Form - 2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970 (39 of 1970)
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION
(See Section 10)
An enhanced synergistic insecticidal composition of Cypermethrin haying cis-isomer 80% and Quinalphos 23EC (w/w)
We, UNITED PHOSPHORUS LIMITED, a company incorporated under the Companies Act, 1956 and having its registered office at 3-11, GIDC, Vapi -396 195, State of Gujarat, India and having its office at Uniphos House, CD. Marg, Khar (West), Mumbai - 400 052, State of Maharashtra.
The following specification particularly describes and ascertain the nature of this invention and
the manner in which it is to be performed.


ORIGINAL
583/MUM/2000

GRANTED
23-2-2006

The recent invention relates to an enhanced synergistic insecticidal composition of Cypermethrin and Quinalphos.
This invention is directed to emuisifiable concentrate (EC) insecticidal composition with enhanced synergistic activity of a combination of two active insecticides Cypermethrin having cis isomer 80% (30 g) + Quinalphos (200g) 23EC (w/w). The pesticides, in liquid form, in required quantity are mixed with solvent adjuvants, stabilizer, rain-fastener, emetic agent, dye and surfactants to make the product with improved efficiency and safer formulation.
Cypermethrin and Quinalphos in a synergistic composition 30g + 200g (all in gram per kilogram of formulation) has a higher potential, as insecticide and is highly effective in controlling insect pests including even hard to kill pests. The improved composition of Cypermethrin having cis-isomer 80% (30 g) + Quinalphos (200g) 23 EC (w/w) as invented here, shows improved efficiency, is more target specific and safer formulation. It is comparatively with an excellent synergistic activity, good stability, more activity, have better rainfastness property, good dispersibiliry and solubility, requires lesser loading of toxicant per hectare, has better health - safety record of operator, with minimum percutaneous toxicity, greater safety in-storage and in-transit, with characteristic colour identity, excellent spreadibility with efficient surface coverage in comparison to the product vvith same active ingredient strength in O-xylene, Aromax, C-9 and other cheaper solvents and surfactants.
The present invention provides a ready to use compatible plant mix of enhanced synergistic insecticidal activity, excellent rainfastness, eco-friendly and safer formulation.
The invention provides a cornposition with enhanced synergistic insecticidal activity and a process for the preparation of the same as a safer formulation with improved efficiency consisting of a synergistic insecticidal composition of Cypermethrin 30g + Quinalphos 200g per kg (23 EC) comprises the dissolution of Cypermethrin having cis-isomer 80%and Quinalphos with aromatic hydrocarbon solvent to form a uniform homogeneous mixture, using a simple stirrer; then adding the stabilizer, adjuvant rainfastener, emetic agent and dye in required quantity with continuous stirring; finally the surfactant is added in required quantity with continuous stirring to get the product in a form of ready to use emuisifiable concentrate formulation.
Incorporation of Lignocaine derivative as inert emetic agent to mitigate ingestion of active ingredient accidentally or intentionally promotes the safe use of formulated product.

A large number of samples (TABLE-1) prepared by using the following composition and method are tested for confirming to the requirements of quality.
COMPOSITION
Ingredients Qty % (w/w)
Cyermethrin having 80% cis-isomer 3.00% active ingredient.
Quinalphos 20.00 % active ingredient
Dye 0.05% to 0.25%
Surfactant 5.00% to 10.00%
Sticker cum Rainfastener 1.00% to 5.00%
Adjuvant 0.5% to 5.00%
Stabilizer 0.5% to 5.00%
Emetic agent 0.002% to 0.005%.
Aromatic hydrocarbon solvent Q.S.
Total 100.00% (w/w)
Method ;
Aromatic hydrocarbon in required quantity is taken in a glass vessel, equipped with stirrer, with Continuous stirring the specified quantity of Quinalphos technical is added gradually. After completion of Quinalphos addition, Cypermethrin technical having cis-isomer 80% (preheated) is gradually added in specified quantity and whole mass is continuously stirred for 10 to 15 minutes. After this, the addition of adjuvant, stabilizer, sticker-cum - rainfastener, emetic agent and dye in required quantity is completed. Whole mass is stirred to make the bulk homogeneous. After this die addition of surfactant completed and agitation is continued for half an hour to make the bulk homogeneous, thereafter the mass is filtered by a known process which provides the emulsifiable concentrate (EC) as the final stage product.
This product prepared, can be applied in suitable doses by mixing with water. It can be sprayed by using high volume sprayer (viz. Knapsack sprayer) using 500 to 1000 litres of water per hectare.

