The present invention is the capacity of the secondary battery, retention rate: to as (CCR Capacity Retention Rate) to an apparatus and method for estimating, and more specifically, the cycle degeneration of the secondary battery, and a comprehensive consideration of the calender degeneration also, the capacity of the secondary battery, to an apparatus and method for estimating the retention rate.
[2]
This application claims priority to an application for the Korea Patent Application No. 10-2017-0085996, filed on July 6, dated 2017, all information disclosed in the specification and drawings of that application is hereby incorporated by reference into this application.
[3]
BACKGROUND
[4]
This secondary battery as to generate electrical energy through electrochemical oxidation and reduction reactions, are used in a wide variety of applications. In general, the secondary battery has a structure that seals the electrode assembly together with an electrolyte, and the polarity is different second exposure of the electrode terminals to the outside in the packaging material. The electrode assembly comprises a plurality of unit cells, the unit cell has a porous structure of a membrane interposed between at least a negative electrode plate and positive electrode plate. The negative electrode plate and positive electrode plate has been coated with the active material participating in the electrochemical reaction, the secondary battery is charged or discharged by an electrochemical reaction of the active material and the electrolyte.
[5]
The maximum capacity of the rechargeable battery is not retained by the original design capacity, and decreases as the calendar time or cycle time. Here, the calendar time of the secondary battery means the cumulative time being kept in a no-load condition that is not charged and discharged, and the cycle time refers to the cumulative time the secondary battery is conducted can be charged and discharged.
[6]
Degradation of the secondary battery is a secondary battery proceeds even in the state, that state in which the calender conditions as charging and discharging proceeds, i.e. that the charge-discharge cycle as well as the state is not in progress. Is because, even if the secondary battery is self-discharged through the discharge very slowly in a no-load condition.
[7]
Degradation rate of the secondary battery in the case of electrons faster than the latter. The secondary battery is in the cycle state, the speed and operating ion which electrolyte is modified by the heat generated in the secondary battery (in the case of a lithium battery Li-Ion), the coated active material in the electrode plate in the course of storing and or released from the electrode plate to be modified because the speed is faster.
[8]
Degradation degree of the secondary battery can be determined by measuring the maximum capacity of the secondary battery, and the measured maximum quota that have a certain degree of difference relative to the design capacity.
[9]
For reference, the actual maximum capacity of the secondary battery can be calculated by integrating the charge current of the secondary battery until it is fully charged from the time the secondary battery is fully discharged. Alternatively, the actual maximum capacity of the secondary battery, may be calculated by integrating a discharge current of the secondary battery until fully discharge from when the secondary battery is fully charged.
[10]
However, because in the actual use environment of the secondary battery when the secondary battery is fully charged or discharged in rare cases, it is difficult to accurately determine the maximum capacity of the secondary battery.
[11]
In order to solve the above problems, degradation is also disclosed a bar estimation model. Regression estimation models, even the operation of the secondary battery condition, as shown in Figure 1 (eg, charge, temperature, charge and discharge rate) pre-defined plurality of FIG profile degeneration of according to (△ y 1 (t), △ y 2 (t) .. △ y n comprises a (t)). For example, △ y 1 (t), △ y 2 (t), .... Y △ k (t) respectively to each other and also degradation profile corresponding to another cycle state, △ y k + 1 (t), △ y k + 2 (t), .... Y △ n (t) respectively, may be a profile with each other it is also degraded corresponding to the other calender state.
[12]
The degradation estimation model, every predetermined cycle, and to identify an operating state while the secondary battery operation, the selected degradation FIG peuropailreul corresponding to the identified operational state and, by using the selected degenerate FIG profile degradation of the current point in time It determines.
[13]
1, the design capacity of the secondary battery having the same maximum capacity △ y nk initially in a first operating state (for example, cycle state) matched to the (t) (where, p 1≤k≤n-1) Δt from the time 1 while maintaining the cycle state during the time that, even in the degraded secondary batteries point P 0 point P from degeneration even (0%) corresponding to the first degradation degree of G corresponding to 1 is increased to%. That is, the degradation degree of the secondary battery is Δt 1 G for the time 1 increases by%.
[14]
From the start time Δt 1 when the elapsed, the operation state of the secondary battery is △ y 2 when the change (t) with the second operation matches the condition, Δt 1 △ y From 2 along a (t) curve degradation of the secondary battery, It is increased. However, degradation even so must increase continuously, △ y 2 when the degradation degree calculation starts over (t) is G 1 point P corresponding to% 2 becomes. In the following, FIG degeneration profile changed, the point P 2 based on the time point that is the basis for the increased degradation as shown in equivalent time is named.
[15]
If the second operation state Δt 2 when held for, degradation degree of the point P of the secondary battery 2 degeneration is also a G corresponding to a first point P from% 3 degradation degree of G corresponding to 2 to the% △ y 2 (t ) increases along the solid line portion of the curve shown. That is, the degradation degree of the secondary battery is Δt 2 (for G 2 -G 1 increases by)%.
[16]
Furthermore, Δt from the initial point 1 + Δt 2 when it is passed, the operation state of the secondary battery is △ y 1 When the change to the third operational state matched to the (t), Δt 1 + Δt 2 △ y From 1 (t) the degradation of the secondary battery is also increased along the curve. However, degradation even so must increase continuously, △ y 1 based on the equivalent time (t) is a point P 4 is changed to a time corresponding to.
[17]
If the third operation state Δt 3 when held for, degradation degree of the point P of the rechargeable battery 4 degeneration also corresponding to the G 2 from the point P% 5 degeneration of G corresponding to Fig. 3 is increased to%.
[18]
Thus, each time the operating state of the secondary battery is changed, and selecting the degeneration FIG profile matched to the changed operating conditions, and the selected degenerate determine a standard equivalent to the time corresponding to the cumulative degradation degree until just before on the profile, the operating conditions have changed during the maintenance process for the selected degenerate be used to update the profile degradation also of the secondary battery is repeated.
[19]
Degradation such as that illustrated in Figure 1 also estimated model secondary battery because it estimates the degree degeneration without regard to when in the time and calender conditions as is in the cycle state, the estimated degradation help physical degradation also can have a significant difference that there is a problem. The reason is, when the operating state of the secondary battery is rapidly changed on the basis of a point in time, the slope of the regression FIG profile matching the operation state immediately after the slope and the point in time of the degradation degree profile matched to the operating conditions immediately preceding the point in time because the difference between the very increases.
[20]
For example, with reference to FIG. 1, a particular time (e.g., Δt 1 in) the operating state of the secondary battery Δy 1 from the operating state to be matched to the (t) Δy n is changed to an operating state that is matched to the (t) may, in this case of the any time Δy 1 (t) and Δy n , the slope difference between the (t) is very large. If, when the two degenerate matched to the respective operating states before and after a particular point in time is the slope of the profile exceeds a threshold, electrochemical characteristics due to the previous point-in-time operating state (for example, cycle condition) (for example, polarization) the influence does not completely disappear in a point in time immediately after the operating state of a point in time (e. g., calender conditions).
