1. An Ecofriendly pipe made from e-waste material comprising of Printed Circuit Board (glass epoxy/FR4 grade)(30-40%)in powdered form, unsaturated resins, promoters (0.1-3%) and hardeners (1-3%).

2. An Ecofriendly pipe as claimed in claim 1 wherein Printed Circuit Board (glass epoxy/FR4 grade) is used in powdered form containing epoxy resin and glass fiber.

3. An Ecofriendly pipe as claimed in claim 1 wherein unsaturated resins are used in the either form of polyester resin, isophthalic resin and bisphenol resin.

4. An Ecofriendly pipe as claimed in claim 1 wherein either of the Cobalt 6% and Cobalt 2% is used as a promoter.

5. A process of making an ecofriendly pipe which comprises of following steps: j) Desoldering all the components from the Printed circuit board by grinding. k) Removal of the copper strip and green masking of the PCB with grinder. 16 | P a g e l) Grinding the left over PCB with emery paper of aloxide fitted in grinding machine to obtain the powdered PCB. m) Filtering the powdered PCB to get fine powder containing epoxy resin and glass fiber of glass epoxy/FR4 PCB. n) Mixing the promoters thoroughly to the unsaturated resin. o) Adding and stirring the glass epoxy/FR4 PCB powder to the above mixture. p) Adding and stirring the hardener to the above mixture for 60 seconds. q) Pouring the above mixture into the mold and left for few hours. r) Removing the mold to get the desired pipe.

6. An Ecofriendly pipe substantially as herein before described with reference to the above examples.

7. The process for making Ecofriendly pipe substantially as herein before described with reference to the above examples.

