CLIAMS:1. A surfactant concentrate consisting of:
a. 5-25% w/w Class I surfactant;
b. 5-30% w/w Class II surfactant;
c. 5-60% w/w Class III surfactant; and
d. 10-50% w/w Class IV surfactant;
wherein said Class I surfactant is selected from decyl glucoside, alkyl glucoside, alkyl polyglucosides and combinations thereof;
said Class II surfactant is selected from sodium cocoyl apple amino acids surfactants, sodium lauryl sarcosinate, acyl isethionates, sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium isethionate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, sodium lauroyl methyl isethionate, sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, and the series, sodium alkyl sulfate, alkyl sulfates, anionic acyl sarcosinates, methyl acyl taurates, N-acyl glutamates, acyl isethionates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl phosphate esters, ethoxylated alkyl phosphate esters, trideceth sulfates, protein condensates, mixtures of ethoxylated alkyl sulfates, and combinations thereof;
said Class III surfactant is selected from PEG-8-Caprylic Capric triglycerides, Polyethylene glycol propylene glycol cocoates, PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil , PEG modified triglycerides, PEG -40 Sorbitan Perisostearate, PEG 40 Stearate, PEG 80 Glyceryl Cocoate, PEG 120 Methyl Glucose Dioleate, PEG 150 Distearate, PEG 200 Hydrogenated Glyceryl Palmate, PEG 7 Glyceryl Cocoate, and combinations thereof; and
said Class IV surfactant is selected from Polysorbate 20, sorbitan monolaurate, Polysorbate 40, Polysorbate 60, Polysorbate 80; and combinations thereof.
2. A personal care cleansing composition comprising 90-99% weight/weight water; 0.2-10% weight/weight surfactant concentrate; said surfactant concentrate consisting of
a. 5-25% w/w Class I surfactant;
b. 5-30% w/w Class II surfactant;
c. 5-60% w/w Class III surfactant; and
d. 10-50% w/w Class IV surfactant;
wherein said Class I surfactant is selected from Decyl Glucoside, alkyl glucoside, alkyl poly glucosides and combinations thereof;
said Class II surfactant is selected from Sodium Cocoyl Apple amino acids surfactants, Sodium lauryl sarcosinate, acyl isethionates, Sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium isethionate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, Sodium lauroyl methyl isethionate, sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, and the series, sodium alkyl sulfate, alkyl sulfates, anionic acyl sarcosinates, methyl acyl taurates, N-acyl glutamates, acyl isethionates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl phosphate esters, ethoxylated alkyl phosphate esters, trideceth sulfates, protein condensates, mixtures of ethoxylated alkyl sulfates, and combinations thereof;
said Class III surfactant is selected from PEG-8-Caprylic Capric triglycerides, Polyethylene glycol propylene glycol cocoates, PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil , PEG modified triglycerides, PEG -40 Sorbitan Perisostearate, PEG 40 Stearate, PEG 80 Glyceryl Cocoate, PEG 120 Methyl Glucose Dioleate, PEG 150 Distearate, PEG 200 Hydrogenated Glyceryl Palmate, PEG 7 Glyceryl Cocoate, and combinations thereof; and
said Class IV surfactant is selected from Polysorbate 20, sorbitan monolaurate, Polysorbate 40, Polysorbate 60, Polysorbate 80; and combinations thereof.
3. The personal care cleansing composition as claimed in claim 2, wherein said composition is formulated into personal care product forms selected from face wash, face wipes, body wipes, hand cleansers, body cleansers, body wash, shower gel mild facial cleanser, hair spray, hair mist, make up remover, facial cleansing gel, facial wipes, under eye treatment, wipes, acne treatment, and anti-ageing.
4. The personal care cleansing composition as claimed in any of claims 2 and 3, wherein said composition further comprise cosmetically acceptable excipients selected from solubilizers, plasticizers, polymers, surfactants, binders, emollient, preservatives, color, fragrance, emotives, pH Regulator, water, secondary emulsifier, active ingredients, pigments, electrolytes (salts), humectants, structurants and combinations thereof.
5. A process for preparing the personal care cleansing composition as claimed in any of claims 2 to 4, said process comprises the steps of:
i. weighing surfactants in a container and mixing well with gentle stirring (at 10-60°C), most preferably at 20-40°C;
ii. adding water to the surfactant mixture obtained in step (i) and mixing well with gentle stirring at (10 – 60°C), most preferably 20-40°C;
iii. adding cosmetically acceptable excipients and mixing well with gentle stirring to obtain the composition as claimed in any of claims 2 to 4.
6. A process for preparing the personal care cleansing composition as claimed in any of claims 2 to 4 and further comprising oil soluble actives, said process comprises the steps of :
i) weighing the surfactants in a container and mixing well with gentle stirring (at 10-60°C), most preferably at 20-40°C;
ii) adding oil soluble active in the surfactant mixture obtained in step (i) and mixing well under gentle stirring;
iii) adding one fourth of the total water and stirring well gently until a clear solution is obtained;
iv) adding rest of the water to make up the volume and stirring gently for homogeneous mixing to obtain said personal care cleansing composition.
7. A process for preparing the personal care cleansing composition as claimed in any of claims 2 to 4 and further comprising water soluble actives, said process comprises the steps of:
i) weighing the surfactants in a container and mixing well with gentle stirring (at 10-60°C), most preferably at 20-40°C;
ii) adding water to make up the volume and stirring gently for homogeneous mixing;
iii) adding water soluble active/s and mixing well under gentle stirring gently for homogeneous mixing to obtain said personal care cleansing composition. ,TagSPECI:Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to personal care compositions. More specifically the present invention relates to cleansing compositions.

