FORM 2
THE PATENTS ACT, 1970
(39 of 1970)
As amended by the Patents (Amendment) Act, 2005
AND
The Patents Rules, 2003
As amended by the Patents (Amendment) Rules, 2005
COMPLETE SPECIFICATION (See section 10 and rule 13)
TITLE OF THE INVENTION
An instrument for measuring health parameters of the constructional blocks of the transformer
APPLICANTS
Crompton Greaves Limited, CG House, Dr Annie Besant Road, Worli, Mumbai 400 030, Maharashtra, India, an Indian Company
INVENTOR
KESHAWATKAR BABURAO of Crompton Greaves Ltd, Conition Monitoring & Diagnostic Centre, Global R&D Centre, Kanjur (E), Mumbai 400042, Maharashtra, India; an Indian National.
PREAMBLE TO THE DESCRIPTION
The following specification particularly describes the nature of this invention and the manner in which it is to be performed:

Field of the Invention:
This invention relates to the field of testing instruments.
Particularly, this invention relates to an instrument for measuring health parameters of the constructional blocks of a transformer.
Background of the Invention:
A transformer contains windings of metal around a core to form primary windings and secondary windings. Input current / voltage flows through the primary windings and the output current / voltage flows through the secondary windings.
In a transformer comprising E-shaped iron plates, the plates are separated individually or in pairs by thin sheets of paper or other insulating material. Pre-wound copper coils can then be inserted straight through the iron plates to be laid in to create a closed magnetic circuit. Also, larger power transformers operating at high voltages may be wound with copper rectangular strip conductors insulated by oil-impregnated paper
While using the insulating paper and oil for these and such constructions, it is necessary that they be checked for their operational parameters such as to check degradation parameters of oil and paper.
In the prior art, a vessel was designed which was capable of only handling pre-defined quantities of oil.

There is a need for an instrument which tests some of the constructional blocks of a transformer, simultaneously.
Objects of the Invention:
An object of the invention is to test the operating parameters of some of the constructional blocks of a transformer, simultaneously.
Another object of the invention' is to provide a testing instrument, which does not compromise on its working with respect to repeatability and reproducibility.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide an improved reliable testing instrument.
Still another object of the invention is to obtain a test result within a relatively shorter duration.
Summary of the Invention:
For the purposes of this specification, 'constructional blocks' of a transformer refer to insulating paper, oil, copper wire and the like embodiments.
1. According to this invention, there is provided an instrument for measuring health parameters of the constructional blocks of a transformer, said instrument comprising:
a. container adapted to receive the constructional blocks for testing purposes, characterized in that, said container having a relatively

increased length in order to simultaneously contain said constructional block;
b. first outlet tube extending from the interior of said container, said first
outlet tube with a first valve at its outer opening for regulating the
outflow of oil from said container;
c. second outlet tube extending from the interior of said container, said
second outlet tube with a second valve at its outer opening for
regulating the outflow of oil from said container;
d. drive means adapted to angularly displace said container; and
e. control means adapted to control parameters relating to drive means
for conducting various tests.
Typically, said control means includes speed control means adapted to control speed of said drive means.
Typically, said control means includes temperature control means adapted to control temperature inside said container.
Typically, said control means includes pressure control means adapted to pressure inside said container.
Brief Description of the Accompanying Drawings:
Figure 1 illustrates a typical set up of the prior art instrument for testing.
The invention will now be described in relation to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure 2 illustrates a schematic of the instrument for measuring health parameters of the insulation of the transformer.
Detailed Description of the Accompanying Drawings:
Figure 1 illustrates a typical set up of the prior art instrument for testing.
A container (C), of length 'L', is bathed in a liquid (LQ). The container is fitted in a rotating carriage (RC) which is adapted to rotate said container for purposes of testing. The liquid is covered by means of an insulation means (I). A drive unit (D) controls the actions to the container such as rotation.
Figure 2 illustrates a schematic of the instrument for measuring health parameters of the insulation of the transformer
According to this invention, there is provided an instrument (100) for measuring health parameters of the constructional blocks of a transformer.
In accordance with an embodiment of this invention, there is provided a container (10) adapted to receive the constructional blocks for testing purposes. The constructional blocks may include insulating paper, oil, copper wire. Typically, the container, according to this embodiment is modified to have an increased length (L + dL). Other dimensions may be kept constant. Due to this enlargement, the insulating paper, oil, water, and copper catalyst may be added into the container. The copper catalyst quantity may also be increased due to this embodiment of the invention. Similarly, oil quantity may also be increased.

