DESC:FORM 2

THE PATENTS ACT 1970
(Act 39 of 70)
&
The Patent Rules, 2003

COMPLETE SPECIFICATION

(See Section 10 and rule 13)

TITLE OF INVENTION:

AN IOT BASED APPARATUS AND METHOD FOR NON-INVASIVELY MONITORING THE LEVEL OF SUBSTANCES IN CONTAINERS

APPLICANT:

1. (A) Name: XYMA Analytics Private Limited
(B) Nationality: India
(C) Address: B4-01, 4th Floor, B Block, IITM Research Park,
Kanagam, Tharamani, Chennai,
Tamil Nadu 600113

The following specification particularly describes the invention and the
manner in which it is to be performed.

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present disclosure generally relates to fluid level monitoring systems and, more particularly, relates to an IOT based apparatus and a method for non-invasively monitoring the level of substances including fluids, solids, gases in containers using ultrasonic waves.
BACKGROUND
[0002] In general, a fluid level detecting system is utilized to determine a height of a fluid level in a container such as a holding or processing tank. For instance, a determination of a fluid level is required in the case of an underground dispensing system for fuel/ generally in the case of a container for dangerous substances. Many industries (such as the hydrocarbon, pharmaceutical, food and chemical industries) also store fluids in holding or processing tanks. The level of the fluid inside the tank is typically required to determine the quantity delivered or the rate of flow into or out of the tank. In most cases the tank will contain one fluid composition with an air/gas interface; however, it is also possible to have an interface between two stratified fluids with dissimilar densities.
[0003] There are traditional and invasive methods such as dipsticks, tape measures, pressure gauges, and float gauges are available for measuring the fluid interface inside containers include tanks, and cylinders are dipsticks, tape measures, pressure gauges, and float gauges. However, these methods are not only prone to human error, but they also require regular maintenance and manual intervention, making them unreliable and time-consuming.
[0004] Some other conventional methods use Guided Radar (TDR) or Capacitive Probes for measuring the fluid interface inside a holding tank. However, both approaches have their disadvantages. The probes must be in contact with the media. The probe is subject to wear, fouling and deposits which can result in measurement errors. Radar based systems rely on a sharp interface with a minimum required difference in the dielectric constant for a reliable measurement. Capacitive probes have to be calibrated for the media to be measured.
[0005] The fluid level may also be detected by an ultrasonic level measuring system that includes a pair of acoustic transducers. For example, for the purpose of monitoring a fuel tank it determines the fluid level with the aid of an acoustic signal by measurement of ultrasonic pulses with acoustic transducers. An acoustic transducer is an electronic device used to emit and receive sound or acoustic waves or pulses. One type of acoustic transducer is an ultrasonic transducer which converts energy between electrical and acoustic forms of energy. Ultrasonic transducers are used in medical imaging, non-destructive evaluation, and other applications. An interface between two stratified fluids with dissimilar densities has proven to be the most challenging for commercially available ultrasonic level sensors.
[0006] Despite the presence of various ultrasonic level sensing devices in the market, many of these devices were limited in their capabilities. Some devices were only able to monitor non-flammable fluids, while others were limited in their measuring range. In addition, many of these devices lacked a user-friendly interface, making it difficult for users to monitor and manage the data they received. The attachment mechanism used by some devices was also a major drawback, with permanent attachments or screws making it difficult to remove or install the device.
[0007] Some prior arts, the apparatus for measuring fluid level in a container was disclosed, the apparatus includes a transducer in physical contact with the outside of a wall of said container located below the surface of the fluid for generating at least two acoustic resonance responses in the fluid substantially perpendicular to the surface; a sweep generator for electrically exciting the transducer over a chosen range of acoustical frequencies with a chosen waveform, and a receiver for determining the frequencies of the at least two resonant responses. However, there is a need for accurate and cost-effective monitoring of levels of substances not only liquids, solids, gases and also or aerosols in containers, tanks, and cylinders.