Background and the prior art
Surfactants are well-known for their cleansing and dirt removing properties but surfactants starts their activity once they achieve their respective critical micelle concentration (CMC) and thus most of skin cleansing liquid present in the art employs high amount of surfactants in the formulation to bring out the cleaning effect. Using high amount of surfactant makes the formulation harsh to skin and hence it is desired to develop a formulation incorporating less quantity of surfactant.
Further, water is essential for personal cleansing and hygiene maintenance but, there are many geographical locations in India which are facing the problem of water shortage. So, it is desired to develop a skin cleansing formulation that either require less water for rinsing or does not require water at all. Most of the skin cleansing formulation present in the state of the art requires use of alcohol as an essential component in formulation. Alcohol based system has serious disadvantages associated like it dries skin, destroys the skin barrier, it has carcinogenic properties, hazardous in case it catches fire, and moreover is not environment friendly in nature.
There are many cleansing composition which are known in the art to which requires less surfactant and are alcohol free.
CN102113970 discloses hair cleansing liquid comprising of 0.1 to 15 percent of anionic polymer, 0 to 15 percent of anionic surfactant, 0 to 25 percent of nonionic surfactant and/or ampholytic surfactant and 0 to 1.5 percent of inorganic salt. This composition requires anionic polymer and inorganic salt which are the essential components. Further the hair cleansing liquid of CN102113970 requires post application rinsing.
US5716919 discloses novel cleansing composition which is mild, has good cleansing properties, and is easily rinsed off with water. The cleansing composition comprises; (a) 25-80%, by weight of at least one compound bearing at least one hydroxy moiety, selected from the group consisting of polyhydric alcohols; (b) at least one hydrophilic nonionic surfactant selected from the group consisting of polyethoxylated sorbitan esters; (c) no more than 55%, by weight, of water; and (d) 0.1% to 10%, by weight, of an anionic surfactant. US5716919 uses polyhydric alcohols and no more than 55% of water and requires post application rinsing.
US2006/165739 discloses compositions that comprise alcohol-free microemulsions and methods for their use that include a surfactant, a lipophilic linker, and/or a hydrophilic linker. In certain aspects, compositions of the invention have the ability to microemulsify sebum while providing enhanced cleansing of cosmetic products from the skin or hair. US2006/165739 is directed towards formation of a microemulsion and requires post application rinsing.
The above prior art requires higher amount of water to achieve the clean and wash-off feeling.
Thus there is a need to develop a “skin cleansing liquid” having low concentration of surfactant with improved skin cleansing properties; without use of alcohol and which require no water or less water for rinsing.

Object of the invention
It is an object of the present invention to overcome the drawbacks of the prior art.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a cleansing composition which use lower level of surfactant.
It is yet another object of the present invention to provide a cleansing composition which does not contain alcohols or non-aqueous solvents.
It is a further object of the present invention to provide a cleansing composition which will require no water and minimum water for rinsing.
It is also an object of the present invention to deliver active/beneficial ingredients to skin.

Summary of the Invention
According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a surfactant concentrate consisting of 5-25% w/w Class I surfactant; 5-30% w/w Class II surfactant; 5-60% w/w Class III surfactant; and 10-50% w/w Class IV surfactant;
said Class I surfactant is selected from Decyl Glucoside, alkyl glucoside, alkyl poly glucosides and combinations thereof;
said Class II surfactant is selected from Sodium Cocoyl Apple amino acids surfactants, Sodium lauryl sarcosinate, acyl isethionates, Sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium isethionate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, Sodium lauroyl methyl isethionate, sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, and the series, sodium alkyl sulfate, alkyl sulfates, anionic acyl sarcosinates, methyl acyl taurates, N-acyl glutamates, acyl isethionates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl phosphate esters, ethoxylated alkyl phosphate esters, trideceth sulfates, protein condensates, mixtures of ethoxylated alkyl sulfates, and combinations thereof;
said Class III surfactant is selected from PEG-8-Caprylic Capric triglycerides, Polyethylene glycol propylene glycol cocoates, PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil , PEG modified triglycerides, PEG -40 Sorbitan Perisostearate, PEG 40 Stearate, PEG 80 Glyceryl Cocoate, PEG 120 Methyl Glucose Dioleate, PEG 150 Distearate, PEG 200 Hydrogenated Glyceryl Palmate, PEG 7 Glyceryl Cocoate, and combinations thereof; and
said Class IV surfactant is selected from Polysorbate 20, sorbitan monolaurate, Polysorbate 40, Polysorbate 60, Polysorbate 80; and combinations thereof.

According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a personal care cleansing composition comprising 90-99% weight/weight water; 0.2-10% weight/weight surfactant concentrate of the present invention.

According to a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a process for preparing the personal care cleansing composition of the present invention, said process comprises the steps of:
i) weighing surfactants in a container and mixing well with gentle stirring (at 10-60°C), most preferably at 20-40°C;
ii) adding water to the surfactant mixture obtained in step (i) and mixing well with gentle stirring at (10 – 60°C), most preferably 20-40°C;
iii) adding cosmetically acceptable excipients and mixing well with gentle stirring to obtain the composition of the present invention.

According to a yet another aspect of the present invention there is provided a process for preparing the personal care cleansing composition with further comprising oil soluble actives, said process comprises the steps of :
i) weighing the surfactants in a container and mixing well with gentle stirring (at 10-60°C), most preferably at 20-40°C;
ii) adding oil soluble active in the surfactant mixture obtained in step (i) and mixing well under gentle stirring;
iii) adding one fourth of the total water and stirring well gently until a clear solution is obtained;
iv) adding rest of the water to make up the volume and stirring gently for homogeneous mixing to obtain said personal care cleansing composition.

According to a further aspect of the present invention there is provided a process for preparing the personal care cleansing composition with further comprising water soluble actives, said process comprises the steps of:
i) weighing the surfactants in a container and mixing well with gentle stirring (at 10-60°C), most preferably at 20-40°C;
ii) adding water to make up the volume and stirring gently for homogeneous mixing;
iii) adding water soluble active/s and mixing well under gentle stirring gently for homogeneous mixing to obtain said personal care cleansing composition.

Brief description of Accompanying Drawings
Figure 1 illustrates the solubilization of oil-soluble dye by individual surfactant and the surfactant mixture disclosed in this invention.
Figure 2 illustrates the penetration/delivery of the active ingredient from the aqueous alcohol free cleansing system (CS) of the present invention vis-à-vis the baseline.
Figures 3 illustrates the skin clean feel and wash off feel of the composition of the present invention with respect to that of the CN102113970.

