Claims:1. An improved intravenous dripper system (100) for automatic monitoring, controlling, and notification of a fluid, comprising:
a hook (1) that is associated with a pole (8), said hook (1) being configured to hold and support a fluid reservoir (2);
the pole (8) that is firmly supported on an IV stand (9), said IV stand (9) holding and keeping a drip setup intact;
a drip chamber (3) that is attached with the fluid reservoir (2) via a sterile spike (4), said drip chamber (3) facilitating the flow of a fluid from the fluid reservoir (2) due to gravity;
a flow sensing arrangement (5) that is configured to detect: the flow of the fluid from the fluid reservoir (2) to the drip chamber (3); and the quantity of the fluid in the fluid reservoir (2);
an IV tube (6) that is provided below the drip chamber (3), said IV tube (6): passing through an actuating arrangement (7); and facilitating the flow of the fluid from the drip chamber (3) into a vein of a patient;
the actuating arrangement (7) that is configured to release, block, or control autonomously the flow of a measured quantity of the fluid into the vein of the patient non-invasively;
a roller clamp (10) that facilitates that facilitates the manual controlling and regulation of the drip rate of the fluid;
a catheter (11) that is inserted into the vein to infuse the fluid into the patient; and
a control circuit that facilitates the monitoring and controlling of the improved system (100),
characterized in that
the improved system (100) comprises an infiltration sensing unit (80) that facilitates the detecting of the leakage of the IV fluid into the surrounding tissue of the patient, said infiltration sensing unit (80) comprising:
a plurality of emitters (82) that emits a beam of visible light and near infrared light of pre-defined wavelengths, with the plurality of emitters (82) being energized and de-energized at pre-defined intervals;
an at least one receiver (83) that: collects the radiation (23) reflected, scattered, diffused, or emitted from the tissue near an infusion site (21); and delivers the signals to the control circuit; and
a sensor receptacle that encloses the infiltration sensing unit (80) with: the plurality of emitters (82) and the at least one receiver (83) being accommodated in close proximity; the flow of the fluid into the vein of the patient being blocked autonomously by the improved system (100), if infiltration is detected by the infiltration sensing unit (80), thereby avoiding further infiltration; and a notification being sent to an at least one user, if infiltration is detected by the infiltration sensing unit (80);
the control circuit that comprises: a driver module that regulates the plurality of emitters (82); a detector module that facilitates the enhancing of the input signals received from the infiltration sensing unit (80); and an analyser module that facilitates the amplifying and filtering of the enhanced signals received from the detector module; and
an application on a computing device that facilitates the remote monitoring and controlling of the improved system (100).

2. The improved intravenous dripper system (100) for automatic monitoring, controlling, and notification of a fluid as claimed in claim 1, wherein the plurality of emitters (82) is Light Emitting Diodes, and the at least one receiver (83) is a photodiode.
3. The improved intravenous dripper system (100) for automatic monitoring, controlling, and notification of a fluid as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wavelength of the visible light emitted by the plurality of emitters (82) ranges between 570 nanometres and 750 nanometres.
4. The improved intravenous dripper system (100) for automatic monitoring, controlling, and notification of a fluid as claimed in claim 1, wherein the wavelength of the near infrared light emitted by the plurality of emitters (82) ranges between 800 nanometres and 1,300 nanometres.
5. The improved intravenous dripper system (100) for automatic monitoring, controlling, and notification of a fluid as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pre-defined interval at which the plurality of emitters (82) is energized and de-energized is 0.2 seconds.
6. The improved intravenous dripper system (100) for automatic monitoring, controlling, and notification of a fluid as claimed in claim 1, wherein the distance between the infiltration sensing unit (80) and the catheter (11) ranges between 10 mm and 50 mm.
7. The improved intravenous dripper system (100) for automatic monitoring, controlling, and notification of a fluid as claimed in claim 1, wherein the range of fluid quantity at which infiltration is detected is between 2.01 mL and 7.68 mL. , Description:TITLE OF THE INVENTION: AN IMPROVED INTRAVENOUS DRIPPER SYSTEM FOR AUTOMATIC MONITORING, CONTROLLING, AND NOTIFICATION OF A FLUID

The present disclosure is an improvement in or modification of the disclosure in my earlier Patent Application bearing number 201841017233 dated May 8, 2018 (Patent Number 303973).

FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present disclosure is generally related to an intravenous fluid infusion system for convenient administration of intravenous fluid. In particular, the present disclosure is related to an improved, cost-effective, and non-invasive system for sensing and controlling the medication of intravenous fluid.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
Methods of monitoring the drip rate in any conventionally existing intravenous fluid infusion apparatus require gravity infusion of parenteral solution, which is accomplished by suspending the solution container several feet above the patient, and connecting the drip chamber to the venipuncture site via a flexible delivery tube. The pressure difference created across the drip chamber and the venipuncture site causes flow of solution through the flexible delivery tube into the veins of the patient, especially those undergoing anaesthesia and surgery.
This is the most common hospital setup of administering intravenous (IV) fluids, which largely remains under the supervision and control of hospital nurses or attendants. Most often, the ratio of nurses attending to the admitted patients is profoundly low, sometimes as low as 1 nurse chaperoning almost 40 patients at a time. Consequently, these nurses are vulnerable to elevated stress levels owing to huge work load, which inevitably introduces a factor of human error. A nurse leaving a patient unattended for a long time may cause administration of excess quantities of IV fluids, which is both undesirable and deleterious, leading to unnecessary and fatal complications.
Improper venipuncture may cause catheter to tear down beyond the vein and reach the subcutaneous layer of the tissue, leading to infusate leak inside the surrounding tissue, instead of vein infusion. This leads to compartment syndromes or nerve damage.
Further, in case of extravasation, the damage can extend to nerves, tendons, joints, and can continue for months after the initial occurrence. If treatment is delayed, surgical debridement, skin grafting, and even amputation may be the unfortunate consequences of such an injury.
Infiltration can be caused by improper placement or dislodgment of the catheter. Patient movement can cause the catheter to slip out or through the blood vessel lumen, or the puncture vein can be porous, making the intravenous fluid leak to the surrounding muscles, causing excessive swelling in the puncture site.
Despite its wide usage and importance, not much automation has been introduced or achieved in the IV therapy during the last few decades. The currently existing manually governed bare bones IV drip system may lead to occurrence of air embolism, blood back flow, and infiltration if the intravenous administration of fluid to a patient is not frequently attended to.
When intravenous fluid is admitted to the patient by gravity fed system, there is chance that the dripper chamber runs out of fluid, causing air bubbles to enter the patient’s blood stream, thereby causing air embolism. Due to pressure difference, the blood also has the chances to flow back into the empty tube, thus causing back flow.
There is, therefore a need in the art for a system that is capable of autonomous management of intravenous administration of fluid to a patient from a drip chamber, which overcomes the aforementioned drawbacks and shortfalls.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
An improved intravenous dripper system for automatic monitoring, controlling, and notification of a fluid is disclosed. Said system comprises: a hook that is associated with a pole, said hook being configured to hold and support a fluid reservoir; the pole that is firmly supported on an IV stand; a drip chamber that is attached with the fluid reservoir via a sterile spike; a flow sensing arrangement; an IV tube; an actuating arrangement that is configured to release, block, or control autonomously the flow of a measured quantity of a fluid into a vein of a patient non-invasively; a roller clamp that facilitates the manual controlling and regulation of the drip rate of the infusion fluid; a catheter that is inserted into the vein to infuse the fluid into the patient; and a control circuit that facilitates the monitoring and controlling of the improved system.
The improved system is characterized in that it further comprises an infiltration sensing unit that facilitates the detecting of the leakage of IV fluid into the surrounding tissue of the patient’s infusion site.
Said infiltration sensing unit comprises a plurality of emitters that emits a beam of visible light and near infrared light of pre-defined wavelengths, with the plurality of emitters being energized and de-energized at pre-defined intervals.
An at least one receiver collects the radiation reflected, scattered, diffused, or emitted from the tissue near an infusion site, and delivers the signals to the control circuit.
A sensor receptacle encloses the infiltration sensing unit, with the plurality of emitters and the at least one receiver being accommodated in close proximity.
The flow of the fluid into the vein of the patient is blocked autonomously by the improved system, if infiltration is detected by the infiltration sensing unit.
