DESC:FIELD OF THE INVENTION:
This invention relates to the field of mechanical engineering.

Particularly, this invention relates to the field of gears.

Specifically, this invention relates to an angular mating spur gear.

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION:
A gear or cogwheel is a rotating machine part having cut teeth or, in the case of a cogwheel, inserted teeth (called cogs), which mesh with another toothed part to transmit torque. Geared devices can change the speed, torque, and direction that is transferred from power source to output. Gears almost always produce a change in torque, creating a mechanical advantage, through their gear ratio, and thus may be considered a simple machine. The teeth on the two meshing gears all have the same shape. Two or more meshing gears, working in a sequence, are called a gear train or a transmission. A gear can mesh with a linear toothed part, called a rack, producing translation instead of rotation.

When two gears mesh, if one gear is bigger than the other, a mechanical advantage is produced, with the rotational speeds, and the torques, of the two gears differing in proportion to their diameters.

When there exist two shafts that are at an angle to each other and power needs to be transferred from one shaft to another, if the angle is constant throughout the operation, generally, bevel gears are mounted on each shaft and this bevel gear pair transfers the power. However, if the angle between the two shafts changes while operating or between operations, it is necessary that we use joints that transfer the power such as universal joint. Some problems with universal joint are that the output power is not constant, the efficiency is low, transfer power based using friction and the complexity of the mechanism is high. Hence, there needs to be something that is able to transfer the power at different angles and transfer it with high efficiency. The power that is transferred should not be fluctuating. Basically, what is needed is a new type of a constant velocity joint.

PRIOR ART:
As per prior art, one of the methods of transferring power from one shaft to another, where one shaft is inclined at an angle to the other, is by using a ‘universal joint’. However, it suffers from one major problem, i.e. even when input drive shaft axle rotates at a constant speed, the output drive shaft axle rotates at a variable speed, thus causing vibration and wear. Moreover, the current mechanisms are more complicated and harder to manufacture.

As per prior art, one of the other methods of transferring power uses a ‘double Cardan joint’. A double Cardan joint consists of two universal joints mounted back to back with a center yoke; the center yoke replaces an intermediate shaft. Provided that the angle between the input shaft and the center yoke is equal to the angle between the center yoke and an output shaft, the second Cardan joint will cancel velocity errors introduced by the first Cardan joint and the aligned double Cardan joint will act as a CV joint.

As per prior art, one of the other methods of transferring power uses a ‘Rzeppa Joint’. However, this joint is hard to manufacture.

Figure 4b illustrates a prior art tooth profile, for a gear.

There is a need for a gear system which overcomes limitations of the prior art.

OBJECTS OF THE INVENTION:
An object of the invention is to provide a new gear profile.

Another object of the invention is to provide a new gear profile can be mated with another AMSG

Yet another object of the invention is to provide distinctive forms of gearing for directly transmitting substantially constant velocity between two shafts, while allowing the angle between the shafts to vary in any plane during operation.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION:
According to this invention, there is provided an angular mating spur gear (AMSG), comprising a base radial component and teeth extending from the base radial component, each of said tooth comprising being formed by defining a prior art’s spur gear tooth’s involute profile, configuring a first point, on a first lateral side of a tooth of a gear, in that, said first point is a point of intersection of any circle defined (or occurring) between, and including, a dedendum circle and an addendum circle with said involute profile, further configuring a second point, on a second lateral side of the tooth of the gear, in that, the second point is also a point of intersection of any circle defined (or occurring) between, and including, the dedendum circle and the addendum circle with said involute profile, configuring a secant, passing through said configured first point and said configured second point, said secant forming an axis of rotation about which said involute profile of said tooth is rotated (angularly displaced), the angular displacement, about said axis of rotation, being across a circumferential width of said gear such that said involute profile is dragged from a first circumferential edge, at the first lateral edge of the gear, to a second circumferential edge, at the second lateral edge of the gear, thereby, forming a new inventive tooth, with a new profile, on the gear’s circumferential edge.

In at least an embodiment, said first lateral side and said second lateral side are two lateral sides of the tooth of the gear.

In at least an embodiment, said first lateral side and said second lateral side are mirror images of one another.

In at least an embodiment, said first point and said second point are mirror images of one another.

In at least an embodiment, the axis of rotation is about a line defined as the shortest line from a first circumferential edge to a second circumferential edge of the gear’s disc.

