[0001]This application claims priority on October 28, 2015 filed Chinese Patent Application No. 201510714157.5, entitled "apparatus and method for a wireless communication system," the Chinese patent application in its entirety by reference in the present application in.
FIELD
[0002]The present disclosure relates to wireless communication technology, and more particularly, to an antenna based on mass and less radio frequency link to implement a wireless communication system apparatus and method for mixing in a three-dimensional beam forming.
Background technique
[0003]
With the future development of mobile communications, three-dimensional beam forming technology has been more and more attention. Large-scale antenna technology is considered to be one of the key technology of next generation mobile communication (5G) is. FIG 1 shows a large-scale multi-user antenna - multiple input multiple output (MU-MIMO) system is an example of a scene, wherein the cell is provided with a plurality of base stations and a user equipment and a base station that is provided with a plurality of large-scale antenna user equipment to provide services. Since the base station using a large-scale antennas, the spatial resolution of the system is improved. When the antenna array of a planar array, it is possible to realize a three-dimensional beam forming. The prior art has been some research on the three-dimensional beamforming technique in a large-scale antenna conditions. In the prior art, is typically accomplished by providing a three-dimensional beam of the same number of antennas forming a radio frequency link, however, under conditions of large-scale deployment of the antenna, the RF costs will become high technical complexity, the system also It will be high. In order to reduce the cost and complexity of large-scale three-dimensional antenna system with hybrid beam forming technology less radio frequency link to get a lot of attention, but research in this regard is still small.
[0004]
SUMMARY
[0005]
It gives a brief summary of the present disclosure hereinafter, in order to provide a basic understanding of some aspects of the present disclosure. However, it should be understood that this summary is not an exhaustive overview of the disclosure. It is not intended to be used or the critical portion of the present disclosure determines an important part of, nor is it intended to limit the scope of the present disclosure. Its sole purpose is to present some concepts in a simplified form on the present disclosure, as a prelude to the more detailed description that is presented later.
[0006]
In view of the above problems, an object of the present disclosure is to provide an antenna and the use of less massive radio frequency link to a method and apparatus for implementing wireless communications systems in hybrid three dimensional beamforming to achieve superior communication while reducing cost performance.
[0007]
According to an aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a base station apparatus side in a wireless communication system, wherein the base station is provided with a first number of antennas and a second number of radio frequency links, and the second number is smaller than the first number, the apparatus comprising: a rough arrival angle estimation unit is configured based on a second number of antenna selected from the first number and the second number of antennas of radio frequency link, a coarse angle of arrival estimate horizontal and vertical field of domain; candidate arrival angle estimating unit is configured to roughly based on the estimated arrival angle and the beam width of the vertical field and horizontal field are determined according to the number of first antennas and the second number of antennas, and determining a candidate vertical horizontal field angle of arrival domain pair; and precise arrival angle determination unit is configured in accordance with the training signal from a user equipment, computing a difference between the candidate reaches the projected component of the real component of the angle, and the calculated difference value reaches the minimum candidate for the determination of the angle, wherein the component is a projection of the training signal by the base station for a precise angle of arrival of the horizontal and vertical fields of a user equipment domain The actual received signal is projected onto the candidate arrival angle according to the steering vector defined and determined according to the real component of the channel condition parameter between the training signal and the base station and a user equipment determined.
[0008]
According to embodiments of the present disclosure preferred embodiment, the number of the first antenna is a two-dimensional plane array antenna, and a second number of the selected sub-array antenna is a two-dimensional plane array antenna.
[0009]
According to another preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, candidate arrival angle estimation unit is further configured based on a relationship between the level domains are determined according to the first number and the second number of antennas and antenna beamwidth vertical domain candidate determining reaches the number of corners, and in accordance with the determined number, a coarse angle of arrival for determining the angle of arrival of the candidate as the center, so that the number of candidate of the determined angle of arrival of evenly distributed horizontal field is determined according to the second number of antennas and a vertical beam width in a range of fields.
[0010]
According to another preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, a rough arrival angle estimation unit is further configured to estimate the rotational invariance multiple signal classification (Multiple Signal Classification, MUSIC) method or the signal parameters (Estimation of Signal Parameters Via Rotational Invariance Techniques, ESPRIT ) method to estimate the angle of arrival roughly right.
[0011]
According to another preferred embodiment of the present disclosure, showing the difference between the Euclidean distance between the projection component and the real component.
[0012]
According to another embodiment of the present disclosure preferably, the channel comprises a channel condition parameter slowly varying parameters.
