FORM 2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
(39 of 1970)
As amended by the Patents (Amendment) Act, 2005
AND
The Patents Rules, 2003
As amended by the Patents (Amendment) Rules, 2005
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See section 10 and rule 13)
TITLE OF THE INVENTION
An apparatus for measurement of total gas content in oil.
APPLICANTS:
Crompton Greaves Limited, CG House, Dr. Annie Besant Road, Worli, Mumbai -400 030, Maharashtra, India, an Indian Company.
INVENTOR
Sahasrabudhe Mayuresh and Chaudhari Sushil Ekanath; both of Crompton Greaves
Ltd, Dielectrics Laboratory, High Voltage Product Technology (HVPT) Centre, Global R&D Centre, Kanjur (E), Mumbai - 400 042, Maharashtra, India, both Indian Nationals.
PREAMBLE TO THE DESCRIPTION:
The following specification particularly describes the nature of this invention and
the manner in which it is to be performed.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION:
This invention relates to the field of electro-mechanical assemblies.
Particularly, this invention relates to an apparatus for measurement of total gas content in oil.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:
Electrical equipment may be fluid-filled electrical equipment, in that; the fluid may be oils such as insulation oil in'order to impart pre-determined characteristics to the working of the electrical equipment.
One such fluid-filled electrical equipment is transformer with insulation oil as the filled fluid. Transformer oil is the 'blood' of transformer. It bathes every component of transformer and contains lot of diagnostic information to evaluate health of transformer.
The decomposition of transformer insulation materials results in the formation of gases which then partially or totally dissolve in the oil. 'Fault Gases' are formed in transformer oil due to natural ageing and as result of faults inside transformer. Gas formation includes oxidation, vaporization, insulation decomposition, oil breakdown and electrolytic action. The gases are Hydrogen, Methane, Acetylene, Ethylene, Ethane, Carbon monoxide and Carbon-di-oxide. These gases are dissolved in the oil and hence called dissolved gases.
Close observation of dissolved gases in the oil and other oil properties provides the most valuable information about transformer health. By monitoring the variations in the concentration of these gases in the oil, electrical utility industries diagnose

the presence of faults at an early stage and take preventive action before failures occur.
Dissolved Gas Analysis (DGA) is important for determining health of transformer as detected gas values give information about faults such as PD, Arcing, and Thermal Heating occurring in transformers. The analysis of dissolved gases in electrical insulating oils is an efficient diagnostic tool for routine performance monitoring of power system equipment. DGA of transformer oil is the most sensitive and reliable loss prevention technique to have early indication of abnormal behavior of transformer.
In DGA procedures, oil sampling is the most important part as improper oil sampling can lead to misleading results and catastrophic failures of transformers. There is lot of scope for human error in current oil sampling practice. Complete extraction of all gases from oil is to be ensured since the results are interpretation of concentration of fault gases in sample oil.
DGA results are interpreted in PPM (parts per million). They represent concentration of fault gases in sample oil. To achieve this, fault gases are completely extracted from a known volume of sample oil. For accurate results, 'complete extraction' is important.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION:
An object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for total gas content analysis which is a continuous online and measurement apparatus for measurement of total gas content in insulation oil.

Another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for total gas content analysis, which apparatus provides for continuous stirring of oil for generation of gas.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for total gas content analysis, which apparatus provides for continuous heating of oil for generation of gas.
Still another object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for total gas content analysis, which apparatus provides for continuous simultaneous stirring and heating of oil for generation of gas.
An additional object of the invention is to provide an apparatus for total gas content analysis, which apparatus is a simple and efficient apparatus.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION:
According to this invention, there is provided an apparatus for measurement of total gas content in oil, said apparatus comprises:
a. metal container adapted to receive oil;
b. heating assembly associated with said metal container, said heating
assembly being adapted to heat said oil in said in said metal container;
c. stirring assembly associated with said metal container, said stirring assembly
being adapted to stir said oil in said in said metal container; and
d. manometer adjacent said metal container, said manometer adapted to receive
gases evolved from said container due to said heating and said stirring, said
manometer adapted to provide a reading of total gas content in said received
oil in accordance with pre-defined calibration parameters.

Typically, said container comprises a top-located inlet valve for letting in oil. to be tested.
Preferably, said container a top-located inlet valve for letting in oil to be tested, said top-located inlet valve being a manual valve or an automated valve.
Typically, said container comprises a top-located outlet valve for letting out gases evolved from said oil through the said container.
Preferably, said container comprises a top-located outlet valve for letting out gases evolved from the oil through the said container, said outlet valve being a manual valve or an automated valve.
Typically, said container comprises a bottom-located outlet valve adapted to serve as a drain valve for draining out oil from said container.
Preferably, said container comprises a bottom-located outlet valve adapted to serve as a drain valve for draining out oil from said container, said drain valve being a manual valve or an automated valve.
Typically, said manometer being adapted to receive gases from said metal container, said manometer further being adapted to provide readings in correlation to total gas content due to relative displacement of oil in said manometer.
Typically, said manometer comprises a two-way stop valve.
Typically, said apparatus comprises a heating control switch adapted to control heating parameters for said heating assembly.

Typically, said apparatus comprises a stirring control switch adapted to control stirring parameters for said stirring assembly.
Preferably, said stirring assembly comprises a magnetic stirrer.
Typically, said apparatus is a continuous online monitoring and measuring apparatus for monitoring and measurement of total gas content in transformer oil.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS:
The invention will now be described in relation to the accompanying drawings, in
which:
Figure 1 illustrates a schematic of an apparatus for measurement of total gas content in oil.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS:
According to this invention, there is provided an apparatus for measurement of total gas content in oil.
Figure 1 illustrates a schematic of this apparatus.
In accordance with an embodiment of this invention, there is provided a metal container (12) adapted to receive oil. The container includes a top-located inlet valve (11) for letting in oil to be tested in accordance with the system and method of this invention. Further, the container includes a top-located outlet valve (13) for letting out gases, to be tested, evolved from the container. Additionally, the container includes a bottom-located outlet valve (15) adapted to serve as a drain valve for draining out oil from the container body.