Detail Description of the Present Invention
The present invention relates to a concentrate of an aqueous mixed surfactants system that can be used as a cleansing solution for cosmetics and dermatological application using less amount of surfactant. The system of the present invention requires no water or minimum water for rinsing. The size of the micelle of the aqueous surfactant system varies from 1-50 nm.

The present invention provides a cleansing composition comprising 90-99% weight/weight water and 0.2 -10% weight/weight surfactant concentrate; said surfactant concentrate comprising specific non-ionic surfactants and anionic surfactants.
The present inventors have found that specific surfactants when mixed in defined amounts provides good clean feel without the requirement of rinsing or requires minimal cleansing. The specific surfactants and their amounts are as set below in Table 1.
Table 1
Type of surfactant Ingredients % w/w range
Class I Decyl Glucoside, alkyl glucoside or alkyl poly glucosides 5-25
Class II Sodium Cocoyl Apple amino acids surfactants, Sodium lauryl sarcosinate, acyl isethionates, Sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium isethionate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, Sodium lauroyl methyl isethionate, sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, and the series, sodium alkyl sulfate, alkyl sulfates, anionic acyl sarcosinates, methyl acyl taurates, N-acyl glutamates, acyl isethionates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl phosphate esters, ethoxylated alkyl phosphate esters, trideceth sulfates, protein condensates, mixtures of ethoxylated alkyl sulfates 5-30
Class III PEG-8-Caprylic Capric triglycerides, Polyethylene glycol propylene glycol cocoates, PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil , PEG modified triglycerides, PEG -40 Sorbitan Perisostearate, PEG 40 Stearate, PEG 80 Glyceryl Cocoate, PEG 120 Methyl Glucose Dioleate, PEG 150 Distearate, PEG 200 Hydrogenated Glyceryl Palmate, PEG 7 Glyceryl Cocoate 5-60
Class IV Polysorbate 20, sorbitan monolaurate, Polysorbate 40, Polysorbate 60, Polysorbate 80. 10-50