[21]
However, the degradation estimation model, because the operation state of the rechargeable battery is not considered for the situation in which a drastic change, may have a magnitude of the absence of estimation error of degeneration even negligible, and as a result the capacity of the secondary battery, retention rate and It has been an obstacle to to accurately estimate the remaining service life.
[22]
Detailed Description of the Invention
SUMMARY
[23]
The invention, as conceived in order to solve the above problems, by comprehensively considering the cycle degeneration road and calendar degradation degree of a secondary battery, and an object thereof is to provide an apparatus and method for estimating a capacity retention rate of secondary battery .
[24]
It may be understood by the following description of Other objects and advantages of the present invention will be appreciated more clearly by the embodiment of the present invention. Also, the objects and advantages of the invention will be readily appreciated that this can be achieved by the means presented in the claims and combinations thereof.
[25]
Problem solving means
[26]
Various embodiments of the present invention for achieving the abovementioned objects is as follows.
[27]
Days Capacity maintenance rate estimation according to the aspect of the invention apparatus, and estimates the capacity retention rate of the secondary battery from the calendar and cycle degeneration also degradation of the secondary battery includes a battery pack. The capacity retention rate estimator is predetermined for each period having a time length, receiving the current information and the temperature information of the secondary battery from the sensing unit is installed in the battery pack, and executes a first main processor and a second main processing in sequence the controller configured to; And storing the weighting factor determined in advance, and the memory further storing the first state of charge of the secondary battery to be updated for the period by the execution of the main processor, and also the cycle degeneration calender degeneration also; includes. The first main process, the first sub-process of updating the state of charge stored in the memory on the basis of the current information; A second sub-process of setting any one of a cycle state, and calender conditions as the operating state of the secondary battery based on the current information; And a third updating the cycle degeneration also stored in the memory in the second sub-case by a process in the operation state of the secondary battery is set to a cycle state, based on the updated state of charge, the current information and the temperature information It includes; subprocess. The second main process, the weighting factor, based on the calendar stored degeneration also based on the updated degradation cycle and also the memory, and estimates the capacity retention rate of the secondary battery.
[28]
In addition, the first sub-process, the current indicated by the current information on the basis of the group up to the capacity stored in the integration, and wherein the accumulated amount of current and the memory for the length of time, the charge stored in the memory It can be updated.
[29]
In addition, the second sub-process, if the charge-discharge rate corresponding to the current information such as charge and discharge rate threshold or greater, it is possible to set an operating state of the secondary battery in the cycle state.
[30]
Further, in the memory, a plurality of the cycle degeneration storage FIG profile are more, the third sub-process, which is also the plurality of cycle degradation is matched to the profile of the updated state of charge from the current information and the temperature information a cycle degradation is also a first routine of selecting a profile; A second routine for the selected cycle degeneration determine a first reference point associated with the equivalent profile; And wherein a first reference point, based on the equivalent, by using the selected cycle degeneration FIG profile, a third routine for updating the group cycle degeneration also stored in the memory; may contain.
[31]
In addition, the second sub-process, if the charge-discharge rate corresponding to the current information is smaller than a threshold charge and discharge rate, it is possible to set an operating state of the secondary battery in said calendar status.
[32]
Further, the first main process, the second sub-case by the process specified in the operation state of the secondary battery to the calender conditions, stored in the memory on the basis of the updated state of charge, the current information and the temperature information the fourth sub-process of updating the calendar degeneration also; a may further include.
[33]
Further, in the memory, a plurality of calendar degeneration also been profiles were further stored, and the fourth sub-process, the updated state of charge among said plurality of calendar degeneration FIG profile and any one calendar degeneration matched to the temperature information a fourth routine of selecting the profile; A fifth routine for the selected calendar degeneration determine a second reference point associated with the equivalent profile; And wherein a second reference point, based on the equivalent, by using the selected cycle degeneration FIG profile, a sixth routine for updating the group calendar degeneration also stored in the memory; may contain.
[34]
Also, the second main process, based on the weighting factor, a seventh routine for correcting the cycle degradation. Fig. And based on the degradation degree and the correction of the calendar cycle degeneration FIG eighth routine for estimating the capacity retention rate of the secondary battery; may contain.
[35]
In addition, the weight factor may be a constant within the range of the determined via preliminary experiments, more than 0 2 or less.
[36]
The battery pack according to another aspect of the present invention, the capacity retention rate estimator; includes.
[37]
Capacity maintenance rate estimating method according to another aspect of the present invention, each period having a predetermined time length, comprising the steps of: receiving the current information and the temperature information of the secondary battery from the sensing unit is installed in the battery pack; The method comprising activating the first main process; And a step of activating a second main process; includes. The first main process, the first sub-process of updating the state of charge of the secondary battery based on the current information, the reservoir; A second sub-process of setting any one of a cycle state, and calender conditions as the operating state of the secondary battery based on the current information; The third sub-process of the first to the second sub-case by a process in the operation state of the secondary battery is set to a cycle state, based on the updated state of charge, the current information and the temperature information, and updating the pre-stored cycle degeneration also .; And when the second sub-set by the process in which the calendar state operating state of the secondary battery, the fourth sub based on the updated state of charge, the current information and the temperature information, the group update to FIG stored calendar degeneration includes; process. In the second main process, it is estimated a predetermined weight factor, the updated and the cycle degeneration also on the basis of the calendar degeneration also, the capacity maintenance rate of the secondary battery.
[38]
Effects of the Invention
[39]
According to at least one of the embodiments of the present invention, by calculating the cycle degeneration road and calendar degradation degree of a secondary battery independently of each other, a combination of the calculated cycle, regression road and calendar degeneration also by estimating the capacity retention rate of the secondary battery, it is possible to reduce the difference between the actual capacity retention ratio and the estimated capacity retention rate.
[40]
Further, according to at least one of the embodiments of the present invention, by using the based on the weighting factor, the corrected the cycle degeneration also be updated, and the correction cycle degeneration also at every predetermined cycle to estimate the capacity retention, the capacity retention rate the estimation accuracy can be improved.
[41]
Not limited to those mentioned above are the effects of the present invention effects, is not mentioned other effects will be understood clearly to those skilled in the art from the description of the claims.
[42]
Brief Description of the Drawings
[43]
Intended to illustrate the following figures attached to the specification are exemplary of the invention, the components which serve to further understand the spirit of the invention and together with the description of which will be described later invention, the details of this invention is described in such figures be construed as limited only is not.
[44]
Figure 1 is a plurality of degenerate Ido estimated regression model according to the prior art use to estimate the degradation degree of the secondary battery is a graph showing the profiles.