SUMMARY
[0008] In an aspect of the present disclosure, an IOT based apparatus and a method for non-invasively monitoring the level of substances in containers using ultrasonic waves in real-time. The apparatus is an IOT based device comprising a robust 2-piece enclosure, a highly advanced electronic unit, a top-of-the-line level sensor, and a plurality of magnets placed on the enclosure. The top-of-the-line level sensor is an ultrasonic transducer. The apparatus monitors a level of fluid in a container by transmitting ultrasonic waves and receiving reflected waves from the liquid-air or solid-air interface. The apparatus provides a portable and plug-in type solution for used for accurately measuring the level of flammable and non-flammable fluids. The plug-in type of apparatus can be easily installed and monitored through a dedicated dashboard, providing real-time data and notifications via email and SMS. This ensures timely and efficient monitoring of fluid levels and location, reducing the risk of leakage or theft and improving supply chain management.

[0009] In an aspect of the present disclosure, an IOT based apparatus for non-invasively monitoring the level of substances in containers in real-time is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a body comprising an upper section and a lower section. The upper section comprises a peripheral wall, a cavity and a top surface having an inner wall and an outer wall, a plurality of magnets integrally mounted on the inner wall of the top surface, an electronic assembly mounted on the lower section of the body and enclosed by the upper section of the body and an ultrasonic transducer mounted on the outer wall of the top surface. The IOT based apparatus is adaptably attached to a bottom wall of a container for monitoring the level of the substance in containers in real-time.

[0010] In an aspect of the present disclosure, a method for non-invasively monitoring the level of substances in containers in real-time by an IOT based apparatus is disclosed. The method comprises calibrating the apparatus with a known level of fluids and determining a calibrated velocity of the fluids, transmitting ultrasonic pulses to the container filled with substance of unknown level, receiving reflected ultrasonic pulses from a fluid-fluid or fluid solid interface in the container, collecting Analog signals of ultrasonic pulses and converting Analog signals of pulses to Digital signals, determining a time of flight (TOF) comprising a time period elapsed between the transmission and reception of ultrasonic waves to and from the container respectively, determining and monitoring level of substance in the container using time of flight (TOF) and the calibrated velocity, determining a percentage of substance level in the container and detecting a real-time location of the container and transmitting a percentage of substance level and the location in real-time to the cloud server or a remote device.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0011] The specification refers to the following appended figures, in which the use of like reference numerals in different figures is intended to illustrate like or analogous components.
[0012] Figure 1 illustrates a schematic of an IOT based apparatus for real-time monitoring of level of substances in containers in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0013] Figure 2 illustrates a top section having magnets attached on a curved surface in accordance with the embodiment of the present disclosure.
[0014] Figures 3 (a) – 3 (b) illustrate a top of view and a front view of the IoT based apparatus in accordance the present disclosure.
[0015] Figures 4 (a) – 4 (b) illustrate A-scans of partially filled and fully filled container obtained using the present system (LeMITS) in accordance with the examples of the present disclosure.
[0016] Figures 5 (a) illustrates a container filled with liquid and the IOT based apparatus for non-invasively monitoring the level of fluid in the container in accordance with the examples of the present disclosure.
[0017] Figures 5 (b) illustrates a graph showing voltage pulses measured by the apparatus in accordance with the examples of the present disclosure.
[0018] Figures 6 illustrates experimental results showing TOF values, level percentage, and fluid level measurements in accordance with another example of the present disclosure.
[0019] Figures 7 (a) illustrate a graph of time and amplitude of the pulse against the distance travelled in accordance with another of the present disclosure.
[0020] Figures 7 (b) illustrate a graph of time of the pulse against the level of fluid in accordance with another of the present disclosure.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0021] In the present disclosure, an IOT based apparatus and method for non-invasively monitoring the level of substances in containers using ultrasonic waves. The apparatus provides a portable and magnetic plug-in type solutions for real-time monitoring of levels of substances, including liquids, gases in various containers, including tanks and cylinders. With the portable apparatus, the installation of the detectors is easier than conventional apparatuss, and the present invention provides a real-time monitoring of level of fluids in containers via a dashboard and provides real-time alerts, data, notifications to users.