According to the present invention when the above specific surfactant concentrate is used, the amount of surfactant in the cleansing composition can be minimized so as to derive equilibrium between achieving a clean feel and rinse less cleansing. Therefore the present invention provides a solution wherein the amount of surfactant is minimized to 0.2%. The present invention thus provides a unique solution to the long felt of being able to wash substrates (hair or skin) with the minimum requirement of surfactants and without water.
The present composition is alcohol free, provides water free cleaning, non-drying, mild, fast cleansing, quick action, and is suitable for all weather condition. Preferably the present composition is in the form of a wipe off cleanser used by wetting a substrate with the cleansing composition and using the wetted substrate for cleansing the required surface. Substrate can be cotton, tissue paper, cloth, polycot, soft tissue, non woven substrates, sponge and the like.
The composition of the present invention can be formulated into various personal care product forms such as face wash, face wipes, body wipes, hand cleansers, body cleansers, body wash, shower gel mild facial cleanser, hair spray/mist, make up remover, facial cleansing gel, facial wipes, under eye treatment, wipes, acne treatment, anti-ageing, and other cleansing systems.
The composition according to the present invention may further comprise solubilizers. Solubilizer according to the present invention can be chosen from PEG 75 lanolin, Octoxynol-11, PEG-7 Olivate, PEG/PPG 18/18 dimethicone, PEG-3 dimethicone, PEG 12 dimethicone, PEG 10 dimethicone, Lauryl PEG-9 Polydimethylsiloxyethyl dimethicone, PEG 60 hydrogenated castor oil, oleth-5, C12-15 Alkyl Benzoate, Dibutyl Adipate, Dicaprylyl Carbonate, Propylheptyl Caprylate, Capramide DEA, Potassium Caprylate, Potassium Caprylate/caprate, Arlatone 975, Oleth-2 and Isoceteth-20.
The composition of the present invention may also comprise conventional cosmetically acceptable excipients. Such excipients includes, but not limited to, plasticizers, polymers, surfactants, binders, emollient, preservatives, color, fragrance, emotives, pH Regulator, water, secondary emulsifier, active ingredients, pigments, electrolytes (salts), humectants, structurants and combinations thereof.
The plasticizer in accordance with the present invention is selected from group comprising triglycerides; fatty acids, their esters and their alkanolamies, such as glyceryl monostearate, stearic acid, palmitic acid, lauric acid, myristic and combinations thereof. Typically plasticizers are present in amounts 1 to 5 % by weight, preferably 2 to 4 % by weight of the total formulation.
According to the present invention polymers are silicone polymers; water soluble polymers such as polyurethanes, polyacrylates, polyalkylene glycol with molecular weight between 200 and 20,000, preferably between 400 and 10,000 such as PEG 200, PEG 400, PEG600, PEG 1500, PEG 4000, PEG 6000, PEG 8000 and the like; anionic, zwitterionic, amphoteric and nonionic polymers that can be used are, for example, vinylacetate/crotonic acid-copolymers, vinylpyrrolidone/vinylacrylate-copolymers, vinylacetate/butylmaleate/ isobornylacrylate-copolymers, methylvinylether/maleic acid anhydride-copolymers and their esters, which are not cross-linked and with polyoles linked polyacrylacids which are cross-linked, acrylamidopropyltrimethylammonium chloride/ acrylate-copolymers, octylacrylamide/ methylmethacrylate/tert.butylaminoethylmethacrylate/2-hydroxypropylmethacrylate-copolymers, polyvinylpyrrolidone, vinylpyrrolidone/vinylacetate-copolymers, vinylpyrrolidone/ dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate/vinyl caprolactam-terpolymers as well as optionally derivatized cellulose ethers and silicones. Typically polymers are present in amounts 2 to 7 % by weight, preferably 3 to 6 % by weight of the total formulation.
Apart from the essential surfactants disclosed in Table 1, the cleansing composition of the present invention may comprise other surfactants which may be selected from a group consisting of anionic surfactants, amphoteric surfactants, nonionic surfactants, and any combinations thereof. As it is well known in the art that surfactant materials can also be an emulsifier, the term “surfactant” does not exclude materials which also have emulsification properties. Surfactants can be present in amounts of 0.2 -10% by weight in the final product. Amphoteric and cationic surfactants are optional surfactants.
The anionic surfactants that may be used in the present invention include but are not limited to acyl isethionates, Sodium cocoyl isethionate, sodium isethionate, sodium lauroyl isethionate, Sodium lauroyl methyl isethionate, sodium methyl cocoyl taurate, and the series, sodium alkyl sulfate, alkyl sulfates, anionic acyl sarcosinates, methyl acyl taurates, N-acyl glutamates, acyl isethionates, alkyl ether sulfates, alkyl sulfosuccinates, alkyl phosphate esters, ethoxylated alkyl phosphate esters, trideceth sulfates, protein condensates, mixtures of ethoxylated alkyl sulfates sodium Cocoyl Apple amino acids surfactants, Sodium lauryl sarcosinate and the like. Alkyl chains for these surfactants are C8-22, preferably C10-18 and, more preferably, C12-14 alkyls.
The nonionic surfactants useful in this invention can be broadly defined as compounds produced by the condensation of alkylene oxide groups (hydrophilic in nature) with an organic hydrophobic compound, which may be aliphatic or alkyl aromatic in nature. Non-limiting examples of preferred nonionic surfactants for use herein are those selected form the group consisting of PEG-8-Caprylic Capric triglycerides, Polysorbate 20, sorbitan monolaurate, Polyethylene glycol propylene glycol cocoates, PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil, glucose amides, decyl glucoside, alkyl glucoside, alkyl polyglucosides, sucrose cocoate, sucrose laurate, alkanolamides, ethoxylated alcohols, PEG modified triglycerides, PEG -40 Sorbitan Perisostearate, PEG 40 Stearate, PEG 80 Glyceryl Cocoate, PEG 120 Methyl Glucose Dioleate, PEG 150 Distearate, PEG 200 Hydrogenated Glyceryl Palmate, PEG 7 Glyceryl Cocoate, Polysorbate 40, Polysorbate 60, Polysorbate 80 and mixtures thereof. In a preferred embodiment the nonionic surfactant is selected from the group consisting of glyceryl monohydroxystearate, isosteareth-2, trideceth-3, hydroxystearic acid, propylene glycol stearate, PEG-2 stearate, sorbitan monostearate, glyceryl laurate, laureth-2, cocamide monoethanolamine, lauramide monoethanolamine, decyl glucoside and mixtures thereof. The composition of the present invention may also comprise one or more sugar based surfactants selected from but not limited to condensation products of long chain alcohols with sugar or starch polymers (e.g. decyl polyglucoside and lauryl polyglucoside), amides (e.g. cocoamide diethanolamine and cocoamide monoethanolamine), alkylene oxide derived surfactants (e.g. ceteth-6, ceteareth6, steareth-6, PEG-12 stearate, and PEG-200 glyceryl tallowate), Maltooligosyl Glucoside/Hydrogenated Starch Hydrolysate and mixtures thereof.