The invention is illustrative by the stated examples. In these examples, the following substances and adjuvants referred as.
1. Dye
A specially selected and designed dye consisting of 75±5% 1,4 bis p-toludine Anthraquinone and 25±5% of N-(4-(bis(4-(dimethylarnino)-phenyl)methylene)-2,5-cyclohexadien-1 -ylidene)-N-methyl-methanaminimum chloride.
2. Adjuvants
PBO -( Piperonyl Butoxide)
PBO with Pyrethrum increases the efficiency of pyrethroids . It acts by interfering with MFO (Mixed Function Oxidase) of insects and reduces the rate of oxidative detoxification. In other words the oxidase inhibitor PBO prevents the metabolic degradation of Pyrethroid, Organophosphates and Carbmate insecticides.
3. Sticker cum Rainfastener
A specially developed sticker-cum rainfastener, which is a proprietory blend of surfactants and fatty acid ester, is a pale amber coloured clear liquid with the following specification..
Sp.Gr. 1.03 -1.05 at 25 Deg.C; pH of 10% solution 6.5 to 7.5;
Boiling point above 150 Deg.C; Vapour pressure < 1mm Hg at 20 Deg.C;
Viscosity 60 cps max ; Flash point above 150 Deg.C;
Solubility : Soluble in water, methanol.
4. Stabilizer
ESO (Epoxydised Soyabean Oil)
It is an Epoxydised Soyabean Oil and helps in stabilization of the active ingredient.
5. Surfactant
It is a blend of anionic and nonionic moieties like linear alkyl benzene sulfonate salts and alkyl phenyl ethoxylate.

6. Aromatic Hydrocarbon Solvent
It is an aromatic solvents with a specially selected boiling range and having high hydrophobic character and also having low vapour pressure, high flash point and good solvency. Incorporation of High Flash Point Hydrocarbon alone or in combination with low flash point hydrocarbon fluids, specifically helps to improve the compatibility of ready to use the formulation and contribute significantly in improving the self-dispersibility as well storage stability of the formulation. The added advantages provided by the use of this fluid are :
It has low vapour pressure (LVP) and has less volatile organic compounds (VOC) which helps for better health safety record of operators due to lower exposure levels to the solvent vapours caused by wind drift at higher atmospheric temperatures. Low flash point. (<60 Deg.C.) aromatic Hydrocarbon fluids are still widely used in the agricultural chemical industry. It has been already studied and proved earlier that these high flash point hydrocarbon fluids not poses any additional phytotoxicity concern to low flash point aromatic hydrocarbon fluid.
7. Emetic Agent
It is an extremely bittering agent based on Lignocane derivative which when added in trace amounts, to products, makes them extremely bitter to mitigate and deter accidental or intentional ingestion in an effective and economical way. The inert bittering agent act as an aversive agent and have been approved by USA - EPA for a number of product categories like rodenticides, disinfectants and fly baits (presently used in mothballs, cockroaches lures).

TABLE-1 FORMULATED PRODUCTS RECIPE PREPARED AS PER THE STATED COMPOSITION AND METHOD ON PAGE-3 FOR PREPARATION OF CYPERMETHRIN (30G) HAVING CIS-ISOMER 80% + QUINALPHOS(200G)
23EC (w/w)
RECIPE(S)(IN GM)

SrJio. I I I I I ! I I I I I

Ingredients RECIPE(S)No..
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12
1 Cypermethrih Tech.@ 93.75 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.20 3.20
2 Quinalphos Tech.@ 74.0 27.03 27.03 27.03 27.03 27.03 27.03 27.03 27.03 27.03 27.03 27.03 27.03
3
4 Dye 0.07 0.08 0.09 0.1 0.12 0.14 0.16 0.20 0.22 0.25 0.03 0.05