[0022] The apparatus of the present disclosure, otherwise called a Level Monitoring IoT System (LeMITS), is a cutting-edge, ultrasonic level sensing device that delivers precise and accurate measurements of fluid levels. The novel design of the apparatus is cost-effective and non-invasive, and thus the apparatus can be an ideal solution for monitoring the level of flammable and non-flammable fluids, as well as the location of the cylinder.
[0023] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, an IOT based apparatus for non-invasively monitoring the level of substances in containers in real-time is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a body comprising an upper section and a lower section. The upper section comprises a peripheral wall, a cavity and a top surface having an inner wall and an outer wall. The apparatus comprises a plurality of magnets integrally mounted on the inner wall of the top surface, an electronic assembly mounted on the lower section of the body and enclosed by the upper section of the body, an ultrasonic transducer mounted on the outer wall of the top surface. The IOT based apparatus is adaptably attached to a bottom wall of a container for monitoring the level of the substance in containers in real-time.
[0024] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the substance may be fluids not only limited to liquids, solids, gases, and aerosols.
[0025] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the upper section further comprises a sensor housing for mounting the ultrasonic transducer on the top surface.
[0026] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the upper section further comprises a curved surface for integrally mounting a plurality of magnets. A plurality of magnets integrally mounted on the curved surface of the inner wall of the upper section. The curved surface of the upper section is adaptably attached externally to one of a curved/contour shape surface and a flat surface of the bottom wall of the container.
[0027] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the outer wall has an inclined surface staring from the curved surface of the upper section towards the peripheral wall.
[0028] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the top section and a bottom section are made in a shape selected from a cylindrical shape, and a cubical shape, and a rectangular shape.
[0029] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, the electronic assembly (140) comprises a plurality of modules, and a battery mounted on a base. The plurality of modules comprises a pulse receiver module for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic pulses, a data acquisition module for collecting Analog signals and for converting Analog signals to Digital signals, a global positioning apparatus module for collecting live location of the device, a digital signal processing module for processing the signals and a communication module for enabling communication of the IOT based apparatus with a remote device or a cloud server over the internet.
[0030] The communication module communicates with a remote device or a cloud server over the internet using a M2M communication protocol.
[0031] The digital signal processing module determines the time of flight (TOF) from the ultrasonic signals and percentage of the substance and the communication module send a percentage data to the cloud server.
[0032] Referring to Figure 1, illustrated is a schematic of an IOT based apparatus for real-time monitoring of level of fluids in containers in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure. The apparatus comprises a robust 2-piece enclosure sections (110, 120), a highly advanced electronic assembly (140), a top-of-the-line level sensor (160), and a plurality of magnets (130). The apparatus comprises a body comprising an upper enclosure section (110) and a lower enclosure section (120). The upper section (110) comprises a peripheral wall (112), a cavity (113) and a top surface (114) having an inner wall (115) and an outer wall (117). The plurality of magnets are strategically placed on the upper enclosure section. The substance may be one of liquid, solids, gases, and aerosols. In one example, such substances comprise water, petrol, diesel, paints, and chemicals including petrochemicals. In further examples, copper sulphate, Floron Refrigerant gas, alumina sold, and refractory materials.
[0033] In an embodiment, the plurality of magnets (130) are integrally mounted on the inner wall (115) of the top surface (114). In a preferred embodiment, seven strategically placed magnets are integrally mounted on the inner wall (115) of the top surface (114).
[0034] In an exemplary embodiment as shown in Figure 1, the electronic assembly (140) mounted on the lower section (120) of the body and enclosed by the upper section (110) of the body and a top-of-the-line level sensor (160) mounted on the outer wall (117) of the top surface (114).
[0035] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the top-of-the-line level sensor is an ultrasonic transducer. A piezo electric ultrasonic transducer is used in the present invention. The Piezo electric ultrasonic transducer generates Longitudinal mode of waves in a frequency in a range of 500kHz to 5MHz frequency, and preferably in the range of 1MHz to 2MHz for the present invention.
