Claims:WE CLAIMS

An IOT Based Smart Necklace for Improving Mobility of Blind People comprising:

1. A necklace with a GPS tracker, an ultrasonic sensor, a heart rate sensor, a GSM module, a Raspberry Pi, a buzzer, and a battery
2. According to claim 1 The blind man's current location is predicted by a GPS sensor.
3. According to claim 1 & 2 GSM, which sends the blind man's current location to the guardian mobile via a short message via the blind necklace.
4. According to claim 1, Raspberry Pi gathers all environmental inputs and processes data based on the blind position.
5. According to claim 1, At a range of up to 13 feet, an ultrasonic sensor is used to identify the obstacle in front of it.
6. According to claim 1, The buzzer alerts blind or visually impaired passengers that they have entered a potentially dangerous area at the edge of boarding platforms or that an obstacle has been detected in front of them.
7. According to claim 1, The heart beat sensor sends the blind heart rate to relatives/guardians every second in order to identify health-related issues.
, Description:FIELD OF THE INVENTION

The present invention An IOT Based Smart Necklace for Improving Mobility of Blind People relates to the field of IOT to enhance the mobility of visually disabled people by alerting them to nearby objects and monitoring their heart rate.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

US9578307B2A -Patent proposed a wearable neck device. The wearable neck system contains a versatile tube that offers environmental knowledge to the user. A first stereo pair of cameras is encased in the flexible tube's left part, while a second stereo pair of cameras is encased in the flexible tube's right portion. The user receives haptic and audio input from a vibration motor inside the flexible tube. Objects from the first stereo pair of cameras and the second stereo pair of cameras are recognized by a processor in the flexible tube. The user receives haptic and audio input on the objects or points of interest thanks to the vibration motor.

WO2015108877A1- Patent proposed a smart necklace. It has a neck section, as well as first and second side sections, and identifies at least one cavity. The smart necklace is equipped with a pair of stereo cameras that are programmed to detect image data, including depth information, corresponding to the smart necklace's surrounding. A positioning sensor is also included in the necklace, which is used to detect positioning data corresponding to the smart necklace's location. A non-transitory memory placed in at least one cavity and designed to store map and object data is included in the necklace. A processor is located in at least one cavity and is connected to the pair of stereo cameras, the positioning sensor, and the non-transitory memory. Based on the image data, positioning data, map data, and object data, the processor is set up to evaluate output data.

US9898039B2 – Patent proposed a smart necklace. It includes a first pod with a proximate connector and a part that can receive or output data and is electrically coupled to the proximate connector. A second pod with a proximate connector and a part electrically coupled to the proximate connector that can receive input data or output data is also included in the necklace. The necklace also features a curved main unit with a first connector that is removably, pivotably, and electrically coupled to the first pod's proximate connector and a second connector that is removably, pivotably, and electrically coupled to the second pod's proximate connector. A mobile processor is also included in the main unit, which collects input data from at least one of the first or second pods, calculates output data based on the input data, and outputs the output data through the first or second pod.

US5956630A - A lightweight electronic device with a relatively flat, wide shape that can be easily and comfortably worn around an individual's neck and is specifically designed to stay safe during physical activities such as jogging or walking, as well as being worn as a fashion accessory. A case for holding a radio receiver, a flexible broad band attached to the case for securing the radio to the user's neck area, and at least one earphone are included in the necklace. A fastener means for securing the band in a closed loop around the neck to shape the necklace and providing a one-size-fits-all design is also included in the subject invention.
US9915545B2- A method is defined for providing directions to a blind user of a smart device. The system involves detecting image data corresponding to the smart device's surrounding environment and positioning data corresponding to the smart device's positioning using at least two sensors in response to a selection of a find mode of the smart device. The approach often involves obtaining the desired object or position through an input device. The method also involves a processor determining the smart device's initial location based on image data, positioning data, and map data stored in the smart device's memory. The approach also involves the output device providing directions to the desired object based on the smart device's initial position and map data.

AU2015206668B2- Patent proposed a smart necklace. It has a neck section, as well as first and second side sections, and defines at least one cavity. The smart necklace is fitted with a pair of stereo cameras that are programmed to detect image data, including depth information, corresponding to the smart necklace's surrounding environment. The necklace further includes a positioning sensor configured to detect positioning data corresponding to a positioning of the smart necklace. A non-transitory memory placed in at least one cavity and designed to store map and object data is included in the necklace. A processor is located in at least one cavity and is connected to the pair of stereo cameras, the positioning sensor, and the non-transitory memory. Based on the image data, positioning data, map data, and object data, the processor is set up to calculate output data.