Field of Invention:
The present invention relates to a reinforced
composite/polymeric pipe and method of casting of said pipes
from e-waste material. More particularly a fibre reinforced
resin pipe wherein unsaturated resin is mixed with powdered form
of Printed Circuit Board (hereinafter referred to as PCB) of
glass epoxy/FR4 Grade containing epoxy resin and fiber.
Background of the Invention:
Electronics waste is becoming a major global issue. Huge
accumulation of e-waste and their recycling through primitive
means for extraction of precious metals are real concern in the
developing countries due to presence of hazardous materials in
e-waste. Recycling of e-waste through appropriate technologies
is, however, considered to be a profitable business as the
printed circuit boards (PCBs) contain the precious metals
(including gold, silver etc.). After recycling of the e-waste
and after removal of the valuable components, PCB’s are the
residual product which leads to landfill thereby causing
environmental pollution.
In the present invention, we have used these PCB’s of glass
epoxy/FR4 grade to manufacture reinforced resin pipe. Glass
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epoxy/FR4 is a material composed of woven fiberglass cloth with
an epoxy resin binder that is flame resistant.
The innovative feature of the present invention is that we have
processed the glass epoxy PCB to powdered form and dissolved it
into the unsaturated resin to produce ecofriendly pipe by adding
some promoters and hardners.
In the present time pipes are used mainly to convey substances
which can flow — liquids and gases (fluids), slurries, powders
and masses of small solids. It can also be used for structural
applications; hollow pipe is far stiffer per unit weight than
solid members. Concrete pipes are one of the most important
components of our infrastructure. These have been used
extensively for transportation of sewage waters as open channels
or as low head pressure conduits for municipal or irrigation
waters.Today the use of FRP made piping has grown from its
original major use in oil field gathering lines to applications
ranging from handling flammable and combustible liquids at
retail consumer facilities to sewer and water mains in the
municipal and industrial markets.
The present invention will dominate and override the boundaries
of limitation of FRP and it will be a revolutionary product for
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the Pipe industries that serves piping for petroleum,
commercial, industrial and municipal applications for both
domestic and overseas markets.
The present invention will also prove beneficial in the
environmental issues.
Prior Art:
Patent No. 3617/DEL/2015describes recycling of metals from
printed circuit boards using simple, non-incineration, cost
effective technology with maximum resource recovery in an
environmental friendly way.
WO1996016112A1 discloses a process for recycling epoxy resin
containing products and substances, such as for example printedcircuit
boards, and for reusing the decomposition products. The
epoxy resin containing materials to be recycled are intensively
mixed for between 2 and 10 hours with one or a plurality of
polar solvents, which modify the physical-chemical structure of
the epoxy resin matrix, at a processing temperature of between
140 and 280 °C, and are acted upon by mechanical forces and
optionally pressure. The non-dissolved solid fractions (glass
fibers, metal parts) are then separated from the resultant
decomposition product and, after appropriate intermediate
treatment, are subject to an individual reuse process, whilst
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the resin polymer is dissolved out of the dissolved liquid
decomposition products or the polymer decomposition product,
after the addition of suitable reagents, is used directly for
producing a new resin product.
The main limitation of the process described therein, is the
complexity, and use of organic solvents that leads to increase
processing costs.
Objectives of the Invention:
1. The principal object of the present invention is to provide
solution to e waste problem as landfill.
2. Further another object of the invention is to provide an
ecofriendly pipe that is manufactured from e-waste material
which is very cost effective.
3. Further another object of the invention is to provide a
pipe that is light weight, durable and anti-corrosive
contrary to traditionally used pipe materials.
4. Further another object of the invention is to provide a
pipe that works in a multitude of applications.
5. Further another object of the invention is to provide a
pipe with good mechanical properties.
6. Further another object of the invention is to provide a
pipe with high strength-to-weight ratio.
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7. Further another object of the invention is to provide a
pipe that is easy to install and minimal maintenance cost.
Significance of the Invention:
1. The main significance of the present invention is to
provide a pipe that is manufactured from the e-waste
material.
2. The other significance of the present invention is to
provide a pipe of comparatively higher tensile strength and
flexural strength.
3. The other significance of the present invention is to
provide a pipe that can be used in power generation system,
Petro Chemical Industry, Irrigation systems for
agriculture, Hydro-electric power plants, Gravity and
pressure sanitary sewer systems.
4. The other significance of the present invention is to
provide a pipe that has industrial as well as domestic
applications.
5. The other significance of the present invention is to
provide a pipe that overrides the boundaries of limitation
of FRP and serves piping for petroleum, commercial,
industrial and municipal applications for both domestic and
overseas markets.
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6. The other significance of the present invention is to
provide a pipe to solve the current issue of the pollution
(landfill) by the E-waste and environmental problems.
Brief Description of the Invention:
According to the present invention is an Ecofriendly pipe which
is made from e-waste material comprising of Printed Circuit
Board (glass epoxy/FR4 grade (30-40%) in powdered form,
unsaturated resins, promoters (0.1-3%) and hardeners (1-3%).
Another embodiment of the invention is the Printed Circuit Board
(glass epoxy/FR4 grade) which is used in powdered form
containing epoxy resin and glass epoxy.
Another embodiment of the invention is the unsaturated resins
which are used in the either form of polyester resin,
isophthalic resin and bisphenol resin.
Another embodiment of the invention is the promoters used in the
either form of Cobalt 6% and Cobalt 2%.
Another embodiment of the invention is the A process of making
an ecofriendly pipe which comprises of following steps:
a) Desoldering all the components from the Printed circuit
board by grinding.
b) Removal of the copper strip and green masking of the PCB
with grinder.
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c) Grinding the left over PCB with emery paper of aloxide to
obtain the powdered PCB.
d) Filtering the powdered PCB to get fine powder containing
epoxy resin and glass fiber of glass epoxy/FR4 PCB.
e) Mixing the promoters thoroughly to the unsaturated resin.
f) Adding and stirring the glass epoxy/FR4 PCB powder to the
above mixture.
g) Adding and stirring the hardener to the above mixture for
60 seconds.
h) Pouring the above mixture into the mold and left for few
hours.
i) Removing the mold to get the desired pipe
Detailed Description of the Invention:
The terms "comprises", "comprising", or any other variations
thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such
that a process or method that comprises a list of steps does not
include only those steps but may include other steps not
expressly listed or inherent to such a process or method.
Similarly, one or more devices or sub-systems or elements or
structures or components preceded by "comprises... a" does not,