[0036] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the upper section (110) further comprises a curved surface for integrally mounting a plurality of magnets (130). Referring to Figure 2, illustrated is the upper enclosure section having a plurality of magnets attached on a curved surface in accordance with the embodiment of the present disclosure. The top part of the apparatus is engineered to mount seamlessly on any cylinder, container, or tank, and the carefully selected magnets are designed to perfectly match the required pressure for the sensor to transmit ultrasonic pulses with exceptional accuracy. The top curved surface of the enclosure, equipped with the magnets, provides a hybrid attachment design that can be attached to both curved and flat surfaces. The upper section (110) further comprises a sensor housing (150) for mounting the ultrasonic transducer (160) on the top surface (114). Further, the outer wall (117) has an inclined surface starting from the curved surface (180) of the upper section towards the peripheral wall.
[0037] In the embodiments of the present disclosure, the plurality of magnets may be adaptably mounted on the curved surface of the upper enclosure section and these magnets serve a practical and versatile purpose in holding the transducer to the target material without causing damage to the containers. Such magnetic holding provides several benefits, including ease of detachment and reusability. Further, these magnets ensure a non-destructive attachment, allowing for easy detachment, relocation, and reuse of the sensor, while also preserving the integrity of the target containers.
[0038] Figures 3 (a) – 3 (b) illustrate a top of view and a front view of the IoT based apparatus in accordance the present disclosure. The top view clearly shows the curved surface (180) integrally made on the peripheral wall on the top surface. The curved surface (180) or contour shape of the upper section (110) is adaptably attached externally to one of a curved and a flat surface of a container thereby aligning the ultrasonic transducer parallel to the level of the fluid. Whether on curved or flat surfaces, it is always critical for obtaining accurate and consistent measurements. However, the curved surface of the upper section (110) ensures that ultrasonic waves travel straight to and from the fluid surface, minimizing errors caused by the angle of incidence and contributing to the reliability of the level measurement apparatus. For example, the container may have a flat bottom surface. The flat surface of the container may make a contact with a flat surface of the ultrasonic transducer that may be protruded from the curved surface of the upper section. In another example, the container may have a contour shape at the bottom and the curved or contour shape of the upper section (110) is attached externally with the contour shape at the bottom of the container, the ultrasonic transducer may be pushed inside the sensor housing so that to completely accommodate the container bottom at the contour shape of the upper section (110).
[0039] The electronic assembly (140) of the apparatus has a plurality of essential modules, comprising a pulse receiver module for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic pulses through the container, a data acquisition module for collecting Analog signals of ultrasonic and for converting Analog signals to Digital signals for level measurements, and a digital signal processing module for processing the signals and a communication module for enabling communication of the apparatus with a remote device or a cloud server. In an embodiment, the digital signal processing module determines the time of flight from the signals and a percentage of level, and the communication module sends the percentage data to the cloud server. The plurality of essential modules comprises a global positioning system (GPS) module for collecting/detecting live location of the apparatus. The pulse receiver may be customized based on the thickness of the fluids in the container and suitable low power high gain electronics may be used for pulse receiver.
[0040] The ultrasonic transducer is placed on top of the upper enclosure section ensuring visibility for efficient level sensing. In the present invention, the ultrasonic transducer is directly attached to the level sensing containers using ultrasonically coupled gel or epoxies for optimizing the transmission of ultrasonic waves. This method of placement is designed to enhance energy transfer, minimize signal loss, and improve the overall performance and accuracy of the ultrasonic level sensing apparatus. Thus, direct attachment of transducer enables maximum energy transfer, avoids acoustic Mismatch, enhances Signal Integrity, and optimizes Energy Transmission.
[0041] In another embodiment of the present disclosure, a method for non-invasively monitoring the level of substances in containers in real-time by an IOT based apparatus is disclosed. The IOT based apparatus is adaptably attached externally to a bottom wall of a container. The method comprises calibrating the apparatus with a known level of fluids and determining a calibrated velocity of the fluids, transmitting ultrasonic pulses to the container filled with substance of unknown level, receiving reflected ultrasonic pulses from a fluid-fluid or fluid solid interface in the container, collecting Analog signals of ultrasonic pulses and converting Analog signals of pulses to Digital signals, determining a time of flight (TOF) comprising a time period elapsed between the transmission and reception of ultrasonic waves to and from the container respectively, determining and monitoring level of substance in the container using time of flight (TOF) and the calibrated velocity, determining a percentage of substance level in the container and detecting a real-time location of the container and transmitting a percentage of substance level and the location in real-time to the cloud server or a remote device.
