Claims:WE CLAIM:

1. An IoT based forest and wildlife conservation system (100), said system (100) comprising:
a plurality of field sensing devices (102) disposed in different zones of a forest area, each of said sensing devices (102) including:
a plurality of sensors (104) configured to sense various parameters associated with the condition of said forest zone, and further configured to generate a sensed data based on said sensed parameters;
an image capturing unit (106) configured to capture images of said forest zone in real-time and generate a corresponding live image data stream;
an image processing unit (108) configured to cooperate with said image capturing unit (106) to receive said live image data stream, and further configured to process said received image data stream to differentiate human movement from random animal movement in said field; and
a communication module (110) configured to cooperate with said sensors (104) and said image processing unit (108) to receive and transmit said sensed data and processed image data stream,
a server (112) communicatively coupled to said field sensing devices (102) and configured to receive said sensed data and said processed image data stream from each of said field sensing devices (102), said server (112) comprising:
a repository (114) configured to store a pre-defined list of zone parameters, a pre-defined threshold values corresponding to each of said parameters and a pre-defined set of monitoring rules; and
a monitoring unit (116) configured to:
analyse the received sensed data based on said stored pre-defined threshold values to detect abnormal field conditions;
analyse said received image data stream to detect human intruders into said forest field based on said pre-defined set of monitoring rules; and
generate an alert signal to notify the forest officials when the abnormal condition or human intrusion is detected.

wherein said plurality of sensors (104), said image capturing unit (106), said image processing unit (108), said communication module (110), said server (112), and said monitoring unit (116) are implemented using one or more processor(s).

2. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said monitoring unit (110) include:

a first analyzer (118) configured to receive said sensed data and further configured to analyze said sensed data based on said pre-defined threshold values;
a second analyzer (200) configured to receive image data and further configured to analyze received image data to monitor human intruders in said forest field; and
an alerting unit (220) configured to generate an alert signal so that the forest officials can verify and take action based on said monitoring and analysis.

3. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein said sensors (104) are selected from the group consisting of smoke sensor, temperature sensor, motion sensor and sound sensor.

4. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein said image capturing unit (106) is selected from the group consisting of a still camera, IP camera, a 3D camera, an infrared camera, an image capturing sensor, a digital camera, and a CCD camera.

5. The system (100) as claimed in claim 1, wherein said communication module is a Long Range (LoRa) communication module.

6. An IoT-based method (200) for forest and wildlife conservation, said method (202) comprising the following steps:

• sensing (202), by a plurality of sensors (104), various parameters associated with the condition of said forest zone;
• generating (204), by said plurality of sensors (102), a sensed data based on said sensed parameters;
• capturing (206), by an image capturing unit (106), images of said forest zone in real-time;
• generating (208), by said image capturing unit (106), corresponding live image data stream;
• receiving (210), by a image processing unit (108), said live image data stream;
• processing (212), by said image processing unit (108), said received image data stream to differentiate human movement from random animal movement in said field;
• receiving and transmitting (214), by a communication module (110), said sensed data and processed image data stream;
• receiving (216), by a server (112), said sensed data and said processed image data stream;
• storing (218), by a repository (114), a pre-defined list of zone parameters, a pre-defined threshold values corresponding to each of said parameters and a pre-defined set of monitoring rules;
• analyzing (220), by a monitoring unit (114), the received sensed data based on said stored pre-defined threshold values to detect abnormal field conditions;
• analyzing (222), by said monitoring unit (114), received image data stream to detect human intruders into said forest field based on said pre-defined set of monitoring rules; and
• generating (224), by said monitoring unit (114), an alert signal to notify the forest officials when the abnormal condition or human intrusion is detected.
, Description:THE FOLLOWING SPECIFICATION PARTICULARLY DESCRIBES THE INVENTION AND THE MANNER IN WHICH IT IS TO BE PERFORMED.