The composition of the present invention can optionally comprise of amphoteric surfactants. The amphoteric surfactants which can be used in the compositions of the present invention are those which can be broadly described as derivatives of aliphatic secondary and tertiary amines in which the aliphatic radical can be straight chain or branched and wherein one of the aliphatic substituents contains from about 8 to about 18 carbon atoms and one contains an anionic water solubilizing group, e.g., carboxy, sulfonate, sulfate, phosphate, or phosphonate. Examples of compounds falling within this definition are CDMA, sodium 3-dodecylaminopropionate, sodium 3-dodecylaminopropane sulfonate. Other amphoterics such as betaines are also useful in the present composition. Examples of betaines useful herein include the high alkyl betaines such as coco dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, lauryl dimethyl carboxy-methyl betaine, lauryl dimethyl alpha-carboxyethyl betaine, cetyl dimethyl carboxymethyl betaine, lauryl bis-(2-hydroxyethyl)carboxy methyl betaine, stearyl bis-(2-hydroxypropyl)carboxymethyl betaine, oleyl dimethyl gamma-carboxypropyl betaine, lauryl bis-(2-hydro-xypropyl)alpha-carboxyet-hyl betaine, etc. The sulfobetaines may be represented by coco dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine, stearyl dimethyl sulfopropyl betaine, amido betaines, amidosulfobetaines, and the like.
The composition of the present invention can optionally comprise of cationic surfactants. Cationic surfactants that may be added to the current invention include but are not limited to aliphatic amine or its 4 quaternary ammonium salts, fatty acid amine salt, acylcarboxylic Phenylguanidine derivatives, mono-N-long chain lower alkyl amino acid or basic amino antitackiness, benzalkonium salt alkyl, oxoimidazolinium salt or the like are used. These, can be used in a single kind of 1, 2 or more can be used together. Among these, dimethyl amino propyl amide stearic acid, quaternary ammonium salt is preferably 4 of an aliphatic amine, an aliphatic amine of carbon number 18-22 quaternary ammonium salt is preferably 4, when bubbling, foaming, defoaming, after drying the hair of a spread, and after drying of the bulk of the skin-stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride from point, further preferably behenyltrimethylammonium chloride, stearyl trimethyl ammonium chloride is especially preferred.
Binders according to the present invention includes high molecular weight PEGs like PEG6000, PEG 8000, poly acrylates, high molecular weight poly-ox, silicates, fatty alcohols, lanolin, sugars, tallow alcohol ethoxylates, and mixtures thereof. Other plastic binders are identified in the published literature, such as J. Amer. Oil Chem. Soc. 1982, 59, 442. Binders can be present in amounts 0.2 to 4 % by weight in the final product.
Emollients are substance which soften or improve the elasticity, appearance, and youthfulness of the skin (stratum corneum) by increasing its water content, and keeps it soft by retarding the decrease of its water content. Emollients that may be used in the present invention include but are not limited to silicone oils and modifications thereof such as linear and cyclic polydimethylsiloxanes; polyols such as glycerol, sorbitol; amino, alkyl, alkylaryl, and aryl silicone oils; fats and oils including natural fats and oils such as jojoba, soybean, sunflower, rice bran, avocado, almond, olive, sesame, persic, castor, coconut, mink oils; cacao fat; beef tallow, lard; hardened oils obtained by hydrogenating the aforementioned oils; and synthetic mono, di and triglycerides such as myristic acid glyceride and 2-ethylhexanoic acid glyceride; waxes such as carnauba, spermaceti, beeswax, lanolin, and derivatives thereof; hydrophobic plant extracts; hydrocarbons such as liquid paraffin, petrolatum, microcrystalline wax, ceresin, squalene, pristan and mineral oil; higher fatty acids such as lauric, myristic, palmitic, stearic, behenic, oleic, linoleic, linolenic, lanolic, isostearic, arachidonic and poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFA); higher alcohols such as lauryl, cetyl, stearyl, oleyl, behenyl, cholesterol and 2-hexydecanol alcohol; esters such as cetyl octanoate, myristyl lactate, cetyl lactate, isopropyl myristate, myristyl myristate, isopropyl palmitate, isopropyl adipate, butyl stearate, decyl oleate, cholesterol isostearate, glycerol monostearate, glycerol distearate, glycerol tristearate, alkyl lactate, alkyl citrate and alkyl tartrate; essential oils and extracts thereof such as mentha, jasmine, camphor, white cedar, bitter orange peel, ryu, turpentine, cinnamon, bergamot, citrus unshiu, calamus, pine, lavender, bay, clove, hiba, eucalyptus, lemon, starflower, thyme, peppermint, rose, sage, sesame, ginger, basil, juniper, lemon grass, rosemary, rosewood, avocado, grape, grapeseed, myrrh, cucumber, watercress, calendula, elder flower, geranium, linden blossom, amaranth, seaweed, ginko, ginseng, carrot, guarana, tea tree, jojoba, comfrey, oatmeal, cocoa, neroli, vanilla, green tea, penny royal, aloe vera, menthol, cineole, eugenol, citral, citronelle, borneol, linalool, geraniol, evening primrose, camphor, thymol, spirantol, penene, limonene and terpenoid oils; and mixtures of any of the foregoing components, and the like. Advantageously emollients may be used from about 0.5 to about 3 % by weight in the final product.
Preservatives according to the present invention include BHT, EDTA, phenoxy ethanol. Preservatives can be present in amounts 0.01 to 0.2 % by weight in the final product.
pH regulator according to the present invention includes citric acid, lactic acid, oxalic acid, acetic acid etc. pH regulator can be present in amounts 0.5 to 5 % by weight in the final product.
Further the composition of the present invention can comprise 0.1 to 6 % by weight of water-soluble actives, 0.5 to 1.5 % by weight of fragrance, 0.005 to 0.5 % by weight of emotives.
Secondary emulsifiers that may be added to compositions of the present invention can be of the W/O type or O/W type. The addition of an emulsifier allows the incorporation of hydrophilic components or agents into the wax phase. Preferred are non-ionic emulsifiers which typically have good skin compatibility. Non-ionic emulsifiers of the present invention may be selected from group comprising addition products of 2 to 50 moles of ethylene oxide and/or 0 to 20 moles propylene oxide to linear fatty alcohols having 8 to 40 C-atoms, to fatty acids with 12 to 40 C-atoms and to alkylphenols with 8 to 15 C-atoms in the alkyl rest; C12-18-fatty acid mono- and -diesters of addition products of 1 to 50 moles of ethylene oxide and glycerine; glycerine mono- and -diesters and sorbitan mono- and -diesters of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids with 6 to 22 C-atoms and their ethylene oxide addition products; alkyl mono- and -oligoglycosides with 8 to 22 C-atoms in the alkyl rest and their ethoxylated analogs; addition products of 7 to 60 moles of ethylene oxide to castor oil and/or hardened castor oil; Polyol- and in particular polyglycerine esters, such as e.g. polyol poly-12-hydroxystearate, polyglycerine polyricinoleate, polyglycerine diisostearate or polyglycerine dimerate. Also applicable are mixtures of compounds of several of these substance classes; addition products of 2 to 15 moles of ethylene oxide to castor oil and/or hardened castor oil; partial esters derived from linear, branch chained, unsaturated or saturated C6-C22-fatty acids, ricinoleic acid as well as 12-hydroxystearic acid and glycerine, polyglycerine, pentaerythrite, dipentaerythrit, sugar alcohols (e.g. sorbitol), alkylglucosides (e.g. methylglucoside, butylglucoside, laurylglucoside), as well as polyglucosides (e.g. cellulose), or mixed esters such as e.g. glyceryl stearate/citrate and glyceryl stearate/lactate;Wool wax alcohols; polysiloxane-polyalkyl-polyether-copolymers and derivatives thereof; Mixed esters from pentaerythrite, fatty acids, citric acid and fatty alcohols and/or mixed esters of fatty acids with 6 to 22 C-atoms with methylglucose and polyoles, respectively glycerine or polyglycerine; Polyalkylene glycols. Emulsifiers can be present in amounts 0.5 to 5% by weight in the final product.
