Claims:WE CLAIM
1. An Arced Gas Disposal System for Gas Circuit Breakers comprising of a socket [01] held on a socket support [02], wherein the socket [01] is covered by an insulating shroud [03], wherein a nozzle [05] is fixed to dynamic current carrying (CC) contact [04] and to the socket contact assembly including the socket [01], insulating shroud [03] and current carrying contact [04];
in interrupter fully open condition, a pin [06]/second movable contact is surrounded by a dynamic field electrode [07], which is inside static current carrying (CC) contact assembly [08,09] comprising static current carrying (CC) contact [08] and static current carrying contact shield [09], in which In interrupter open condition, the dynamic field electrode [07] projects out from the static current carrying contact shield [09] and the gas gap between dynamic field electrode [07] and dynamic current carrying contact [04] decides the withstand voltage;
the nozzle has two terminals including First terminal integrated to primary moving contact assembly / socket contact assembly [01-04], alternatively, the nozzle is connected to socket contact assembly [01-04] in self locked manner which helps to work against mechanical forces, and the second terminal of the nozzle is coupled to the pin [06] through a mechanical arrangement and an energy storage device, wherein the second terminal of the nozzle [05] is at a fixed potential;
the profile of said nozzle [05] is divided into three zones comprising of Converging zone CZ1 [10], straight zone or throat region SZ1 [11] and multiple diverging zones;
Profile of annular space between nozzle [05] and insulating shroud [03] to achieve highest possible gas flow rate through outlets of gas circuit breaker, wherein the inlet area “A” is equal or more than sum of outlet areas for effective interruption of all magnitudes of current;

in first outlet, the arced gas discharge can mix with main volume [14] through intermediate housing-I [15] from nozzle [05] outlet; wherein
arced gas diverter [15A] along with the intermediate housing-I [15] are provided for discharge of hot gas during current interruption;
the bottom assembly [18-27] of the interrupter comprises of pull tube [18], current collector / piston [19], puffer base [20], bottom support [21] and the insulated operating rod [22], wherein the pull tube [18] is connected to the socket assembly [01-04] and provides a path for disposal of arced gas through the moving contact assembly [01-04];
an arcing insulator [25] and support insulator [23] are connected through an intermediate housing-II [26] which has ports for discharge of hot gas [26A] and mix with main volume [14];
the puffer base [20], intermediate housing-II [26] and current transfer housings [27] are static modules and have static openings for arced gas discharge;
the pull tube [18] is dynamic in nature and its arced gas discharge vent [18A] position gets changed with reference to puffer base [20], intermediate volume-II [26] and current transfer housings [27].

2. The arced gas disposal system as claimed in claim 1, wherein arced gas diverter [15A] guides hot gas to discharge through designed vents of intermediate housing-I [15], wherein the vents are designed that Mach number is much less than one across inter-electrode gap for all arcing times i.e., from minimum to maximum.

3. The arced gas disposal system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the divergence angle of DZ3 [17] zone is about 40 degrees or more, in which the distance to which it occupies depends on difference between time to establish isolation between arcing contacts (Moving contact [01] and movable fixed contact [06]) and maximum arcing time, in which the zone helps to guide arced gas to vent out without spilling out into the region of current carrying contact system [08-09].
4. The arced gas disposal system as claimed in claims 1-3, wherein in closed condition, there is no flow of gas either through the nozzle [05] or bottom assembly [18-27] openings, and during opening operation when the pin [06] moves and is released from the socket [01], a fraction of arced gas is disposed to the main volume [14] through the vents in the pull tube [22].

5. The arced gas disposal system as claimed in claims 1-4, wherein the Piston [19] is connected to puffer base [20] which is connected to bottom support [21], wherein the puffer base [20] is connected to support insulator [23] through bottom support [21] arrangement.

6. The arced gas disposal system as claimed in claims 1-5, wherein a current transfer housing [27] is mounted on intermediate housing-II [26] to extend high voltage connection from gas circuit breaker pole through bottom terminal [24].