FIELD
The present disclosure generally relates to forest and wildlife conservation. More particularly, the present disclosure relates to an IoT based forest and wildlife conservation system and a method thereof.
BACKGROUND
The background information herein below relates to the present disclosure but is not necessarily prior art.
Nowadays it is difficult to monitor and detect human intruders entering in the forest and closely watch their activities to conserve forest and wildlife from endangered species. Further, it is also difficult to differentiate human intruders from random animal movement in the forest. Further, many attempts have been made to transmit the data using Wi-Fi or cellular modes, but these turn out to be harder to transmit for longer ranges, hence requiring repeaters while also consuming more power.
Thus, there is felt a need to provide an IoT based forest and wildlife conservation system and a method thereof which improves the security of wildlife and forest conservation and alleviates the above-mentioned drawbacks.
OBJECTS
Some of the objects of the present disclosure, which at least one embodiment herein satisfies, are as follows:
It is an object of the present disclosure to ameliorate one or more problems of the prior art or to at least provide a useful alternative.
An object of the present disclosure is to provide an IoT-based forest and wildlife conservation system.
Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a system that minimizes difficulties faced by forest officials.
Still another object of the present disclosure is to provide a system that provides transmission of data over long range without the use of multiple repeaters.
Another object of the present disclosure is to provide a system that detects faces to differentiate human intruders from random animal movement in the forest.
Yet another object of the present disclosure is to provide a system that detects the intruders entering and closely watch their activities.
Other objects and advantages of the present disclosure will be more apparent from the following description, which is not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
SUMMARY
The present disclosure envisages an IoT-based forest and wildlife conservation system. The system comprises a plurality of field sensing devices, a plurality of sensors, an image capturing unit, an image processing unit, a communication module, a server, a repository, and a monitoring unit.

The plurality of field sensing devices disposed in different zones of a forest area.

The plurality of field sensing devices includes the plurality of sensors, the image capturing unit, the image processing unit, and the communication module.

The plurality of sensors configured to sense various parameters associated with the condition of the forest zone. The plurality of sensors further configured to generate a sensed data based on the sensed parameters.

In an embodiment, the sensors are selected from the group consisting of smoke sensor, temperature sensor, motion sensor and sound sensor.

The image capturing unit configured to capture images of the forest zone in real-time and generate a corresponding live image data stream.

In an embodiment, the image capturing unit is selected from the group consisting of a still camera, IP camera, a 3D camera, an infrared camera, an image capturing sensor, a digital camera, and a CCD camera.

The image processing unit configured to cooperate with the image capturing unit to receive the live image data stream. The image processing unit further configured to process the received image data stream to differentiate human movement from random animal movement in the field.

The communication module configured to cooperate with the sensors and the image processing unit to receive and transmit the sensed data and processed image data stream.

In an embodiment, the communication module is a Long Range (LoRa) communication module.

The server communicatively coupled to the field sensing devices and configured to receive the sensed data and the processed image data stream from each of the field sensing devices. The server comprising the repository, and the monitoring unit.

The repository configured to store a pre-defined list of zone parameters, a pre-defined threshold values corresponding to each of the parameters and a pre-defined set of monitoring rules.

The monitoring unit configured to analyse the received sensed data based on the stored pre-defined threshold values to detect abnormal field conditions. The monitoring unit further configured to analyse the received image data stream to detect human intruders into the forest field based on the pre-defined set of monitoring rules. The monitoring unit generate an alert signal to notify the forest officials when the abnormal condition or human intrusion is detected.

The monitoring unit include a first analyzer, a second analyzer, and an alerting unit. The first analyzer configured to receive the sensed data and further configured to analyze the sensed data based on the pre-defined threshold values. The second analyzer configured to receive image data and further configured to analyze received image data to monitor human intruders in the forest field. The alerting unit configured to generate an alert signal so that the forest officials can verify and take action based on the monitoring and analysis.

The plurality of sensors, the image capturing unit, the image processing unit, the communication module, the server, and the monitoring unit are implemented using one or more processor(s).