[0013]
The present disclosure further preferred embodiment, the apparatus further comprising: an analog beamforming vector generation unit is configured based on the exact angle of arrival to generate an analog beamforming vectors; physical channel determination unit is configured based on the analog beamforming vectors and equivalent channel for upstream sounding reference signal from a user equipment and the estimated, determining the physical channel between a base station and a user equipment; and a digital precoding vector generation unit is configured based on the analog beamforming vectors, a physical channel and a predetermined Acceptance criteria to generate a digital precoding vectors.
[0014]
According to another preferred embodiment of the present disclosure embodiments, the apparatus further comprising: an analog beamforming vector generation unit is configured based on precise angle of arrival of the carrier frequency and generates an analog beamforming vectors; and a digital precoding vector generating unit configured to to generate digital information precoding vectors according to channel state feedback to the user equipment, wherein the channel state information is a user equipment in accordance with the precise angle of arrival of the base station using the reference signal transmitted downlink equivalent channel estimation obtained.
[0015]
According to another preferred embodiment of the present disclosure embodiments, the apparatus is a base station, and the base station further comprising: a communication unit configured to an uplink equivalent channel for the user equipment according to the received uplink data, and the use of digital and analog beamforming precoding vectors vectors for downlink user data transmission device, wherein the uplink equivalent channel is a sounding reference signal from the estimated user equipment.
[0016]
According to another embodiment of the present disclosure preferably, the communication unit is further configured for indicating to the user equipment transmitting a training signal or a sounding reference signal.
[0017]
According to another preferred embodiment of the present disclosure embodiments, the apparatus further comprising: a distance determining unit configured to accurately based on the determined angle of arrival of the base station determines the distance to the user equipment.
[0018]
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a method is also provided a base station side radio communication system, wherein the base station is provided with a first number of antennas and a second number of radio frequency links, and the second number is smaller than the first number , the method comprising: a rough arrival angle estimation step, a second quantity based on the number of selected first antenna and the second antenna of the radio frequency link number, the angle of arrival estimate roughly horizontal and vertical field of domain; candidate arrival angle estimation step, based on the estimated angle of arrival of the coarse beam width and vertical and horizontal fields are determined according to the domain of a first number of antennas and a second number of antennas, to determine the horizontal and vertical field angle of arrival of the candidate domains pair; and a precise angle of arrival determining step of the training signal from the user equipment, computing a difference between the candidate reaches the projected component of the real component of the angle, and the calculated minimum difference in the angle of arrival of the candidate to accurately determine the angle of arrival of the user equipment for the horizontal and vertical field domain, wherein the component is a projection of the actual base station by the training signal The received signal is projected onto the candidate arrival angle of the steering vector defined and determined according to the real component of the channel condition parameter between the training signal and the base station and a user equipment determined.
[0019]
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, an apparatus is also provided a user equipment-side in a wireless communication system, the apparatus comprising: a communication unit configured to transmit the signal to the base training according to an instruction from the base station to a base station for determining the angle of arrival and level domain vertical domain user device, wherein the second number is smaller than the first number with the first number and the second number of antennas of radio frequency link.
[0020]
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, a method is also provided a user equipment side of a wireless communication system, the method comprising: transmitting training signals to the base station according to an instruction from the base station, for a first number of base stations using an antenna radio frequency link and a second number of angle of arrival for determining the horizontal and vertical domain user equipment domain, wherein the second number is smaller than the first number.
[0021]
According to another aspect of the present disclosure, an electronic device is also provided, the electronic device may include a transceiver and the one or more processors, the one or more processors may be configured to perform wireless communication in accordance with the above disclosure of the present the method or system function in the respective units.
[0022]
According to other aspects of the present disclosure is also provided for implementing the above-described computer program code recorded thereon a computer program product and method of the present disclosure and the computer on which the computer program code for realizing the above-described method according to the present disclosure readable storage media.
[0023]
According to the present embodiment of the present disclosure, the manner in two steps to determine the precise angle of arrival of the target region on the horizontal and vertical domains user equipment by using less massive and radio frequency link antenna to achieve the mixing of the three-dimensional beamforming, cost can be reduced , reduce the mutual interference between the user equipment to improve the achievable data rate system.