7. The arced gas disposal system as claimed in claims 1-6, wherein the pull tube [18] is at the center of puffer volume [16] and surrounded by pressurized gas during opening condition.

8. The arced gas disposal system as claimed in claims 1-7, wherein the openings of pull tube arced gas vent [18A], puffer base gas vent [20A], intermediate housing-II and current transfer housing gas vent [26A, 27A] match during entire arcing period of gas circuit breaker opening operation, in which this alignment does not allow hot gas to enter arcing insulator [25], support insulator [23], compression volume [16] and Insulated Operating rod [22] zone and ensures reliable operation of gas circuit breaker during current interruption.
, Description:Title: AN ARCED GAS DISPOSAL SYSTEM FOR GAS CIRCUIT BREAKERS

FIELD OF INVENTION:
[001] This invention relates to an arced gas disposal system for gas circuit breakers. This improves the gas interrupter performance both in terms of interrupting capacity and dielectric recovery.

BACKGROUND OF INVENTION/PRIOR ART:
[002] Background description includes information that may be useful in understanding the present invention. It is not an admission that any of the information provided herein is prior art or relevant to the presently claimed invention, or that any publication specifically or implicitly referenced is prior art.
[003] When fault current is interrupted by an interrupter, arc is struck between the arcing contacts. The energy content of the arc depends on the current magnitude, length of the arc and similar other parameters. As the temperature of the arc is quite high it decomposes the insulating medium (gas) and materials exposed to arc. Byproducts of the chemical reaction at elevated temperature also accumulate in the vicinity, destabilize insulation and are removed for sustaining the dielectric properties of the inter-electrode gap for subsequent interruptions.
[004] In conventional interrupters one of the two contacts is fixed, during interruption the moving contact is driven by operating mechanism and an arc is struck on contact separation (as shown in Fig.1 (a)). Figure 1(a) shows the following features:
Expansion Volume – 101
Main Contact – 102
Piston – 103
Compression Volume – 104
Insulating Nozzle – 105
Arcing Contact – 106

[005] At current-zero the arc is extinguished naturally exposing the developed inter-electrode gap to system and transient recovery voltages. The gap reignites or the arc is re-struck should the gap fail to withstand these voltages. For mechanical constraints limited inter-electrode gaps only can be generated in conventional interrupters, promoting use of multiple breaks for EHV circuit breakers. Up to 245kV single- break circuit breaker designs are common, beyond this rating two or more breaks are used in series to form a circuit breaker. The multiple breaks require voltage equalizing devices like grading capacitors etc, affecting circuit breaker reliability and cost. For higher fault current magnitudes, it is quite common that the tank associated faults during current interruption.