The present disclosure envisages an IoT-based method for forest and wildlife conservation. The steps comprise:
• sensing, by a plurality of sensors, various parameters associated with the condition of the forest zone;
• generating, by the plurality of sensors, a sensed data based on the sensed parameters;
• capturing, by an image capturing unit, images of the forest zone in real-time;
• generating, by the image capturing unit, corresponding live image data stream;
• receiving, by a image processing unit, the live image data stream;
• processing, by the image processing unit, the received image data stream to differentiate human movement from random animal movement in the field;
• receiving and transmitting, by a communication module, the sensed data and processed image data stream;
• receiving, by a server, the sensed data and the processed image data stream;
• storing, by a repository, a pre-defined list of zone parameters, a pre-defined threshold values corresponding to each of the parameters and a pre-defined set of monitoring rules;
• analyzing, by a monitoring unit, the received sensed data based on the stored pre-defined threshold values to detect abnormal field conditions;
• analyzing, by the monitoring unit, received image data stream to detect human intruders into the forest field based on the pre-defined set of monitoring rules; and
• generating, by the monitoring unit, an alert signal to notify the forest officials when the abnormal condition or human intrusion is detected.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF ACCOMPANYING DRAWING
An IoT-based forest and wildlife conservation system and a method thereof, of the present disclosure will now be described with the help of the accompanying drawing, in which:
Figure 1 illustrates a block diagram of an IoT-based forest and wildlife conservation system, in accordance with the present disclosure; and

Figure 2 illustrates steps involved in an IoT-based method for forest and wildlife conservation system, in accordance with the present disclosure.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMERALS USED IN DETAILED DESCRIPTION AND DRAWING
100 System
102 plurality of field sensing devices
104 plurality of sensors
106 image capturing unit
108 image processing unit
110 communication module
112 Server
114 Repository
116 monitoring unit
118 first analyzer
200 second analyzer
220 alerting unit
DETAILED DESCRIPTION
Embodiments, of the present disclosure, will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Embodiments are provided so as to thoroughly and fully convey the scope of the present disclosure to the person skilled in the art. Numerous details are set forth, relating to specific components, and methods, to provide a complete understanding of embodiments of the present disclosure. It will be apparent to the person skilled in the art that the details provided in the embodiments should not be construed to limit the scope of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, well-known processes, well-known apparatus structures, and well-known techniques are not described in detail.
The terminology used, in the present disclosure, is only for the purpose of explaining a particular embodiment and such terminology shall not be considered to limit the scope of the present disclosure. As used in the present disclosure, the forms "a,” "an," and "the" may be intended to include the plural forms as well, unless the context clearly suggests otherwise. The terms "comprises," "comprising," “including,” and “having,” are open ended transitional phrases and therefore specify the presence of stated features, elements, modules, units and/or components, but do not forbid the presence or addition of one or more other features, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.
When an element is referred to as being "mounted on," “engaged to,” "connected to," or "coupled to" another element, it may be directly on, engaged, connected or coupled to the other element. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed elements.
The terms first, second, third, etc., should not be construed to limit the scope of the present disclosure as the aforementioned terms may be only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another component, region, layer or section. Terms such as first, second, third etc., when used herein do not imply a specific sequence or order unless clearly suggested by the present disclosure.
Terms such as “inner,” “outer,” "beneath," "below," "lower," "above," "upper," and the like, may be used in the present disclosure to describe relationships between different elements as depicted from the figures.

An IoT-based forest and wildlife conservation system and a method thereof, is now being described with reference to Figure 1 through Figure 2.

Referring to Figure 1, an IoT-based forest and wildlife conservation system (100) (hereinafter referred as “system”) comprises a plurality of field sensing devices (102), a plurality of sensors (104), an image capturing unit (106), an image processing unit (108), a communication module (110), a server (112), a repository (114), and a monitoring unit (116).

The plurality of field sensing devices (102) disposed in different zones of a forest area, each of the sensing devices (102) including a plurality of sensors (104), an image capturing unit (106), an image processing unit (108), a communication module (110) .

The plurality of sensors (104) configured to sense various parameters associated with the condition of the forest zone. The plurality of sensors (104) further configured to generate a sensed data based on the sensed parameters.

In an embodiment, the sensors (104) are selected from the group consisting of smoke sensor, temperature sensor, motion sensor and sound sensor.

The image capturing unit (106) configured to capture images of the forest zone in real-time and generate a corresponding live image data stream.

In an embodiment, the image capturing unit (106) is selected from the group consisting of a still camera, IP camera, a 3D camera, an infrared camera, an image capturing sensor, a digital camera, and a CCD camera.

The image processing unit (108) configured to cooperate with the image capturing unit (106) to receive the live image data stream. The image processing unit (108) further configured to process the received image data stream to differentiate human movement from random animal movement in the field.