[0024]
In the present specification are given in the following section embodiments disclosed in other aspects of the embodiment, wherein, for a detailed description of preferred embodiments of the present disclosure embodiment fully disclosed embodiments without applied thereto is defined.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION
[0025]
The present disclosure may be better understood by reference to the following detailed description given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which the same or similar reference numerals in the drawings to refer to the same or like parts. The drawings together with the detailed description are included in a part of the present specification and form of the specification, it serves to further illustrate the embodiments and explain the principles and advantages of the present disclosure of the preferred embodiment of the disclosure. among them:
[0026]
1 is a diagram illustrating a large scale multi-antenna user - a schematic view of a scene (MU-MIMO) system is an example of MIMO;
[0027]
FIG 2 is a schematic illustration of a configuration of a base station for mixing the mass beam MIMO embodiments of the present disclosure according to the illustrated shaped;
[0028]
FIG 3 is a block diagram of a functional configuration example of a base station side radio communication system of the present embodiment of the disclosed embodiment of the apparatus shown;
[0029]
FIG 4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an example configuration according to the present embodiment of the disclosure for coarse arrival angle estimation;
[0030]
FIG 5 is a diagram showing the angle of arrival estimation according to the present disclosure for the alternative embodiment;
[0031]
FIG 6 is a block diagram of another configuration example of the function of the device according to the base station side radio communication system disclosed in the embodiment shown;
[0032]
FIG 7 is a block diagram illustrating another functional configuration example of the apparatus of the base station side radio communication system according to the present embodiment disclosed in;
[0033]
FIG 8 is a block diagram of another configuration example of the function of the device according to the base station side radio communication system disclosed in the embodiment shown;
[0034]
FIG 9 is a block diagram of a functional configuration example of the user equipment side according to the radio communication system disclosed embodiments of the apparatus shown;
[0035]
FIG 10 is a block diagram illustrating another functional configuration example of the apparatus of the user equipment side radio communication system according to the present embodiment disclosed in;
[0036]
FIG 11 is a flowchart illustrating a signaling interaction process in a wireless communication system according to the present embodiment of the disclosed embodiments in accordance with;
[0037]
FIG 12 is a flowchart showing an example of a process of a method of a wireless communication system according to embodiments of the present disclosure of the base station side;
[0038]
FIG 13 is a flowchart showing an example of a process of a method of a user equipment side of a wireless communication system according to embodiments of the present disclosure;
[0039]
FIG 14 is a diagram illustrating application of the present technology, a first exemplary system under conditions of simulated achievable data rate;
[0040]
FIG 15 is a schematic diagram illustrating the data rate of the application of the simulation technology system in a second example of up condition;
[0041]
FIG 16 is a schematic diagram illustrating the data rate of the application of the simulation technology system under conditions up to a third example;
[0042]
FIG 17 is a block diagram illustrating a configuration of a personal computer as the information processing apparatus of the present disclosure may be employed in the embodiment of the embodiment;
[0043]
FIG 18 is a block diagram of a first example of the present technology evolved Node disclosure (eNB) is a schematic configuration may be applied;
[0044]
FIG 19 is a block diagram illustrating a second example of a schematic configuration of eNB may be applied in the art of the present disclosure;
[0045]
FIG 20 is a schematic block diagram illustrating an exemplary configuration of an application technology of the present disclosure may be a smartphone; and
[0046]
FIG 21 is a block diagram illustrating a schematic configuration of the car navigation apparatus disclosed technology may be applied.
detailed description
[0047]
The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. For clarity and conciseness, in the specification are not all features of an actual implementation. However, it should be understood that many decisions must be made to the specific embodiments of the development of any such actual embodiment of the process in order to achieve the developer's specific goals, such as compliance with those restrictions related systems and services, and these restrictions may be subject to change with different embodiments. In addition, it should be understood that, although the development work can be very complex and time-consuming, but the benefit of this disclosure to those skilled in the, this development is only a routine task.
[0048]
Here, also be noted that, in order to avoid unnecessarily obscure the details of the present disclosure, the drawings only shows a program according to the present disclosure closely related device structures, and / or processing steps, omitted additional details of this little public relations.
[0049]
Next, an embodiment of the present disclosure will be described with reference to FIG. 21. 1 to FIG.
[0050]
First, FIG. 2 depicts an example of a large-scale structure according to the present disclosure MIMO base station for forming mixed beam embodiment will be described. FIG 2 is a schematic illustration of a configuration of a base station for mixing the mass beam MIMO embodiments of the present disclosure illustrating formed.
[0051]
2, assume the base station is equipped with T antennas, there are K users in the cell, and there is a radio frequency link between the base station Article G and the user equipment, wherein the following relationship is satisfied: T >> G≥K. That is, the MU-MIMO system, the number is much less than the number of radio links with the base station antennas, and thus can greatly reduce the complexity and cost of the system. It will be appreciated, the three-dimensional beamforming techniques, the user equipment determines the beam direction is at the heart, but since the number of radio links in the system is much less than the number of antennas with the base station, and therefore between the base station and the user equipment to the channel state of access to information presents new challenges.
[0052]
Next, according to the present disclosure based on mass and less radio frequency link antenna embodiment, a two-step manner from the perspective of domain technique for determining a beam direction of the user equipment will be described in detail.
[0053]
FIG 3 is a block diagram of a functional configuration example of a base station side radio communication system of the present embodiment of the disclosed embodiment of the apparatus shown. In the wireless communication system, assuming that the base station is provided with a first number (assumed to be T) antennas and a second number (assumed to be G), radio frequency link, wherein the second number is less than the first number, and there are K users e.g. equipment (1≤K≤G).