US10024679B2- Patent proposed a wearable neck device. It consists of a GPS coupled to the wearable neck system and adapted to detect position data, as well as an IMU coupled to the device and adapted to detect inertial measurement data. A camera for detecting image data and a memory for storing data are also included in the wearable neck unit. The wearable neck computer also has a processor that analyses data to identify an entity in the external area. Based on the data and the current time or day, the processor may decide a suitable action. Based on the decided desirable behavior, the processor will decide a destination. Based on the determined destination and the data, the processor will calculate a navigation route. The processor is also modified to evaluate output depending on the direction taken. A speaker is also included in the wearable neck system to provide audio information to the user.

US10248856B2- Patent proposed a wearable neck device and a method of operating the wearable neck device. Its aim is to provide a user with optical character recognition data. At least one camera and a memory for optical character or image recognition processing data are included in the wearable neck unit. A processor senses a document in the environment and changes the field of view of at least one camera to bring the detected document into the modified field of view. Using the optical character or image recognition processing data, the processor analyses the image data within the modified field of view. Based on the analyzed image data, the processor calculates output data. The consumer hears audio information from the wearable neck device's speaker, which is dependent on the output data.

PRIOR ART SEARCH

US9578307B2- Smart necklace with stereo vision and onboard processing: 2017-02-21.
US9915545B2- Smart necklace with stereo vision and onboard processing: 2018-03-13.
AU2015206668B2- Smart necklace with stereo vision and onboard processing: 2018-07-26
US10024679B2- Smart necklace with stereo vision and onboard processing: 2018-07-17
WO2015108877A1- Smart necklace with stereo vision and onboard processing: 2015-07-23.
US10248856B2- Smart necklace with stereo vision and onboard processing: 2019-04-02.
US10360907B2- Smart necklace with stereo vision and onboard processing: 2019-07-23.
USD768024S1-Necklace with a built-in guidance device: 2016-10-04
US20120127291A1- System and Method for Alerting Visually Impaired Users of Nearby Objects: 2017-10-31.
US9898039B2- Modular smart necklace: 2018-02-20.
US5956630A-Radio necklace: 1999-09-21.
US9754510B1- Vision-assist devices for providing information to a user through thermal feedback and methods: 2017-09-05.
US7848512B2- Personal audio device accessory: 2010-12-07.
US20120092460A1- System and Method for Alerting Visually Impaired Users of Nearby Objects: 2016-06-21
KR100405636B1 -Wearable walking guidance device and method for the blind: 2003-11-15
USD827143S1- Blind aid device: 2018-08-28.
US9217648B2- Method of operating a navigation system to provide a pedestrian route: 2015-12-22.
US9228850B2- System and method for presenting a computed route: 2016-01-05.
US10168162B2- Navigation apparatus and mapping system using personal contacts: 2019-01-01.
EP2368455A1- Body wearable chain with display means: 2011-09-28

REFERENCES:

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OBJECTIVES OF THE INVENTION
• Assisting visually disabled people to walk without assistance.
• Use an ultrasonic sensor to determine the distance between two objects.
• Using the GPS app, provide the right location of an obstacle in front of a blind person.
• Using a GPS sensor, provide the right position of a Visually Impaired Person (VIP).
• Use GSM, notify relatives/guardians of the blind's location and heart rate.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Affections of the visual system can cause visual impairment and, in the worst-case scenario, blindness, preventing people from doing things like learning, working, and engaging in sports. Technology advances have made it possible to provide assistance to those who are in need. As a result, visually disabled people can now perform tasks of everyday life such as walking down the street and going around buildings on their own. Visually disabled people (VIPs) may use a wearable smart device to help them walk alone around the streets, manoeuvre in public spaces, and request assistance. A microcontroller board, various sensors, cellular communication and GPS modules, and a solar panel are the main components of the device. The device uses a series of sensors to track the user's path and alert them to any obstacles in their way. The user is notified by a buzzer, and the alarm, along with the system's location, is sent as a phone message to family members and caregivers' registered mobile phones. Furthermore, the registered phones can be used to retrieve the system's location and activate real-time VIP tracking whenever necessary. The smart necklace makes navigation and work easier and more comfortable for blind people. If a blind person meets an obstacle, the sound produced by the buzzer will alert him or her to the presence of the obstacle. The device is particularly helpful to individuals who are visually impaired who often need assistance. Several systems have been created to help visually disabled people and enhance their quality of life. Unfortunately, the majority of these systems have drawbacks.
This innovation suggested an IoT-based necklace to help blind people's mobility. It supports them in their everyday lives, makes their tasks easier, and encourages them to get about safely. By using a smart necklace for the blind man, a GPS sensor sends the blind man's current position to the guardian via a short message in real time, and the guardian can easily monitor the blind man's walking route in real time using AI algorithm. To upgrade this invention, you'll need a GSM, a heartbeat sensor, a buzzer, and a battery. This invention also employs an ultrasonic sensor in conjunction with a Raspberry Pi to detect an obstacle in front of it at a distance of up to 13 feet. As a consequence, when moving in their area, the user is alerted to any closed obstacles in range. Once an obstacle is detected, the sensors may send signals to the necklace, which includes a buzzer, to warn blind or visually impaired passengers that they have arrived at a potentially dangerous area near the edge of boarding platforms found in railway and other types of public transportation. Detection and localization of objects in order to provide people with a sense of their surroundings through sensor functions. The sensors also assist the user with mobility by determining the dimensions, range, and height of the objects. This invention can be used for a variety of items, including 1. Finding blind people's locations using a GPS sensor. 2. Using GSM, send a warning to the guardian about their position. 3. Use an ultrasonic sensor to detect obstacles in front of a blind person. 4. Use a heart rate monitor to detect blind heart rate every second. Both of these improvements would aid blind people's mobility in a safe and secure manner. It allows blind people to move safely and efficiently.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Smart Necklace