The control circuit further comprises: a driver module that regulates the plurality of emitters; a detector module that facilitates the enhancing of the input signals received from the infiltration sensing unit; and an analyser module that facilitates the amplifying and filtering of the enhanced signals received from the detector module.
The improved system also further comprises an application on a computing device that facilitates the remote monitoring and controlling of the improved system.
The sensitivity of the infiltration sensing unit ranges between 78% and 100%, depending on the distance between the infiltration sensing unit and the catheter.
The distance between the infiltration sensing unit and the catheter ranges between 10 mm and 50 mm. The sensitivity is high with 100% infiltration sensing, when the infiltration sensing unit is kept within 10 mm to 20 mm from the infusion site. The range of fluid quantity at which infiltration is detected is between 2.01 mL and 7.68 mL.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
Figure 1 illustrates an embodiment of an improved intravenous dripper system, in accordance with the present disclosure;
Figure 2 illustrates an embodiment of an infiltration sensing unit of an improved intravenous dripper system, in accordance with the present disclosure;
Figure 3a and Figure 3b illustrate an example of an infiltration sensing unit of an improved intravenous dripper system, in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure; and
Figure 3c and Figure 3d illustrate notifications on a display unit of an infiltration sensing unit of an improved intravenous dripper system, in accordance with the embodiments of the present disclosure.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Throughout this specification, the use of the words "comprise", “have”, “contain”, and “include”, and variations such as "comprises", "comprising", “having”, “contains”, “containing”, “includes”, and “including” may imply the inclusion of an element or elements not specifically recited. The disclosed embodiments may be embodied in various other forms as well.
Throughout this specification, the words “illuminate”, “radiate”, and their variations are used interchangeably.
Throughout this specification, the phrases “at least a”, “at least an”, and “at least one” are used interchangeably.
Throughout this specification, the use of a range is to be construed as being inclusive of the upper limit of the range and the lower limit of the range.
Throughout this specification, the use of the word “plurality” is to be construed as being inclusive of at least one.
Throughout this specification, the word “fluid”, the phrase “IV fluid”, and their variations are to be construed as being inclusive of: Intravenous Fluids, Medications, Drugs, and the like.
Throughout this specification, the phrase ‘application on a computing device’ and its variations are to be construed as being inclusive of: application installable on a computing device, website hosted on a computing device, web application installed on a computing device, website accessible from a computing device, and web application accessible from a computing device.
Throughout this specification, the phrase ‘computing device’ and its variations are to be construed as being inclusive of: the Cloud, remote servers, desktop computers, laptop computers, mobile phones, smart phones, tablets, phablets, and smart watches.
Also, it is to be noted that embodiments may be described as a process depicted as a flow chart, a flow diagram, a dataflow diagram, a structure diagram, or a block diagram. Although a flow chart describes the operations as a sequential process, many of the operations may be performed in parallel, concurrently, or simultaneously. In addition, the order of the operations may be re-arranged. A process may be terminated when its operations are completed, but may also have additional steps not included in the figure(s).
An improved intravenous dripper system for automatic monitoring, controlling, and notification of a fluid (hereafter “improved system”), installed on an Intravenous (IV) drip setup, is disclosed.
As illustrated in Figure 1, an embodiment of the improved system (100) comprises a hook (1) that is associated with a pole (8), said hook (1) being configured to hold and support a fluid reservoir (2).
The pole (8) is firmly supported on an IV stand (9) that holds and keeps the drip setup intact. A drip chamber (3) is attached with the fluid reservoir (2) via a sterile spike (4), said drip chamber (3) facilitating the flow of a fluid from the fluid reservoir (2) through gravity.
The improved system (100) further comprises: a flow sensing arrangement (5) that is configured to detect the flow of the fluid from the fluid reservoir (2) to the drip chamber (3) and/or to detect the quantity of the fluid in the fluid reservoir (2); an IV tube (6) that is provided below the drip chamber (3), said IV tube (6): passing through an actuating arrangement (7), and facilitating the flow of the fluid from the drip chamber (3) into a vein of a patient; a roller clamp (10) that facilitates the manual controlling and regulation of the drip rate of the fluid (for example, by a nurse); a catheter (11) that is inserted into the vein to infuse the fluid into the patient; and a microcontroller unit (MCU) that facilitates the monitoring and controlling of the improved system (100).