[0054]
3, the apparatus 300 according to this example may include a rough arrival angle estimation unit 302, the candidate arrival angle estimation unit 304 and the arrival angle estimation unit 306 accurately.
[0055]
As described above, since the number of radio frequency links is less than the number of antennas, therefore, the present disclosure proposes a two step manner to determine (angle of arrival comprises a horizontal and vertical field domain) the user equipment angle of arrival pair.
[0056]
Rough DOA estimation unit 302 may be configured based on a second number of antenna selected from the first number and the second number of antennas of radio frequency link, a coarse angle of arrival estimate horizontal and vertical region domain pair.
[0057]
FIG 4 is a diagram showing an example of the arrival angle estimation according to the present embodiment of the disclosure for the coarse configuration. 4, through a radio link assigned to each article G in a radio frequency link antenna selected from antennas T G of the antenna. In the present embodiment of the present disclosure, preferably, the first number (i.e., T root) a two-dimensional planar antenna array antennas, and the selected antenna for a G sub-array two-dimensional plane array (including G antennas). It should be noted, when the article G is not limited to radio frequency link antenna assigned specific allocation rules, as long as the selected subarray G antennas constituting the antenna array can be a two-dimensional plane of the T antennas.
[0058]
Preferably, a rough arrival angle estimation unit 302 by a multiple signal classification (Multiple Signal Classification, MUSIC) method or the rotation invariance estimation of signal parameters (Estimation of Signal Parameters Via Rotational Invariance Techniques, ESPRIT) method to estimate the arrival angle of roughly right. The specific estimation method can be found in the relevant prior art is described, which is not repeated herein.
[0059]
Here, we assume that a rough arrival angle estimation unit 302 estimates the level of field and obtained a coarse angle of arrival of the vertical field is due to the use of G antennas in the estimation process, therefore, may be considered angular resolution of 1 / G.
[0060]
Candidate arrival angle estimation unit 304 may be configured based on the estimated angle of arrival of a coarse and a horizontal beam width domains are determined according to the number of first antennas and the second antennas and the number of vertical fields, vertical field domain and determining the level of DOA candidate pair.
[0061]
As described above, when the angular resolution of antennas using G 1 / G, in fact the base station is equipped with T antennas, i.e., the actual angular resolution should be 1 / T. In other words, we need to be based more than a rough estimate of the angle of arrival of further accurately determine the angle of arrival for the target user equipment right.
[0062]
Specifically, the candidate arrival angle estimation unit 304 may be further configured to determine the number of candidates are based on angle of arrival based on a relationship between the domain of the first level and a second number of antennas determine the number of antenna beam width and vertical field and in accordance with the determined number, a coarse angle of arrival for determining the angle of arrival of the candidate as the center, so that the number of candidate of the determined angle of arrival of evenly distributed horizontal beam and the vertical field is determined according to the second domain of the number of antennas the range of the width.
[0063]
Specifically, here as a half power beam width of the beam width will be described example, but the beam width is not limited to this meaning. Since the base station using a two-dimensional plane array antenna uniformly distributed, so, when the T antennas, the vertical half-power beamwidth can be defined as the following equation (1):
[0064]
[Number 0001]

[0065]
Wherein, λ represents a wavelength, [theta] 0 is the vertical angle of arrival.
[0066]
Horizontal half power beam width may be defined as the following equation (2):
[0067]
[Number 0002]

[0068]
Accordingly obtained vertical and horizontal half-power beam width at half-power beamwidth antennas using G. Half power beam width angle due to the use of G antennas resolution less than the angular resolution when using the T antennas is therefore evident that the use of G antennas greater than the half power beam width of the T antennas. Possible candidates may be determined on the angle of arrival based on the number of numerical relationship between the G and T. Specifically, as an example, define the following variables q, for example, represented by the following equation (3):
[0069]
[0070]
Wherein represents a rounding-down operation, q that is based on the coarse angle of arrival may represent the estimated number of candidate domains horizontal and vertical field angle of arrival, then the candidate is on the angle of arrival quantity q × q.
[0071]
Then, based on the determined amount, a coarse angle of arrival for determining candidate center angle of arrival of the so determined number of candidate angles of arrival of uniformly distributed in accordance with a half power beam level domain G antennas determined and vertical domains the range of the width. Specifically, for example, the angle of arrival of the candidate may be determined by the following equation (4):
[0072]
[Number 0003]

[0073]
Wherein, l, j = 1, ..., q, respectively, number of angle of arrival of the vertical and horizontal directions.