The pigment in accordance with the present invention is selected from group comprising but not limited to particles: white or coloured; mineral or organic, insoluble in the medium, intended to colour and/or opacify the composition. They can be white or coloured, mineral and/or organic, of usual or nanometric size. Non limiting examples of mineral pigments and nanopigments are dioxides of titanium, zirconium or cerium, as well as zinc oxides, of iron or chromium, the nanotitanes (titanium dioxide nanopigments), the nanozincs (zinc oxide nanopigments), ferric blue. Non limiting examples of organic pigments are carbon black, and the lacquers like salts of calcium, barium, aluminium or zirconium, acid dyes such as the halogéno-acid, azo or anthraquinonic dyes.
The electrolyte in accordance with the present invention is selected from group comprising sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, sodium lactate, sodium glycolate, sodium citrate, potassium chloride, potassium sulfate, magnesium chloride, calcium chloride and combinations thereof. Electrolyte can be present in amounts 0.5 to 3 % by weight in the final product.
The humectant in accordance with the present invention is selected from group comprising polyhydric alcohols, water soluble alkoxylated nonionic polymers, and mixtures thereof such as glycerin, sorbitol, propylene glycol, butylene glycol, hexylene glycol, ethoxylated glucose, 1, 2-hexane diol, hexanetriol, dipropylene glycol, erythritol, trehalose, diglycerin, xylitol, maltitol, maltose, glucose, fructose, sodium chondroitin sultate, sodium hyaluronate, sodium adenosin phosphate, sodium lactate, pyrrolidone carbonate, glucosamine, cyclodextrin, and mixtures thereof. The humectants herein are preferably used at levels by weight of the composition of from about 0.1 to 5 % by weight, preferably 1 to 4 %.
The structurant in accordance with the present invention is selected from group comprising biopolymers such as starch, modified starch, guar gum, tamarind kernel polysaccharide or psyllium husk; inorganics particles such as talc, calcite, clays, alumino silicate, calcium silicate, calcium alumino silicate, boro silicate, boro alumino silicate, alumina, sodium phosphate, alumino phospho silicate or silica and combinations thereof. The structurant is present in 0.1 to 5 % by weight, preferably 2 to 4 % by weight of the composition.
The composition of the present invention may be prepared by the following process:
1. weighing the surfactants in accordance with the present invention in a container and mixing well with gentle stirring (at 10-60°C), most preferably at 20-40°C;
2. adding water to the surfactant mixture obtained in step 1 and mixing well with gentle stirring at (10 – 60°C) most preferably 20-40°C;
3. adding actives and mixing well with gentle stirring.
The surfactant system of the present invention can incorporate active ingredients to deliver benefit agents to skin. Active ingredients according to the present invention include lipophilic or hydrophilic active ingredients. As used herein an 'active ingredient' is meant to comprise a compound that has a cosmetic or therapeutic effect on the skin, hair, or nails, e.g., lightening agents, darkening agents such as self-tanning agents, anti-acne agents, shine control agents, anti-microbial agents, anti-inflammatory agents, anti-aging agents, in particular anti-wrinkle agents, anti-mycotic agents, anti-parasite agents, external analgesics, sunscreens, photoprotectors, antioxidants, keratolytic agents, detergents/surfactants, moisturizers, nutrients, vitamins, energy enhancers, anti-perspiration agents, astringents, deodorants, hair removers, firming agents, anti-callous agents, and agents for hair, nail, and/or skin conditioning.
Examples of active ingredients are hydroxy acids, benzoyl peroxide, sulfur resorcinol, ascorbic acid, D-panthenol, hydroquinone, octyl methoxycinnimate, titanium dioxide, octyl salicylate, homosalate, avobenzone, polyphenolics, carotenoids, free radical scavengers, spin traps, retinoids such as retinol and retinyl palmitate, ceramides, polyunsaturated fatty acids, essential fatty acids, enzymes, enzyme inhibitors, minerals, hormones such as estrogens, steroids such as hydrocortisone, 2-dimethylaminoethanol, copper salts such as copper chloride, peptides containing copper such as Cu:Gly-His-Lys, coenzyme Q10, peptides such as those disclosed in WO-00/15188, lipoic acid, amino acids such a proline and tyrosine, vitamins, lactobionic acid, acetyl-coenzyme A, niacin, riboflavin, thiamin, ribose, electron transporters such as NADH and FADH2, and other botanical extracts such as aloe vera and soy, and derivatives and mixtures thereof. The cosmetically active agent will typically be present in the formulation of the invention in an amount of from about 0.001 % to about 5% by weight of the formulation, e.g., about 0.01% to about 5% such as about 0.1% to about 5%.
Examples of vitamins include, but are not limited to, vitamin A, vitamin Bs such as vitamin B3, vitamin B5, and vitamin B12, vitamin C, vitamin K, and vitamin E and derivatives thereof.
According to one of the embodiment of the present invention, the oil soluble actives may be included in the present composition by a process which comprises the steps of :
1. weighing the surfactants in accordance with the present invention in a container and mixing well with gentle stirring (at 10-60°C), most preferably at 20-40°C;
2. adding oil soluble active in the surfactant mixture obtained in step 1 and mixing well under gentle stirring;
3. adding one fourth of the total water and stirring well gently until a clear solution is obtained;
4. adding rest of the water to make up the volume and stirring gently for homogeneous mixing to obtain the composition of the present invention.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, the water soluble actives may be included in the present composition by a process which comprises the steps of :
1. weighing the surfactants in accordance with the present invention in a container and mixing well with gentle stirring (at 10-60°C), most preferably at 20-40°C;
2. adding water to make up the volume and stirring gently for homogeneous mixing;
3. adding water soluble active/s and mixing well under gentle stirring until a homogeneous mixture composition of the present invention is obtained.
The typical composition in accordance to the present invention is shown in Table 2.
Table 2
S.NO Ingredients %
1 Sorbitan monolaurate 0.02-5.0*
2 Decyl glucoside 0.01-2.5*
3 Sodium lauryl sarcosinate 0.01-3.0*
4 Polyethylene glycol propylene glycol cocoates 0.01-3.0*
5 PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil, 0.04-6.0*
6 Glycerol 0.1 – 10
7 Sorbitol 0.1 – 10
7 Preservative 0.2-0.6
9 Water Qs to 100