Surfactant 5.00 5.00 10.00 10.00 6.00 10.00 10.00 8.00 10.00 10.00 8.00 10.00
5 Sticker cum rainfastener 1.00 1.00 1.00 2.00 2.00 3.00 3.00 4.00 4.00 5.00 5.00 5.00
6 Adjuvant 1.00 2.00 3.00 1.00 3.00 1.00 2.00 1.00 2.00 1.00 2.00 5.00
7 Stabilizer 0.50 1.00 2.00 3.00 1.00 4.00 5.00 4.00 2.00 3.00 5.00 5.00
8 Emetic apent 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004 0.004
9 Aromatic Hydrocarbon solvent 62.196 60.686 53.676 53.616 57.646 51.626 49.608 52.566 51.546 50.516 49.736 44.716
Total 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00 100.00

Example -1
In the TABLE-2 set forth below, the results of a series of tests are indicated, which showed better
efficiency of synergistic insecticidal composition of formulation product VRT-S of Cypermethrin having cis-isomer 80% (30 g) + Quinalphos (200 g) 23EC (w/w) with aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, surfactant(s), adjuvant, sticker cum rainfastener, stabilizer, dye and emetic
agent compared to the formulation product VRT of Cypermethrin (30 g) + Quinalphos (200 g) 23EC (w/w) having two technicals, Cypermethrin and Quinalphos, solvent and surfactant(s) but without adjuvant, sticker cum rainfastener, stabilizer, dye and emetic agent.
The effect is observed by comparing the extent of fruit damage on weight basis in the test fields treated with insecticidal combination of the invention (VRT-S) with adjuvants, sticker cum rainfastener, stabilizer , dye and emetic agent against that occuring in untreated fields and the formulatin product (VRT) without adjuvant, dye sticker-cum-rainfastener, stabilizer and emetic agent, at two different Sites (I & II). The crop considered was Brinjal and insect was shoot and fruit borer of Brinjal ("Leucinodes orbonalis").
Test-1 (Efficacy test for VRT and VRT-S on Site-1 & II in Brinjal Fields.
Details of experiment. Location

a) Test layout
b) Replications
c) Treatments
d) Plot size
e) Spacing
f) Variety
g) Crop
h) Application time
i) Spray Volume

a) b)

Randomised Block Design
Three
Seven
3.75x6m2 = 22.5m2
0.75 x 0.6 m2
Composite - 2
Brinjal
First Treatment imposed at peak
level of pest incidence.
Second spraying done after 15
days of first treatment.
2.25 litres per plot.
= (1000 1 /ha spray volume).

j) Untreated plots were sprayed with the same quantity of water (without insecticide) only.

k)

Pest

"Leucinodes orbonalis " (Gueen)

1) Dosage of application

0.20, 0.25, 0.30, 0.35 ml/litre of spray volume.


Results of test -1 for VRT and VRT-S efficacy test experiments at site - 1 and 2. (Pooled average data of Kharif and Summer) against Brinial Shoot and Fruit Borrer ("Leucinodes orbonalis")
TABLE-2

S.No. TREATMENTS Qty. of EC % FRUIT INFESTATION
- ml/ltr of Water SITE-I SITE-II
VRT VRT-S VRT VRT-S
1. CPN + QP 23 EC 0.20 48.33 33.58 47.23 35.23
2. CPN + QP 23 EC 0.25 38.57 26.10 36.50 25.57
3. CPN + QP 23 EC 0.30 29.70 18.63 25.73 16.48
4. CPN + QP 23 EC 0.35 19.63 6.88 13.33 5.99
5. Untreated (only water used) Nil 71.97 72.31 71.10 71.00
NOTE CPN Cypermethrin active ingredient.
QP Quinalphos active ingredient
Method of Observation
Treatments were imposed at the peak level of pest incidence. Observations on damage by shoot and fruit borer after spraying was recorded on weight basis at the time of harvesting.
Results and discussions.
1. Results of the expriment revealed that VRT -S have shown more effectiveness than VRT
2. At the time of harvesting VRT-S treatment at 0.20, 0.25, 0.30 and 0.35 ml/lit. found superior against that at the same rate of application of VRT.
Conclusion.
The average results of test-1 in Table - 2 at site I and II clearly shows that emulsifiable concentrate formulation product VRT-S (Cypermethrin having cis-isomer 80% (30 g) + Quinalphos (200 g) 23EC (w/w) with adjuvants, sticker cum rainfastener, stabilizer, dye and emetic agent prepared by improved process is superior in reducing the damage than the emulsifiable concentrate formulation product VRT( Cypermethrin 30g + Quinalphos 200g per kg) 23EC without adjuvant, sticker cum rainfastener, stabilizer, dye and emetic agent.