Prior art of Invention:
[006] In general, to limit the voltage appearing across the contacts during interruption, multiple breaks are preferred. The multiple break system is operated by same drive which requires higher energy for its operation. To overcome this problem, a dual motion contact system has been identified as an alternative solution (as shown in Fig 1.(b)).
[007] However, in all these systems, the second movable contact i.e., other than primary moving contact takes sufficient portion of energy from the operating mechanism. In some of the conventional breakers, such system has relatively high energy requirements and are difficult to operate with low energy mechanisms (ref: US 20080257866A1).
[008] The electrostatic field, between movable and fixed contacts, is non-uniform for various reasons like electrode profile and relative position of contacts. The field intensification adversely affects voltage withstanding capabilities of the gas gap. The availability of hot and conducting gas further complicates the situation preventing successful interruption. In most of the interrupters, the arced gas after leaving the nozzle may spill out into the contact system due to improper channeling and this may lead to thermal failures. Beyond particular instant of time during current interruption, minimum arcing time is decided by the effectiveness with which arcing gas is being removed across inter-electrode gas gap and uniformity of the electrostatic field between arcing contacts. To overcome this problem, creepage length of nozzle is increased by different ways. Nevertheless, performance of the system is limited and none of the interrupters is utilized to full capabilities.
[009] The dielectric strength of inter-electrode gap not only depends on the effective removal of arced gas but also on the density of fresh gas which occupies the arced gas. In conventional interrupters, once gas released from throat to divergence zone, there is a possibility of mach number more than one due to sudden expansion of gas (ref: US Patent No: 5739495). Because of increased Mach number, gas pressure near throat region falls abruptly and sometimes negative. This in turn creates low gas density region which become critical for withstanding transient recovery voltages during current interruption. For successful interruption, the primary design requirements are: sufficient inter-electrode gap; optimal dielectric properties of the gas and field uniformity in inter-electrode gap.
[0010] In order to address some of these requirements, a movable shield approach has been innovated and notified, vide patent application No. 290/KOL/2009. Interrupting capability of the breaker is further improved by means of a novel relative motion of contact system with a charging and toggling mechanical system for pin (second movable contact) vide patent application no. 1391/KOL/2009.
[0011] The discharge path for arcing gas shall be continuous and reflection of hot gas is not acceptable as there is a possibility of voltage breakdown after few milliseconds of transient recovery voltage (TRV) application or current interruption. It is essential to discharge hot / arced gas through the vents effectively and mixed with main gas volume to avoid tank connected breakdowns during current interruption.
[0012] The present invention addresses the aforesaid issues by introducing a novel arced gas disposal system for gas circuit breaker.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION:
[0013] An object of the invention is to provide an arced gas disposal system for gas circuit breakers.
[0014] Another object of the invention is to provide an arced gas disposal system for gas circuit breakers, which obviates short comings of the prior art(s).
[0015] Still another object of the invention is to provide an arced gas disposal system for gas circuit breakers, which serves the purpose effectively.
[0016] Yet another object of the invention is to provide an arced gas disposal system for gas circuit breakers, which improves the gas interrupter performance both in terms of interrupting capacity and dielectric recovery.
[0017] These and other objects and advantages of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art after a consideration of the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which a preferred form of the present invention is illustrated.