In accordance with another embodiment of this invention, there is provided a first outlet tube (12) extending from the interior of said container, said first outlet tube with a first valve (14) at its outer opening for regulating the outflow of oil from said container.
In accordance with yet another embodiment of this invention, there is provided a second outlet tube (16) extending from the interior of said container, said second outlet tube with a second valve (18) at its outer opening for regulating the outflow of oil from said container.
In accordance with still another embodiment of this invention, there is provided a control means (20) adapted to control parameters for conducting various tests. Typically, the control means is adapted to control speed of rotation of said container, temperature inside said container, pressure inside said container, and the like testing related parameters.
In accordance with an additional embodiment of this invention, there is provided a drive means (22) adapted to angularly displace said container.
Typically, the instrument is adapted to test the following:
• degree of polymerization;
• Furan content of oil;
• Dissolved Gas of the oil (DGA);
• Tan Delta of the oil;
• Resistivity of the oil;
• Inhibitor content of the oil;

Due to the mechanism of the instrument of this invention, the test resuits may be achieved in a shorter time duration, thus providing a report on the health of the insulation. Larger quantities may be simultaneously tested, due to the instrument of this invention.
The instrument of this invention, and its application and use will now be discussed in relation to an exemplary embodiment in which, an oil sample was received for testing in said instrument.
The properties of the oil sample, as given (or specified) were as follows:

SR
No Characteristics Typical Values Remarks

Inhibited Naphthenic type oil —A
(Nynas Nitro Lyra
X) Inhibited Naphthenic type oil -A' (Electrol
I/N42) ! Inhibited Isoparaffinic type oil —B (Electro IH;
1 DGA, ppm Hydrogen -H2 ND ND ND -

Oxygen -02 24128 20103 23911 -

Nitrogen
- N2 60188 63221 61366 -

Methane -CH4 07 09 05 -

Carbon
Monoxide
-CO 01 03 ND

Carbon Dioxide -C02 23 27 11

Ethylene-C2H4 ND ND ND

Ethane -C2H6 ND ND ND -

Acetylene -C2H2 ND ND ND -
2 Furan ppb 0.01 0.013 0.007 -
3 DP units ND ND ND -
4 Tan Delta @90C % 0.005 0.007 0.004 -
5 Resistivity ohms
6 Sludge content % ND ND ND
7 Acid Value KOH/g oil O.07 0.03 0.007 -
8 Inhibitor content % 0.41 0.49 0.26 -
9 RBOT Time, Minutes 343 481 744 -
With insulating Kraft paper in the instrument of the invention, the oil with the above parameters was tested, under the following conditions:
• An of Oil mass - 250 g ± 0.5 was used;
• It was mixed with a volume of Water - 10 mL;
• A copper Catalyst of Appropriate Length of wire 15 Meter to form a coil of OD 48 mm and height 200 mm to give a surface area of 476.7cm2, was placed;
• The rotating bomb, was sealed, and mounted on to the lid in the bath;
• Pressurize the vessel with Oxygen gas to 90psi at 25°C;
• The vessel was rotated to a speed of 100 ± 5 rpm;
• The test Temperature was set to - 140 °C (rose at 2.8°C / psi); and
• The pressure drop observed was by 25 psi or more or sudden drop.