[0042] Initially, the apparatus is calibrated with a known level of fluid and an unknown velocity of fluid is determined. A time of flight (TOF) comprising a time period elapsed between the transmission and reception of ultrasonic waves to and from the container respectively for the known level of fluid is determined. Based on the time of flight (TOF) and the known level of the fluid, the unknown fluid velocity is determined by using the following equation.
unknown fluid velocity= (2*level of fluid)/TOF
[0043] The unknown fluid velocity is used as a calibrated velocity in determining unknown levels of substances including liquids, gases, and aerosols. The calibration process ensures the proper determination of level measurements of various substances in the container. In an example, the calibration process may be done using a known level (80%) of water. The level of fluid in the container is determined by using the calibrated velocity and the obtained TOF, using the following relationship/equation:
level of fluid = [calibrated velocity*TOF]/2
[0044] This calibrated approach is crucial for compensating for variations in the speed of sound caused by changes in temperature, pressure, or the composition of the fluid. Further, a percentage of fluid level is determined by comparing the TOF value determined for the empty container and the actual fluid level measured using the above equation. The percentage data may be transmitted to a remote device for further monitoring.
[0045] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, the IOT apparatus has a diameter in a range of 80 mm to 100 mm and a height in a range of 40 mm to 50 mm. The IOT apparatus measures the level of substances in a range of 30 mm to 130 mm. The container typically has a height of a general container in railways, transportation vehicles, tanks, and cylinders, with a range of 130 mm to 200 cm.
[0046] In an embodiment of the present disclosure, using the level of fluid and the dimensions of the container, the volume of fluid inside the container can also be measured.
[0047] In an embodiment, the method further comprises of powering the IOT based apparatus and charging the battery of the apparatus using a self-energized IOT technique. Thus, the apparatus itself a self-powered apparatus that charges itself with energy from its surroundings, means a service-free solution. Depending on the surroundings, energy can be harvested from many sources, such as light, movement, heat, magnetic and electrical fields. In another embodiment, the apparatus may be powered serially through USB interface, or known methods of powering and charging such as micro-USB, C-type and conventional DC charging or powering technologies.
[0048] In an embodiment, the ultrasonic pulses pass through a bottom wall of the container, made of a metal, and the substance inside the container, get reflected back from the top wall and pass again through a bottom wall to reach the apparatus. The apparatus monitors a level of fluid in a container by transmitting ultrasonic waves and receiving reflected waves from the liquid-air or solid-air interface. The time elapsed between emission and reception or TOF is used to determine a fluid level, providing real-time data to the electronic unit of the apparatus.
[0049] The electronic unit/assembly may use M2M communication protocol to transmit the information to a remote device or a cloud server. Along with the remote devices, a system may be formed, and the system is configured to provide a dedicated dashboard, custom-designed for supply chain management, offering a user-friendly graphical interface for installation with one click and tailored to the needs of different users. The dashboard offers a range of features, including a mobile app for 24/7 monitoring, real-time notifications via email and SMS, and secure data import or export using powerful API. The dashboard also enables the generation of reports in various formats, making the system a versatile and indispensable tool for monitoring and managing fluid levels.
[0050] Referring to Figures 4 (a) – 4 (b), illustrated are A-scans of partially filled and fully filled container obtained using the present system (LeMITS) in accordance with the examples of the present disclosure. From the A-scans of partially filled and fully filled container, a change in TOF value of liquid- air interface was observed. The change in the TOF value of liquid- air interface is calibrated to percentage values and then the level of fluid in the container is determined. With the present apparatus, fluid level ranging from 5 cm to 200cm is determined.