[0074]
FIG 5 is a diagram showing the angle of arrival estimation according to the present disclosure for the alternative embodiment. In FIG. 5, the symbol "●" represents the above-described arrival angle estimation unit 302 roughly estimated arrival angle on the coarse symbol "×" represents, for example according to the above equation (4) the determined angle of arrival of the candidate pairs. As can be seen from FIG. 5, the angle of arrival of the candidate to the center of the coarse angle of arrival, based on the domain level in accordance with a half power beam antennas determined G and the vertical width of the range, for example domain above the determined number of uniformly distributed q Inside.
[0075]
It should be noted, are given above for determining the number of angles of arrival of the candidate and determining candidate arrival angle on the distribution of the equation (3) and Equation (4) are only preferred examples, and those skilled in the art according to the present principles disclosed modifications to the above equation (3) and equation (4), and such modifications should be considered within the scope of the present disclosure. As an exemplary embodiment, the candidate arrival angle estimation unit 304 may be a rough estimation of the arrival angle and the beam width according to the horizontal and vertical domains domain G of the determined antennas, a coarse estimation of the angle of arrival of the center, in the vicinity thereof at predetermined angular intervals (e.g., 1 ° phase difference between the respective candidate arrival angle) of a predetermined number of candidate determined angle of arrival pair.
[0076]
Precise angle of arrival determination unit 306 may be configured in accordance with the training signal from the user device, calculating a difference between the projection component on angle of arrival of the candidate with the real component and the calculated difference between the minimum angle of arrival of the candidate determined as for the precise angle of arrival level domain user equipment and the vertical domain to which projection component by the base station actually received signal projection training signals to according to the candidate arrival angle of the steering vector defined and determined, the real component the condition parameter is a channel between the training signal and the base station and the user equipment determined.
[0077]
Preferably, the difference may represent the Euclidean distance between the projection component and the real component, and said channel may include a channel condition parameter slowly varying parameters, including, for example, large-scale fading and Rayleigh fading coefficient K factor.
[0078]
Specifically, as an example, where the channel to Rice model as an example to describe precisely determine the angle of arrival of the process. Precise angle of arrival determination unit 306 may be determined according to the angle of arrival of the candidate pairs defined for each user equipment by the base station within the cell coverage of a set of steering vectors, for example, the steering vector by the following expression (5) and (6) To represent:
[0079]
[Number 0004]

[0080]
[Number 0005]

[0081]
Wherein, K represents the number of cells covered by the base station in the memory of the user equipment, and q represents the angle of arrival according to the number of candidates, for example, horizontal and vertical domains domain determined as described above.
[0082]
Then, the precise angle of arrival determination unit 306 of the base station signal actually received training signal from the user equipment (here represented by a vector y) is mapped to the spatial coordinates, and for example, the definition of a projected component:
[0083]
[Number 0006]

[0084]
Next, among the K users for the k-th user equipment device, the base station is assumed known channel condition parameter for the k-th user equipment (i.e., including the large-scale fading and Rayleigh fading coefficient K factor), the precise angle of arrival determination unit 306 may be, for example, by a search process to determine the precise angle of arrival of the k-th user equipment, the search process, obtained by a projection component and the above calculated difference between the real component of the estimated in candidate determining the angle of arrival of the precise angle of arrival of the k-th user device pair. As an example, the search process, for example, may be represented by the following equation (8):
[0085]
[Number 0007]

[0086]
Wherein, X k is a user equipment according to an instruction issued from a base station, a base station to determine the precise angle of arrival of the training signal and the base station is known, G (k) represents the k-th user equipment from the base station to the large-scale fading coefficient, [kappa] (k) denotes the k-th user equipment Rayleigh fading Rice channel factor K, represents the real component of the above-described example, which is a training signal X k condition parameter and the channel between the base station and the user equipment definite.
[0087]
Thus, by calculating the Euclidean distance between the projection component and the real component, the precise angle of arrival may be determined for each user of the device according to the minimum distance criterion, which can determine the beam direction for the user device. Thus, the beam weights k-th user's weight may be represented as the following equation (9):
[0088]
[Number 0008]

[0089]
It should be understood, the above expression for determining the exact angle of arrival (5) to (9) are only preferred examples, and those skilled in the art to the above-described calculation expression may be modified in accordance with the principles of the present disclosure, as long as such modifications It can represent a real received signal to the difference between the received signal training signal in accordance with the angle of arrival candidates.
