Claims:We Claims,
[CLAIM 1] An Apparatus for Maintain of Cooling System in Mobile vehicle Comprising:
i. polyurethane foam (PUF) panels cover inner body area of the vehicles;
ii. phase change martial is attached after the polyurethane foam (PUF) panels;
iii. temperature controller sense the temperature and operate the condenser and compressor as per requirement of cooling in inner area of the compartment;
iv. flow of the cooling air is transfer from the compressor to condenser and move towards the inner compartment of the movable vehicles.
[CLAIM 2] The apparatus for maintain cooling system in mobile vehicle as claimed in claim 1 wherein phase change material is attached as a layer in inner body.
[CLAIM 3] The apparatus for maintain cooling system in mobile vehicle as claimed in claim 1 wherein phase change material is maintain inner cooling air of the vehicles.
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[CLAIM 4] The apparatus for maintain cooling system in mobile vehicle as claimed in claim 1 wherein condenser condense the inner air of the vehicles.
[CLAIM 5] The apparatus for maintain cooling system in mobile vehicle as claimed in claim 1 wherein phase change material absorbs the latent heat of inner body’s products and maintain the quality.
[CLAIM 6] The apparatus for maintain cooling system in mobile vehicle as claimed in claim 1 wherein inner layer is prepared by a polyurethane foam (PUF) Panels.
[CLAIM 7] The apparatus for maintain cooling system in mobile vehicle as claimed in claim 1 wherein inner heat is reduced by a VCRS cycle.
[CLAIM 8] The apparatus for maintain cooling system in mobile vehicle as claimed in claim 1 wherein low power is require to operate this type of cycle.
[CLAIM 9] The apparatus for maintain cooling system in mobile vehicle as claimed in claim 1 wherein to maintain quality of products while transportation.
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[CLAIM 10] The apparatus for maintain cooling system in mobile vehicle
as claimed in claim 1 wherein mobile vehicles are maintain
inner quality of the products. , Description:FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to cooling system in mobile vehicle. More particularly it’s based on phase change material with attached polyurethane foam (PUF) Panels to heat exchanger and use to transport of food items, dairy products and medicines and others purpose. 5
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Generally precooling device mounted on the container vehicles, it has been used to reduce this manner immediately its product temperature after harvesting vegetable perishable goods. However conventional pre-cooling apparatus, since 10 it is only simply arranged a cooler in a container (storage chamber), the cooling rate is disadvantageously very slow. Not only, cooling unevenness or occur in the goods, or by condensation on the surface, has been a cause of mold and rot. But it is also known how to pre-cooled by water, there is a fatal problem that cannot be pre-cooled in the after packed in a cardboard box. The damaged the 15 goods by water flow, there is a problem that corruption bacteria proliferate by adhering water.
US 5937664 A disclose the, A vehicle-use battery cooling system for cooling a battery mounted in a vehicle whose vehicle compartment is air conditioned by 20 an air conditioner, so as to maintain the battery in a predetermined temperature range, includes: a battery chamber for accommodating the battery; a cooling device having a cooling fan and adapted to cool the battery by supplying air in the vehicle compartment to an interior of the battery chamber by the cooling
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fan; a cooling-air circulating device for circulating air used in cooling the battery between the battery chamber and the vehicle compartment by guiding the air into the vehicle compartment; an exhausting device for exhausting the air used in cooling the battery to outside the vehicle; a changeover device for effecting a changeover between the cooling-air circulating device and the 5 exhausting device; a temperature detecting device for detecting at least one of a temperature of the interior of the battery chamber and a temperature of the battery; and a changeover controlling device for selecting the exhausting device by the changeover device when the temperature detected by the temperature detecting device has become greater than or equal to a predetermined value. 10
US 6094927 A talks about the, an electric vehicle includes plurality of batteries accommodated in a rear portion of a battery box, and an electric part is accommodated in an electric part accommodating chamber provided in a front portion of the battery box. Cooling air supplied from a cooling fan to the rear 15 portion of the battery box cools the batteries having a large thermal resistance, while being passed through a first cooling air passage around outer peripheries of the batteries at a low flow rate. A second cooling air passage having a smaller sectional area than that of the first cooling air passage is provided below the electric part accommodating chamber, and cooling fins protruding downwards 20 from the electric part are exposed within the second cooling air passage. The second cooling air passage extends continuously the first cooling air passage in a downstream direction of airflow, so that cooling air which has first cooled the batteries then cools the electric part having a smaller thermal resistance, while being passed through the second cooling air passage at a higher flow rate than 25 that in the first cooling air passage.