[0051] To validate the present apparatus, experiments were performed using the present IOT apparatus for various unknown levels of fluids, and various parameters including TOF, change in time/mm (µsec/mm), percentage of levels are determined. In the example of the present disclosure, water is used for determining the level of fluids. Figures 5 (a) illustrates a container filled with liquid (water) and the IOT based apparatus attached on the bottom wall for non-invasively monitoring the level of fluid in the container in accordance with the examples of the present disclosure. Figures 5 (b) illustrates a graph showing voltage pulses measured by the apparatus in accordance with the examples of the present disclosure. These voltage pulses show the + 4 v to -4 V range, that are tracked from the receipt ultrasonic pulses by the pulse receiver from time to time.
[0052] Figures 6 illustrates experimental results showing determined TOF values, level percentage, and fluid level measurements in accordance with another example of the present disclosure. From the results, it is observed that as the level decreases the obtained TOF values also decrease, however the change in the time/mm (µsec/mm) is almost equal in all fluid levels.
[0053] Figures 7 (a) illustrate a graph of time and amplitude of the pulse against the distance travelled in accordance with another of the present disclosure. Figures 7 (b) illustrate a graph of time of the pulse against the level of fluid in accordance with another of the present disclosure.
[0054] The present disclosure provides a portable, IOT based MAGNETIC plug-in type device for monitoring fluid level in real-time in containers. The apparatus provides a non-invasive solution for level and location tracking. The integrated electronic unit with M2M communication protocol and dedicated dashboard provides 24/7 monitoring, real-time notifications via email and SMS. The apparatus of the present invention is a cost-Effective solution and is safe to use in measuring fluid level of flammable fluids.
[0055] Further, the apparatus can also be used for tracking location for supply chain management, cylinder/ container health monitoring and thickness measurements.
[0056] The present invention can be used for monitoring substances which shows good conduction with the use of ultrasonic waves. Generally, not all materials are equally conducive to transmitting ultrasonic waves. Materials like water, petrol, diesel, paints, and certain chemicals are generally good conductors of ultrasonic waves. These substances allow the waves to propagate through them, and the measurements can be taken accurately. Such property of these materials makes ultrasonic measurement a versatile tool in various applications such as level sensing, flow measurement, and quality control in industries like manufacturing, pharmaceuticals, and petrochemicals. However, when it comes to materials like rubber or other ultrasonically dampened materials, the situation changes. These materials have characteristics that impede the transmission of ultrasonic waves. Rubber, for instance, has a high attenuation coefficient, meaning it absorbs and dissipates the ultrasonic energy, preventing the waves from passing through effectively.
[0057] Further, it is observed that the accuracy and reliability of ultrasonic level measurements are influenced by various factors, including the materials being measured, their properties, the selected ultrasonic frequency, and the location where the sensors are placed. Considering these factors, when the level is at 100%, a ±5-10% change in the level indication is relatively common for liquids and for solids it will be lesser. However, when dealing with gases, the challenges associated with their lower density and potential for variations in composition may lead to a higher level of uncertainty. This increased uncertainty can result in a broader percentage range, potentially extending up to 15% for gases.
[0058] Thus, the present invention solves provides a solution by providing the Level Monitoring IoT System (LeMITS) for the need for accurate and cost-effective monitoring of fluid levels in various containers, including tanks and cylinders. The present solution may also be used in certain closed pipe systems. The traditional methods of monitoring fluid levels are either manual or require the installation of invasive sensors, which can be expensive and pose a safety hazard when used in flammable fluids.
[0059] The system of the present disclosure (LeMITS) solves this problem by using non-invasive ultrasonic technology to accurately measure the level of flammable and non-flammable fluids. The compact and plug-in type device can be easily installed and monitored through a dedicated dashboard, providing real-time data and notifications via email and SMS. This ensures timely and efficient monitoring of fluid levels and location, reducing the risk of leakage or theft and improving supply chain management. Overall, the system of the present disclosure, LeMITS, is an accurate, cost-effective, and safe fluid level monitoring technology that can serve a variety of purposes, such as cylinder/container health monitoring and tracking of live locations. Further, the present apparatus and system is useful in industrial applications including measurement of level of water and oil in railways, level measurements in oil and gas transportation vehicles and chemical industries.