[0090]
It can be seen from the above description, according to the present embodiment of the present disclosure, in the case of a smaller number of large-scale antenna and radio link, the beam direction can be determined accurately for each user equipment through a two-way (i.e., first determining the angle of arrival of a coarse, then to determine a precise angle of arrival), this way, to optimize system performance while reducing cost. Then, the base station may (i.e., the beam direction) of the user equipment receives the uplink data and downlink data transmission according to the determined angle of arrival accuracy. In time division duplex mode, the uplink channel and downlink channel having reciprocity, so the base station can be used for downlink data transmission and the same analog beamforming vectors and digital pre-coding vector uplink reception process, in a frequency division duplex mode , the uplink channel and downlink channel having no reciprocity, so in order to realize a three-dimensional beamforming, the user equipment needs to estimate the downlink channel state information and the estimated downlink channel state information to the base station to a base station for downlink data transmission. The configuration example in a time division duplexing mode and a frequency division means at the base station side of the duplex mode is described below with reference to FIGS. 6 and 7, respectively.
[0091]
FIG 6 is a block diagram of another configuration example of the function of the device according to the base station side radio communication system disclosed in the embodiment shown. Example shown in Figure 6 is generally applicable to time division duplex mode.
[0092]
As shown, the apparatus 600 according to this example may comprise roughly 6 arrival angle estimation unit 602, the candidate arrival angle estimation unit 604, the precise angle of arrival determination unit 606, analog beamforming vector generation unit 608, a physical channel determination unit 610 and the digital precoding vector generation unit 612. Wherein a rough arrival angle estimation unit 602, the candidate arrival angle estimation unit 604 and the precise angle of arrival determination unit 606 is a functional configuration example above with reference to each respective functional unit of FIG. 3 depicts an example of a configuration substantially the same and will not be repeated. Hereinafter, a detailed description will only be analog beamforming vector generation unit 608, a physical channel number determination unit 610 and the precoding vector generation function unit 612 of the configuration example.
[0093]
Analog beamforming vector generating unit 608 may be configured based on the determined angle of arrival accuracy of the simulation generating beamforming vectors.
[0094]
In particular, each beam of the weight of the user equipment can be re-determined by the above-mentioned expressions (5) to (9) in accordance with W K is represented, so that for a cell in the presence of K user equipment, the base station analog beamforming vector is obtained : [W . 1 , W 2 , ..., W K ].
[0095]
Physical channel determination unit 610 may be configured based on the analog beamforming vectors based on the detection and the reference signal from the user equipment and uplink equivalent channel estimation, determines the physical channel between the base station and the user equipment.
[0096]
Specifically, after analog beamforming receiving, from the user to the base station equivalent channel may be expressed as: where, (·) H denotes conjugate transpose, the uplink equivalent channel sounding may be based on a user equipment according to an instruction of the base station and transmitted a reference signal (Sounding reference signal, SRS) is estimated. Forming vectors and estimated according to the determined equivalent analog beamforming uplink channel, a physical channel determination unit 610 may determine the physical channel H. It should be understood, as described above, in a time division duplex mode, uplink and downlink channels having channel reciprocity, so that the physical channel H may be used for receiving uplink data and downlink data transmission.
[0097]
Digital precoding vector generating unit 612 may be configured based on the analog beamforming vectors, the determined physical channel and receive a predetermined criterion to generate a digital precoding vectors.
[0098]
Digital Pre-coding may use a minimum mean square difference (Minimum Mean Square Error, MMSE) or zero-forcing precoding (Zero Forcing, ZF) precoding. When using zero-forcing precoding, for example, a digital precoding vector (10) is determined according to the expression:
[0099]
(H T[w1,w2,…,wk]*) -1 (10)
[0100]
Thus, the base station may be user equipment according to the uplink equivalent channel receiving uplink data, and utilizes the analog beam forming vector and the determined number of the user equipment precoding vector for downlink data transmission, thereby achieving a three-dimensional beam forming.
[0101]
Specifically, in the case where the received uplink data, the base station received signal can be expressed as:
[0102]
y = Hx + n
[0103]
Wherein, X = [X . 1 , X 2 , ..., X K ] T , X k is the k-th transmission signal of the user equipment, (·) T denotes transposition, n is a noise vector.
[0104]
In this case, the minimum MSE value may be employed (MMSE) receiver algorithm or zero-forcing (ZF) algorithm receives data reception:
[0105]
[Number 0009]

[0106]
among them,
[0107]
In the case of downlink data transmission, when, for example using zero-forcing precoding, K user equipment receives data from the base station can be expressed as:
[0108]
[0109]
Wherein, A = [A . 1 , A 2 , ..., A K ], A k is the k-th base station transmits a signal to the user equipment, z is the noise vector (·) * denotes the adjoint matrix. As can be seen, there is no mutual interference between the user equipment, which can improve the quality of user signal receiving apparatus.
[0110]
Function of the device will be described in the case where the base station side frequency division duplex mode configuration example below with reference to FIG. FIG 7 is a block diagram of another configuration example of the function of the device according to the base station side radio communication system disclosed in the embodiment shown. The example shown in Figure 7 is generally applicable to frequency division duplex mode.