[45]
2 is a diagram schematically showing the configuration of the capacity maintenance rate estimator included in the battery pack and the battery pack according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[46]
3 is a flow chart showing a method of estimating a cycle degradation, and Fig calender degeneration and capacity retention rate of secondary battery in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
[47]
Figure 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the intention to calendar cycle degeneration degeneration which each estimate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
[48]
5 and 6 shows the graph that is referenced to explain a method of determining the weighting factor to be used to correct the cycle degeneration also in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
[49]
Mode for the Invention
[50]
With reference to the accompanying drawings will be described a preferred embodiment of the present invention; Prior to this, the specification and are should not be construed as limited to the term general and dictionary meanings used in the claims, the inventor accordingly the concept of a term to describe his own invention in the best way It is to be interpreted based on the meanings and concepts corresponding to technical aspects of the present invention on the basis of the principle that can be defined.
[51]
Accordingly, the configuration shown in the examples and figures disclosed herein are in not intended to limit the scope of the present merely nothing but the embodiment most preferred embodiment of the present invention invention, a variety that can be made thereto according to the present application point It should be understood that there are equivalents and modifications.
[52]
Further, when it is determined that a detailed description of known functions and configurations in the following description of the present invention may obscure the subject matter of the present invention, the detailed description thereof will be omitted.
[53]
First and will be used for any one of the terms including an ordinal number such as 2 are, the various components in order to distinguish from the rest and is not used to define the components by such term.
[54]
In full disclosure, that when any part of the "included" some components, which means not to exclude other components not specifically described are the opposite, it may further include other components. In addition, terms such as described in the specification mean units for processing at least one function or operation, which may be implemented as a combination of hardware, software, or hardware and software.
[55]
In addition, throughout the specification, when that any part is "connected" with another part, which if it is "directly connected to", as well as, interposed between the other element or intervening even if it is "indirectly coupled" It includes.
[56]
While in the present invention, the "cycle degradation degree" refers to the state in which the charging and discharging of the secondary battery proceeds cycle state, it means the value showing the degree of the degeneration of stacked secondary batteries in terms of a numerical value.
[57]
In the present invention, while in the calendar state charge and discharge is not conducted in the "calender degeneration even" field, a secondary battery, it means a value showing the degree of the degeneration of stacked secondary batteries in terms of a numerical value.
[58]
In the present invention, "capacity retention ratio (CCR)" is the value that indicates the percentage of the maximum capacity for the design capacity of the secondary battery. Capacity retention ratio, decreases with the increase or the increase in the calendar view of Fig. Degeneration cycle degradation.
[59]
Figure 2 is a battery pack 10 and a block diagram showing the configuration of the capacity maintenance rate estimator 100 is included in the battery pack 10 it is schematically illustrated according to one embodiment of the present invention.
[60]
Referring to Figure 2, the battery pack 10, including at least one rechargeable battery (20), the sensing unit and the capacity maintenance rate estimator 100. Capacity maintenance rate estimator 100, and a control unit 110 and the memory 120 may further include a selectively communication unit 130.
[61]
The secondary battery 20, includes one or more battery cells to be subjected to estimate the degradation degree using, capacity retention ratio estimator (100). Here, it is a battery cell, refers to a storage and extraction is possible configuration that is, the minimum unit capable of repeatedly charging and discharging the electrical energy. For example, the battery cell may be a pouch type lithium ion battery.
[62]
When they include a plurality of battery cells in the rechargeable battery 20, a plurality of battery cells it may be electrically connected in series and / or in parallel with each other.
[63]
The secondary battery 20 can be electrically coupled to the various load devices through the external terminals provided on the battery pack 10. For example, the load device may be a large-capacity power storage device (ESS), or mobile devices in the vehicle, a power grid, such as a vehicle, an electric vehicle such as a drone.
[64]
External terminals provided on the battery pack 10 may be connected to the charging unit and electrically. Charging apparatus, the control of the load devices drawing power from the secondary battery 20 can be electrically connected to the secondary battery 20. The
[65]
Sensing unit includes a current measurement circuit 31 and the temperature measuring circuit 32, and optionally further comprising a voltage measuring circuit 33 into.
[66]
Current to the measuring circuit 31, a current sensor that is commonly used in the battery field. For example, the current measuring circuit 31 can output the current information representing the direction and magnitude of current flowing through the secondary battery 20. The current information outputted by the current measuring circuit 31 can be received by a capacity retaining ratio estimator (100).
[67]
Temperature measurement circuit 32 includes a temperature sensor which is conventionally used in the battery field. For example, the temperature measurement circuit 32 is installed or attached directly to the close-up rechargeable battery 20, and may output the temperature information indicating the temperature of the secondary battery (20). The temperature information output by the temperature measurement circuit 32 may be received by a capacity retaining ratio estimator (100).
[68]
Voltage measuring circuit 33, a voltage sensor that is commonly used in the battery field. For example, the voltage measuring circuit 33 can output the voltage information indicating the potential difference between the positive terminal and the negative terminal of the secondary battery (20). Voltage output by the measurement circuit 33, voltage information may be received by a capacity retaining ratio estimator (100).
[69]
The current measuring circuit 31, a temperature measuring circuit 32 and / or a voltage measuring circuit 33 is measured for each cycle a predetermined current, the temperature and voltage of the secondary battery 20, and the measurement result of the current information, temperature information and / or it may transmit the information to the voltage control unit 110. The measurement results can be provided to the control unit 110 has the form of an analog signal or a digital signal. If the current information, temperature information, and / or voltage information having a form of an analog signal, the control unit 110, through the A / D signal conversion process converts the current information, temperature information and / or the voltage information into a digital signal, converted on the basis of the digital signal may determine the current electric current, temperature, and voltage of the secondary battery (20).
[70]
Capacity maintenance rate estimator 100 is an apparatus that, to estimate the road, road and calendar cycle degeneration degradation of the secondary battery 20 separately, a wired means or operable in part sensing via wireless means such as Bluetooth, such as cable it can be connected.
[71]
The memory 120 stores various data and programs that are used to estimate the cycle degeneration also, calendar degeneration road and / or the capacity upkeep ratio of the controller 110, the secondary battery 20.
[72]
In addition, the memory 120, a controller 110, a cycle degradation degree, calendar degeneration road and / or the capacity retention rate of the secondary battery (20) to a request for estimating the (CCR Capacity Retention Rate), the control unit 110 along and removed and / or update the various data stored in the memory 120, and additionally stores the new data. In addition, the memory 120 stores initial values ​​of various parameters used to periodically estimate the cycle degeneration also, calendar degeneration road and / or the capacity retention rate of secondary battery 20. For example, the memory 120, the initial value of state of charge of the secondary battery 20, the initial value of the initial value, based on the equivalent time of the initial value of the initial value of the FIG cycle degeneration, calendar degeneration also, the capacity retaining ratio, the critical charge and discharge rate, a weight factor, and the like of a plurality of cycle degradation is also a profile or a plurality of calendar degeneration FIG profile may be stored in advance.