The improved system (100) is characterized in that it comprises an infiltration sensing unit (80) that facilitates the detecting of leakage of IV fluid into the surrounding tissue of the patient’s infusion site.
The actuating arrangement (7) is configured to release, block, or control autonomously the flow of a measured quantity of the fluid into the vein of the patient non-invasively.
In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the fluid reservoir (2) is an IV bag that contains the fluid to be infused into the patient.
In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the flow sensing arrangement (5) is configured to detect the flow of the fluid from the fluid reservoir (2) to the drip chamber (3). Further, the flow sensing arrangement (5) detects the quantity of the fluid in the fluid reservoir (2) and transmits a signal regarding the flow and/or quantity of the fluid to the microcontroller unit via a cable (53).
The flow sensing arrangement (5) counts and keeps track of the drops falling into the drip chamber (3) from the fluid reservoir (2). Said flow sensing arrangement (5) comprises: an at least an electromagnetic transducer; an at least a sensor; and a plurality of photodiodes.
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the actuating arrangement (7) includes a motor (14; Figure 3a) and a cam (15; Figure 3a). The motor (14) is configured to actuate the cam (15). The cam (15) is configured to block or control the flow of the fluid in the IV tube (6) that passes into the vein of the patient, as per the instructions received from the microcontroller unit.
The actuating arrangement (7) is safely enclosed within an enclosure that is configured to receive the IV tube (6) via its vertical slot. The actuating arrangement (7) further comprises a control circuit that comprises: all the electronics; a power supply unit; the microcontroller unit; and a communication unit, with said control circuit being properly isolated from the other components of the actuating arrangement (7).
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, as illustrated in Figure 2, the infiltration sensing unit (80) comprises: a plurality of emitters (82) and an at least one receiver (83). The plurality of emitters (82) emits incident electromagnetic radiation near an infusion site (21) of the patient. The emitted radiation (22) passes through the skin (24) near the infusion site (21) of the patient.
The plurality of emitters (82) radiates a beam of visible light and near infrared light of pre-defined wavelengths, and is energized and de-energized at pre-defined intervals
The at least one receiver (83) collects the electromagnetic radiation (23) reflected, scattered, diffused, or emitted from the tissue, and delivers the signals to the controller circuit via a second cable (81). The infiltration sensing unit (80) receives power from the improved system (100).
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of emitters (82) is Light Emitting Diodes (LED’s), and the at least one receiver (83) is a photodiode.
The detection of infiltration and/or extravasation shall now be explained in detail. The infiltration sensing unit (80) is disposed near the infusion site (21) of the patient. The plurality of emitters (82) is illuminated with a beam of electromagnetic radiation of pre-defined wavelengths.
Preferably, the plurality of emitters (82) illuminates at both visible light and near infrared spectrum (light). The at least one receiver (83) collects the radiation (23) reflected, scattered, diffused, or emitted from the tissue near the infusion site (21), and delivers the signals to the control circuit. The plurality of emitters (82) is regulated by a driver module.
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the wavelength of the visible light emitted by the plurality of emitters (82) ranges between 570 nanometres and 750 nanometres.
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the wavelength of the near infrared light emitted by the plurality of emitters (82) ranges between 800 nanometres and 1,300 nanometres.
If infiltration is detected by the control circuit, an instruction to the actuating arrangement (7) is sent to stop the IV therapy. This spontaneous action restricts further worse outcomes, which could be compartment syndromes or nerve damage.
In case of extravasation, the damage can extend to nerves, tendons, joints, and can continue for months after the initial occurrence. If treatment is delayed, surgical debridement, skin grafting, and even amputation may be the unfortunate consequences of such an injury.
Whenever the infusate infiltrates into the tissue of the patient, the optical density of the tissue changes. Minute changes in the optical density could also be considered to figure out whether infiltration occurring or not.
At the initial stage, the plurality of emitters (82) is illuminated with a beam of electromagnetic radiation of pre-defined wavelength. The at least one receiver (83) collects the electromagnetic radiation (23) reflected, scattered, diffused, or emitted from the tissue during the insertion of the needle, to establish an ambient signal that is set as baseline to provide a running ambient signal value.
This value is subtracted from subsequent radiation values collected when the plurality of emitters (82) is re-illuminated. The plurality of emitters (82) is energized and de-energized at pre-defined intervals.