SUMMARY OF INVENTION:
[0018] One or more drawbacks of conventional systems and process are overcome, and additional advantages are provided through the apparatus/composition and a method as claimed in the present disclosure. Additional features and advantages are realized through the technicalities of the present disclosure. Other embodiments and aspects of the disclosure are described in detail herein and are considered to be part of the claimed disclosure.
[0019] The main objective of the present invention is to improve the gas interrupter performance both in terms of interrupting capacity and dielectric recovery inventing mainly:
[0020] The concept of variable arced gas discharge rate through two outlets i.e., moving contact assembly [01-04] and through annular gap of nozzle [05] and movable fixed contact / pin [06].
[0021] Arrangement of nozzle [05] and insulating shroud [03] to maintain uniform gas pressure distribution and highest possible gas flow rate.
[0022] Design and arrangement of pull tube [18], puffer base [20], intermediate housing-II [26] and current transfer housing [27] vents [18A, 20A, 26A and 27A] for disposal of arced gas to main volume.
[0023] The puffer base [20], intermediate housing-II [26] and current transfer housing [27] are static modules and have static openings for arced gas discharge. The pull tube [18] is dynamic in nature and arced gas discharge vent [18A] position gets changed with reference to puffer base [20], intermediate volume-II [26] and current transfer housing [27]. These openings of gas discharge vents match during minimum to maximum arcing time duration for all magnitudes of current interruption.
[0024] Design of Hot arced gas disposal system for both outlets of the gas circuit breaker to avoid tank involved flashovers during short circuit current interruptions.
[0025] The technique of variable arced gas discharge rate through two outlets of interrupter during current interruption.
[0026] The technique of variable arced gas discharge rate through annular space of insulated nozzle [05] and movable fixed contact assembly [01-04].
[0027] The concept of variable arced gas discharge rate through moving contact assembly [01-04] due to multiple layers of arced gas discharge vents.
[0028] Concept of nozzle [05] as an integrated system of movable arcing contact / socket contact assembly [01-04] in self locked manner.
[0029] Profile of nozzle [05] and insulating shroud [03] to achieve uniform transient gas pressure distribution through outlets of gas circuit breaker. Profile of annular space between nozzle [05] and insulating shroud [03] to achieve uniform transient gas pressure distribution through outlets of gas circuit breaker.
[0030] Profile of annular space between nozzle [05] and insulating shroud [03] to achieve highest possible gas flow rate through outlets of gas circuit breaker. The inlet area “A” is equal or more than sum of outlet areas for effective interruption of all magnitudes of current. This is maintained for entire arcing period.
[0031] Profile of nozzle converging zone CZ1 [10], throat zone SZ1 [11] and diverging zone DZ3[17] to achieve uniform transient gas pressure distribution through outlets of gas circuit breaker.
[0032] Design of pull tube vent [18A] for hot gas discharge disposal w.r.t. compression volume [16] and puffer base [20] assembly. Proposed arced gas vent system ensures hot gas discharge not to enter compression volume [16] during current interruption.
[0033] The pull tube [18] is dynamic in nature and its arced gas discharge vent [18A] position gets changed with reference to puffer base [20], intermediate volume-II [26] and current transfer housing [27]. These gas discharge vents [20A, 26A, 27A] match during minimum to maximum arcing time duration for all magnitudes of current interruption.
[0034] Alignment of pull tube arced gas vent [18A], puffer base gas vent [20A], intermediate housing-II and current transfer housing gas vent [26A, 27A] regions during entire arcing period of gas circuit breaker opening operation did not allow hot gas to enter arcing insulator [25], support insulator [23], compression volume [16] and Insulated Operating rod [22] zone and ensures reliable operation of gas circuit breaker during current interruption.
[0035] Design of Hot gas disposal system for both outlets of the gas circuit breaker to avoid tank involved flashovers during short circuit current interruptions.
[0036] Various objects, features, aspects, and advantages of the inventive subject matter will become more apparent from the following detailed description of preferred embodiments, along with the accompanying drawing figures in which like numerals represent like components.
[0037] It is to be understood that the aspects and embodiments of the disclosure described above may be used in any combination with each other. Several of the aspects and embodiments may be combined to form a further embodiment of the disclosure.
[0038] The foregoing summary is illustrative only and is not intended to be in any way limiting. In addition to the illustrative aspects, embodiments, and features described above, further aspects, embodiments, and features will become apparent by reference to the drawings and the following detailed description.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS:
[0039] The illustrated embodiments of the subject matter will be best understood by reference to the drawings, wherein like parts are designated by like numerals throughout. The following description is intended only by way of example, and simply illustrates certain selected embodiments of devices, systems, and processes that are consistent with the subject matter as claimed herein, wherein:-
[0040] The invention is described with the help of Figures 1 to 7, where:
[0041] Figure 1: shows Conventional interrupters.
[0042] Figure 2: shows Nozzle and Socket Contact Assembly.
[0043] Figure 3: shows Invented Interrupter with vent for discharge of arced gas through nozzle out let according to the present invention.
[0044] Figure 4: shows Dynamic Pull tube for venting of hot gas discharge w.r.t. Compression volume.
[0045] Figure 5: shows Static Puffer base assembly w.r.t. dynamic pull tube assembly.
[0046] Figure 6: shows Invented interrupter with Discharge channel for arced gas through moving contact assembly in accordance with the present invention.
[0047] Figure 7: shows Invented Interrupter with vent for discharge of arced gas through nozzle out let and Moving contact assembly outlet of the present invention.
[0048] The figures depict embodiments of the disclosure for purposes of illustration only. One skilled in the art will readily recognize from the following description that alternative embodiments of the structures and methods illustrated herein may be employed without departing from the principles of the disclosure described herein.