[73]
Further, the open-circuit voltage of the secondary battery 20, the memory 120 has a look-up table that defines the relationship OCV-SOC curve between:: (State Of Charge SOC) be stored in advance (OCV Open Circuit Voltage) and state of charge . Control unit 110 obtains the state of charge from the open-circuit voltage by referring to a look-up table, or, conversely, it is possible to obtain the open-circuit voltage from the charging state.
[74]
Memory 120 if the recording, erasure, and updating that of a known dock can invoke known information storage means the data There are no particular restrictions on its type. As an example, memory 120 may be a DRAM, SDRAM, flash memory 120, ROM, EEPROM, register. Memory 120 may store program codes are executable process defined by the control unit 110.
[75]
On the other hand, the memory 120 may be physically separated from the control unit 110 may be integrated as one body with the control unit 110 or the like chips.
[76]
Capacity maintenance rate estimator 100 may further include a selectively communication unit 130. In this case, the control unit 110 may be operatively coupled via a wired means or a wireless means of communication section 130 and the notice. Capacity maintenance rate through the estimator 100, the secondary battery 20, the communication unit 130, a notification information showing the degree cycle degeneration, calendar degeneration road and / or the capacity upkeep ratio of the outside can be output (for example, the user's PC) have.
[77]
The notification information outputted from the communication unit 130, may be received by the diagnostic device of the control computer or the secondary battery 20 of the load device with a rechargeable battery (20). Control computer or diagnostic device, based on the notification information received from the capacity retention rate estimator 100, it is possible to determine whether the replacement of the secondary battery (20). In addition, the control computer or diagnostic device, the visual form of the notification information that can be recognized by a person (for example, images) or audible form can be output by converting (for example, sound). In addition, the control computer or diagnostic device, there is also a cycle degradation included in the notification information, the calendar also degenerate and / or the capacity upkeep ratio to output a warning message if it exceeds a threshold.
[78]
Control unit 110, as in the above-described above, the degree of degradation cycles the secondary battery 20, a calendar regression estimates the road and / or the capacity upkeep ratio. A processor, ASIC (application-specific integrated circuit), other chipset, logic circuit, registers, a communication modem, a data processing apparatus such as known in the art for carrying out the aforementioned control logic may optionally include. Further, when the control logic to be implemented in software, the controller 110 may be implemented as a set of program modules. In this case, each program module is stored in the memory 120, and executed by a computer processor. Memory 120 may be within the processor or external, may be connected to the processor in a variety of computer components known. In addition, the memory 120 may be included in the memory 120 of the present invention. In addition, the memory 120 is not intended to refer to a particular memory 120 as devices that are collectively referred to as devices in which information is stored regardless of the type of device.
[79]
Various control logic are at least one or more combined, the combination of the control logic of the control unit 110 are written as a code system from which a computer can read may be recorded in a computer-readable recording medium. Recording medium if access is possible by a processor included in the computer there is no particular limitation on their kind. As an example, the recording medium includes a ROM, RAM, registers, CD-ROM, magnetic tape, hard disk, at least one selected from the group including floppy disks, and optical data recording devices. In addition, the code system may be included in a carrier communication at any given time is modulated with a carrier signal, is distributed to a computer connected to the network can be stored and executed. Also, functional programs, codes, and code for implementing the combination of the control logic segment can be easily construed by programmers skilled in the art to which the invention pertains.
[80]
The control unit 110 is a secondary battery 20 and the electrical battery management system that can be combined with: may be a control element included in the (Battery Management System BMS), or or the battery management system.
[81]
For convenience of explanation, hereinafter, a cycle degradation degree "DOA cyc referred to as a", and the calendar is also degraded "DOA cal will be referred to as a". For purposes of this definition, DOA is an abbreviation of "degenerate Fig. (Degree Of Aging)".
[82]
Figure 3 is a flow chart illustrating a method for estimating a cycle degradation degree, calendar degeneration also and capacity retention rate of secondary battery 20 in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, Figure 4 is respectively estimated according to one embodiment of the present invention a graph showing the relationship between the cycle degeneration help calender degeneration Fig. Step of Figure 3 are, in each predetermined period is repeatedly performed. At this time, each period has a △ t predetermined length of time.
[83]
Referring to Figure 3, in step S310, control unit 110, k (k = 1, 2, 3,?) In the second period, and receives the current information and the temperature information from the sensing unit a secondary battery (20). k is a counting number indicating the current cycle, increases by 1 every time a △ t elapses.
[84]
That is, the control unit 110 the current I of the current of the k-th cycle k and the temperature T k and receives the current information and the temperature information indicating the. Alternatively, the control unit 110 may further receive voltage information of the secondary battery 20 from the sensing unit.
[85]
When step S310 is completed, the control unit 110 activates the first main process. A first main processing, will be based on the current information and the temperature information received in step S305, activated by the control unit 110. A first main process, and a plurality of sub-processes. Specifically, the first main process basically includes a first sub-process to third sub-process.
[86]
The first sub-process and a second sub-process, of which one is the other of, or after completion of execution, or the execution of any one or the other of the running, can execute at the same time or two.
[87]
The steps of the 3 S315, S320, S322, S324, S325 S330, S335, S340, S345, S350 are the steps that can be executed as a first main activation processes.
[88]
In step S315, control unit 110 executes the first sub-process. The execution of the first sub-process, the control unit 110 on the basis of current information, and updates the state of charge stored in the memory 120. Specifically, the control unit 110, a current I determined by the current information k is accumulated for a △ t. Then, the accumulated amount of electric current I k × △ t, the previous state of charge SOC k-1 , the maximum capacity Q max , based on, SOC k-1 the SOC k is updated to. For example, SOC k = SOC k-1 + (I k × △ t) / Q max may be. If, in the case of k = 1, SOC 0 is the initial value of the stored charge in the memory 120.
[89]
When the secondary battery 20 is charged in the current cycle, the current (I accumulated k because of the positive value is × △ t), state of charge SOC after update k is charged state SOC before update k-1 is greater than. On the other hand, when the secondary battery 20 is discharged at the present cycle, the integrated current (I k , so × △ t) is of a negative value, state of charge SOC after update k is updated state of charge SOC previous k-1 is less than .
[90]
Control unit 110 executes the second sub-process. The execution of the second sub-process, the control unit 110 on the basis of current information, and sets the operating state of the secondary battery (20) of any one of a cycle state, and calendar status.
[91]
Specifically, the second sub-process includes the step S320, S322 and S324. In step S320, control unit 110 determines the charge and discharge rates (current rate) corresponding to the current information such as charge and discharge rate threshold or greater.
[92]
Control unit 110 sets the operation state of the charge-discharge rate (current rate), in this case equal to the charge and discharge rate threshold or larger, the secondary battery 20 in step S322 corresponding to the current status information to the cycle. It is because the charge and discharge rate is equal to the charge and discharge rate threshold or greater, being an indicator of which the secondary battery 20, charge and discharge current. Here, it means the value obtained by dividing a value obtained by subtracting the units of the design capacity of the charge and discharge rates (current rate) is, the current information of the secondary battery 20 for charging and discharging current is shown. And charge-discharge rate is also referred to as "C-rate", the unit may use a 'C'. For example, the charge-discharge current of 1A (ampere), and the design capacity is 4: If (Ah ampere hour), the charge-discharge rate is 2.5C.
