This invention relates to an improved solar grid hybrid subsystem used along with power backup systems having inbuilt battery management system for managing the bank of lithium ion batteries.
PRIOR ART
[002] Backup systems are commonly employed to supply reliable power to one or more electrical loads during power failure. Backup system stores energy, typically within a collection of batteries and delivers the stored energy to the electrical loads during a period of time when power from the primary power source, typically the electric power grid, is not available. The collection of battery is used to store energy in the uninterruptible power supply.
[003] Photovoltaic devices are used to generate electrical power from I the ambient light. Photovoltaic devices are commonly used to power consuming loads such as lighting, heating, or to operate communications equipment. Photovoltaic devices may also be directly connected to the grid via a grid-connected backup system.
[004] Backup systems are sometimes characterized by their ) efficiency at converting from AC power to DC power and DC power to AC power. A higher efficiency implies less wasted energy, less heat generated by the process and greater financial savings. Similarly, photovoltaic applications are also often characterized by their efficiency at converting light to useful electrical energy. Higher 5 efficiency implies a better use of the capital dollars expended to install the photovoltaic system.

[005] Power backup systems are also characterized by the duration of their ability to deliver energy in a form and manner suitable for use by a load in the event of a power failure.
[006] Reference may be made to the following citations: -
> [007] Indian patent No. 884/DEL/2011 discloses an improved solar grid hybrid subsystem which controls the charging of the external batteries or charge storage device either through solar power available through the PV panels or power backup system by controlling the input power flow into power backup system. User can
I configure the solar grid hybrid subsystem and set the priority of the source of the power as per requirement. Solar grid hybrid subsystem controls the battery charging through solar or grid power or both and AC and DC load simultaneously.
[008] This system does not include lithium ion battery for storage. The present system includes the battery management system integrated in the inverter for managing the lithium ion battery charging and is useful for electric vehicle charging.
[009] US Patent No. 7145265B2 discloses hybrid power system has two voltage sources, a variable DC power source, and a second power source, connected through selection components to a common node. The variable DC power source may be a solar power source and the second source may be an AC grid. The selection components, e.g. blocking diodes, SCRs, or relays, allow one or both of the sources to be connected to the node depending on the voltages produced by the sources. This invention has a solar DC power source and a second power source such as an AC power supply. It does not allows setting any priority.

[010] Publication no. CN209282850 discloses a vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery energy storage system for engineering. The vehicle-mounted lithium ion battery energy storage system comprises a battery system, a bidirectional inverter, a soft starter, a high-voltage control box and a vehicle-mounted 12V power supply, and a battery management system BMS is arranged in the high-voltage control box. And the battery system is connected with the high-voltage control box through the bidirectional inverter and the soft starter to form an alternating-current charging or discharging circuit. The battery system is directly connected with the high-voltage control box to form a direct-current charging circuit. The battery management system BMS is connected with the battery system through CAN communication, and is connected with the bidirectional inverter through RS485. And the vehicle-mounted 12V power supply is a low-voltage power supply of the battery system, the bidirectional inverter and the high-voltage control box.
[Oil] CN106505730 relates to a battery power supply management system, which comprises a battery state monitoring module, a power conversion module and a control module, wherein the control module controls the power conversion module according to battery data collected by the battery state monitoring module and storage battery pack data and a power supply bus state collected by the power conversion module, so that a storage battery pack is controlled to discharge a power supply bus through the power conversion module when a DC power supply system connected with the power supply bus is broken, or the power supply bus is controlled to charge the storage battery pack through the power conversion module when the DC power supply system is normal and the storage battery pack is in a non-full state, or the power conversion module is in a standby hot backup state when the DC

power supply system is normal and the storage battery pack is in a full state.
[012] CNl 11934375 provides a novel lithium ion storage battery with a battery management system to solve the problem that an existing lead-acid storage battery cannot be started due to the fact that an automobile is not used after being placed for a short time and power of the storage battery is insufficient. The lithium ion storage battery comprises a BMS control system, wherein the BMS control system comprises an analog front-end chip, a charging and discharging control unit, an MCU and a current detection unit, the analog front-end chip is connected with a battery cell of the lithium ion storage battery, the analog front-end chip is connected with the MCU, and the current detection unit is connected to a negative electrode connection circuit of battery cell of the lithium ion storage battery. The energy density of the storage battery is increased by using the battery cell of the lithium ion storage battery; under the same energy density, the lithium ion storage battery is lighter, a super capacitor is connected to the output circuit of the storage battery in parallel, the discharge rate is improved, the BMS automatically detects the use condition of a vehicle, the BMS enables the storage battery to enter a protection state according to a storage battery output disconnection threshold set by a user when the electric quantity of the storage battery is lower than the threshold, and the electricity shortage phenomenon caused by long-time placement is prevented.
[013] US2020223318 discloses systems and method manage battery charging of a battery of an electric vehicle. The system can include a battery management system. The battery management system can receive current battery characteristics and conditions. Based on the