without more constraints, preclude the existence of other
devices, sub-systems, elements, structures, components,
additional devices, additional sub-systems, additional elements,
9 | P a g e
additional structures or additional components. Appearances of
the phrase “in an embodiment”, “in another embodiment” and
similar language throughout this specification may, but not
necessarily do, all refer to the same embodiment.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms
used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by
those skilled in the art to which this invention belongs. The
system, methods, and examples provided herein are only
illustrative and not intended to be limiting.
The present invention is related to An Ecofriendly pipe made
from e-waste material comprising of a PCB of glass epoxy/FR4
grade in powder form.
The process for casting pipes includes unsaturated resin,
promoter to begin chemical reaction, curing agents to speed up
and enhance the cure/hardening, Fibres to provide mechanical
strength and stiffness to the pipes, Functional additives for
modifying resin characteristics and performance, casting mold
for pipe, base plate to keep the molds intact, brush to
impregnate the resin on the fibre.
PCB of glass epoxy/FR4 grade is taken as a preferred embodiment
that is flame retardant fibre glass reinforced epoxy laminates
which is subsequently converted into a powdered form. The
process to obtain powdered glass epoxy/FR4 Printed Circuit
Boardinvolves desoldering the metallic and non-metallic
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components of PCB followed by the removal of the green masking
and copper strip of the PCB by grinding. The substrate of the
glass epoxy/FR4 PCB is again grinded with emery paper of aloxide
in grinding machine to get powdered glass epoxy/FR4 PCB. The
powdered glass epoxy/FR4 PCB is then filtered to achieve fine
powder consisting of epoxy resin and fiberglass (hereinafter
referred to as glass epoxy/FR4 PCB Powder).
The glass epoxy/FR4 PCB powder is then combined with unsaturated
resin that may be polyester resin/ bisphenol resin/ isophthalic
resin along with required amount of promoters [Cobalt 6% (0.1-
1%) /cobalt 2%(0.5-3%) and curing agents/hardener (Methyl Ethyl
Ketone Peroxide) that turns the liquefied resin into solid form
to get final composition for casting the pipes.Curing agents are
added just before pouring the composition into the molds. Fibres
are used either in the form of fiberglass chopped strands/ fibre
glass strands mat/ roving fiber cloth for reinforcement of the
pipes.
Functional additives are added to provide aesthetic, features to
the pipes.
Casting Molds consists of two circular concentric cylindrical
pipes made of stainless steel both for inner hollow surface and
external/outer surface respectively. Both the pipes are of
different diameter to achieve the desired thickness of
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ecofriendly pipe. Base plate made of stainless steel holds the
cylindrical objects and keeps them intact.
For casting the pipes, first of all promoters is added to the
unsaturated resin and stirred properly. Promoters helps in
curing of the resin with the curing agent/catalyst. After that
glass epoxy/FR4 PCB powder is added gradually to get required
consistency of the composition. This composition is ready to be
poured into the mold to get the desired object. Meanwhile
casting mold is kept ready and just before pouring the
composition in the mold hardener is added to the above
composition. Hardener is added to the resin to turn its liquid
form to solid form. The above mixture is then stirred for a
minute and poured into the mold wherein roving fiber cloth are
wrapped for reinforcing the pipe. The mold is kept for a certain
time to let the resin turn into hard solid. After a certain time
the hard solid is removed from the mold to obtain a reinforced
Ecofriendly pipe which is left for cooling at room temperature.
Example 1: Ecofriendly pipe made out of polyester resin using
Cobalt 6% as a promoter and Methyl Ethyl Ketone Peroxide as a
Hardener.
An unsaturated polyester resin is mixed thoroughly with Cobalt
6% (0.1-1%) [An abbreviation for the compounds cobalt
napthenateand cobalt octate] to initiate chemical reaction
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between polyester resin and curing agent and stirred properly.
Glass epoxy/FR4 PCB powder (30-40%) is then added to the above
composition while continuously stirring at room temperature.
Before adding the hardener casting mold is kept ready. A small
amount of the above composition is taken and Methyl Ethyl Ketone
Peroxide is added to it and a layer of it is deposited on the
inner concentric pipe of the casting mold placed on the base
plate. After this a layer of roving fiber cloth is wrapped all
around the pipe. Again a small amount of above composition is
taken and hardener is added to it and mixed thoroughly. A layer
of this composition is impregnated on the fibre with the help of
brush so that it gets soaked properly by the fibre. Now the
outer concentric pipe is placed on the base plate. Again the
hardener is added to the required amount of the above
composition and stirred for a minute and poured into the mold.
The mold is kept aside for 10-12 minutes wherein the resin
starts to solidify by exothermic reaction. After one hour the
mold is removed to get the desired ecofriendly pipe.
Example 2: Ecofriendly pipe made out of Isophthalic resin using
Cobalt 2% as a promoter and Methyl Ethyl Ketone Peroxide as a
Hardener.
An unsaturated Isophthalic resin is mixed thoroughly with Cobalt
2% (0.5-3%)to initiate chemical reaction between polyester resin
13 | P a g e
and curing agent and stirred properly. Glass epoxy/FR4 PCB
powder (30-40%) is then added to the above composition while
continuously stirring at room temperature. Before adding the
hardener casting mold is kept ready. A small amount of the above
composition is taken and Methyl Ethyl Ketone Peroxide is added
to it and a layer of it is deposited on the inner concentric
pipe of the casting mold placed on the base plate. After this a
layer of roving fiber cloth is wrapped all around the pipe.
Again a small amount of above composition is taken and hardener
is added to it and mixed thoroughly. A layer of this composition
is impregnated on the fibre with the help of brush so that it
gets soaked properly by the fibre. Now the outer concentric pipe
is placed on the base plate. Again the hardener is added to the
required amount of the above composition and stirred for a
minute and poured into the mold. The mold is kept aside for 5-6
minutes wherein the resin starts to solidify by exothermic
reaction. After one hour the mold is removed to get the desired
ecofriendly pipe.
Example 3: Ecofriendly pipe made out of Bisphenol resin using
Cobalt 2% as a promoter and Methyl Ethyl Ketone Peroxide as a
Hardener.
An unsaturated Bisphenol resin is mixed thoroughly with Cobalt
2% (0.5-3%) to initiate chemical reaction between polyester
14 | P a g e
resin and curing agent and stirred properly. Glass epoxy/FR4 PCB
powder (30-40%) is then added to the above composition while
continuously stirring at room temperature. Before adding the
hardener casting mold is kept ready. A small amount of the above
composition is taken and Methyl Ethyl Ketone Peroxide is added
to it and a layer of it is deposited on the inner concentric
pipe of the casting mold placed on the base plate. After this a
layer of roving fiber cloth is wrapped all around the pipe.
Again a small amount of above composition is taken and hardener
is added to it and mixed thoroughly. A layer of this composition
is impregnated on the fibre with the help of brush so that it
gets soaked properly by the fibre. Now the outer concentric pipe
is placed on the base plate. Again the hardener is added to the
required amount of the above composition and stirred for a
minute and poured into the mold. The mold is kept aside for 5-6
minutes wherein the resin starts to solidify by exothermic
reaction. After one hour the mold is removed to get the desired
ecofriendly pipe.