[93]
On the other hand, when the charge-discharge rate corresponding to the current information, the charge-discharge rate is less than the threshold, in Step S324 sets the operating state of the secondary battery 20 to the calender conditions. It is because the secondary battery (20) is an indicator of the left being not currently charged and discharged is the charge-discharge rate is less than a critical charge-discharge rate.
[94]
The first and second sub When the process is complete, the control unit 110 may execute the third sub-process. The third sub-process, a second case where the operation state of the secondary battery 20 in the sub-process is set to a cycle state, and is executed by the control unit 110.
[95]
3 during the execution of the child process, the control unit 110 the current information, temperature information and the first sub-process, the updated state of charge SOC at the k is updated on the basis of a, a pre-stored cycle degradation in the memory 120 Fig. If the third case where the sub-process is performed for the first time (that is, in the case of k = 1), the control unit 110 groups the initial value of DOA of the stored cycle degeneration also in the memory (120) cal more [0] to a value updates. DOA cal may be [0] = 0.
[96]
Specifically, the third sub-process comprises the first to the third routine.
[97]
In step S325, control unit 110 executing a first routine. The execution of the first routine, the control unit 110 from a plurality of cycle degradation degree profile, the updated state of charge SOC k and select any one of cycle degradation is also matched to the profile, the current information and temperature information.
[98]
In one embodiment, the profile is also DOA cycle degeneration selected from the k-th cycle cyc_k (t) can be represented by a function such as the following formula 1.
[99]

[100]
[101]
In Formula 1, the parameter β k and γ k each is a positive integer as a factor which also determines the currently-selected the cycle degeneration of the ever-open type profile. Cycle degradation profile is also conventional degenerate shown in Figure 1, represented by Formula 1 according to the elapse of time as shown in the profile, the ever-open type that has converged to stand to one. Fig cycle degradation rate for the profile converges to 1, the parameter β k and γ k depends on.
[102]
In a first routine, it is that any one of a plurality of cycle degradation is also a profile is selected, the parameter β of equation 1, k and γ k is meant that each value being uniquely selected. The parameter β k correlation between the, state of charge of the secondary battery 20, the temperature and the charge and discharge rates can be predefined in the form of a look-up table or function through the experiment. Similarly, the parameter γ k The correlation between and a state of charge of the secondary battery 20, the temperature and the charge and discharge rates can be predefined in the form of a look-up table or function through the experiment.
[103]
In step S330, control unit 110 executes a second routine. Run-time, the control unit 110 of the second routine is equivalent t first reference point k is computed. The first reference point equivalent to t k is, k-th period profile is also selected DOA cycle degradation in cyc_k a time when the degree of degradation estimated cycle starts over. In one embodiment, the control unit 110 by using the equation (2) below, the first reference point equivalent to t k can be calculated for.
[104]

[105]
[106]
In the Formula 2, t k-1 is equivalent to a first reference time point of the previous group used in the previous cycle of k-1 first cycle. When the second routine is executed first (i.e., if k = 1), the control unit 110 of the expression t 2 k-1 is substituted for the initial value 0 of the first reference point in the equivalent. That is, in the t memory 120, 0 is stored to the group = 0.
[107]
In step S335, control unit 110 executes the third routine. Upon execution of the third subroutine, the control unit 110, t k on the basis of and / △ t, the cycle degeneration selected in the first routine, FIG profile DOA cyc_k using a (t), the previous period of k-1 first cycle is calculated from a pre-stored cycle degradation in the memory 120 is also DOA cyc updates a [k-1]. If, in the case of k = 1, the control unit 110 groups the initial value of DOA of the cycle stored in the memory degeneration even to zero (120) cyc updates the [0] to a value greater than zero.
[108]
In one embodiment, the controller 110 may use the following formula 3, the update cycle is also degraded.
[109]

[110]
[111]
In the Formula 3, DOA cyc [k] is k as the cumulative cycle degeneration also to the second cycle, a pre-stored k-1 of DOA cycle degeneration were stacked up to the second period also in the memory (120) cyc replace [k-1] is a value. In other words, DOA cyc [k-1] is DOA cyc is updated to [k].
[112]
Control unit 110, if the DOA cyc [k-1] and the DOA cyc the difference between the [k] is greater than the first threshold difference value or DOA cyc [k] is DOA cyc is smaller than a [k-1], the first may output an error signal to the communication unit 130.
[113]
A first main processing may further include a fourth sub-process. The fourth sub-process, when the second operating state of the secondary battery 20 in the child process is set as a calendar, a state 3 is executed by the control unit 110 in place of the child process.
[114]
The fourth sub-process during the execution, the control unit 110 updates, based on the state of charge in the current update information, temperature information and the first sub-process, a pre-stored calendar degeneration in memory 120. FIG. If the fourth case where the sub-process is performed for the first time, control unit 110 groups the initial value of DOA of the calender is also stored degenerate to zero in the memory (120) cal updates the [0] to a value greater than zero.
[115]
Specifically, the fourth sub-process includes a fourth to sixth routine.
[116]
In step S340, control unit 110 executes a fourth routine. Upon execution of a fourth routine, the control unit 110 from a plurality of calender degeneration FIG profile, the updated state of charge SOC k selects any one calendar profile degeneration also matched to and temperature information. Calendering is also degraded, since related degradation during the charge and discharge of the secondary battery 20 is not in progress, it does not take into account the current information, unlike help cycle degradation.
[117]
In one embodiment, the profile is also DOA calender degeneration selected from the k-th cycle cal_k (t) can be represented by a function such as the following formula 4.
[118]

[119]
[120]
In equation 4, the parameters β * k and γ * k each is a positive integer as a factor which also determines the currently selected calendar degeneration remodeling of the profile. Calendar is also degraded profile represented by Formula 4, in the conventional degradation shown in Figure 1 also with the lapse of time as shown in the profile, the ever-open type that has converged to stand to one. FIG calender degradation rate at which the profile converges to 1, the parameter β * k and γ * k depends on.
[121]
In a fourth routine, is that any one of a plurality of calendar degeneration FIG profile is selected, the parameter β of the formula 4 * k and γ * k is meant that each value being uniquely selected. Parameter β * k correlation between the, state of charge and the temperature of the secondary battery 20 can be predefined in the form of a look-up table or function through the experiment. Similarly, the parameter γ k correlation between the state of charge and the temperature of the secondary battery 20 can be predefined in the form of a look-up table or function through the experiment.