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US 5531285 A disclose the, an electric-hybrid type vehicle, has a main electric drive and motor and an auxiliary internal combustion engine drive. The vehicle includes an integrated liquid cooling/heating system for the electric drive power supply and the motor and the auxiliary internal combustion engine, whereby heat removed from the electric drive power supply can be supplied to the 5 auxiliary internal combustion engine to pre-heat it. A space heater may also be provided and supplied with heat from the drive power supply and from the traction motor.
The above and other objects and advantages of the present invention will 10 become apparent from the following specifications, drawings and claims. It will be understood that the particular embodiments of the invention are shown by way of illustration only and not as limitation of the invention. The principle features of this invention may be employed in various embodiments without departure from the scope of the invention. 15
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
The main objective of the present invention to provide cooling system in mobile vehicle, wherein phase change martial is stick on the inner side of the vehicle’s wall with the supporting member of polyurethane foam (PUF) Panels. 20
One of the objects of the present invention provide cooling system in mobile vehicles, wherein cooling process complete by using VCRS System.
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One of the objects of the present invention, to enhance delivers in the controlled environment chamber.
The other objective of the present invention, to reduce in 60% to 65% of operating cost of refrigerated vehicles. 5
Yet to other objective of the present invention, to use advanced Phase Change Martial (PCM) to increase efficiency of refrigeration system.
These together with other objects of the invention, along with the various 10 features of novelty which characterize the invention, are pointed out with particularity in the claims annexed to and forming a part of this disclosure. For a better understanding of the invention, its operating advantages and the specific objects attained by its uses, reference should be made to the accompanying drawings and descriptive matter in which there are illustrated preferred 15 embodiments of the invention.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS
The invention will be better understood and the above objects as well as objects other than those set forth above will become more apparent after a study of the 20 following detailed description thereof. Such description makes reference to the annexed drawing wherein:
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Figure 1: - Schematic view of the working principle of the invention.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF INVENTION
The most commonly used phase change materials (PCMs) are fatty acids, 5 paraffin waxes, hydrated salts, and eutectics (Farid et al. 2004). Paraffin’s fulfill the maximum requirements for use as PCMs as they are consistent, chemically inert, nontoxic, predictable, and stable below 500°C. They also show little volume change upon melting and have low vapor pressures in molten form Organic materials experience congruent melting with the ability for melting and 10 freezing to occur repeatedly without consequent degradation and phase segregation of their latent heat of fusion. During freezing of organic materials, self-nucleation takes place and thus the materials crystallize with little or no super cooling. This process is usually noncorrosive.
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As per the figure 1, cooling air is insert in movable vehicles as same working as a VCRS System. Here only phase change material is use to cover basement and other sides of storage compartment. This type of system is use in large truck and other mobility. In this figure PCM is absorb the latent heat from the inner heat and release the hot air from the condenser using a evaporator and expansion 20 valve.