We claim:
1. An Ecofriendly pipe made from e-waste material comprising
of Printed Circuit Board (glass epoxy/FR4 grade)(30-40%)in
powdered form, unsaturated resins, promoters (0.1-3%) and
hardeners (1-3%).
2. An Ecofriendly pipe as claimed in claim 1 wherein Printed
Circuit Board (glass epoxy/FR4 grade) is used in powdered
form containing epoxy resin and glass fiber.
3. An Ecofriendly pipe as claimed in claim 1 wherein
unsaturated resins are used in the either form of
polyester resin, isophthalic resin and bisphenol resin.
4. An Ecofriendly pipe as claimed in claim 1 wherein either
of the Cobalt 6% and Cobalt 2% is used as a promoter.
5. A process of making an ecofriendly pipe which comprises of
following steps:
j) Desoldering all the components from the Printed circuit
board by grinding.
k) Removal of the copper strip and green masking of the PCB
with grinder.
16 | P a g e
l) Grinding the left over PCB with emery paper of aloxide
fitted in grinding machine to obtain the powdered PCB.
m) Filtering the powdered PCB to get fine powder containing
epoxy resin and glass fiber of glass epoxy/FR4 PCB.
n) Mixing the promoters thoroughly to the unsaturated resin.
o) Adding and stirring the glass epoxy/FR4 PCB powder to the
above mixture.
p) Adding and stirring the hardener to the above mixture for
60 seconds.
q) Pouring the above mixture into the mold and left for few
hours.
r) Removing the mold to get the desired pipe.
6. An Ecofriendly pipe substantially as herein before
described with reference to the above examples.
7. The process for making Ecofriendly pipe substantially as
herein before described with reference to the above
examples.