[122]
In step S345, control unit 110 executes a fifth routine. Upon execution of a fifth routine, the control unit 110 based on the equivalent time t 2 * k is computed. A second reference point equivalent to t * k is, k-th cycle is also selected calendar profile DOA degeneration in cal_k a time when the estimation of the calender degeneration begins on. In one embodiment, the control unit 110 using the formula 5 below, the second reference point equivalent to t * k can be calculated for.
[123]

[124]
[125]
In the Formula 5, t * k-1 is equivalent to the second reference time point of the previous use period in the preceding cycle the k-1 first cycle. If a fifth routine is performed for the first time (that is, in the case of k = 1), the control unit 110 of Equation 5 t * k-1 is substituted for an initial value of zero of the reference point in the equivalent. That is, in the t memory 120 * 0 is stored as a = 0 group.
[126]
In step S350, control unit 110 executes a sixth routine. Upon execution of a sixth routine, the control unit 110, t * k , and based on the / or △ t, the fourth profile DOA also selected calendar degeneration in routine cal_k using a (t), the second previous cycle of k-1 is calculated in the period pre-stored calendar degeneration in the memory 120 is also DOA cal updates a [k-1]. In one embodiment, the controller 110 may use the following formula 6, it updates the calendar degeneration Fig.
[127]
In one embodiment, the controller 110 may use the following formula 6, the update cycle is also degraded.
[128]

[129]
[130]
In Formula 6, DOA cal [k] is k as the accumulated calendar degeneration also to the second cycle, a pre-stored k-1 second of DOA period also calender degeneration were stacked up in a memory (120) cal replace [k-1] is a value. In other words, DOA cal [k-1] is DOA cal is updated to [k].
[131]
Control unit 110, if the DOA cal [k-1] and the DOA cal is the difference between the [k] is greater than the second threshold difference value or DOA cal [k] is DOA cal is smaller than [k-1], the second may output an error signal to the communication unit 130.
[132]
On the other hand, the third sub-process, and a fourth sub-process in each period will be executed alternatively. For example, in the k-th cycle, and the third when the child process is running a fourth sub-process is disabled and, conversely, when the fourth sub-process to run a third sub-process is inactive.
[133]
When the k-th cycle the third sub-processes are running in, the control unit 110 maintains a calendar degeneration also of the k-th cycle to the previous value. That is, when the third sub-processes are running in the k-th cycle, the control unit 110 DOA cal a [k] DOA cal may be equally set and a [k-1]. For example, referring to Figure 4, when from the first to L-th cycle in the operation state of the rechargeable battery 20 is set to a cycle state, the cycle degeneration degree of DOA of the secondary battery 20 cyc from [k] = 0 DOA cyc [ while gradually increases to L] calender degradation degree of the initial value to the L-th period DOA cal is kept constant in [0] = 0.
[134]
In contrast, when the k-th cycle the fourth sub-processes are running in, the control unit 110 maintains the cycle degradation also of the k-th cycle to the previous value. That is, if the fourth sub-processes are running in the k-th cycle, the control unit 110 DOA cyc a [k] DOA cyc may be equally set and a [k-1]. For example, referring to Figure 4, when the L-th cycle after setting the operating condition the calendar state of the secondary battery 20 to the M-th period, calendar degradation of the secondary battery 20. The secondary battery 20 also is DOA cal [ L] = 0 from the DOA cal while gradually increased to [M] after cycle degradation degree of the L-th cycle to the M-th period DOA cyc is kept constant by [L].
[135]
Control unit 110 activates the second main process, if both are the steps involved in a first main process is completed. A second main process, includes a plurality of routines. Step S355 of Fig. 3, S360, S365 are the steps that can be performed as a second main activation processes.
[136]
Specifically, the second main processor, by default, includes the seventh and eighth routine rutinreul, may optionally further comprises a ninth routine.
[137]
In step S355, control unit 110 executes a seventh routine. Claim 7 based on the stored weighting factors based on the execution time, the control unit 110 memory 120 in the routine, the cycle degeneration FIG DOA updated in the third routine cyc corrects the [k]. In one embodiment, the control unit 110 may use the following formula 7, to correct the cycle degeneration Fig.
[138]

[139]
[140]
7 in the formula, ω is a value indicating the weight factors stored in the memory 120. ω may be determined in advance by a predetermined range can be a constant, and pre-experimental or the control unit 110 in the (e. g., less than 0 but not more than 2). In addition, DOA cyc_correct [k] is a value that indicates the corrected cycle degeneration Fig.
[141]
In step S360, control unit 110 executes the eighth routine. 8 (see Formula 6) is also executed when the controller (110) calender degeneration of the routine, and the correction cycle degeneration also based on (see equation 7), the capacity retention ratio CRR of the secondary battery (20) mix estimating a [k] do. In one embodiment, the control unit 110 by using the following formula 8, CRR represents the maximum storable amount of charge in the secondary battery 20 in the k-th cycle mix can be calculated for [k].
[142]

[143]
[144]
The more the degradation of the secondary battery 20 is in progress, the capacity retention rate is lowered, it is apparent to those skilled in the art. For example, referring to Equation 8, with the passage of time the secondary battery 20 is The more the period had a duration and calender conditions had a cycle state, DOA cyc_correct [k] and DOA cal [k] is increased, respectively. Thus, as the k is increased, CRR mix and [k] is reduced toward zero while having a value less than 1.
[145]
In step S365, control unit 110 executes a ninth routine. When the execution routine of claim 9, the control unit 110 CRR mix predetermined design capacity and Q [k] degisn based on the maximum capacity Q of the rechargeable battery (20) max can be updated to. For example, Q max = Q degisn × CRR mix may be a [k]. CRR mix [k] is so little positive than 1, Q max is Q degisn less than. The updated maximum capacity Q max may be used to update the state of charge in step S315 is executed in the next period.
[146]
5 and 6 shows the graph that is referenced to explain a method of determining the weighting factor to be used to correct the cycle degeneration also in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
[147]
Control unit 110, and proceeds to the predetermined at least one inductive degeneration test for the test cell. Each test cell, as is manufactured to have the same specifications and the secondary battery 20, before proceeding with the respective induced degradation test is the capacity maintenance rate 1.
[148]
When the travel angle teseuteueul degeneration induced, the battery pack 10 of Figure 2 is electrically connected to the place of the test cells are sequentially secondary battery (20). Also, if any one induced degradation test is finished, the machine tests if the battery is replaced with a new use may proceed induce Degeneration teseuteuyi rest.
[149]
From the start of each test degeneration induced calculates the actual capacity retention rate at a plurality of different point between the end point.
[150]
With this, the control unit 110 estimates the capacity retention rate at the time of said plurality of exit from between the start of each degradation induction time test. At this time, the control unit 110 by applying a predetermined two or more different candidate value ω in the equation 7, it is possible to obtain a plurality of capacity maintenance rate change curve. A plurality of capacity maintenance rate change curve and candidate values ​​are one-to-one mapping. In other words, each of the capacity maintenance rate change curve, when any one of the candidate values ​​that have been substituted in the ω in the equation 7, is defined by the capacity retention rate is estimated from the plurality of viewpoints.