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PCM is working as a ambient temperature and air temperature is inside the container without PCM, with water as PCM, and with OP5E as PCM under extremely low temperature conditions, respectively. It was observed that the temperature-controlled time was about 1 h (62 min) by using the container without PCM. This time was extended to 10 h when using water as PCM and to 5 102 h when using OP5E as PCM. The air temperature in the container dropped swiftly to -6°C and rose to -1~-2°C by applying water. This phenomenon could be caused by the subcooling of water. The nucleation of water did not occur until the air temperature in the container decreased to -6°C. The air temperature increased when water began to freeze and amounts of heat were 10 released during the liquid-solid phase transition. The temperature inside the container kept constant at -1~-2°C until the nucleation process ended. On the other hand, the air temperature in the container maintained at 4~5°C for the first 60 h and then decreased slowly to 2°C after 102 h when using OP5E as PCM. In all three cases, the measuring point, which firstly exceeded the minimum 15 temperature of 2°C, was also one of the points in the corner as in the case under extremely high temperature condition. A cold-chain insulated container integrated with PCM has been developed for a temperature-controlled transportation in a range of 2~8°C. 72-h transportation under various temperature conditions has been achieved with the high insulation performance 20 of the container and the double-layer PCM panels. Different preconditioning methods have been determined to take full advantage of the phase transition of the PCM. The container performance depends largely on the phase transition temperature range, the melting/freezing enthalpy, and the mass of that is PCM used. The container presented a sub cooling effect in a range of -1~2°C for 72 h 25 under extremely high temperature and alternating temperature conditions by applying water as PCM. For the utilization at extremely low temperature, the
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holding time was only 10h. However, the temperature-controlled time was extended from 1h to more than 80 h by using a PCM with a melting/freezing point at 5°C. Furthermore, the air temperature in the container was maintained at a steady at 4~5°C for most of the time under extremely high, extremely low, and alternating temperature conditions, which would contribute to extending the 5 shelf-life of drugs or food. The experimental values of the temperature-controlled time agreed well with the theoretical values. The results showed that the insulated containers with PCM could be an attractive alternative to refrigerated trucks or containers having a compressor for cold-chain systems.
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The main embodiment of the present invention to provide a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger plates have a refrigerant coil inside. The PCM filled inside the plate remains completely immersed in the PCM solution. During charging or freezing cycle begins when refrigerant is passed through the coil at a temperature lower than the phase change point of PCM. When the temperature 15 in the room starts to rise above the phase change point of the PCM, the surface of the heat exchangers starts to release the energy at a constant temperature, thereby maintaining the temperature of the environment.
The other main embodiment of the present invention to provide a PCM. The 20 main principle of cooling with PCMs is the receiving or releasing of a high amount of cold during a phase change at an extremely low temperature difference and relatively constant temperature. This phenomenon occurs during the solidification and melting processes. During the cold storage process, the PCM is solidified and during the cold release process the PCM is melted. Curve 25
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A represents an actual solidification or melting process, where the slope of the curve is increased during the phase change. However, in theoretical studies the solidification or melting process appears at a constant temperature. A phase change material is proficient way of absorbing or releasing excessive amount of energy in a form of latent heat during phase transitions between or solid–liquid 5 or solid–solid phases over a narrow temperature range. Latent heat storage in phase change material is very attractive because of its high storage density with small temperature variation. The enhancement of PCM heat transfer performance is still needs attention. The heat transfer coefficient increased about 50.3% compared to water. Increase in PCM concentration shows some 10 effect on heat transfer enhancement in the range of concentrations studied.
The other embodiment of the present invention to provide compressor. A reciprocating compressor is also called a piston compressor which adopts the back and forth piston motion in a cylinder synchronized with suction and 15 discharge valves to compress the vaporized refrigerant from a low pressure and temperature to a high pressure and temperature (shown in Figure 2). The motion of the piston is achieved via a crankshaft which converts motor rotations to piston reciprocations.