Example - 2
In the TABLE-3 & 4 set forth below, the results of a series of tests are indicated, which showed better efficiency of synergistic insecticidal composition of formulation product (VRT) and VRT-S in Cotton fields. The effect is observed by comparing the extent of bollworm incidence, for sucking pests population per leaf in the test fileds treated with (VRT-S) and (VRT) at Site III & IV. The crop considered was Cotton and insects were Cotton bollworm and sucking pests.
Test - 2 (Comparative bio-efficiency test for VRT & VRT-S on site III & IV in Cotton fields.
Details of experiment
Location

a) Test layout
b) Replications
c) Treatments
d) Plot size
e) Variety
f) Crop
g) Application

Randomised Block Design
Three
Eight
4.5 x4.2 sq.m.
DCH-32 hybrid cotton
Cotton
Five sprays
Two months after sowing
21 days after first spray
14 days after second spray
10 days after third spray
18 days after fourth spray

Spray Volume
h) i)

Two litres per plot
Untreated control plot were sprayed with the same quantity of water (i.e. 2 litres per plot) without insecticides.

J)

Number of Cotton pickings

k)

Common spray for early sucking

3 sprays on 22nd, 37th and 48th day after sowing.

Method of Observation
Bollworms
Five plants per replication were selected and tagged. The nunber of fruiting bodies damaged and that of healthy one were recorded. Observations were made one day before spraying and four days after spraying. The percentage of fruiting bodies damaged was computed. Similarly, at picking, the number of good opening bolls and bad openning bolls on five tagged plants were recorded at each picking and mean per plant was computed in percent.
Sucking Pests
Sucking plants per replication were selected and tagged. The no. of aphids, leaf hopper and Whitefly were counted on three leaves from each plant (3rd, 5th, and 7th leaf on the main stem from top). Population count was made on one day before spraying and four days after spraying. The mean populatin per plant was estimated.
TabIe-3 (Site III & IV) - Comparative bio-efficacy results of Emulsifiable Concentrate Formulation Product VRT (Cypermethrin 30g + Quinalphos 200g per kg) 23EC against and improved emulsifiable concentrate formulation product VRT-S (Cypermethrin having 80% cis-isomer (30 g) + Quinalphos (200 g) 23EC (w/w) on Cotton sucking pest

IV ean Pest Population /leaf
Sr
N
0. Treatments EC
Dosage (m/ha) Leafhopper. VRT VRT-S Whitefly VRT VRT-S Aphid VRT VRT-S

1
2 CPN + QP 23EC 250 0.51 0.46 0.42 0.76 0.61 3.06 2.79

CPN + QP 23EC 500
0.38 0.52 0.47 2.79 2.14
3 CPN + QP 23EC 1000 0.33 0.26 0.41 0.29 1.16 1.04
4 5 CPN+ QP 23EC 1500 0.28 0.21 0.30 0.20 0.85 0.64

CPN + QP 23EC 2000 0.26 0.16 0.26 0.15 0.51 0.38
6 Untreated Control NIL 6.02 5.91 2.05 2.96 4.10 4.06
Note CPN = Cypermethrin QP = Quinalphos

Table-4 (Site III & IV) - Comparative bio-efficacy results of Emulsifiable Concentrate Formulation Product VRT (Cypermethrin 30g + Quinalphos 200g per kg) 23EC against an improved emulsifiable concentrate formulation product VRT-S (Cypermethrin having 80% cis-isomer (30 g) + Quinalphos (200 g) 23EC (w/w) on Cotton bollworm incidence.