The communication module (110) configured to cooperate with the sensors (104) and the image processing unit (108) to receive and transmit the sensed data and processed image data stream.

In an embodiment, the communication module is a Long Range (LoRa) communication module.

The server (112) communicatively coupled to the field sensing devices (104) and configured to receive the sensed data and the processed image data stream from each of the field sensing devices (104). The server (112) comprising a repository (114), and a monitoring unit (116).

The repository (114) configured to store a pre-defined list of zone parameters, a pre-defined threshold values corresponding to each of the parameters and a pre-defined set of monitoring rules.

The monitoring unit (116) configured to analyse the received sensed data based on the stored pre-defined threshold values to detect abnormal field conditions. The monitoring unit (116) further configured to analyse the received image data stream to detect human intruders into the forest field based on the pre-defined set of monitoring rules. The monitoring unit (116) generate an alert signal to notify the forest officials when the abnormal condition or human intrusion is detected.

The monitoring unit (110) include a first analyzer (118), a second analyzer (200), and an alerting unit (220).

The first analyzer (118) configured to receive the sensed data and further configured to analyze the sensed data based on the pre-defined threshold values.

The second analyzer (200) configured to receive image data and further configured to analyze received image data to monitor human intruders in the forest field.

The alerting unit (220) configured to generate an alert signal so that the forest officials can verify and take action based on the monitoring and analysis.

Figure 2 illustrates steps of an IoT-based method (200) for forest and wildlife conservation. The method comprises:

• Step 202: sensing, by a plurality of sensors (104), various parameters associated with the condition of the forest zone;
• Step 204: generating, by the plurality of sensors (102), a sensed data based on the sensed parameters;
• Step 206: capturing, by an image capturing unit (106), images of the forest zone in real-time;
• Step 208: generating, by the image capturing unit (106), corresponding live image data stream;
• Step 210: receiving, by a image processing unit (108), the live image data stream;
• Step 212: processing, by the image processing unit (108), the received image data stream to differentiate human movement from random animal movement in the field;
• Step 214: receiving and transmitting, by a communication module (110), the sensed data and processed image data stream;
• Step 216: receiving, by a server (112), the sensed data and the processed image data stream;
• Step 218: storing, by a repository (114), a pre-defined list of zone parameters, a pre-defined threshold values corresponding to each of the parameters and a pre-defined set of monitoring rules;
• Step 220: analyzing, by a monitoring unit (114), the received sensed data based on the stored pre-defined threshold values to detect abnormal field conditions;
• Step 222: analyzing, by the monitoring unit (114), received image data stream to detect human intruders into the forest field based on the pre-defined set of monitoring rules; and
• Step 224: generating, by the monitoring unit (114), an alert signal to notify the forest officials when the abnormal condition or human intrusion is detected.
The plurality of sensors (104), the image capturing unit (106), the image processing unit (108), the communication module (110), the server (112), and the monitoring unit (116) are implemented using one or more processor(s) are implemented using one or more processor(s).
In an embodiment, the present system (100) provides following new use and improvement to an existing product.
o Uses temperature and smoke sensors to detect potential forest fires.
o Uses Lora technology to transmit data over long range without the use of multiple repeaters.
o Uses image processing to detect human intruders.
In an embodiment, the present system (100) provides a feasibility study to develop a solution for timely detection and prevention of unauthorized axing/ chopping-off trees and illegal poaching, or natural/ manmade disasters like fire, providing a sustainable solution.
The system aims to monitor and detect the intruders entering and closely watch their activities.The officers with the advantage of having live data always can take any immediate action before situations gets out of hand.
The Forest and Wildlife Unit will have the different specific sensors that collect data relating to motion, temperature, sound, and smoke and store it into the database using LoRa technology. An alert is generated which could be correlated to a possible incident of forest fire, intrusion, etc. at the next level such marked incidents can be verified and acted upon by forest officials.
In an embodiment, the present system uses LoRa (Long Range) which is a mode of transmitting signals from our sensors that monitor the forest and to the base station. We use LoRa as it’s main advantages are,
? Has less power consumption
? Can transmit data over long ranges without the need for repeaters
? Can transmit millions of messages to the base station
? Low bandwidth
? Requires very minimum operating and maintenance costs.
In an embodiment, deforestation also affects the animals. 80% of the Earth’s terrestrial animals and terrestrial plants live in the forests, and deforestation especially threatens the endangered species such as the Spider monkey, Sumatran tiger, etc.
Smuggling of the trees such as sandal, Teak, etc; is growing in numbers. This invention provides a feasibility study to develop a solution for timely detection and prevention of unauthorized axing/ chopping-off of trees and illegal poaching, which would indirectly monitor the health and growth of trees and wildlife.
In an embodiment, the present system (100) provides a feasibility study to develop a solution for timely detection and prevention of unauthorized axing/ chopping-off of trees and illegal poaching, which would indirectly monitor the health and growth of trees and wildlife, thereby contributing to the social goal of conserving forests and protecting flora and fauna; providing a sustainable solution.
In an embodiment, the present system (100) can be commercially used in cash crop forests to prevent smuggling.

