FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to fibre opening arrangement for textile spinning machines. Particularly, this invention relates to preparatory machines of blow room line in which the fibre tuft is being processed before being fed to the carding machine in a spinning plant. More specifically the invention deals with fibre tuft opening and cleaning arrangement in a blow room line.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The chute feeding arrangement of carding machines is well known. Feeding a fibre lap to the input of a carding machine or a roller card unit is of the type which has an upper or reserve chute. Said reserve chute is charged with fibre tufts from above and a feed chute is situated underneath the reserve chute. Generally the fibre tuft for every reserve chute is coming from plurality of preceding machines such as bale plucker, unimix, ultra blend cleaner, flexi-cleaner and mono-cleaner etc. In all such machines, the fibre flock tends to undergo opening and cleaning process to remove heavy and fine impurities. Therefore said machines of blow room line are generally termed as opening and cleaning machines.
In general, said opening and cleaning machines are provided with plurality of opening and beating rollers for giving heavy force on fibre flocks. And these opening rollers and beating rollers are running at very high speed inside the machine cabinet. Moreover the surface of said opening rollers and beating rollers are mounted with steel wires or spiked needles. So that the incoming fibre flock will be thoroughly rough treated by said steel wires and spiked needles to extract the impurities at high speed.

In said arrangement, because of higher rotating speed of said opening rollers and beating rollers, a beating effect is imposed on the fibre tufts while processing. This beating force normally ruptures the fibre and impart stress over fibre tufts which results in undesirable physical changes on the fibre properties. Moreover such action leads to more nep formation as well as large amount of fibre entanglement. On subsequent process like carding action, said neps and entanglements leads to more fibre damages and wastages which are most disadvantageous.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of this invention to provide an improved fibre opening arrangement that gives smooth and soft opening of fibre tufts.
It is another object of the invention to provide an improved fibre opening arrangement that facilitates a manual hand-pick like opening of fibre tufts by avoiding heavy beating rollers.
It is yet another object of the invention to provide an improved fibre opening arrangement that offers a damage-less and small fibre tuft opening from the heavy fed fibre tufts.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
According to the present invention, the improved fibre opening arrangement is provided with a main chamber that comprises a feed channel, a processing chamber and a delivery duct. There at least two pairs of opening rollers are provided in the processing chamber. The pair of opening rollers are provided in the processing chamber to forward the tufts from the said feed channel to the delivery duct. A first pair of opening roller is provided downstream of feed

channel. And the second pair of opening roller is provided next to the first pair of opening roller and upstream of the delivery duct. The first pair of opening rollers rotates at slow speed than the second pair of opening rollers. Since the coarser fibre tuft is fed by the slow speed opening roller pair and picked up by relatively high speed opening roller pair, there is no possibility for heavy beating force on the fibre and therefore a smooth fibre tuft opening results in.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the running speed of first pair of opening rollers is comparatively slower than the running speed of second pair of opening rollers. The diameter of first pair of opening rollers is smaller than the diameter of second pair of opening rollers.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, wherein the opening rollers are conveyor belt type.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the opening rollers are apron roller type.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, projections and / or grooves are provided in the surface of conveyor and apron roller.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the surface pattern / structure of the opening rollers, conveyor belts and apron roller is suitable for gripping and opening the fibres.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the corresponding distances between the each pairs of opening rollers / conveyor belts / apron rollers are adjustable.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 shows the improved fibre opening arrangement according to the present invention wherein a plurality of fibre opening conveyor belt is provided.
Figure 2 shows another embodiment of fibre opening arrangement according to the present invention wherein a plurality of opening / feed rollers is provided.
Figure 3 shows yet another embodiment of fibre opening arrangement according to the present invention wherein a combination of pair of apron rollers and plain rollers are provided.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Fibre opening arrangement according to the present invention is represented in Figure 1 which comprises a main chamber (1), a feed channel (2), a processing chamber (14) and a delivery duct (3). The top of the feed channel (2) further comprises plurality of air inlet perforations (4) in the side wall. And the bottom of the feed channel (2) comprises plurality of air exhaust (5, 5') in the side wall. Hence the fibre fed to the feed channel (2) is efficiently condensed for further processing. At least two pairs of fibre opening conveyor belt (6) is provided between the outlet of the feed channel (2) and the inlet of the delivery duct (3) to forward the tufts from the said feed channel (2) to the delivery duct (3) in the processing chamber (14).
A first pair of conveyor (6) is provided downstream of feed channel (2). And the second pair of conveyor (7) is provided next to the first pair of conveyor