Sr.No Treatments EC
Dosage (ml/ha) % bollworm incidence VRT VRT-S GOB/Plant VRT VRT-S BOB/Plant VRT VRT-S

1 CPN + QP 23EC 250 37.66 30.31 5.85 10.70 26.10 20.76
2 CPN + QP 23EC 500 30.60 24.26 6.60 13.15 20.75 17.10
3
4 CPN + QP 23EC 1000 1500 25.85 19.91 8.96 17.73 17.26 14.21

CPN+ QP 23EC
18.20 13.14 18.65 22.80 13.16 11.79
5 CPN + QP 23EC 2000 12.38 7.24 23.40 29.56 8.85 6.36
6 Untreated Control NIL 50.20 51.19 3.40 2.73 21.15 23.10


l ^m—nnm.^ — — — - l i
Note CPN = Cypermethrin. QP = Quinalphos GOB = Good opened bolls BOB = Bad opened bolls
Results and Discussions :
The comparative results of the field trials carried out to evaluate bioefficacy at the similar dosage level of an emulsifiable concentrate formulation product VRT (Cypermethrin 30g + Quinalphos 200 g per kg) 23EC against an improved composition emulsifiable concentrate VRT-S (Cypermethrin having 80% cis isomer (30 g) + Quinalphos (200 g) 23EC (w/w) on Cotton insect pests shows that:
i) The formulation product VRT-S with improved composition at all dosage level recorded
significantly lower leaf hopper population against VRT and untreated control, while untreated control recorded a maximum of leaf hoppers per leaf.
ii) The formulation product VRT-S with an improved composition recorded very low
population of aphids than that of formulation product VRT and untreated control..
iii) The formulation product VRT-S with an improved composition recorded a maximum good opened bolls and minimum bad opened bolls per plant . VRT-S proved to be superior than VRT and untreated control.
iv) There was no record of any phytotoxicity symptpms on plants treated with the formulation product VRT-S and VRT .
Conclusion
A formulation product VRT-S with an improved composition recorded a better efficacy when compared to the formulation product VRT.

TEST-3 :
Title:
Comparative efficacy of emulsifiabie concentrate formulation product VRT-S * (Cypermethrin having 50 - 80% cis-isomer(30 g) + Quinalphos (200 g) 23EC (w/w) without sticker-cum-rainfastener against an improved emulsifiabie concentrate formulation product VRT-S (Cypermethrin having cis-isomer 80% (30 g) + Quinalphos (200 g) 23EC (w/w) with sticker-cum-rainfastener on Diamond Back Moth (DBM) (Platella xylostella L.) on Cabbage.
AIM
To evaluate the efficacy of emulsifiabie concentrate fonnulation product VRT-S with improved composition incorporating sticker-cum-rain fastener in various quantities 1 per cent, 2 percent, 3 per cent, 4 per cent, 5 per cent and VRT-S* the one without sticker-cum-rain fastener on Diamond Back Moth (DBM) Plutella xylostella L. on Cabbage.
MATERIAL AND METHODS
The Cabbage seedlings were planted in earthen pots (20 cm dimater) About 60 day old plants (8-12 leaves stage) were selected for the study. Four potted plants were tagged for each sample and untreated control. Each sample was considered in treatment at the dosage (1000 ml per ha. diluted in 1000 1 of water) of the test samples were prepared by diluting with water. The Cabbage plants were treated with the respective test samples by using hand sprayer (I litre capacity with a discharge rate of 250 ml/min.). The treated plants were air dried for an hour and after drying two treated plants, from each treatment, were exposed to simulated rain from the rain tower at 20 p.s.i. pressure for 30 minutes. The plants exposed to simulated rain were air dried for an hour before collecting the leaves for laboratory bioassay.
RAIN STIMULATOR
Artificial rain was simulated using a rain tower erected, based on the model designed by Taylor and Matthews (1986). A droplet spectrum which resembled natural rain was produced using four solid-cone nozzles (with a flow rate of 8 litres per minute) placed 80 cm apart on a square frame, which was fixed 8 m above the ground level. Water was delivered at 20 p.s.i. to the nozzles via a pressure regulating valve.
The intensity of rainfall was regulated by using aluminium 'V channels fixed 3 cm apart on 1.5 x 1.5 m wooden frames, placed 2 m above ground level.