DETAIL DESCRIPTION OF THE PRESENT INVENTION WITH REFERENCE TO THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS:

[0049] While the embodiments of the disclosure are subject to various modifications and alternative forms, specific embodiment thereof have been shown by way of example in the figures and will be described below. It should be understood, however, that it is not intended to limit the disclosure to the particular forms disclosed, but on the contrary, the disclosure is to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternative falling within the scope of the disclosure.
[0050] The present invention makes a disclosure regarding a technology pertaining to an arced gas disposal system for gas circuit breakers.
[0051] In the present invention, the socket [01], made of a high conductivity and low erosion material is held on a socket support [02]. The socket is covered by an insulating shroud [03] made from low erosion refractory material. The nozzle [05] is fixed to dynamic current carrying (CC) contact [04] and to the socket contact assembly. The socket [01], insulating shroud [03] and current carrying contact [04] are termed as the socket contact assembly. Fig. 2 shows the socket contact assembly.
[0052] In interrupter fully open condition, the pin [06] or second movable contact is surrounded by a dynamic field electrode [07]. The pin is located inside the dynamic field electrode and the arrangement is again inside the static current carrying (CC) contact assembly [08, 09]. The pin [06] is dimensioned such that it promotes uniform electrostatic field between the two arcing contacts. The static current carrying contact assembly comprising static current carrying (CC) contact [08] and static current carrying contact shield [09]. In interrupter open condition, the dynamic field electrode [07] projects out from the static current carrying contact shield [09] and the gas gap between dynamic field electrode [07] and dynamic current carrying contact [04] decides the withstand voltage. Fig. 2 shows the arrangement of pin [06] with reference to static current carrying contact [08, 09] assembly.
[0053] The proposed nozzle design provides good mechanical strength against electro-mechanical forces. Proposed nozzle has two terminals. First terminal is integrated to primary moving contact assembly / socket contact assembly [01-04]. Alternatively, the nozzle is connected to socket contact assembly [01-04] in self locked manner which helps to work against mechanical forces. Fig. 2 shows the nozzle [05] integrated to socket contact assembly [01-04]. The second terminal of the nozzle is coupled to the pin [06] through a mechanical arrangement and an energy storage device. The second terminal of the nozzle [05] is at a fixed potential rather than at floating potential as in the some of the conventional systems. The nozzle [05] design is optimized by considering mechanical, thermal, electrical and flow parameters. The nozzle [05] shall withstand to mechanical forces offered by drive and pressure rise during arcing phenomena. The design is suitable for uniform electrostatic field across nozzle surface and effective mass (pressurized gas) transportation. Total profile of proposed nozzle [05] has been divided into three zones. These zones are defined as Converging zone CZ1 [10], straight zone or throat region SZ1 [11] and multiple diverging zones. Each zone has its significance in the gas flow and decides the performance of circuit breaker during current interruption. CZ1 [10] is a converging zone connects thermal volume [12] and throat region. The distance to which it occupies depends on the profile of the insulating shroud [03] and fault current to be interrupted. The annular space between insulating shroud [03] and nozzle [05] is very critical for uniform gas pressure distribution. The profile of nozzle [05] and insulating shroud [03] are such that there are highest possible gas flow rates across various interrupter volumes. The inlet area “A” is more than sum of outlet areas for all times of arcing period. The opening area is such that the transient gas pressure distribution is uniform in thermal volume [12] as well as in expansion volume [13]. The gas gap between socket [01] and insulating shroud [03] and between insulating shroud [03] and nozzle [05] is such that (a). there should be sufficient gas flow from thermal volume [12] and (b). the electrostatic field across insulator surfaces (insulating shroud [03] and nozzle [05]) shall be uniform.
The gas flow from expansion volume [13] divides into two parts. First part of gas flow is through the annular gap between nozzle [05] and movable fixed contact [06]. The cross sectional area of this annular gap is function of time and is zero till nozzle clogging and start increasing with arcing time beyond that. The second part of gas flow is through moving contact assembly [01-04]. This cross section of moving contact [01] is constant throughout interruption time. However, the gas discharge rate through the second outlet may not be constant as there are four layers of gas discharge vents before it gets mixed with main volume [14]. Precisely, there are multiple layers’ of gas discharge vents. The discharge path is continuous and reflection of hot gas is not acceptable as there is a possibility of voltage breakdown after few milliseconds of TRV application. It is essential to discharge gas through the vents effectively and mixed with main gas volume [14] to avoid tank connected breakdowns during current interruption. In first outlet, the arced gas discharge can mix directly with main volume [14] through intermediate housing-I [15] from nozzle [05] outlet.