In at least an embodiment, the axis of rotation is about a tangential line from the first circumferential edge to a second circumferential edge of the gear’s disc.

In at least an embodiment, said new inventive teeth are spaced.

In at least an embodiment, a plurality of said new inventive teeth is spaced apart from each other and protruding outwardly, with the circumferential edge as its base in order to form a said angular mating spur gear (AMSG).

In at least an embodiment, said profile is rotated about an epicycloid plane, across the circumferential width, to form a new invented tooth.

In at least an embodiment, said profile is rotated about a hypocloid plane, across the circumferential width, to form a new invented tooth.

In at least an embodiment, said angular mating spur gear’s each tooth is formed by a first semi-circular concave disc as a first lateral side which is spaced apart from a second semi-circular concave disc as a second lateral side with a curved sheet therebetween, curvilinearly joining the two discs, with the circular edge protruding away from the circumferential width of a gear’s discs.

In at least an embodiment, each tooth is angularly replicated about a disc.

In at least an embodiment, each tooth is linearly replicated about an elongate line.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS:
The invention will now be described in relation to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Figure 1 illustrates a construction of profile of Angular Mating Spur Gear;
Figure 2a shows part of Angular Mating Spur Gear that is meshing;
Figure 2b shows a gear profile’s axis of rotation, root circle, pitch circle, and it involute profile;
Figure 3a shows a front view of the Angular Mating Spur Gear;
Figure 3b shows a side view of the Angular Mating Spur Gear;
Figure 3c shows an isometric view of the Angular Mating Spur Gear;
Figure 4a illustrates a view of angular mating spur gear of this invention, showing the tooth profile;
Figure 5 illustrates two angular mating spur gears with respect to planes of corresponding virtual gears 1 and 2;
Figure 6a illustrates meshing of the two gears, of this invention, in its front view;
Figure 6b illustrates meshing of the two gears, of this invention, in its side view, where the gears are mating angularly; and
Figure 7 illustrates a velocity diagram of virtual gear teeth.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE ACCOMPANYING DRAWINGS:
According to this invention, there is provided an angular mating spur gear (AMSG).

Figure 1 illustrates a construction of profile of Angular Mating Spur Gear.

In at least an embodiment, there is provided a type of gear (angular mating spur gear), in accordance with this invention, that mates with another “Angular mating spur gear” such that angle between shaft axes of the two gears is variable. This facilitates transfer of power, between them, at all instances. The angle between the two shaft axes can be varied by rotating both the angular mating spur gears about a common axis as shown in figure 4 circles of both the gears (new invented gear with the filleted spur gear). This can be done while maintaining a constant velocity ratio between the gears at each angle.

It is to be understood that, a “conjugate profile” enables the mating of the two gears without slipping and an “involute profile” ensures that the speed transferred between the two gears is constant.

For the purposes of this specification and invention, the term, “involute profile” comprises a profile made by two curves – when teeth of a gear have this profile, pitch point remains on pitch circle, and velocity remains constant; this conforms to gearing law. The point where two gears touch each other depends on this profile.

For the purposes of this specification and invention, the term, “conjugate profile” is meant to be same as involute profile; when there are two gears, their profiles must be conjugate i.e. crest of one gear is trough of other gear and trough of one gear is crest of other gear.

In at least an embodiment, the term ‘circumferential width’ can also be a face width of the gear; essentially, it is the width, at the circumference, between the two lateral edges of the gear.

In at least an embodiment, the term ‘circumferential edge’ is defined as an edge formed by the lateral side of a gear with a circumferential width of the gear.

In at least an embodiment, a spur gear tooth’s involute profile (12) is considered.

In at least an embodiment, a first point (P1-L) is configured on a first lateral side of a tooth of a gear, in that, the first point is a point of intersection of any circle defined (or occurring) between, and including, a dedendum circle and an addendum circle with the involute profile.

In at least an embodiment, a second point (P2-L) is configured on a second lateral side of the tooth of the gear, in that, the second point is also a point of intersection of any circle defined (or occurring) between, and including, the dedendum circle and the addendum circle with the involute profile.

Typically, the first lateral side and the second lateral side are two lateral sides of the tooth of the gear. Typically, the first lateral side and the second lateral side are mirror images of one another. Typically, the first point (P1-L) and the second point (P1-L) are mirror images of one another.