The droplets caught by 'V channels were drained along the sides by fixing the wooden frames inclined at an angle of 15 Deg. The intensity of rainfall was 45 mm/hour. The intensity of rainfall was monitored using a 11.5 cm diameter rain gauge. The effect of the wind on the distribution of droplets was eliminated by covering the sides of the tower by heavy duty plastic sheets.
EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS

Crop & Variety
Test Insect
Insect development stage
No. of replications
No. of treatments
No. of insects/replicate
Application rate

Cabbage (Sutton Express)
Pluttella xylostella L.
2nd instar larvae
4
5
10
1ml per litre of spray volume for both VRT-S & VRT-S*

TREATMENT DETAILS
a) VRT-S (Cypermethrin having cis isomer 80% (30 g) + Quinalphos (200 g) 23 EC (w/w) with 1.0;1.5; 2.0; 3.0; 4.0; 5.0 % sticker-cum-rainfastener.
b) VRT-S* (Cypermethrin having cis-isomer 50 -80%(30g) + Quinalphos (200 g) 23EC (w/w) without sticker-cum-rainfastener
Type of sprayer used for insecticide application: Ganesh Pneumatic hand sprayer (1 litre capacity with a discharge rate of 250 ml/min.)
LAB BIO-ASSAY
The middle leaves were selected for lab bio-assay. The selected leaves were cut to the petridish base size and the treatted upper surface of the leaves was exposed to the larvae. Ten second instar Larvae of Diamond Back Moth were utilized for each replicate. Petrolium jelly was applied to the inner wall of the petridish to prevent the larvae from crawling.
The bio-assay was carried out at room temperature. The mortality was recorded after 24 hours and the mortality was corrected by Abbott's formula.

Table - 5 - Effect of Sticker-cum-Rainfastner on Formulation Products
(VRT-S & VRT-S*)

Sample Sticker-cum- rainfastener % % Mortality of DBM
A 1.0 (VRT-S) 68.4
B 1.5 (VRT-S) 68.9
C 2.0 (VRT-S) 69.3
D 3.0 (VRT-S) 69.9
E 4.0 (VRT-S) 70.4
F 5.0 (VRT-S) 71.1
G 0 (VRT-S*) 58.8
RESULTS AND DISCUSSION
The data relating to efficacy of sticker-cum-rainfastner from table - 5 revealed that incorporation of 1% of sticker-cum-rainfastener in formulated product ( VRT-S) exhibits 68.4% mortality against that of 58.8% in formulated product (VRT-S*) without sticker-cum-rainfastener, under the exposure of rain. It can be concluded that the sticker-cum-rainfastener provides the rainfasteness to the product, which finally contributes the better efficacy of the product.

Test-4

Title

:Laboratory bio-assay of emulsifiable concentrate product with emetic agent VRT-S (Cypermethrin having cis isomer 80% (30 g) + Quinalphos (200 g) 23EC (w/w)) and VRT-S** ( Cypermethrin having cis-isomer 80 % (30 g) + Quinalphos (200 g ) 23 EC (w/w)) without emetic agent against Diamond Back Moth (DBM) (Plutella xylostella L.) larvae.

TEST SUBSTANCE DETAILS:
A. VRT-S (Cypermethrin having cis-isomer 80%(30 g) + Quinalphos (200g) 23EC(w/w) )
with emetic agent.
B. VRT-S* *(Cypermethrin having cis-isomer 80%(30 g) + Quinalphos (200 g) 23EC (w/w))
without emetic agent.
EXPERIMENTAL DETAILS

1. Test insect
2. Growth stage of insect
3. No. of insect/replicate
4. No. of replications
5. No. of treatments
6. Treatment details

Diamond Back moth, Plutella xylostella L
5 day old larvae
10 larvae
3
7

VRT-S**
VRT-S**
VRT-S**
VRT-S
VRT-S
VRT-S
Control (Water treatment only).
Tl T2 T3 T4 T5 T6 T7

23 EC @ 0.4 ml/1 of water ( 0.0092% conc) 23 EC @ 1.2 ml/1 of water ( 0.0276% conc) 23 EC @ 2.0 ml/1 of water ( 0.0460% conc) 23 EC @ 0.4 ml/1 of water (0.0092% conc) 23 EC @ 1.2 ml/1 of water ( 0.0276% conc) 23 EC @ 2.0 ml/1 of water ( 0.0460% conc)

METHOD OF APPLICATION
The host plant (Cabbage) leaves and test insect larvae were treated by spraying with Potter's spray tower. The treated leaves were air dried under ceiling fan. The treated DBM(Diamond back moth) larvae were released on treated leaves and kept in petridishes.
OBSERVATION RECORD
The mortality observations were recorded at 24 hours after treatment applications and the per cent mortality data were subjected to statistical analysis.