In accordance with another embodiment of this invention, there is provided a manometer (20) adjacent said metal container, said manometer adapted to be connected to said top-located outlet valve. The manometer is adapted to receive gases from the metal container. The manometer is adapted to provide readings in correlation to total gas content due to relative displacement of oil in the manometer.
Typically, a manometer measures the difference in air or liquid pressure by comparing it to an outside source, usually a sample of Earth's atmosphere. A liquid is placed in the tube, usually a responsive liquid like mercury that is stable under pressure. One end of the U-tube is then filled with the gas to be measured, usually pumped in so the tube can be sealed behind it. The other end is left open for a natural pressure level. The liquid is then balanced in the lower section of the U, depending on the strength of the gas. The atmospheric pressure pushes down on the liquid, forcing it down and into the closed end of the tube. The gas trapped in the sealed end also pushes down, forcing the liquid back to the other side. Then a measurement is taken to see how far the liquid in the sealed end has been pushed either below the point of the liquid in the open end or above it. If the liquid is level, straight across in both tubes, then the gas is equal to outside air pressure. If the liquid rises above this level in the sealed end, then the air's pressure is heavier than the gas. If the gas is heavier than the air, it will push the liquid in the sealed end below the equal point. The manometer can be appropriately calibrated in order to understand the readings, specifically, in relation to the gases to be measured.
Reference numeral 25 refers to a two-way stop valve at the manometer.
In accordance with yet another embodiment of this invention, there is provided a heating assembly (32) associated with the metal container (12). The heating

assembly is adapted to heat the content in the metal container. I.e. the heating assembly (32) is adapted to heat the oil in the metal container. A heating control switch (34) controls the heating parameters for the heating assembly.
In accordance with yet another embodiment of this invention, there is provided a stirring assembly (42) associated with the metal container (12). The stirring assembly is adapted to stir the content in the metal container. I.e. the stirring assembly (42) is adapted to stir the oil in the metal container. A stirring control switch (44) controls the stirring parameters for the stirring assembly. The stirring assembly may include a magnetic stirrer.
Reference numeral 16 refers to an ON / OFF switch for the heating and stirring assembly.
Oil is continuously stirred and heated for generation of gas. The evolved gas is introduced into manometer through the top-located outlet valve and measured in terms of quantity of displaced oil in the manometer.
The apparatus of this invention is used for continuous online monitoring and measurement of total gas content in transformer oil.
According to a non-limiting exemplary embodiment, total gas content was measured using the apparatus of this invention. Following table elucidates the experimental data.

Sr. No. Oil quantity in ml Oil Temperature in 0C Stirring Time Total gas content measure in ml
1) 125 34 25 5

2) 100 39 20 3
3) 100 38 20 2.4
4) 100 40 20 0.9
5) 100 46 20 0.4
6) 100 45 20 4.8
It was found that these results were accurate results, thereby proving efficacy of the apparatus and method of this invention.
The technical advancement of this invention lies in provisioning an apparatus to receive oil with dissolved gases and in which apparatus, there are continuous heating and stirring capabilities so that gases evolve from the oil in the apparatus in to an adjacently located manometer to measure gas content in terms of quantity of displaced oil.
While this detailed description has disclosed certain specific embodiments of the present invention for illustrative purposes, various modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art which do not constitute departures from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims, and it is to be distinctly understood that the foregoing descriptive matter is to be interpreted merely as illustrative of the invention and not as a limitation.

We claim,
1. An apparatus for measurement of total gas content in oil, said apparatus
comprising:
a. metal container adapted to receive oil;
b. heating assembly associated with said metal container, said heating
assembly being adapted to heat said oil in said in said metal container;
c. stirring assembly associated with said metal container, said stirring
assembly being adapted to stir said oil in said in said metal container;
and
d. manometer adjacent said metal container, said manometer adapted to
receive gases evolved from said container due to said heating and said
stirring, said manometer adapted to provide a reading of total gas
content in said received oil in accordance with pre-defined calibration
parameters.
2. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said container comprising a top-located inlet valve for letting in oil to be tested.
3. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said container comprising a top-located inlet valve for letting in oil to be tested, said top-located inlet valve being a manual valve or an automated valve.
4. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said container comprising a top-located outlet valve for letting out gases evolved from said oil through the said container.

5. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said container comprising a top-located outlet valve for letting out gases evolved from the oil through the said container, said outlet valve being a manual valve or an automated valve.
6. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said container comprising a bottom-located outlet valve adapted to serve as a drain valve for draining out oil from said container.
7. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said container comprising a bottom-located outlet valve adapted to serve as a drain valve for draining out oil from said container, said drain valve being a manual valve or an automated valve.
8. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said manometer being adapted to receive gases from said metal container, said manometer further being adapted to provide readings in correlation to total gas content due to relative displacement of oil in said manometer.
9. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said manometer comprising a two-way stop valve.
10. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said apparatus comprising a heating control switch adapted to control heating parameters for said heating assembly.

11. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said apparatus comprising a stirring control switch adapted to control stirring parameter for said stirring assembly.
12. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said stirring assembly comprising a magnetic stirrer.
13. The apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein said apparatus is a continuous online monitoring and measuring apparatus for monitoring and measurement of total gas content in transformer oil.