battery characteristics and conditions, the battery management system can select a charging profile from a plurality of charging profiles. Based on the selected charging profile, the battery management system can set a rate for charging the battery.
[014] US2020016989 discloses single, internally adjustable modular battery systems, for handling power delivery from and to various power systems such as electric vehicles, photovoltaic systems, solar systems, grid-scale battery energy storage systems, home energy storage systems and power walls. Batteries comprise a main fast-charging lithium ion battery (FC), configured to deliver power to the electric vehicle, a supercapacitor-emulating fast-charging lithium ion battery (SCeFC), configured to receive power and deliver power to the FC and/or to the EV and to operate at high rates within a limited operation range of state of charge (SoC), respective module management systems, and a control unit. Both the FC and the SCeFC have anodes based on the same anode active material and the control unit is configured to manage the FC and the SCeFC and manage power delivery to and from the power system(s), to optimize the operation of the FC.
[015] CN106505730 discloses a battery power supply management system, which comprises a battery state monitoring module, a power conversion module and a control module, wherein the control module controls the power conversion module according to battery data collected by the battery state monitoring module and storage battery pack data and a power supply bus state collected by the power conversion module, so that a storage battery pack is controlled to discharge a power supply bus through the power conversion module when a DC power supply system connected with the power supply bus is broken, or the power supply bus is

controlled to charge the storage battery pack through the power conversion module when the DC power supply system is normal and the storage battery pack is in a non-full state, or the power conversion module is in a standby hot backup state when the DC power supply system is normal and the storage battery pack is in a full state. The battery power supply management system can be suitable for power supply management of a lithium-ion battery pack; the application security and the intelligent degree of lithium batteries are improved; and the service life of the batteries is prolonged.
[016] CN102496991 provides a backup lithium ion battery pack management method and a management system. The method comprises the following steps: real-time data sampling, running state identification and electric quantity estimation, intelligent
; charging management and discharging management, self-discharge power consumption management, heating management, alarm and security protection. The cell management system comprises a power supply unit, a data acquisition unit, a storage unit, a micro control unit (MCU), a state indication unit, an equalization unit, a heating
i unit, a switch unit and a communication unit.
[017] CN 103580084 discloses an indoor distributed system integral switch power source and a power supply method of the indoor distributed system integral switch power source. Firstly, an external connection high-voltage direct current is input in a direct current-i direct current rectifier module, alternating current commercial power is input in an alternating current-direct current rectifier module, a plumbic acid/lithium-ion two-in-one charging management system monitoring unit is used for starting a plumbic acid storage battery charging management process or an iron

lithium battery charging management process according to the types of storage batteries, then staring a cross coupling shielding system and finally conducting outputting.
[018] US Publication No. 2010019577 relates to the solar power kits
for uninterruptible power supplies and related methods. The
uninterruptible power supply includes a power bus, mains circuitry
configured to rectify electrical energy received from a mains supply
system into rectified electrical energy and to provide the rectified
electrical energy to a power bus of the uninterruptible power supply,
photovoltaic circuitry configured to convert solar energy into
converted electrical energy and to provide the converted electrical
energy to the power bus, a battery system configured to receive
electrical energy from the power bus to charge a battery of the
battery system and to discharge electrical energy to the power bus,
an inverter configured to provide electrical energy from the power
bus to the load, and a controller configured to monitor the
photovoltaic circuitry and to implement at least one operation of the
uninterruptible power supply using the monitoring.
[019] US2010060229 discloses portable PV modular solar generator. Plurality of wheels are attached to the bottom of a rechargeable battery container. At least one rechargeable battery is contained inside the rechargeable battery container. A power conditioning panel is connected to the rechargeable battery container. At least one photovoltaic panel is pivotally connected.
[020] Publication No. JP2009016785 is directed to the solar photovoltaic portable generation unit which is always easy to carry. The system comprises a case main body and a lid body of the case house solar panels. A battery which is charged with power generated by the respective solar panels, a controller for controlling the charge