[0111]
As shown, the apparatus 700 according to this example may comprise roughly 7 arrival angle estimation unit 702, the candidate arrival angle estimation unit 704, a precise angle of arrival determination unit 706, analog beamforming vector generation unit 708 and a digital pre-coding vector generation unit 710 . Wherein a rough arrival angle estimation unit 702, the candidate arrival angle estimation unit 704 and the precise angle of arrival determining function unit 706 of the above configuration example with reference to the example of the configuration substantially the same as the corresponding units described in FIG. 3, is not repeated. The following detailed description will only be analog beamforming vector generation unit 708 and the digital precoding vector generation function unit 710 of the configuration example.
[0112]
Analog beamforming vector generating unit 708 may be configured based on the angle of arrival accuracy of the carrier frequency and generates an analog beamforming vectors.
[0113]
Digital precoding vector generating unit 710 may be configured information according to a channel state by the user equipment to generate a digital precoding vectors, wherein the channel state information is a user equipment precise angle of arrival of the reference signal transmitted downlink equivalent channel from the base station using the resulting estimates.
[0114]
In a frequency division duplex mode, since the uplink and downlink channels having no channel reciprocity is required by the user equipment estimates downlink channel state information and feedback to the base station. Specifically, in a frequency division duplex mode, the base station will utilize the determined angle of arrival accuracy of a downlink directivity beam, and based on the determined angle of arrival accuracy of the reference signal is transmitted to a user equipment (e.g., cell-specific reference signal (cell-specific reference signal, CRS), a channel state indication - the reference signal (channel status Indicator-reference signal, CSI-RS), etc.) for a user equipment downlink channel state estimation, and the digital precoding vector generating unit 810 may digital precoding vector downlink data transmission according to the downlink channel state feedback information of the user equipment generates a.
[0115]
Then, the case where the time division duplex mode is similar to the base station may be user equipment receives the uplink data according to the uplink equivalent channel, the user equipment and downlink data transmission using analog and digital beamforming vectors precoding vectors, wherein the uplink based on the equivalent channel sounding reference signal from the estimated user equipment. Specific downlink data reception and uplink data transmission process with the above-described time division duplex mode is substantially the same, are not repeated here.
[0116]
Preferably, the base station side apparatus 300, 600 and 700 may be separate processing chip located on the base station side, or may be a base station itself, and in this case, the base station may further include a communication unit, the communication unit may be configured to The equivalent channel for the uplink user equipment receives the uplink data, and utilizes the analog and digital beamforming vectors of the user equipment precoding vector for downlink data transmission.
[0117]
Preferably, the communication unit may be configured to indicate to the user equipment transmits a training signal or transmitting a sounding reference signal.
[0118]
In the embodiment described above, by the precise angle of arrival is determined for each user equipment domain horizontal and vertical fields of, orientation can be achieved for an accurate positioning of the user equipment. FIG description of the configuration of the user from the positioning device of the present embodiment can achieve the disclosed embodiment 8 in accordance with the following drawings.
[0119]
FIG 8 is a block diagram of a functional configuration example of the base station side radio communication system according to another embodiment of the present disclosure of embodiments of the apparatus shown.

Claims

[Claim 1]An apparatus for the base station side radio communication system, wherein the base station is provided with a first number of antennas and a second number of radio frequency links, and the second number is smaller than the first number, the apparatus comprising : rough arrival angle estimation unit is configured to roughly selected based on the angle of arrival of the first number of antennas and a second number of the second number of antennas radio frequency link, estimated horizontal and vertical domains domain on; candidate arrival angle estimation unit is configured to roughly based on the estimated arrival angle and the beam width of the vertical field and horizontal field are determined based on the number of first antennas and the second number of antennas, to determine the level of domain and candidate vertical field of angle of arrival; and precise arrival angle determination unit is configured in accordance with the training signal from a user equipment, computing candidate with respect to the difference between the arrival angle of the projected component of the real component, and the calculated minimum difference in angles of arrival of the candidate to the precise angle of arrival for determining the level of the user equipment domain and the vertical field, wherein the projection points The base station is a signal actually received training signals to the projector is determined based on the angle of arrival of the candidate vectors defined by the guide, said real component and said training signal in accordance with the base station and the channel conditions between the user device parameters determined.
[Claim 2]
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the first number of antennas is two-dimensional plane array antenna, and the second number of antennas is selected from the two-dimensional plane array antenna subarrays.
[Claim 3]
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the candidate arrival angle estimation unit is further configured based on the horizontal beam width of domains are determined based on the number of first antennas and the second number of antennas and vertical domains determining a relationship between the angle of arrival of the number of candidates, and in accordance with the determined number to the coarse angle of arrival determining the angle of arrival of the candidate center, so that the number of candidate of the determined angle of arrival uniform distributed in the range of the horizontal beam width and the vertical field domain determined according to the second number of antennas.