Sr. No. Treatment No. % Mortality after 24 hr.
1. Tl 16.67
2. T2 33.33
3. T3 83.33
4. T4 16.87
5. T5 36.67
6. T6 86.67
7. T7 0.00
RESULT
The results revealed that the per centage mortality in T3 and T6 was on par with each other. Treatment T5 and T2 was also on par with each other. The percentage mortality in Tl and T4 were found equal to 16.67 and 16.87, was also on par with each other.
CONCLUSION:
From the results it is evident that adding of emetic agent in the formulation do not affect efficacy of the product.

INFERENCE
The above experiments, their results and observations concludes that Cypermethrin 30 g having cis-isomer 80% plus Quinalphos 200 g per kg (23 EC) with adjuvants, sticker cum rainfastener, stabilizer,dye and emetic agent exhibits an improved efficiency when prepared by using the method as described in this invention.
It also reveals that improved synergic activity is being noticed
The experimental results further reveals that incorporation of sticker-cum-rain fasteners increases spray retention on foliage to achieve improved efficacy results. Incorporation of 1% sticker-cum-rain fastener in proudct helps to achieve 68.4% mortality of DBM against that of 58.8% without rainfastener.
The experiment conducted reveals that incorporation of a Lignocaine derivative as inert bittering agent, to mitigate ingestion of active ingredient accidentally or intentionally, does not alter the efficacy of the product.
The presence of Lignocaine derivative in the formulated product promotes the safe use.
The presence of speciality solvent in the formulated product helps to emulsify the product easily into water at the time of dilution. The diluted emulsion exhibits good stability. This helps in uniform distribution of active ingredient on the plant when applied. This helps to exhibit low percutaneous toxicity, safety in storage and in transit.

The presence of specially designed dye in the formulated product helps to distinguish and identify the product.

The presence of PBO (Piperonyl Butoxide) in the formulated products helps to increase the efficiency of the product by intefering with Mixed Function Oxidase (MFO) of insects and by reducing the rate of detoxification. In other words the oxidase inhibitor PBO prevents the metabolic degradation of the product.

We CLAIMS
1. An enhanced synergistic insecticidal composition comprising Cypermethrin having cis-isomer 80%, Quinalphos in proportion of 1:6.667 by weight in 23% EC (w/w) alongwith a suitable aromatic hydrocarbon solvent, surfactant(s), so that cypermethrin and quinalphos together form 23% by weight of the composition.
2. An enhanced synergistic insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the surfactant is a fatty acid ester.
3. An enhanced synergistic insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein the surfactant is either linear alkyl benzene sulfonate salts or alkyl phenyl ethoxylate.
4 An enhanced synergistic insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 1, wherein surfactant is a combination of anionic and non ionic surfactants.
5. An enhanced synergistic insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 1, 2 and 3, wherein the surfactant is a combination of linear alkyl benzene sulfonate salts and alkyl phenyl ethoxylate.
6. An enhanced synergistic inscticidal composition as claimed in claim 1 to 5 , wherein the composition optionally comprises an emetic agent, a dye, an adjuvant and a stabiliser.
7. An enhanced synergistic insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 6, wherein the emetic agent is a lignocaine derivative, or a combination of lignocaine derivatives.

8. An enhanced synergistic insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 6, wherein the dye is a combination of 1,4 bis p-toludine anthraquinone and N-(-4-(bis(4-)dimethylamino)-phenyl)methylene)-2,5-cyclohexadien-l-ylidene)-N-methyl-methanammonium chloride.
9. An enhanced synergistic insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 6, wherein the adjuvant is piperonyl butoxide.
10. An enhanced synergistic insecticidal composition as claimed in claim 6, wherein the stabilizer is epoxydised soyabean oil.
11. An enhanced synergistic insecticidal composition substantially as herein described in the text and in the examples.
Dated 23rd day of June, 2000

M. B Trivedi Company Secretary
For United Phosphorus Ltd., Uniphos House, C. D. Marg, Khar West, Mumbai - 400 052, Maharashtra, INDIA.