The life of a blind person is fraught with danger. They are unable to walk without the assistance of others. This clever necklace for blind people is inexpensive and easy to use, making their lives easier. Without aid, a visually impaired person can walk. The necklace can detect an obstacle and provide input to the user by emitting an alarm sound via a buzzer. They have no idea where they are or what challenges they will face while travelling. The smart necklace and guiding spectacles will help solve this dilemma.

GPS Sensor

Satellites and ground-based control stations are part of the scheme. The GPS sensor is made up of a surface mount chip that processes signals from GPS satellites using a small rectangular antenna that is usually placed on top of the GPS chip. GPS sensors are antenna-equipped receivers that use a satellite-based navigation system that relies on a network of 24 satellites orbiting the earth to provide location, velocity, and timing data.
Ultrasonic Sensor

An ultrasonic sensor is an electronic system that uses ultrasonic sound waves to determine the distance between a target object and transforms the reflected sound into an electrical signal. The transmitter (which emits sound using piezoelectric crystals) and the receiver are the two main components of ultrasonic sensors (which encounters the sound after it has travelled to and from the target). The sensor calculates the time between the transmitter's sound emission and its interaction with the receiver in order to determine the distance between the sensor and the object. D = 12 T x C (where D is the distance, T is the time, and C is the sound speed of 343 metres per second) is the formula for this measurement. For instance, if a scientist put an ultrasonic sensor in front of a box and the sound bounced back in 0.025 seconds, the distance between the ultrasonic sensor and the box will be:
D = 0.5 x 0.025 x 343
or about 4.2875 meters.

Ultrasonic sensors are often used as level sensors in closed containers to track, control, and regulate liquid levels (such as vats in chemical factories). Ultrasonic technology has made it possible for the medical industry to create photographs of internal organs, detect tumours, and monitor the health of babies in the womb, among other things. Smoke, gas, and other airborne particles do not have as much of an effect on it (though the physical components are still affected by variables such as heat).

Heart Beat Sensor

The sound of a person's heartbeat is the contraction or expansion of the valves in his or her heart as they force blood from one area to another. The heartbeat rate is the number of times the heart beats per minute (BPM), and the pulse is the heartbeat that can be detected in any artery close to the skin. The heart rate monitor uses an optical LED light source and an LED light sensor to calculate the heart rate in BPM. The light passes through your skin, and the sensor senses how much is reflected back. As blood pumps under the skin and passes through the sun, the reflections will shift.

GSM Module

The SMS is sent to blind relatives/guardians using the GSM Module. The GPS and GSM modules assist them in navigating and arriving at their destination, as well as providing information to his guardian on where blind is located. When the Raspberry Pi microcontroller receives a notification from the GSM modem, it processes it. The position of the stick will then be obtained from the GPS modem and transmitted to the GSM modem in order to respond to the sender. In the event of an emergency, the necklace's user will press the emergency button, which will enable the microcontroller to access the location from the GPS modem and relay the location to the GSM modem, which will send SMS messages to the blind relatives/Guardian.

Raspberry Pi

The new version of the low-cost Raspberry Pi machine is the Raspberry Pi 4 Model B. The Raspberry Pi isn't your usual device; in its most simple form, it's just a credit-card-sized electronic board with no case.
Buzzer

When an obstacle is found, a buzzer is used to produce a sound. A low-frequency piezo buzzer is used to signal that the barrier is very close to the individual and that a collision is possible. In crowded places, a buzzer is used in combination with the vibration motor to warn the user.