(6) and upstream of inlet of the delivery duct (3). The first pair of conveyor (6) is mounted in a converging manner such that the fibre entry side is open widely and the fibre exit side is narrowed down. The feeding element shall be further cushioned using a damping element (not shown). Therefore the fibre coming out from the feed channel (2) is effectively collected and then transported properly to the successive second pair of conveyor (7). There also an effective gap (8) between 0 and 10mm is being maintained at the exit portion of first pair of conveyor (6). Fibre travelling gap (9) between second pair of conveyor (7) is also maintained between 0 and 10mm. A fibre pick-up distance (X) is being maintained between the exit potion of first pair of conveyor (6) and the take-up portion of the second pair of conveyor (7) according to the requirement.
The running speed (V1) of the first pair of conveyor (6) is comparatively slower than the running speed (V2) of the second pair of conveyor (7). Therefore a relative speed difference (V2>V1) is always being maintained between the said first pair of conveyor (6) and second pair of conveyor (7). Since there is a relative speed difference, the coarse fibre coming out from first pair of conveyor (6) is picked up effectively by the second pair of conveyor (7). Hence a soft opening of fibre tuft is being carried out without any heavy beating force and therefore a hand-picked like fibre opening process is achieved. And finally the opened soft fibre tuft is transferred through the delivery duct (3) to the next successive machine. The surface pattern / structure of the conveyor is suitable for gripping and opening the fibres. Projections and / or grooves are provided on the conveyor surface (not shown).

Figure 2 shows another embodiment of the present invention wherein a plurality of opening / feed roller pairs (10, 11) with different surface speed or different diameter is provided. Preferably the first pair of opening / feed rollers (10) are provided with smaller diameter (D1), whereas the second pair of opening / feed rollers (11) are provided with larger diameter (D2). For achieving the benefit of the invention, the first pair of opening / feed rollers (10) runs at slow speed (V1) when compared to the second pair of opening / feed rollers (11) speed (V2) and therefore a desirable relative speed (V2>V1) is achieved. A further embodiment of the present invention is shown in Figure 3 wherein a combination of pair of apron rollers (12) and pair of rollers (13) are being provided. Said pair of apron rollers (12) runs at slow speed (V1) when compared to the pair of rollers (13) speed (V2) which provides a desirable relative speed (V2>V1) for effective fibre opening process. The surface pattern / structure of the Apron and / or rollers are suitable for gripping and opening the fibres. Projections and / or grooves are provided on the Apron surface (not shown).
By this arrangement, an effective fibre opening has been carried out without using any heavy beater arrangement or heavy rollers. Therefore it offers a smooth, soft and manual hand-pick like opening of fibre tufts. Moreover a damage-less fibre tuft opening can be achieved.
In view of the present disclosure which describes the present invention, all changes, further modifications and variations within the meaning and range of equivalency are considered within the scope and spirit of the invention.

We Claim:
1. An improved fibre opening arrangement for textile machine provided with a main chamber (1) that comprises a feed channel (2), a processing chamber (14) and a delivery duct (3) Characterized in that at least two pairs of opening rollers (10, 11) are provided in the processing chamber (14).
2. An improved fibre opening arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the second pair of opening rollers (11) is provided next to the first pair of opening rollers (10) and upstream of the delivery duct (3).
3. An improved fibre opening arrangement as claimed in claim 2, wherein running speed (V1) of first pair of opening rollers (10) is comparatively slower than the running speed (V2) of second pair of opening rollers (11).
4. An improved fibre opening arrangement as claimed in claim 2, wherein the diameter (D1) of first pair of opening rollers (10) is smaller than the diameter (D2) of second pair of opening rollers (11).
5. An improved fibre opening arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the opening rollers (10, 11) are conveyor belt type (6, 7).
6. An improved fibre opening arrangement as claimed in claim 1, wherein the opening roller (10) is apron roller type (12).
7. An improved fibre opening arrangement as claimed in claims 5 and 6, wherein projections and /or grooves are provided in the surface of conveyor (6, 7) and apron roller (12).

8. An improved fibre opening arrangement as claimed in preceding claims, wherein the surface pattern / structure of the opening rollers (10, 11), conveyor belts (6, 7) and apron roller (12)Hs suitable for gripping and opening the fibres.