On energizing, the optical signals reflected, scattered, diffused, or emitted from the tissue are captured by at least one receiver (83). These signals are recorded and averaged to formulate a baseline. The same signals are recorded and averaged out during the infusion therapy at pre-defined intervals.
When IV fails or infiltration happens, the IV fluid infiltrates the interstitial space; this creates a change in the recorded values in comparison to the baseline value. This observed and averaged out value may not be proper to detect infiltration in all possible scenarios, as it totally varies with respect to patients with different skin colour, different shade, or different texture.
So, a relative change in the optical signal is calculated to minimize the above said effects and also to interpret the conditions of infiltration, such as: normal infusion; potential infiltration; or definitive infiltration. The relative change in optical signal is calculated as follows:
Relative change in optical signal (R) =
(Averaged Ambient Baseline Signal – Subsequent Averaged Signals)/(Averaged Ambient Baseline Signal)
The infiltration sensing unit (80) is enclosed using a sensor receptacle with both the plurality of emitters (82) and the at least one receiver (83) being accommodated in close proximity.
The purpose of energizing and de-energizing the plurality of emitters (82) at pre-defined intervals is to provide sufficient time to the at least one receiver (83) to properly collect the optical signals (23) reflected, scattered, diffused, or emitted from the tissue.
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the plurality of emitters (82) are energized and de-energized for every 0.2 seconds.
As illustrated in Figure 3a and Figure 3b, the working of the actuating arrangement (7) is demonstrated. As per the instruction from the control circuit, the motor (14) actuates the cam (15), said actuation making the cam (15) incident on the IV tube (6).
The cam (15) exerts pressure on the IV tube (6) and performs functions like: complete blocking of the flow when infiltration or low liquid level is observed, through the sensing units (5 and 80); and controlling the flow rate or allowing the flow to be manually actuated.
Also, as can be seen in the example illustrated in Figure 3a and Figure 3b, patients in rooms 501 and 502 have been provided with IV therapy, and the information is displayed through the monitor, with fluid level as well as an infiltration status (31 and 32). Here, the status 31 indicates no infiltration; thus the cam (15) is in an open state A. 32 shows the detection of infiltration; thus the cam (15) is actuated and in a closed position C.
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the signal regarding the flow and/or quantity of the fluid is transmitted to a display unit wirelessly via the communication unit for live monitoring of the quantity of the fluid in the fluid reservoir (2).
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the communication unit includes, but is not limited to Bluetooth, GPS, GSM, RFID, Wi-Fi communication, mobile communication, Bluetooth Low Energy, LoRa, ZigBee, or the like.
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, a notifying unit is configured for notifying an at least a user (for example, a nurse) wirelessly via the communication unit regarding the infiltration status and/or fluid quantity. Simultaneously a notification is sent to an attendant’s station, as illustrated in Figure 3c, or any display unit regarding the status of the infiltration and/or fluid level in that room, so that the attendant takes the required action. The display unit in a more elaborate manner shows status for multiple rooms, indicated with the infiltration status (32) in each room (58).
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the notification to the at least one user (e.g. nurse, attendant, etc.) can be of any type know in the art such as visual notification, sound notification, message notification, or the like. The notifications may be sent to: the display units, the attendant’s station, and/or the application on a computing device.
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the display unit is a LED display unit. Each fluid reservoir (2) on the display unit includes, but is not limited to: the percentage of fluid left (60); infiltration status (31 or 32); and a drip rate (61) with multiple statuses of fluid corresponding to: full or nearly full (62) (green colour 100-20%), nearly empty (64) (yellow colour 20-10%), and empty (63) (red colour 10-0%), along with room number.
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the improved system (100) can be monitored and controlled remotely through an application on a computing device. The application on a computing device comprises an interface that is configured for an at least a user (e.g. nurse) to monitor and control the improved system (100) remotely.
For example, the interface is configured for actuating the cam (15) virtually by the nurse based on the quantity of the fluid in the fluid reservoir (2) or the infiltration status (31 or 32) displayed on the display unit. The nurse can actuate the cam (15) either manually with a knob (57) in the actuating arrangement (7) or through the application on a computing device.