[151]
The control unit 110 compares each of a plurality of capacity maintenance rate change curve with the actual capacity retention rate calculation in a plurality of time. Then, the control unit 110 determines the difference between the actual capacity maintenance rate of the capacity maintenance rate change curves for a candidate value which related to the least one of the capacity maintenance rate change curves to the weight factor.
[152]
Figure 5 illustrates a graph showing the result of the first degradation induction test conducted with respect to the secondary battery 20 and the first test battery having the same specification capacity retention ratio of 1 and a second test cell, and Figure 6 is a secondary battery ( 20), and it illustrates a first graph showing the results of tests conducted with respect to two degenerate derived have the same specification of the third test cell capacity retention rate is 1 and the fourth test cell. The first and the second derived from the degradation test, respectively, the assignment to one another the different first and second candidate value ω of the formula 7 to obtain 2 Capacity maintenance rate variation curve.
[153]
5, the first degeneration induced test, the first test period (△ P C1 ) and the second test period (△ P C2 a) the test is repeated with each of nine times alternately. A first test period (△ P C1 ) is a first and a second period for holding a test cell between each charge and the calender conditions as the temperature is 60% and 30 ℃ respectively 4 weeks (week). The second test period (△ P C2 ) is, the cycle state 2 the temperature is charged and discharged at a 6C to 45 ℃ the first and second 9C a test cell, each in the state of charge 30% ~ 60% (C- rate) maintained for a period of weeks.
[154]
In Figure 5, the estimated capacity retention rate (P sim1_A ) and the estimated capacity retention rate (P sim1_B to obtain a) conducting a first degeneration induced tests for a first test cell, the actual capacity retention rate (P exp1 ) a first degeneration induced tests for the second test cell and proceeds to obtain.
[155]
In the first degeneration induced test is confirmed by the graph shown in Figure 5, the first assignment of the candidate value for ω in the equation 7 by the first capacity maintenance rate change curve (C sim1_A obtained), and a first candidate value and the different a second capacity maintenance rate change curve (C by substituting the candidate value ω of the formula 7 sim1_B was obtained).
[156]
A first capacity maintenance rate change curve (C sim1_A ) includes a first test period (△ P C1 ) and the second test period (△ P C2 of the plurality of the time the switch to one another from either a) (t 1 ~ t 18 ) the capacity holding ratio (P estimated from sim1_A that a curve defined by a). The second capacity maintenance rate change curve (C sim1_B ) includes a first test period (△ P C1 ) and the second test period (△ P C2 of the plurality of the time the switch to one another from either a) (t 1 ~ t 18 ) the estimated capacity retention ratio (P in sim1_B a curve defined by a). Also, the actual capacity retention rate (P exp1 ) is a plurality of the time (t 1 ~ t 18 is calculated in a). Accordingly, the estimated capacity retention rate (P sim1_A ) is the estimated capacity retention rate (P sim1_B ) and the actual capacity retention rate (P exp1 ) each of the plurality of the time (t 1 ~ t 18 may be a one-to-one correspondence relative to).
[157]
Control unit 110, a first capacity maintenance rate change curve (C sim1_A the estimated capacity retention rate to define a) (P sim1_A ) the actual capacity retention rate (P exp1 compare) and the second capacity maintenance rate change curve (C sim1_B ) the estimated capacity retention rate (P defining the sim1_B ) the actual capacity retention rate (P exp1 is compared with).
[158]
For example, the control unit 110, the estimated capacity retention rate (P sim1_A ) and the actual capacity retention rate (P exp1 of the set deviation sum (or difference sum) between a) a first result value, and estimates the capacity maintenance rate (P sim1_B ) and the actual capacity retention rate (P exp1 difference sum (or sum of squares difference) between a) a can be set to a second result value.
[159]
Referring to Figure 6, a second degeneration induced test, the third test period (△ P C3 ) and fourth test period (△ P C4 a) the test is repeated with each of nine times alternately. The third test period (△ P C3 ) is a third and a fourth period during which the test cell, each of the charge and the temperature is maintained between the calender conditions of 50% and 45 ℃ 4 weeks each. The fourth testing period (△ P C4 ) is, the temperature is 30 ℃ the third and fourth the cycle state of filling the test cell, respectively 9C (C-rate) in the charge 30% to 60% and discharged at a 6C 2 maintained for a period of weeks.
[160]
In Figure 6, the estimated capacity retention rate (P sim2_A ) and the estimated capacity retention rate (P sim2_B to obtain) and proceeds to the second degeneration induced tests for the third test cell, the actual capacity retention rate (P exp2 ) the second degeneration induced tests for the fourth test cell and proceeds to obtain.
[161]
The second degeneration induced test is confirmed by the graph shown in Figure 6, by substituting the first candidate value for ω in the equation 7, the third capacity maintenance rate change curve (C sim2_A obtained), and the second candidate value of formula 7 substituted in ω by the fourth capacity maintenance rate change curve (C sim2_B was obtained).
[162]
The third capacity maintenance rate change curve (C sim2_A ) is the third test period (△ P C3 ) and fourth test period (△ P C4 ) a plurality of time the conversion of from one to one another (t ' 1 ~ t' 18 ) the estimated capacity retention ratio (P in sim2_A a curve defined by a). In addition, the fourth capacity maintenance rate change curve (C sim2_B ) is the third test period (△ P C3 ) and fourth test period (△ P C4 plurality of time the switch to one another from either a) (t ' 1 ~ t ' 18 in the capacity retention rate at the estimated) (P sim2_B a curve defined by a). Also, the actual capacity retention rate (P exp2 ) is a plurality of the time (t ' 1 ~ t' 18) It is calculated from. Accordingly, the estimated capacity retention rate (P sim2_A ) is the estimated capacity retention rate (P sim2_B ) and the actual capacity retention ratio of (P exp2 ) each of the plurality of the time (t ' 1 ~ t' 18 on the basis of) It may be a one-to-one basis.
[163]
Control unit 110, the third capacity maintenance rate change curve (C sim2_A ) estimating the capacity retention ratio of (P defining the sim2_A ) the actual capacity retention rate (P exp2 compare), and a fourth capacity maintenance rate change curve (C sim2_B ) the estimated capacity retention rate (P defining the sim2_B ) the actual capacity retention rate (P exp2 is compared with).
[164]
For example, the control unit 110, the estimated capacity retention rate (P sim2_A ) and the actual capacity retention rate (P exp2 of the set deviation sum (or difference sum) between) the third result value and estimates the capacity maintenance rate (P sim2_B ) and the actual capacity retention ratio of (P exp2 the deviation sum (or difference between the sum of squares)) it can be set to a fourth result.