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Almost all phase change materials (PCMs), whether organic or inorganic, have a drawback of having low heat transfer rates during melting and freezing processes due to their inherent low thermal conductivity. Low thermal conductivity in PCM hinders the heat transfer process within its domain by prolonging the charging (heat addition) or discharging (heat rejection) period. 25
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This problem not only drastically affects the melting and solidification performance of the LHTES system, but also limits their widespread use as latent heat storage material. The thermal conductivities of organic and inorganic materials usually swing around approximately 0.2 W/m°C and 0.5 W/m°C, respectively. To have these PCMs successfully utilized commercially, some 5 mechanism needs to be incorporated that can enhance the thermal conductivity. Enhancing the heat transfer rate through a PCM is a present day challenge. Different approaches have been proposed to enhance the thermal conductivity of PCM. For example, the placement of metal structure (i.e. fins) inside a PCM, use of porous material, metal foams, carbon fibers and dispersion of high 10 thermal conductivity nanoparticles in the PCM are among the common techniques used to enhance the effective thermal conductivity of PCMs. Although there are many merits in these methods/applications, however, most of these enhancement techniques suffer from increased weight and volume in the system, except for the use of nanoparticles. Nanoparticles possess physical 15 and chemical properties, which are quite different from their bulk form.
Here mobile vehicles mean to use a transport vehicle at one place to other place. Its moving or walking around freely: You've broken your ankle but you'll be fully mobile within a couple of months. It's important to keep the joint mobile 20 while it heals. Able to be moved from one place to another: ... We have family ties, so we're not very mobile
Producing various types of nanoparticles has become cheaper due to rapid advancement in nanotechnology. There is a growing use of nanotechnology in 25
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different engineering, electronics and industrial processes. The presence of a mere number of nanoparticles in the PCM significantly increases the effective thermal conductivity of the PCM, and consequently enhances the heat transfer characteristics. A fluid containing Nano particles, generally less than 100 nm sizes is termed as Nano fluid. Nano fluids are prepared by dispersing such tiny 5 particles (1-100 nm) in a base fluid such as water, ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, oil and other conventional heat transfer fluids. Preserving the intended properties, holding nanoparticles in the fluid suspended after repetitive cycles and the cost of bulk volume of nanoparticles are the few major problems of widespread use of these nanoparticles. The aim of this work is to improve the 10 thermal performance of commercial freezers using phase change materials (PCMs) under door openings and electrical power failure. A commercial PCM was selected (Climsel-18) with a melting temperature of -18 °C, which is contained in 10 mm thick stainless-steel panels placed at different locations in the freezer. During 3 h of electrical power failure, the use of PCM maintained 15 the freezer temperature 4–6°C lower and that of the frozen products remains at acceptable levels for much longer time. With frequent door openings the benefit of the PCM is evident when the temperature of the cabinet is near the melting temperature of the PCM.
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The present invention further comprises a method for controlling the temperature of a payload within a temperature range, between a minimum temperature and a maximum temperature. The method of the present invention preferably generally comprises placing a first material having a first phase change temperature of approximately the minimum temperature, and a second 25 material having a second phase change temperature of approximately the
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maximum temperature, into thermal contact with the payload materials. The first and second materials utilized in practicing the method of the present invention are as described above. This method can further comprise the use of the insulating container, heat transfer devices, and thermal inertia elements described herein. For example, the payload is placed in the inner product 5 carrying container. If desired, thermal inertia elements are provided, and are inserted into the inner product carrying container 180 along with the payload. The inner product carrying container 180 is placed into the outer housing. One or more heat transfer devices separately containing quantities of the first and second materials, as described above, are placed between the inner product 10 carrying container and the outer housing. In this manner, the payload is insulated against heat transfer to or from the ambient by the outer housing, the heat transfer devices, and the inner product carrying container. Additionally, as more fully described above, the latent heats of transformation of the first and second materials provide additional resistance against temperature changes 15 outside of the target temperature range. If provided, the additional thermal mass of the thermal inertia elements provides additional resistance to temperature changes. The method of the present invention thereby enables improved efficiency in the storage and transport of temperature sensitive materials.
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According to figure 1, they show the internal layout of transporting device. In this layout there are all components are shows. This system similar to VCRS System (Vapor Compression Refrigeration System) .