Following were the observed test results:

SR
No Characteristics Typical Values Remarks

Inhibited Naphthenic type oil -A
(Nynas Nitro Lyra
X) Inhibited Naphthenic type oil -A' (Electrol
I/N 42) Inhibited Isoparaffinic type oil —B (Electro IH)
DGA Hydrogen -H2 173 206 58.18 High for
Naphthenic
Oils

Oxygen -02 24128 20103 33911 -
1
Nitrogen
- N2 80188 83221 91366 -

Methane -CH4 497 262 195 High for
Naphthenic Oils

Carbon
Monoxide
-CO 1302 707 536 -

Carbon Dioxide -C02 9412 8901 7334 -

Ethylene-C2H4 ND ND ND -

Ethane -C2H6 ND ND ND -

Acetylene -C2H2 ND ND ND -
2 Furan ppm 3.36 3.02 2.14 Slightly high
3 DP units 274 297 390 Varies
4 Tan Delta @90C % 11.71 12.30 7.012 Varies
5 Resistivity ohms 0.13 0.15 1.17
6 Sludge % 1.19 1.06 0.05

content
7 Acid Value KOH/g oil 3.46 3.013 1.07 Slightly high
8 RBOT Time, minutes 335 472 735 Varies with type of oil
9 Inhibitor Content % 0 0 0 -
Due to the use of this instrument, not only the previous specified samples were tested, but using the same instrument (and associated equipment), and in the same time, additionally insulating paper could also be tested.
A further test was conducted, in which, the a fresh sample of oil (with no prior specified parameters given) was also tested. The following observations were taken:

Parameter IEC - 60296 Inhibited Inhibited Inhibited
Inhibited Naphthenic Naphthenic Isoparaffini
mineral Type Oil A Type Oil A c Type Oil
insulating oil (Nynas (Electro I/N B (Electrol
(LIMITS) Nytro LyraX) 42) IH)
Physical:
- Appearance Clear Clear Clear Clear
- Density, 20 C, 0.895 0.875 0.874 0.830
g/ml
- Viscosity, 40C, 12 max 9.37 10.13 9.11
mm2/s
- Viscosity, -30C 1800 max ~ — ~
mm2/s
- Pour Point, C -40 -51 -45 -45

Chemical:

- Acidity, mg 0.01 0.01 0,01 0.01
KOH/g oil
- Corrosive Non- Non- Non Non
sulpher corrosive corrosive corrosive corrosive
- Corrosive Non- Non- Non Non
Sulphur corrosive corrosive corrosive corrosive
- Corrosive Non- Non- Non Non
Sulphur corrosive corrosive corrosive corrosive
- Total Sulphur No gen ~ - -
Content, % requirement
- Aromatic - 7.4 10.31 7.36
Content, %
- Antioxidant 0.08-0.40 0.41 0.49 0.26
phenols, wt %
- Water Content, 30 max 4 6.0 4.0
mg/kg
- Furfural 0.1 ~ _ —
content, mg/kg
Electrical:
- Dielectric 0.005 max 0.00005 0.00007 0.00004
Dissipation
Factor @90C
- InterfaciaJ No gen 42 40 48
Tension, mN/m requirement
- BDV before 30 50 60 60
treatment,
kVBDV after 70 87 70 75.47
treatment, kV
Oxidation Stability:
At 120 °C for
500Hrs
- Total Acidity, 1.2 max 0.27 0.35 0.048
mg KOH/g oil
- Sludge Content,
%
- DDF at 90°C 0.8 max 0.004 0.0038 0.004

0.5 0.01344 0.0620 0.00066

Health, safety and

environment:
Flash Point, PM, C 135 147 135 158
DMSO extractable - <3 - -
compds, wt Not Not Not Not
PCB Detectable Detectable Detectable Detectable
Therefore, by the use of this instrument and method, a multitude of tests could be performed, within the same time period.

We claim,
1. An instrument for measuring health parameters of the constructional blocks of a transformer, said instrument comprising:
a. container adapted to receive the constructional blocks for testing
purposes, characterized in that, said container having a relatively
increased length in order to simultaneously contain said constructional
block;
b. first outlet tube extending from the interior of said container, said first
outlet tube with a first valve at its outer opening for regulating the
outflow of oil from said container;
c. second outlet tube extending from the interior of said container, said
second outlet tube with a second valve at its outer opening for
regulating the outflow of oil from said container;
d. drive means adapted to angularly displace said container; and
e. control means adapted to control parameters relating to drive means
for conducting various tests.
2. An instrument as claimed in claim 1 wherein, said control means includes speed control means adapted to control speed of said drive means.
3. An instrument as claimed in claim 1 wherein, said control means includes temperature control means adapted to control temperature inside said container.

4. An instrument as claimed in claim 1 wherein, said control means includes pressure control means adapted to pressure inside said container.