Experiment-4: Preparation of an anti-algal additive composition comprising copper triphenylphosphine bromide complex
Cu(PPh3)2(MeOH)(OAc)
Similar experimental procedure as described in experiment 6 was followed except copper bromide was replaced with copper acetate and glycerol was replaced with methanol.
TECHNICAL ADVANCEMENTS
The present disclosure described herein above has several technical advantages including, but not limited to, the realization of:
• a water based anti-algal additive composition comprising:
? an anti-algal additive which comprises copper triphenylphosphine complex that imparts anti-algal activity.
Throughout this specification the word “comprise”, or variations such as “comprises” or “comprising”, will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element, integer or step, or group of elements, integers or steps, but not the exclusion of any other element, integer or step, or group of elements, integers or steps.
The use of the expression “at least” or “at least one” suggests the use of one or more elements or ingredients or quantities, as the use may be in the embodiment of the invention to achieve one or more of the desired objects or results. While certain embodiments of the inventions have been described, these embodiments have been presented by way of example only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the inventions. Variations or modifications to the composition of this invention, within the scope of the invention, may occur to those skilled in the art upon reviewing the disclosure herein. Such variations or modifications are well within the spirit of this invention.
The numerical values given for various physical parameters, dimensions and quantities are only approximate values and it is envisaged that the values higher than the numerical value assigned to the physical parameters, dimensions and quantities fall within the scope of the invention unless there is a statement in the specification to the contrary.
While considerable emphasis has been placed herein on the specific features of the preferred embodiment, it will be appreciated that many additional features can be added and that many changes can be made in the preferred embodiment without departing from the principles of the disclosure. These and other changes in the preferred embodiment of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein, whereby it is to be distinctly understood that the foregoing descriptive matter is to be interpreted merely as illustrative of the disclosure and not as a limitation.