to the battery and an inverter for converting the power charged to the battery into an alternating current to feed the alternating current to the outside are fixed to the inside of the case main body. The case main body is provided with a receptacle for power supply electrically connected to the inverter and a handle for carrying the case. The solar panel is fixed to the case main body while covering the battery, the controller and the inverter.
[021] Publication No. CN1070290 pertains to the multifunctional
controller for solar electric generating equipment which is composed
of photovoltaic silicon array, automatic charge regulator circuit,
automatic distribution circuit, automatic power supply controller
circuit, voltage-stabilizing circuit, DC output and protecting circuit,
alarm circuit, lagging battery treating and emergency power supply,
inversion circuit, two sets of battery, casing, panel and rear cover.
The electric energy output from solar photovoltaic silicon array is
fully and reasonably stored in battery sets in a certain manner and
the battery set is controlled to continuously supply stabilized DC
voltage to load.
[022] US Patent No. 7,072,194 discloses a power conversion system adapted to provide continuous power to single or multiple phase AC loads when fed from separate DC and single or multiple phase AC sources.
[023] US Patent No. 7,479,774 discloses an automatic control, electronics, DC-DC conversion, DC-AC conversion and energy technology, specifically, solar photovoltaic (PV) energy conversion system being used in power grid.
[024] Publication No. CN201194333 is directed to a novel solar energy photovoltaic grid-connected system.

[025] US PubUcation No. 20100208501 relates to management of power transfer from a local power source to a load that is tied to a utility power grid.
[026] US PubUcation No. 20100246230 discloses a solar photovoltaic source feeding into an enhanced DC-DC power converter providing a smoothed DC output to a photovoltaic DC-AC inverter that may perhaps ultimately interface with a grid.
[027] All the above mentioned prior arts provide backup system where the grid power is directly supplied to the backup system. As a result, the backup system will bypass the available grid power to load with or without regulation and incase of failure or abnormaUty of the grid power it provides the power through the external or internal batteries or charge storage device. Solar power can't be interfaced with such systems directly. Also the current available systems are not compatible with the lithium ion battery and hence a completely different setup is required for lithium battery bank. Hence there needed a backup system having battery management system which can also be used with lithium ion battery.
[028] In order to overcome above listed prior arts, the present invention provides solar grid hybrid subsystem along with the internet of things (IoT) based power backup systems having inbuilt battery management system. The user defines the priorities using the internet of things (IoT) of the available source of power and controls the charging of the batteries from grid or solar power or both and AC and DC load simultaneously.
OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION
[029] The principal object of the present invention is to provide solar grid hybrid subsystem along with the internet of things (IoT) based

power backup systems having inbuilt battery management system for lithium ion battery.
[030] Another object of the present invention is to provide solar grid hybrid subsystem along with the internet of things (IoT) based power backup systems which can also be used as lithium ion battery
[031] Still another object of the present invention is to provide solar grid hybrid subsystem along with the internet of things (IoT) based power backup system which eliminates the separate battery management system for lithium ion battery and protects the power backup system from deteriorating effects of voltage & frequency fluctuations.
[032] Yet another object of the present invention is to provide solar grid hybrid subsystem along with the internet of things (IoT) based power backup system wherein the power backup system can be tested through remote location using IOT remote testing.
[033] Still another object of the present invention is to provide a flexible, cost effective and efficient system for power backup systems which is useful for electric vehicle.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
[034] Accordingly the present invention provides solar grid hybrid subsystem along with the internet of things (IoT) based power backup systems having inbuilt battery management system for lithium ion battery which controls the charging of the external batteries or charge storage device either through solar power available through the PV panels or power backup system by controlling the input power flow into power backup system. User can

configure the solar grid hybrid subsystem using IoT and externally set the priority of the source of the power as per requirement.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWING
[035] Further objects and advantages of this invention will be more apparent from the ensuing description when read in conjunction with the accompanying drawing and wherein:
[036] FIG. 1 shows block diagram of an Improved Solar Grid Hybrid Subsystem for Power Backup System according to the present invention.
DETAIL DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION WITH REFERENCE TO THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWING:
[037] Reference may be made to fig. 1, wherein the solar grid hybrid subsystem* is implemented with photovoltaic circuitry there within. The system is configured for use with existing power backup systems which do not include photovoltaic circuitry and its control of power utilization.
[038] The solar grid hybrid subsystem includes at least one photovoltaic panels, a DC-to-DC converter coupled with the photovoltaic panels, contactor and interface circuitry configured to couple with a power bus of IoT based power backup system with lithium ion battery bank. The backup system includes battery management system which is a part of charging control and is controlled by the control unit of the backup system for managing lithium ion battery bank and monitors the voltage, charging and discharging of the battery. If the battery gets overcharged the system stops the charger and when the system is low in charge the system stops the inverter. An additional output port is provided to connect