,CLAIMS:We Claim:
1. An IOT based apparatus (100) for non-invasively monitoring the level of substances in containers in real-time, comprising:
a body comprising an upper section (110) and a lower section (120), wherein the upper section (110) comprises:
a peripheral wall (112);
a cavity (113) and
a top surface (114) having an inner wall (115) and an outer wall (117);
a plurality of magnets (130) integrally mounted on the inner wall (115) of the top surface (114);
an electronic assembly (140) mounted on the lower section (120) of the body and enclosed by the upper section (110) of the body; and
an ultrasonic transducer (160) mounted on the outer wall (117) of the top surface (114);
wherein the IOT based apparatus is adaptably attached to a bottom wall of a container for monitoring the level of the substance in containers in real-time.

2. The IOT based apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the substance comprises one of liquid, solids, gases, and aerosols, wherein the substance comprises water, petrol, diesel, paints, and petrochemicals, copper sulphate, Floron Refrigerant gas, alumina sold, and refractory materials.
3. The IOT based apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper section (110) further comprises a sensor housing (150) for mounting the ultrasonic transducer (160) on the top surface (114).
4. The IOT based apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the upper section (110) further comprises a curved surface (180) for integrally mounting a plurality of magnets (130).
5. The IOT based apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein a plurality of magnets (130) integrally mounted on the curved surface (180) of the inner wall of the upper section (110).
6. The IOT based apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein the curved surface (180) of the upper section (110) is adaptably attached to one of a curved/contour shape surface and a flat surface of a container.
7. The IOT based apparatus as claimed in claim 4, wherein the outer wall (117) has an inclined surface from the curved surface (180) of the upper section towards the peripheral wall.
8. The IOT based apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the top section (110) and a bottom section (120) are made in a shape selected from a cylindrical shape, and a cubical shape, and a rectangular shape.
9. The IOT based apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electronic assembly (140) comprises a plurality of modules, and a battery mounted on a base.
10. The IOT based apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein the plurality of modules comprises:
a pulse receiver module for transmitting and receiving ultrasonic pulses;
a data acquisition module for collecting Analog signals and for converting Analog signals to Digital signals;
a global positioning system (GPS) module for detecting live location of the apparatus;
a digital signal processing module for processing the signals; and
a communication module for enabling communication of the IOT based apparatus with a remote device or a cloud server over the internet.
11. The IOT based apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the communication module communicates with a remote device or a cloud server over the internet using a M2M communication protocol.
12. The IOT based apparatus as claimed in claim 1, wherein the digital signal processing module determines the time of flight (TOF) from the ultrasonic signals and percentage of the substance and the communication module send a percentage data to the cloud server.
13. A method for non-invasively monitoring the level of substances in containers in real-time by an IOT based apparatus (100), the IOT based apparatus is adaptably attached to a bottom wall of a container, the method comprising:
calibrating the apparatus with a known level of fluids and determining a calibrated velocity of the fluids;
transmitting ultrasonic pulses to the container filled with substance;
receiving reflected ultrasonic pulses from a fluid-fluid or fluid solid interface in the container;
collecting Analog signals of ultrasonic pulses of transmission and reception and converting Analog signals to Digital signals;
determining a time of flight (TOF) comprising a time period elapsed between the transmission and reception of ultrasonic waves to and from the container respectively;
determining and monitoring level of substance in the container using time of flight (TOF) and the calibrated velocity;
determining a percentage of substance level in the container and detecting a real-time location of the container;
transmitting a percentage of substance level and the location in real-time to a cloud server or a remote device.
14. The method as claimed in claim 13, wherein the method comprises one of powering the IOT based apparatus and charging the battery using a self-energized IOT technique.
15. The method as claimed in claim 13, wherein the ultrasonic pulses pass through a bottom wall of the container and the substance inside the container, get reflected back from the top wall and pass again through a bottom wall to reach the apparatus.