Claims:What is claimed is
1. A method of model design of an intelligent cognitive radio sensor node that would be capable of monitoring the surroundings to locate the traces of explosives and sending the information to the nearest cellular base station.
2. A method as recited in claim 1 which comprises of electronic nano nose using array of chemical vapour sensors to detect traces of materials like GAS/ TNT/ Carbon/Sulphur etc. used for explosives is integrated into the cellular phone systems that effectively saves human life from explosion.
3. A method as recited in claim 1 which is capable of utilizing the cellular bands efficiently and enable itself to alter the transmission mode viz., underlay mode and overlay mode depending on channel conditions including power allocated to the particular cellular phone.
4. A method as recited in claim 2 which comprises of a smart power sharing unit that enables the cellular phone system to distribute its total allocated channel power between its GSM/CDMA primary user and CRSN as secondary user for underlay mode of transmission. It would in turn avoid the task of channel sensing for vacant band for overlay mode of transmission.
5. A method as recited in claim 4 which employs an intelligent power bargaining method to set the optimal transmission power for both GSM/CDMA primary user and CRSN secondary user.
6. The method as recited in claim 5 where the hardware architecture can effectively calculate the optimal power with predefined threshold value of QoS according to present value of the link-quality indicator with acceptable delay for real time GSM/CDMA data.
7. A method as recited in claim 2 which is capable of using vacant bands of cellular network when link quality factor of that particular cellular phone is poor. In this case underlay mode of transmission become impossible and overlay mode of transmission is used.
8. A method as recited in claim 7 which comprises of a Spectral Correlation analyzer that efficiently decodes channel sensing information and calculates the features of the spectrum bands.
9. A method as recited in claim 8 is coupled with an intelligent vacant band identifier that searches and effectively finds the presence of vacant bands.
10. A method as recited in claim 9 where the identification mechanism performance of vacant bands is found to be within acceptable limits having very low false alarm rate.
, Description:The most critical issue is to design the knowledge based cognitive radio to achieve the goal of transmission of the secured emergency information without disrupting the cellular phone user. The power sharing unit and the ANN based vacant band identifier plays the imperative role in underlay and overlay mode respectively. ETRS is designed to be embedded in mobile phones. As a consequence it is constrained in power, size and computational complexity. The major constraint of designing such a system is the interference created by CRSN that in turn degrades the transmission of the traffic of GSM/CDMA user.
In one embodiment a customized power sharing unit is designed based on game theory that enables the CRSN to share the spectrum with its own GSM/CDMA user upon satisfying the pre-described threshold levels of QoS. The threshold levels of QoS and fairness factors for both GSM/CDMA user and CRSN are set to initiate the game theory algorithm that reflects their attitude toward fairness at the time of sharing of power Pp (GSM/CDMA user) and Ps (CSRN). The power sharing unit devotes part of the GSM/CDMA user’s power to enhance QoS of the CRSN as it would have high priority level in the emergency situation but at the same time it provides a minimum threshold QoS level to the GSM/CDMA user to sustain the link with base station. The power allocation is adjusted according to the link-quality indicator, bargaining power parameter and utility-satisfaction indicator.
In another embodiment the power sharing unit is implemented onto the Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA). The distribution of power is checked for both GSM/CDMA user and CRSN, based on link power. This hardware architecture is capable of finding the optimal power with acceptable delay. We tested the distances beyond which the system becomes incapable of sharing the power for different link powers allocated to it to operate in underlay mode of transmission and initiate to work in overlay mode of transmission.
In yet another embodiment a spectral correlation analyzer is designed that extracts the features of the GSM/CDMA bands from the channel sensing information. The features are then fed to the ANN based vacant band identifier for training and validation.
In yet another embodiment a trained ANN based intelligent vacant band identifier is tested and implemented onto Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) to facilitate the transmission through vacant bands of GSM/CDMA. The designed hardware architecture effectively detects the vacant bands with low false alarm rate and its performance is found to lie within the acceptable range.
This invention will provide an effective way to control the explosion in crowded area like rail station, airport, shopping mall etc., by utilizing the integrated cellular phone system using cognitive radio sensor node to send emergency sensory alert information to the nearest base station without the knowledge of the cellular phone user.