the system with IoT server which generates control signal related to the backup system based on the backup system based related monitoring data and battery related monitoring data received from the control device, and a command from the user terminal. The Server communicates with control device to control backup system integrated monitoring function, analysis, diagnosis, report function, backup system testing.
[039] The user terminal is in communication terminal used by backup system, for example, a mobile communication terminal capable of voice communication, data communication, and Internet communication, PDA, smart phone, tablet PC, personal computer (PC), etc. may include. The user terminal performs various functions through communication with the server.
[040] The external user interface is provided so that the user can defines the priority of the available source of power such as but not limited to the grid, solar batteries or charge storage device and controls the charging of the batteries from grid or solar power or both and AC and DC load simultaneously using Internet of things (IoT).
[041] This system of the present invention comprises at least three energy sources: the photovoltaic DC source, which supplies energy when available; the battery, which acts as energy storage, accepting energy from the photovoltaic source or the AC grid during emergency; and the AC grid, which provides energy either to charge the battery or supply to loads.
[042] The system of the present invention involves a solar photovoltaic source feeding into solar grid hybrid subsystem providing a smooth and uniform DC output to a battery/charge storage device connected with power backup system. Ultimately, the

power backup system inverts the DC and creates an AC output which is established as an input to a domestic electrical system or some other power consuming device.
[043] The power is first fed to the solar grid hybrid subsystem. The solar grid hybrid subsystem first monitors the power of the incoming AC and controls the input AC power from source to deliver safe and permissible power at the backup system's input. The solar grid hybrid subsystem in this way protects the backup system from deleterious effects of voltage & frequency fluctuations.
[044] The system allows power from the utility grid when the sunlight is insufficient to generate enough electricity to power all the electrical loads. In this case, the power from the utility grid is used to supply power to the electrical loads and to recharge the battery. The system can also operate independently from the grid.
[045] The surplus power from the photovoltaic array is used to charge the battery or to run the electrical load connected at the output of the power backup system by controlling the input mains power flow to backup system. The battery can be charged through the backup system or directly through the solar grid hybrid subsystem.
[046] The system is programmed to monitor and control its functions based on load and demand parameters and available energy resources. The solar grid hybrid subsystem is also configured for either on solar or battery or grid or mix of any two power sources priorities. The system is used to measure and monitor (locally or remotely) the power consumed by power backup systems to run the AC load/charging of batteries and DC load, power generated through

the solar panels and various states of the power backup systems and battery status and health etc.
[047] It is to be noted that the present invention is susceptible to modifications, adaptations and changes by those skilled in the art. Such variant embodiments employing the concepts and features of this invention are intended to be within the scope of the present invention, which is further set forth under the following claims.

WE CLAIM;
1. An improved solar grid hybrid subsystem with IoT based power backup system comprises at least one photovoltaic panels, a DC-to-DC converter coupled with the photovoltaic panels, contactor and interface circuitry configured to couple with a power bus of power backup system characterized in that battery management system which is a part of charging control and is controlled by the control unit of the backup system for managing lithium ion battery bank and monitoring the voltage, charging and discharging of the battery; an additional output port to connect the system with IoT server which generates control signal related to the backup system based on the backup system based related monitoring data and battery related monitoring data received from the control device, and a command from the user terminal.
2. The improved solar grid hybrid subsystem with IoT based power backup system as claimed in claim 1, if the battery gets overcharged the system stops the charger and when the system is low in charge the system stops the inverter.

3. The improved solar grid hybrid subsystem with IoT based power backup system as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein the IoT server communicates with control device to control backup system integrated monitoring function, analysis, diagnosis, report function, backup system testing.
4. The improved solar grid hybrid subsystem with IoT based power backup system as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the user terminal is in communication terminal used by backup system, for example, a mobile communication

terminal capable of voice communication, data communication, and Internet communication, PDA, smart phone, tablet PC, personal computer (PC), etc. may include
5. The improved solar grid hybrid subsystem with IoT based power backup system as claimed in any of the preceding claims, wherein the user terminal performs various functions through communication with the server.