[0054] Now reference may be made to Figure 3 showing Invented Interrupter with vent for discharge of arced gas through nozzle [05] outlet. The intermediate Housing-I [15] has appropriate vents to discharge arced gas as shown in Figure 3. Arced gas diverter [15A] along with intermediate housing-I [15] are used for effective discharge of hot gas during current interruption. Arced gas diverter [15A] guides hot gas to discharge through designed vents of intermediate housing-I [15]. The vents are designed such that Mach number should be much less than one across inter-electrode gap for all arcing times i.e., from minimum to maximum. Gas density across inter-electrode gap decides the withstandability of the breaker for transient recovery voltages (TRV). Gas flow rate across arcing channel is sufficient enough to quench the arc around current zero. The gas discharge rate mainly depends on the area of cross section of outlets. The gas discharge rate further depends on the gas flow rate from thermal volume [12] to expansion volume [13] or compression volume [16] to expansion volume [13] in case of puffer circuit breaker. The divergence angle of DZ3 [17] zone is about 40 degrees or more. The distance to which it occupies depends on difference between time to establish isolation between arcing contacts (Moving contact [01] and movable fixed contact [06]) and maximum arcing time. This zone helps to guide arced gas to vent out effectively without spilling out into the region of current carrying contact system [08-09].
[0055] The bottom assembly [18-27] of the interrupter consists of pull tube [18], current collector / piston [19], puffer base [20], bottom support [21] and the insulated operating rod [22]. The pull tube [18] is connected to the socket assembly [01-04] and provides a path for disposal of arced gas through the moving contact assembly [01-04]. In closed condition, there is no flow of gas either through the nozzle [05] or bottom assembly [18-27] openings. During opening operation when the pin [06] moves and is released from the socket [01], a fraction of arced gas is disposed to the main volume [14] through the vents in the pull tube [22]. Piston [19] is connected to puffer base [20] which is further connected to bottom support [21]. The puffer base [20] is connected to support insulator [23] through bottom support [21] arrangement. The arcing insulator [25] and support insulator [23] are connected through an intermediate housing-II [26] which has ports for discharge of hot gas [26A] and mix with main volume [14]. A current transfer housing [27] is kept on intermediate housing-II [26] to extend high voltage connection from gas circuit breaker pole through bottom terminal [24]. The pull tube [18] is at the center of puffer volume [16] and surrounded by pressurized gas during opening condition. Sometimes, if there is a miss location of pull tube vent [18A], the hot gas can go towards compression volume [16] externally and spoil the compression cylinder [16] within few fault current interruptions.
[0056] Referring to Figure 4 indicating the dynamic pull tube for venting of hot gas discharge with respect to compression volume. The pull tube [18] is connected to insulated operating rod [22] which is in turn connected to drive for the operation of gas circuit breaker.
[0057] The invention proposes and claims the design and orientation of the vents which are important in determining the gas flow rate through the bottom assembly [18-27]. To obtain a maximum discharge rate, the opening in pull tube [18A] is aligned with the puffer base openings [20A], and the intermediate housing-II [26] which has peripheral openings for proper gas disposal [26A] into the main volume [14]. Since the pull tube [18] moves inside the bottom assembly, the vents are suitably positioned such that at each instance of arcing time the arced gas flow followed by cold gas is not obstructed, and also the mixing of arced gas with the gas present in puffer volume [16] is prevented.
[0058] Gas vent provision is made on pull tube [18] assembly in such a way that gas can discharge into puffer base [20] assembly only and not into compression volume/ puffer volume [16]. If the vents of pull rod [18] and puffer base [20] do not match, there is a possibility that discharge gas may enter into support insulator [23] assembly through bottom support [21] provided on support insulator [23] to integrate to intermediate housing-II [26]. Further, if gas vent design of puffer base [20] is not proper, the discharged gas may release into support insulator [23] through insulated operating rod [22]. The surface of insulated operating rod [22] and support insulator [23] get spoiled by hot gas and lead to failure of gas circuit breakers.
[0059] Figure 5 shows the static puffer base assembly with respect to dynamic pull tube assembly. This may further lead to failure of circuit breaker during fault current interruption in the form of fault to grounded tank rather than between contacts. The opening through which gas to be vent out from puffer base [20] is sufficiently high so that hot gas does not spill out through annular space between pull rod [22] and puffer base [20].
[0060] The gas vent of puffer base [20A] matches to gas vent of intermediate housing-II [26A] so that gas discharged to puffer base [20] from pull tube [18] effectively mixes to the main volume [14]. If there is a mismatch, hot gas may spill out into the top of intermediate housing-II [26] and enter the arcing insulator [25] and sometimes result in damage of arcing insulator [25] to large extent and life of insulator may be reduced significantly. The current transfer housing [27] has current transfer high voltage connection [24] using self-lock arrangement.
[0061] There is a provision for current transfer from intermediate housing-II [26] to second terminal of gas circuit breaker. The current transfer housing [27] and intermediate housing-II [26] vents [27A, 26A] are matched to discharge arced gas effectively. Novelty of proposed patent is effective disposal of hot gas from arcing zone to the main volume [14] through pull tube [18], puffer base [20], intermediate housing-II [26], current transfer housing [27] without spilling out in between volumes.
[0062] Now, reference may be made to Figure 6 illustrating invented interrupter with discharge channel for arced gas through moving contact assembly. The puffer base [20], intermediate housing-II [26] and current transfer housings [27] are static modules and have static openings for arced gas discharge. The pull tube [18] is dynamic in nature and its arced gas discharge vent [18A] position gets changed with reference to puffer base [20], intermediate volume-II [26] and current transfer housings [27]. These openings of gas discharge vents match during minimum to maximum arcing time duration for effective current interruption. If there is any mismatch during this period, likely chance of arced gas congestion and may lead to tank involved faults. Figure 7 shows Invented Interrupter with multiple layer vents for discharge of arced gas through nozzle outlet and Moving contact assembly outlet.