The processors disclosed herein may be general-purpose processors, Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), and/or the like. The processors may be configured to retrieve data from and/or write data to a memory/repository. The memory/repository can be for example, a random access memory (RAM), a memory buffer, a hard drive, a database, an erasable programmable read only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read only memory (EEPROM), a read only memory (ROM), a flash memory, a hard disk, a floppy disk, cloud storage, and/or so forth.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for purposes of illustration and not intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Individual components of a particular embodiment are generally not limited to that particular embodiment, but, are interchangeable. Such variations are not to be regarded as a departure from the present disclosure, and all such modifications are considered to be within the scope of the present disclosure.
TECHNICAL ADVANCES AND ECONOMICAL SIGNIFICANCE
The present disclosure described herein above has several technical advantages including, but not limited to, the realization of an IoT-based forest and wildlife conservation system and a method thereof:
• minimizes difficulties faced by forest officials;
• transmission of data over long range without the use of multiple repeaters;
• detects faces to differentiate human intruders from random animal movement in the forest; and
• detects the intruders entering and closely watch their activities.
One of the objects of the Patent Laws is to provide protection to new technologies in all fields and domain of technologies. The new technologies shall or may contribute to the country’s economic growth by way of involvement of new efficient and quality method or product manufacturing in India.
Protection of new technologies by patenting them contributes significantly in innovation development of the country. Further, using a patent, the patentee can contribute to manufacturing the new product or employ new process of manufacturing by himself or by technology collaboration or through the licensing.
The applicant submits that the present disclosure will contribute to country’s economy, which is one of the purposes to enact the Patents Act, 1970. The product in accordance with present invention will be in great demand in country and worldwide due to its novel technical features. The present invention provides a technical advancement in monitoring and detecting human intruders to conserver forest and wildlife. The technology in accordance with present disclosure will provide a cheaper device which is wearable in nature, which will directly contribute to economy of the country. The product is developed in the national interest and will contribute to the country’s economy.
The economic significance details requirement may be called during the examination. Only after filing of this Patent application, the applicant can work publicly related to present disclosure product/process/method. The applicant will disclose all the details related to the economic significance contribution after the protection of invention.
The foregoing description of the specific embodiments so fully reveals the general nature of the embodiments herein that others can, by applying current knowledge, readily modify and/or adapt for various applications such specific embodiments without departing from the generic concept, and, therefore, such adaptations and modifications should and are intended to be comprehended within the meaning and range of equivalents of the disclosed embodiments. It is to be understood that the phraseology or terminology employed herein is for the purpose of description and not of limitation. Therefore, while the embodiments herein have been described in terms of preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art will recognize that the embodiments herein can be practiced with modification within the spirit and scope of the embodiments as described herein.
Throughout this specification the word “comprise”, or variations such as “comprises” or “comprising”, will be understood to imply the inclusion of a stated element, step, or group of elements, steps, but not the exclusion of any other element, step, or group of elements, or steps.
While considerable emphasis has been placed herein on the components and component parts of the preferred embodiments, it will be appreciated that many embodiments can be made and that many changes can be made in the preferred embodiments without departing from the principles of the disclosure. These and other changes in the preferred embodiment as well as other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the disclosure herein, whereby it is to be distinctly understood that the foregoing descriptive matter is to be interpreted merely as illustrative of the disclosure and not as a limitation.