*Total surfactant concentration in the formulation being 0.2 to 10% w/w
Typically the composition of the present invention can be prepared by the following steps:
1. weighing surfactants (Sorbitan monolaurate, Decyl glucoside, Sodium lauryl sarcosinate, Polyethylene glycol propylene glycol cocoates, PEG-40-Castor oil) in a container and mixing well with gentle stirring (at 10-60°C), most preferably at 20-40°C;
2. adding oil soluble active in the surfactant mixture obtained in step 1 and mixing well under gentle stirring;
3. adding one fourth of the total water and stirring well gently until a clear solution is obtained;
4. adding rest of the water to make up the volume and stirred gently for to obtain the homogeneous composition of the present invention.

The present invention is now illustrated by means of non limiting examples.

Example 1:
A skin cleansing composition with components as mentioned in Table 3 was being prepared.
Table 3
S.NO Ingredients % w/w
1 Decyl Glucoside 1
2 Sodium Cocoyl Apple amino acids surfactants 0.5
3 PEG-8-Caprylic Capric triglycerides 1
4 Polysorbate 20 0.5
5 PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil 1
6 Sodium Hyaluronate 0.5
7 D-Panthenol 0.5
8 Peptides 1
9 Glycerin 3
10 Sorbitol 2
11 Water Qs to 100

Process for preparation of the composition of Table 3:
1) 1 gm of Decyl Glucoside, 0.5 gm of Sodium Cocoyl Apple amino acids surfactants, 1 gm of PEG-8-Caprylic Capric triglycerides, 0.5 gm of Polysorbate 20 and 1 gm of PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil are weighed in a container and mixed well with gentle stirring (at 10-60°C), most preferably at 20-40°C.
2) 0.5 gm of Sodium Hyaluronate, 0.5 gm of D-Panthenol, 1 gm of peptides, 3 gm of glycerine and 2 gm of sorbitol were weighed and the mixture was added to the mixture obtained in step 1 and mixed well under gentle stirring.
3) Water is then added to make up the volume and the mixture is stirred gently for homogeneous mixing.

Example 2:
A skin cleansing composition with components as mentioned in Table 4 was being prepared.
Table 4
S.NO Ingredients % w/w
1 Decyl Glucoside 1
2 Sodium Cocoyl Apple amino acids surfactants 0.5
3 PEG-8-Caprylic Capric triglycerides 1
4 Polysorbate 20 0.5
5 PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil 1
6 Vitamin E 0.2
7 Vitamin C 0.2
8 Sodium Hyaluronate 0.5
9 D-Panthenol 0.5
10 Glycerin 3
11 Sorbitol 2
12 Water Qs to 100

Process for preparation of the composition of Table 4:
1) 1 gm of Decyl Glucoside, 0.5 gm of Sodium Cocoyl Apple amino acids surfactants, 1 gm of PEG-8-Caprylic Capric triglycerides, 0.5 gm of Polysorbate 20 and 1 gm of PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil are taken in a container and mixed well with gentle stirring (at 10-60°C), most preferably at 20-40°C.
2) 0.2 gm of vitamin E, 0.2 gm of vitamin C, 0.5 gm of Sodium Hyaluronate, 0.5 gm of D-Panthenol, 3 gm of glycerine and 2 gm of sorbitol are weighed and added to the mixture obtained in step 1 and mixed well under gentle stirring.
3) Water is then added to make up the volume and stirred gently for homogeneous mixing.

Example 3
Experiments were performed to show the solubilization of oil-soluble dye from individual surfactant and the surfactant mixture disclosed in the present invention (Table 5).
Table 5
S.NO Ingredients % w/w
1 Decyl Glucoside 0.25
2 Sodium Cocoyl Apple amino acids surfactants 0.25
3 PEG-8-Caprylic Capric triglycerides 0.25
4 Polysorbate 20 0.25
5 PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil 0.25
6 Cos Oil Yellow (Dye) 0.25
7 Water Qs to 100

The dye was shaken with individual surfactant and surfactant system mentioned above and the amount of dye solubilized was measured from the absorption measurement at 413nm. The results of absorbance are depicted in Figure 1. Figure 1 shows that individually the surfactants have less absorbance value for the dye whereas the cleansing system of the present invention (which is a mixture of these surfactants) has a high absorbance value which shows that although the individual surfactants solubilize less amount active (oil soluble dye in this case), the cleansing system has a significantly higher solubilizing property.

Example 4
Experiments were performed to show the criticality of the combination of the surfactants in the surfactant mixture of the present invention.

Samples A to H have been prepared using components and their amounts as mentioned in Tables 6 and 7.
Table 6
(Surfactant mixture working Examples)
Ingredients A (% w/w) B (% w/w) C (% w/w) D (% w/w)
Decyl Glucoside 10 10 10 8
Sodium Cocoyl Apple amino acids surfactants 25 10 10 8
PEG-8-Caprylic Capric triglycerides 25 20 10 10
Polysorbate 20 15 25 20 30
PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil 25 35 50 44

Table 7
(Surfactant mixture Non-working Examples)
Ingredients E (% w/w) F (% w/w) G (% w/w) H (% w/w)
Decyl Glucoside 30 20 3 3
Sodium Cocoyl Apple amino acids surfactants 30 35 3 3
PEG-8-Caprylic Capric triglycerides 30 35 3 3
Polysorbate 20 5 5 50 32
PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil 5 5 41 59
Observation Desired cleansing not achieved Desired cleansing not achieved Desired cleansing not achieved Desired cleansing not achieved

Process for preparing the above formulations A to H
Step 1: Surfactants as mentioned in column A in the specified weight percentage is taken in a container.
Step 2: the surfactant mixture of step 1 are mixed together.
Step 3: weighed amount of water is added to the surfactant mix of step 2 to make a surfactant solution such that the final concentration of total surfactant in the solution varies from 0.2 – 10 %.
The above process was followed with surfactants of column B – H to obtain respective surfactant solutions.
Step 4: 0.2 gm of vitamin E, 0.2 gm of vitamin C, 0.5 gm of Sodium Hyaluronate, 0.5 gm of D-Panthenol, 3 gm of glycerine and 2 gm of sorbitol was weighed and added to the solution obtained in step 3 and mixed well under gentle stirring.
Step 5: Water is then added to make up the volume to 10 wt% and stirred gently for homogeneous mixing.

Observation:
It is noted that cleansing formulations made from surfactant solutions, made by mixing ingredients in desired weight percentage as stated in Table 6 (column A, B, C and D), provide cleansing solutions of the present invention. It is also noted that desired cleansing is not achieved from cleansing formulations as are made from surfactant solutions of Table 7 (columns E, F, G and H).

Example 5
Experiments were performed to show the delivery effectiveness of oil-soluble actives through the cleansing system of the present invention with respect to the baseline.

The active ingredient selected for this experiment was oil-soluble active ingredient, Vitamin E. 0.7 % by weight of vitamin E was incorporated in aqueous alcohol free cleansing system (CS) of the preset invention with composition and process for preparing the same is as described in example 2. The penetration (antioxidant activity) of vitamin E from (CS + Vitamin E) was compared with respect to placebo and baseline. Both CS with vitamin E and placebo were applied on separate places of skin and washed with water to remove superficial vitamin E and strips were taken out for four skin layers (L1, L2, L3 & L4) from each part and were analyzed for antioxidant activity using DPPH assay.
The results are depicted in Figure 2. The data obtained clearly depicts that aqueous alcohol free cleansing system (CS) provides enhanced delivery of active to the skin.