In at least an embodiment, a secant (10) is passed through the configured first point (P1-L) and the configured second point (P2-L); this secant (10) forms an axis of rotation (14) about which the involute profile of the tooth is rotated, the angular displacement, about the axis of rotation, being across the circumferential width of the gear such that the involute profile is dragged from a first circumferential edge at the first lateral edge of the gear to the second circumferential edge at the second lateral edge of the gear; thereby, forming a new inventive tooth (angular mating spur gear tooth), with a new profile, on the gear’s circumferential edge. Such new inventive teeth are spaced apart from each other and protrude outwardly with the circumferential edge as its base in order to form a new inventive gear (20); the angular mating spur gear (AMSG) of this invention.

In at least an embodiment, the axis of rotation is about a line defined as the shortest line from a first circumferential edge to a second circumferential edge of the gear’s disc.

In at least an embodiment, the axis of rotation is about a tangential line from the first circumferential edge to a second circumferential edge of the gear’s disc.

In at least an embodiment, considering a plane that contains this secant, if this plane is angularly displaced (rotated) about this secant which forms the axis of rotation, it cuts the gear such that the an (open curve) profile is obtained that comprises two parts: a) an involute profile; and b) a profile that changes with the angle of the plane. The involute profile, in the plane, causes the gears to follow the law of gearing when the angular mating spur gear mates with the gear in the respective plane to obtain a constant velocity ratio.

This new gear with a tooth profile enables non-coplanar slippage-free mating in order to effect maximum power transmission from one gear to the other even if either of the gears are affected by multi-directional loads.

Figure 2a shows part (22) of Angular Mating Spur Gear (AMSG) that is meshing.
Figure 2b shows a gear profile’s axis of rotation (21), root circle (23), pitch circle (25), and it involute profile (27)

Figure 3a shows a front view of the Angular Mating Spur Gear (AMSG).
Figure 3b shows a side view of the Angular Mating Spur Gear (AMSG).
Figure 3c shows an isometric view of the Angular Mating Spur Gear (AMSG).

The silhouette of a spur gear can be seen when one focuses at the outline of the front view of the gear. The involute profile tooth outlines can be seen in the side view as well.

Figure 4a illustrates a view of angular mating spur gear (AMSG) of this invention, showing the tooth profile.

In at least an embodiment, the angular mating spur gear’s each tooth is formed by a first semi-circular concave disc as a first lateral side which is spaced apart from a second semi-circular concave disc as a second lateral side with a curved sheet therebetween, curvilinearly joining the two discs, with the circular edge protruding away from the circumferential width of a gear’s discs.

The virtual gears mate with each other. The point of contact of the virtual gear is the same as the point of contact of the AMSG. Assuming that the AMSG 1 rotates with ?_1, the point of contact C must have a velocity of V_contact.
V_contact= d_poc×?_1
Where, d_poc is the perpendicular distance of C from the axis of the AMSG. Since the point of contact is the same, the speed of virtual gear (VG1) at the point of contact must be the same as well. Hence, the angular velocity of the virtual gear ??'?_1 can be calculated accordingly.
??'?_1= V_contact/?d'?_poc
??'?_1= (d_poc×?_1)/?d'?_poc
The value of ?d'?_poc depends on the angle ? and the distance of point of contact from the root circle as shown in fig. Hence, the value of ??'?_1 keeps changing with ? and distance of point of contact from the root circle.

Figure 5 illustrates two angular mating spur gears (AMSG1, AMSG2) with respect to planes of corresponding virtual gears 1 and 2. It can be seen that the virtual gears remain the same but the profiles that are behaving as virtual gears change.

Figure 6a illustrates meshing of the two gears, of this invention, in its front view.
Figure 6b illustrates meshing of the two gears, of this invention, in its side view, where the gears are mating angularly.

Figure 7 illustrates a velocity diagram of virtual gear teeth.

Similarly, AMSG 2 mates with AMSG 1 such that a virtual gear (VG2) is created. The point of contact of VG2 and AMSG 2 are also the same. Since, the virtual gears meet, we can apply the law of gearing between the two virtual gears. Furthermore, the angular speeds of the two gears is equal to the ratio of their pitch circles. For simplicity, let us assume that they have the same radius. Hence, VG2 rotates with ??'?_1. By symmetry, the virtual gear will rotate with ??'?_1 only when the AMSG 2 rotates with ?_1.