• Features of the Invention:
1. Design of outlets for discharge of arced gas followed by cold gas.
2. The nozzle profile such that to achieve uniform transient gas pressure distribution through outlets of gas circuit breaker.
3. Profile of annular space between nozzle and insulating shroud to achieve uniform transient gas pressure distribution through outlets of gas circuit breaker.
4. Profile of annular space between nozzle and insulating shroud to achieve highest possible gas flow rate through outlets of gas circuit breaker.
5. Static intermediate housing-I for hot gas discharge as Outlet-I through annular space of nozzle and movable fixed contact.
6. Intermediate housing-I and arced gas diverter at Outlet-I for effective discharge of hot gas during current interruption.
7. Dynamic pull tube vent for hot gas discharge w.r.t. dynamic compression volume.
8. The pull tube, which is dynamic in nature and arced gas discharge vent position gets changed with reference to puffer base, intermediate volume-II and current transfer housing.
9. The gas discharge vents of dynamic pull tube, static puffer base, static intermediate housing-II and static current transfer housing match for entire arcing period for effective current interruption.
10. The gas discharge vents of dynamic pull tube such that there shall not be gas leakage through annular gap between puffer base and pull rod assembly.
11. The gas discharge vents of dynamic pull tube and static puffer base shall be such that there shall not be any arced gas spill into the dynamic compression volume.
12. The gas discharge vents of dynamic pull tube, static puffer base, static intermediate housing-II and static current transfer housing are such that there shall not be any arced gas spill into the dynamic compression volume.
13. The gas discharge vents of dynamic pull tube, static puffer base, static intermediate housing-II and static current transfer housing are such that there shall not be arced gas spilling into arcing insulator and support insulator.
14. The gas discharge vents of dynamic pull tube, static puffer base, static intermediate housing-II and static current transfer housing are such that there shall not be any tank associated faults during short circuit current interruption.