[165]
Control unit 110, and calculates a comparison value equal in number to the number of candidate values. Each comparison value is a value summing all results related to the candidate values ​​of any of them. For example, 5 and to Figure 6, the control unit calculating a second comparison value associated with the second candidate value calculating a first comparison value, and associated with the first candidate value. Here, the first comparison value of the first result value and the sum of the third result value and the second compared value is the sum of the second result value and the fourth result value.
[166]
The control unit 110 is set to add to the single candidate value associated with the smallest of the calculated comparison value factor, and can be stored in memory 120. For example, when the first comparison value is smaller than the second comparative value, the control unit 110 may also store the weighting factor in the memory 120 to the same value as the first candidate value. In contrast, when the second comparison value is smaller than the first comparative value, the control unit 110 may also store the weighting factor in the memory 120 to the same value as the second candidate value.
[167]
Embodiments of the invention described above may also be implemented through a program or a program recording medium to realize the functions corresponding to the configuration of the embodiments and are therefore not to be implemented through the above, these implementation from the described device, if expert in the art to which the invention pertains will easily implemented.
[168]
The present invention in the above Although the detailed description and specific examples, the invention is not limited by this is described below with the teachings of the present invention by one of ordinary skill in the art available are various changes and modifications within the equivalent scope of the claims. FIG.
[169]
In addition, the present invention is the invention in those skilled in the art belonging to various substitutions may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention, modifications and changes are possible by the above-described embodiments and the accompanying described above It not limited by the drawings, all or a portion of each of the embodiments so that various modifications may be made to be configured by selectively combining.
[170]

[171]
10: Battery Pack
[172]
20: Secondary Battery
[173]
31: current measuring circuit
[174]
32: temperature measurement circuit
[175]
33: Voltage measurement circuit
[176]
100: capacity retention ratio estimator
[177]
110: control unit
[178]
120: memory
[179]
130: communication unit

WEClaims

[Claim 1]
In from the calender degradation of the secondary battery included in the battery pack even and the cycle degeneration also a device for estimating a capacity retention rate of the secondary battery, each period having a predetermined length of time, of the secondary battery from the sensing unit is installed in the battery pack, the controller configured to receive current information and temperature information, and executes a first main processor and a second main processing in sequence; And storing the weighting factors previously determined, and the memory further storing the first state of charge of the secondary battery to be updated for the period by the execution of the main processing, the cycle degeneration road and calendar degeneration also; includes, the first the main processor, the first sub-process of updating the state of charge stored in the memory on the basis of the current information; A second sub-process of setting any one of a cycle state, and calender conditions as the operating state of the secondary battery based on the current information; And a third updating the cycle degeneration also stored in the memory in the second sub-case by a process in the operation state of the secondary battery is set to a cycle state, based on the updated state of charge, the current information and the temperature information subprocess; and the second main processor, including, the weighting factors, based on a group calendar degeneration also stored in the updated cycle degeneration road and the memory, for estimating a capacity retention rate of the secondary battery, the secondary battery capacity maintenance rate estimator.
[Claim 2]
The method of claim 1, wherein the first sub-process, the current indicated by the current information, and accumulated for the time length, based on the maximum capacity of pre-stored in the said accumulated amount of current and the memory, stored in the memory , the capacity retention rate of secondary battery estimator for updating the state of charge.
[Claim 3]
The method of claim 1, wherein the second sub-process, if the charge-discharge rate corresponding to the current information such as the critical charge-discharge rate, or greater, the capacity of the operating state of the secondary battery, the secondary battery, to set the cycle state holding ratio estimator.
[Claim 4]
The method of claim 1, wherein the memory, then the plurality of the cycle degeneration storage FIG profile are more, the third sub-process, also the plurality of cycle degradation profile of the updated state of charge, the current information and the temperature information from the one cycle degradation matched to Fig first routine of selecting a profile; A second routine for the selected cycle degeneration determine a first reference point associated with the equivalent profile; And the first reference on the basis of the equivalence point, the cycle selected by using the degradation degree profile, a third routine for updating the group cycle degeneration also stored in the memory;, capacity retention rate of secondary battery estimator comprising a.
[Claim 5]
The method of claim 1, wherein the second sub-process, if the charge-discharge rate corresponding to the current information is smaller than a threshold charge and discharge rate, the capacity retention rate of the secondary battery to set the operating state of the secondary battery in said calendar state estimator .
[Claim 6]
The method of claim 1, wherein the first main process, the first to the second sub-case by the process specified in the operation state of the secondary battery to the calender conditions, based on the updated state of charge, the current information and the temperature information the fourth sub-process of updating the calendar degeneration also stored in the memory; capacity retention rate of the secondary battery further comprises: estimator.
[Claim 7]
The method of claim 6, wherein the memory stores, and a plurality of calendar degeneration storage FIG profile are more, the fourth sub-process, either the updated state of charge and in the calender degeneration of the plurality of road profile which is matched to the temperature information a calendar is also degraded fourth routine of selecting the profile; A fifth routine for the selected calendar degeneration determine a second reference point associated with the equivalent profile; And the second based on the basis of the equivalence point, the cycle selected by using the degradation degree profile, a sixth routine for updating the group calendar degeneration also stored in the memory;, capacity retention rate of secondary battery estimator comprising a.
[Claim 8]
The method of claim 1, wherein the second main process, based on the weighting factor, a seventh routine for correcting the cycle degradation. Fig. And said calendar degeneration even and eighth routine based on the cycle degradation is also the corrected, estimating the capacity retention rate of the secondary battery;, capacity retention rate of secondary battery estimator comprising a.
[Claim 9]
The method of claim 1, wherein the weighting factor is determined through a pre-experiment, a constant, the secondary battery capacity retention ratio in the range of 0 to 2 estimator.
[Claim 10]
The capacity retention rate estimator of a secondary battery according to any one of claims 1 to 9; The battery pack comprising a.
[Claim 11]
In calender degradation of the secondary battery included in the battery pack, even and from the cycle degeneration also to a method of estimating the capacity retention rate of the secondary battery, each period having a predetermined length of time, of the secondary battery from the sensing unit is installed in the battery pack, receiving the current information and temperature information; The method comprising activating the first main process; And a second step of activating the main processor; including, but the first main process, the first sub-process of updating the state of charge of the secondary battery based on the current information, the reservoir; A second sub-process of setting any one of a cycle state, and calender conditions as the operating state of the secondary battery based on the current information; The third sub-process of the first to the second sub-case by a process in the operation state of the secondary battery is set to a cycle state, based on the updated state of charge, the current information and the temperature information, and updating the pre-stored cycle degeneration also .; And when the second sub-set by the process in which the calendar state operating state of the secondary battery, the fourth sub based on the updated state of charge, the current information and the temperature information, the group update to FIG stored calendar degeneration process, a second main processor, and wherein a is a predetermined weight factor, the updated the cycle degeneration road and on the basis of the calendar degeneration also, the capacity maintenance rate of the secondary battery for estimating a capacity retention rate of the secondary battery estimated how .