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The process of the present invention, still a further advantage of using a phase-change material is that the phase change material will also provide active thermal control in contrast to single phase sensible heating. The thermal control is available due to the nature of phase change materials, because the phase change material melts or solidifies at a constant temperature. Therefore, if 5 cooling is required, (e.g., the ambient temperature in the container is warmer than the surroundings), the phase change material will melt, thereby absorbing heat from the surroundings and providing cooling. Likewise, if there is heating required (e.g., the ambient temperature is colder than the surroundings), the phase change material will solidify, thereby rejecting heat to the surroundings 10 and providing heating. The new use which we have recognized for such phase change materials is thus ideal for the shipment of perishable, temperature sensitive items such as human and animal organs, blood plasma, body parts, biological cultures, and bacteria which have to be shipped long distances (air shipments) and are extremely temperature sensitive. 15
The other embodiment of the present invention is provide an air cooler. It’s An air cooler is a heat exchanger used to cool and/or dehumidify the air. The function of an air cooler is similar to that of an evaporator. The air that is to be cooled /dehumidified is forced over the aluminum fins by a fan. 20
The other embodiment of the present invention having an accumulator. Accumulator is in the piston type accumulator, the energy in the compressed gas exerts pressure against the piston separating the gas and hydraulic fluid. The
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piston in turn, forces the fluid from the cylinder into the system and to the location where useful work will be accomplished.
The other embodiment of the present invention a having a polyurethane foam (PUF) Panel. PUF panel is Lightweight, energy-efficient and durable panels. 5 Suitable for diverse applications, PUF panels consist of a rigid core sandwiched between sheet metal structural boards. PUF insulated sandwich panels integrate joists and studs, insulation, vapor and air barriers. PUF insulation is the acronym for polyurethane foam insulation. Foam insulation are produced by filling the void of any insulating material by an insulating gas. For normal uses 10 usually air is filled in the polymeric material as the insulating gas.
The other embodiment of the present invention is having an evaporator. An evaporator is a device in a process used to turn the liquid form of a chemical substance such as water into its gaseous-form/vapor. The liquid is evaporated, 15 or vaporized, into a gas form of the targeted substance in that process.
The other embodiment of the present invention having a liquid line filter. A filter-drier in a refrigeration or air conditioning system has two essential functions: one, to adsorb system contaminants, such as water, which can create 20 acids, and two, to provide physical filtration.
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The other process having a present invention is eutectic process. Eutectic systems consist of hollow tubes, beams or plates filled with an eutectic solution (phase change material) to store energy and produce a cooling effect whenever necessary to maintain the correct temperature in the refrigerated container. The Eutectic concept is different to conventional refrigeration systems in that a cold 5 source (heat absorption) is provided by phase change material rather than direct expansion of refrigerant gas. The plates or beams that contain the eutectic are charged (frozen down) at night on mains power. Once the beams are frozen they operate silently and provide reliable, rapid cooling for a specific duration of time. Systems for food transport applications can be based solely on eutectic 10 thermal energy storage or can be a combination of eutectic and vapor compression system. Such systems which may be suitable for small deliveries where the heat loss through frequently opening doors can be a major problem. They can offer savings by using a small refrigeration system running relatively efficiently or if coupled with a mechanical refrigeration device can offer 15 efficiency savings by reducing the number of on/off control cycles There are fixed sizes of plates or beams available and selection involves calculations based on the prescribed delivery rounds, the journey length, number of door openings, time period etc.
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The present invention is working process is the system is charged from the grid for 12 to 15 hrs. R-404A refrigerant gas is passed through condensing unit which cools the ambient air flowing through evaporator and this air is flown to the cabin, this cool air freezes the phase change material (PCM).After this the system is plugged off from the grid. Then the food products or medicinal 25 supplies or sea foods that are needed to be transported at required temperature is
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put into the cabin. The temperature inside the cabin is maintained for 5 to 8 hrs. This freeze PCM absorbs the latent heat of the product and thus maintains the quality of the product during transportation and the whole system is engine free unlike the conventional transport refrigeration system.