• Application:

A Circuit Breaker (CB) is primarily used to interrupt normal / fault / capacitive / inductive currents of high voltage power transmission and distribution systems. When the Circuit Breaker (CB) is in closed condition, it allows flow of normal electrical charge (current) through a closed electrical system (circuit). The magnitude of current is governed by the system characteristics and state. Short circuits, causing abnormal flow of current, are sensed by current sensors and prevented by isolating the source and the load by circuit breakers.
[0063] Each of the appended claims defines a separate invention, which for infringement purposes is recognized as including equivalents to the various elements or limitations specified in the claims. Depending on the context, all references below to the "invention" may in some cases refer to certain specific embodiments only. In other cases, it will be recognized that references to the "invention" will refer to subject matter recited in one or more, but not necessarily all, of the claims.

[0064] Groupings of alternative elements or embodiments of the invention disclosed herein are not to be construed as limitations. Each group member can be referred to and claimed individually or in any combination with other members of the group or other elements found herein. One or more members of a group can be included in, or deleted from, a group for reasons of convenience and/or patentability. When any such inclusion or deletion occurs, the specification is herein deemed to contain the group as modified thus fulfilling the written description of all groups used in the appended claims.

[0065] It will be understood by those within the art that, in general, terms used herein, and especially in the appended claims (e.g., bodies of the appended claims) are generally intended as “open” terms (e.g., the term “including” should be interpreted as “including but not limited to,” the term “having” should be interpreted as “having at least,” the term “includes” should be interpreted as “includes but is not limited to,” etc.). It will be further understood by those within the art that if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is intended, such an intent will be explicitly recited in the claim, and in the absence of such recitation no such intent is present. For example, as an aid to understanding, the following appended claims may contain usage of the introductory phrases “at least one” and “one or more” to introduce claim recitations. However, the use of such phrases should not be construed to imply that the introduction of a claim recitation by the indefinite articles “a” or “an” limits any particulars claim containing such introduced claim recitation to inventions containing only one such recitation, even when the same claim includes the introductory phrases “one or more” or “at least one” and indefinite articles such as “a” or “an” (e.g., “a” and/or “an” should typically be interpreted to mean “at least one” or “one or more”); the same holds true for the use of definite articles used to introduce claim recitations. In addition, even if a specific number of an introduced claim recitation is explicitly recited, those skilled in the art will recognize that such recitation should typically be interpreted to mean at least the recited number (e.g., the bare recitation of “two recitations,” without other modifiers, typically means at least two recitations, or two or more recitations). Furthermore, in those instances where a convention analogues to “at least one of A, B and C, etc.” is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g., “a system having at least one of A, B and C” would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, and C together, etc.). In those instances where a convention analogous to “at least one of A, B, or C, etc.” is used, in general such a construction is intended in the sense one having skill in the art would understand the convention (e.g., “a system having at least one of A, B, or C” would include but not be limited to systems that have A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B together, A and C together, B and C together, and/or A, B, and C together, etc.). It will be further understood by those within the art that virtually any disjunctive word and/or phrase presenting two or more alternative terms, whether in the description, claims, or drawings, should be understood to contemplate the possibilities of including one of the terms, either of the terms, or both terms. For example, the phrase “A or B” will be understood to include the possibilities of “A” or “B” or “A and B”.

[0066] The above description does not provide specific details of manufacture or design of the various components. Those of skill in the art are familiar with such details, and unless departures from those techniques are set out, techniques, known, related art or later developed designs and materials should be employed. Those in the art are capable of choosing suitable manufacturing and design details.

[0067] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the present disclosure. It will be appreciated that several of the above-disclosed and other features and functions, or alternatives thereof, may be combined into other systems or applications. Various presently unforeseen or unanticipated alternatives, modifications, variations, or improvements therein may subsequently be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the present disclosure as encompassed by the following claims.

[0068] The claims, as originally presented and as they may be amended, encompass variations, alternatives, modifications, improvements, equivalents, and substantial equivalents of the embodiments and teachings disclosed herein, including those that are presently unforeseen or unappreciated, and that, for example, may arise from applicants/patentees and others.

[0069] While various aspects and embodiments have been disclosed herein, other aspects and embodiments will be apparent to those skilled in the art. The various aspects and embodiments disclosed herein are for purposes of illustration and are not intended to be limiting, with the true scope and spirit being indicated by the following claims.