Similar to a spur gear. The gear ratio can be changed by changing the radius and the number of teeth of the AMSG.
After comparing the simulation graphs of a spur gear with AMSG, conclusions are
The angular velocity of an AMSG on output shaft is not constant.
The average angular velocity of an AMSG on output shaft is equal to the angular velocity of AMSG on input shaft

The TECHNICAL ADVANCEMENT of this invention lies in providing a gear profile which basically is a new type of a constant velocity joint. This gear can be mated with another angular mating spur gear. This invention provides distinctive forms of gearing for directly transmitting substantially constant velocity between two shafts, while allowing the angle between the shafts to vary (e.g., by even more than 80°) in any plane during operation

While this detailed description has disclosed certain specific embodiments for illustrative purposes, various modifications will be apparent to those skilled in the art which do not constitute departures from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the following claims, and it is to be distinctly understood that the foregoing descriptive matter is to be interpreted merely as illustrative of the invention and not as a limitation.
,CLAIMS:WE CLAIM,

1. An angular mating spur gear (AMSG) comprising a base radial component and teeth extending from the base radial component, each of said tooth being formed by defining a prior art’s spur gear tooth’s involute profile, configuring a first point (P1-L), on a first lateral side of a tooth of a gear, in that, said first point is a point of intersection of any circle defined (or occurring) between, and including, a dedendum circle and an addendum circle with said involute profile, further configuring a second point (P2-L), on a second lateral side of the tooth of the gear, in that, the second point is also a point of intersection of any circle defined (or occurring) between, and including, the dedendum circle and the addendum circle with said involute profile, configuring a secant (10), passing through said configured first point (P1-L) and said configured second point (P2-L), said secant (10) forming an axis of rotation about which said involute profile of said tooth is rotated (angularly displaced), the angular displacement, about said axis of rotation, being across a circumferential width of said gear such that said involute profile is dragged from a first circumferential edge, at the first lateral edge of the gear, to a second circumferential edge, at the second lateral edge of the gear, thereby, forming a new inventive tooth, with a new profile, on the gear’s circumferential edge.

2. The angular mating spur gear (AMSG) as claimed in claim 1 wherein, said first lateral side and said second lateral side are two lateral sides of the tooth of the gear.

3. The angular mating spur gear (AMSG) as claimed in claim 1 wherein, said first lateral side and said second lateral side are mirror images of one another.

4. The angular mating spur gear (AMSG) as claimed in claim 1 wherein, said first point (P1-L) and said second point (P1-L) are mirror images of one another.

5. The angular mating spur gear (AMSG) as claimed in claim 1 wherein, the axis of rotation is about a line defined as the shortest line from a first circumferential edge to a second circumferential edge of the gear’s disc.

6. The angular mating spur gear (AMSG) as claimed in claim 1 wherein, the axis of rotation is about a tangential line from the first circumferential edge to a second circumferential edge of the gear’s disc.

7. The angular mating spur gear (AMSG) as claimed in claim 1 wherein, said new inventive teeth being spaced.

8. The angular mating spur gear (AMSG) as claimed in claim 1 wherein, a plurality of said new inventive teeth being spaced apart from each other and protruding outwardly, with the circumferential edge as its base in order to form a said angular mating spur gear (AMSG).

9. The angular mating spur gear (AMSG) as claimed in claim 1 wherein, said profile being rotated about an epicycloid plane, across the circumferential width, to form a new invented tooth.

10. The angular mating spur gear (AMSG) as claimed in claim 1 wherein, said profile being rotated about a hypocloid plane, across the circumferential width, to form a new invented tooth.

11. The angular mating spur gear (AMSG) as claimed in claim 1 wherein, said angular mating spur gear’s each tooth is formed by a first semi-circular concave disc as a first lateral side which is spaced apart from a second semi-circular concave disc as a second lateral side with a curved sheet therebetween, curvilinearly joining the two discs, with the circular edge protruding away from the circumferential width of a gear’s discs.

12. The angular mating spur gear (AMSG) as claimed in claim 1 wherein, each tooth being angularly replicated about a disc.

13. The angular mating spur gear (AMSG) as claimed in claim 1 wherein, each tooth being linearly replicated about an elongate line.

Dated this 09th day of November, 2020

CHIRAG TANNA
of INK IDEE
APPLICANT’S PATENT AGENT
REGN. NO. IN/PA – 1785