Example 6
Experiment demonstrating the wash off effect of the composition of the present invention to that of CN102113970
Two formulations were prepared as below :
1. Formulation in accordance with the present invention (Product A) (Table 8)
Table 8
S.No. Ingredient Wt%
1 Glycerine 3
2 Sorbitol 2
3 Peptide 0.01
4 Sodium hyaluronate 0.1
5 d-Panthenol 0.5
6 Apple amino acid surfactant 0.25
7 Polysorbate 20 0.5
8 Decyl glucoside 1
9 PEG 8 caprylic capric glyceride 0.5
10 PEG 40 Hydrogenated castor oil 1.25
11 Vitamin E acetate 0.1
12 Allantoin 0.05
13 DMDM hydantoin 0.1
14 Fragrance 0.3
15 Water Qs to 100

Process:
1) 1 gm of Decyl Glucoside, 0.25 gm of Apple amino acids surfactants, 0.5 gm of PEG-8-Caprylic Capric triglycerides, 0.5 gm of Polysorbate 20 and 1.25 gm of PEG-40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil are weighed in a container and mixed well with gentle stirring (at 10-60°C), most preferably at 20-40°C.
2) 0.1 gm of Sodium Hyaluronate, 0.5 gm of D-Panthenol, 0.01 gm of peptides, 3 gm of glycerine, 2 gm of sorbitol, 0.1 gm of Vitamine E acetate, 0.05 gm of allantoin and 0.1 gm of DMDM hydantoin were weighed and the mixture was added to the mixture obtained in step 1 and mixed well under gentle stirring.
3) Water is then added to make up the volume and the mixture is stirred gently for homogeneous mixing.

2. Cleansing formulation of CN102113970 (Product B) (Table 9)
Table 9
S.No. Ingredient Wt%
1 SLES 2EO 14
2 CAPB 3
3 Glycerine 3
4 Propylene glycol 3
5 Polystyrene sulfonic acid 0.1
6 Sodium chloride 0.2
7 TEA Qs
8 D-Panthenol 0.5
9 DMDM hydantoin 0.1
10. Xanthan gum 1
11 Acrylate copolymer (30%) 5
12 PEG 400 0.2
13 Perfume 0.5
14 Water Qs to 100

Process:
1) 69.4 gm of water is taken in a container.
2) 14 gm of SLES 2EO is added to the above mixture with gentle stirring.
3) 3 gm of CAPB is added to the above mixture with gentle stirring.
4) 3 gm of glycerine, 3 gm of propylene glycol and 0.5 gm of D-panthenol is added to the above mixture with gentle stirring.
5) 0.1 gm of Polystyrene sulfonic acid is added to the above mixture with gentle stirring.
6) 1 gm of Xanthan gum is dispersed in 0.2 gm of PEG 400 and added to the above mixture with gentle stirring.
7) 0.1 gm of DMDM hydrantoin is added to the above mixture with gentle stirring.
8) 5 gm of acrylate copolymer (30%) is added to the above mixture with gentle stirring.
9) 0.5 gm of perfume is added to the above mixture with gentle stirring.
10) qs of TEA is added to the above mixture with gentle stirring.
11) 0.2 gm of sodium chloride is added to the above mixture with gentle stirring to adjust the viscosity of the mixture to 7000 to 12000 cps.
Both products were tested on 15 human volunteers. Each volunteer was given 100µl of products on their hand (e.g. Product A in right hand and product B in left hand and vice-versa). Each volunteer had applied the composition uniformly and then wiped with a cloth or cotton or soft tissues
The evaluators were asked to give their opinion with respect to the following questions in "YES" and "NO".
After application of product but before rinsing
1. Do you have clean feel?
2. Do you need to wash off?
The results are depicted in Table 10 and Figure 3

Table 10

Table 10 and Figure 3 illustrate the superiority of the product of the present invention. It shows that the composition of the present invention does not require post application rinsing.

Example 7
Different compositions were prepared having composition mentioned below in Tables 11A, 11B and 11C. The compositions have been prepared in accordance with the process mentioned in Example 2. The compositions were tested on human volunteers. Each volunteer was given 100µl of products on their hand. Each volunteer had applied the composition uniformly and then wiped with a cloth or cotton or soft tissue.
The evaluators were asked to give their opinion with respect to the following questions in "YES" and "NO".
After application of product but before rinsing
1. Do you have clean feel?
2. Do you need to wash off?
Table 11A
S.No. Ingredient Wt%
1 Surfactant Mixture (Decyl glucoside, tween 20, PEG 40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil and PEG 8 caprylic capric glyceride) 0.05-0.1
2 Water 93.35-94.4
3 Glycerine 3
4 Sorbitol 2
5 Allantoin 0.05
6 DMDM hydantoin 0.1
7 Sodium hyaluronate 0.1
8 Fragrance 0.3

Inference: Cleansing was not achieved

Table 11B
S.No. Ingredient Wt%
1 Surfactant Mixture (Decyl glucoside, tween 20, PEG 40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil and PEG 8 caprylic capric glyceride) 12-14
2 Water 80.45-82.45
3 Glycerine 3
4 Sorbitol 2
5 Allantoin 0.05
6 DMDM hydantoin 0.1
7 Sodium hyaluronate 0.1
8 Fragrance 0.3
Inference: Rinsing not achieved

Table 11C
S.No. Ingredient Wt%
1 Surfactant Mixture (Decyl glucoside, tween 20, PEG 40 Hydrogenated Castor Oil and PEG 8 caprylic capric glyceride) 0.2 - 10
2 Water 84.45-94.25
3 Glycerine 3
4 Sorbitol 2
5 Allantoin 0.05
6 DMDM hydantoin 0.1
7 Sodium hyaluronate 0.1
8 Fragrance 0.3
Inference: Cleansing and rinsing achieved.

When the surfactant amount is more than 10% rinsing is required (panelist feel that they need water rinsing on the area where product is applied) and when the amount of surfactant amount is less than 0.2% clean feel (or actual cleaning in terms of removal of dirt or oil) is not achieved.