Figure 3d illustrates an off-server (without the application on a computing device) display unit (67) which communicates with other devices through a Radio Frequency module (68) and an antenna (69) protruding out from the display unit (67) to increase its range. The display unit (67) also shows the room number (58) along with the status of infiltration (31 or 32) on multiple display units.
The control circuit helps in achieving the complete functionality of sensing, monitoring, and controlling of the improved system (100). The control circuit instructs the actuating arrangement (7) to its intended action, as per the inputs received from the flow sensing arrangement (5) and the infiltration sensing unit (80).
The power supply unit acts as a major power source, which supplies power to all the different circuit modules in the improved system (100) and helps them to function. The microcontroller unit handles all the processing of data received from the flow sensing arrangement (5) and the infiltration sensing unit (80).
Further, the microcontroller unit also sends control signals to the actuating arrangement (7) to control the flow of the IV fluid, as well as stop the flow at pre-defined conditions such as air embolism, infiltration, or at low level of infusate left to prevent blood backflow.
The infiltration sensing unit (80) collects the electromagnetic radiation (23) reflected, scattered, diffused, or emitted from the tissue and sends the signals as input to a detector module in the control circuit. The detector module facilitates the enhancing of the input signals received from the infiltration sensing unit (80) by adjusting the gain and offset of the signals and delivers the enhanced signals to an analyser module in the control circuit.
The analyser module facilitates the amplifying and filtering of the enhanced signals received from the detector module, with the help of an at least one high pass filter and an at least one hand pass filter, thereby making the signals clear enough to enable the easy comparison of the radiation emitted and collected by the infiltration sensing unit (80).
The output from the analyser module is then sent to the microcontroller unit for identifying the occurrence of infiltration. If infiltration is detected by the microcontroller unit, an instruction to the actuating arrangement (7) is sent to stop the IV therapy.
The sensitivity of the infiltration sensing unit (80) ranges between 78% and 100%, depending on the distance between the infiltration sensing unit (80) and the catheter (11).
In yet another embodiment of the present disclosure, the distance between the infiltration sensing unit (80) and the catheter (11) ranges between 10 mm and 50 mm.
The sensitivity is high with 100% infiltration sensing when the infiltration sensing unit (80) is kept within 10 mm to 20 mm from the infusion site (21). The range of fluid quantity at which the infiltration can be detected by the improved system (100) is between 2.01 mL and 7.68 mL, which is again dependent on the depth of the catheter (11) placement and the flow rate of the infusate.
The disclosed improved intravenous dripper system for automatic monitoring, controlling, and notification of a fluid (100) is an automated; cost-effective; modular; replaceable; simple; and smart system of sensing and blocking the medication of IV fluid to avoid any occurrence of air embolism, blood backflow, and/or infiltration. The disclosed improved system (100) is helpful in assisting nurses in effective management of multiple patients at one point of time in a smart manner.
It will be apparent to a person skilled in the art that the above description is for illustrative purposes only and should not be considered as limiting. Various modifications, additions, alterations and improvements without deviating from the spirit and the scope of the disclosure may be made by a person skilled in the art. Such modifications, additions, alterations and improvements should be construed as being within the scope of this disclosure.
LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS
100 – An Improved Intravenous Dripper System for Automatic Monitoring, Controlling, and Notification of a Fluid
1 – Hook
2 – Fluid Reservoir
3 – Drip Chamber
4 – Sterile Spike
5 – Flow Sensing Arrangement
6 – IV Tube
7 – Actuating Arrangement
8 – Pole
9 – IV Stand
10 – Roller Clamp
11 – Catheter
14 – Motor
15 – Cam
21 – Infusion Site
22 – Incident Radiation
23 – Reflected Radiation
24 – Skin
31, 32 – Infiltration Alerts
53 – Cable
57 – Knob
58 – Room Number
60 – Percentage of Fluid Left in the Fluid Reservoir
61 – Drip Rate
62 - Fluid Full or Nearly Full in the Fluid Reservoir
63 – Fluid Empty in the Fluid Reservoir
64 – Fluid Nearly Empty in the Fluid Reservoir
67 – Display Unit
68 – Radio Frequency Module
69 – Antenna
80 – Infiltration Sensing Unit
81 – Second Cable
82 – Plurality of Emitters
83 – At Least One Receiver