[Claim 4]
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the coarse arrival angle estimation unit is further configured to estimate the rotational invariance ESPRIT a multiple signal classification method or the MUSIC method estimates signal parameters coarse angle of arrival of the pair.
[Claim 5]
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the difference represents the Euclidean distance between the projection component and the real component.
[Claim 6]
The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the channel conditions include a channel parameter slowly varying parameters.
[Claim 7]
The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: an analog beamforming vector generation unit is configured to, based on the angle of arrival to generate accurate analog beamforming vectors; beam based on the analog physical channel determination unit is configured into a shaped the vector and the sounding reference signal from the user equipment and uplink equivalent channel estimation, determines the physical channel between the base station and the user equipment; and a digital precoding vector generation unit is configured based on the analog beamforming vectors, and the physical channel receiving a predetermined criterion to generate a digital precoding vectors.
[Claim 8]
The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: an analog beamforming vector generating unit configured to generate an analog beamforming vector based on the precise angle of arrival and carrier frequency; and precoding vector number generation unit, configured to generating a digital precoding vectors based on the channel state information fed back the user equipment, wherein the channel state information of the user equipment is the precise angle of arrival of the downlink reference signal transmitted according to the equivalent channel estimation using the base station obtained.
[Claim 9]
Means 7 or claim 8, wherein said apparatus is a base station, and the base station further comprising: a communication unit configured to receive the uplink equivalent channel for the uplink user data of the device according to, and using the analog digital beamforming vector and the precoding vectors of the user equipment downlink data transmission, wherein the uplink equivalent channel is a sounding reference signal from the user equipment and estimated.
[Claim 10]
The apparatus according to claim 9, wherein the communication unit is further configured to transmit to the user equipment for transmitting the training signal or the reference signal indicative of the detection.
[Claim 11]
The apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising: a distance determining unit configured to accurately based on the determined angle of arrival of the base station determines the distance to the user equipment.
[Claim 12]
A method of base station side radio communication system, wherein the base station is provided with a first number of antennas and a second number of radio frequency links, and the second number being less than said first number, said method comprising : rough arrival angle estimation step based on the first number of the selected antenna and a second number of the second number of antennas radio frequency link, a rough estimate of the angle of arrival horizontal and vertical region domain ; candidate arrival angle estimation step of the coarse angle of arrival based on the estimated level and the beam width domains are determined based on the number of first antennas and the second number of antennas and the vertical domain, and determining the level domain candidate vertical field of angle of arrival; and precisely calculated and the angle of arrival determining step of the training signal from the user equipment, computing candidate with respect to the difference between the arrival angle of the projected component of the real component, minimum difference between angles of arrival of the candidate identified as the precise angle of arrival of the field for the horizontal and vertical fields of the user equipment, wherein the component is formed by the projection The base station according to the angle of arrival of the candidate vectors defined guide the actual determined received signal training signals to the projector, according to the real component of the training signal and between the base station and the user equipment channel condition parameters determined.
[Claim 13]
The method of claim 12, wherein the first number of antennas is two-dimensional plane array antenna, and the second number of antennas is selected from the two-dimensional plane array antenna subarrays.
[Claim 14]
The method of claim 12, wherein, in the candidate arrival angle estimation step based on the horizontal beam width domains are determined based on the first number and the second number of antennas and the antennas of vertical domains determining the relationship between the number of candidates for the arrival angle, and in accordance with the determined number to the coarse angle of arrival is determined as the center of the angle of arrival for candidate, so that the determined number of candidate angles of arrival of uniformly beam width in the range of the distribution of vertical and horizontal field domain determined according to the second number of antennas.
[Claim 15]
The method of claim 12, wherein, in the coarse arrival angle estimation step, the estimation rotational invariance MUSIC ESPRIT method or multi classification signal parameters signal arrival angle estimating the coarse pair.
[Claim 16]
The method of claim 12, wherein the difference represents the Euclidean distance between the projection component and the real component.
[Claim 17]
The method according to claim 12, wherein the channel conditions include a channel parameter slowly varying parameters.
[Claim 18]
The method according to claim 12, further comprising: an analog beamforming vector generation step, based on the angle of arrival accuracy analog beamforming vector being generated; physical channel determining step, based on the analog beamforming vectors and the sounding reference signal from the user equipment and uplink equivalent channel estimation, determining the physical channel between the base station and the user equipment; and a digital precoding vector generation step, based on the analog beamforming vectors the physical channel receiving a predetermined criterion and generating a digital precoding vectors.
[Claim 19]
The method according to claim 12, further comprising: an analog beamforming vector generation step, based on the angle of arrival accuracy of the carrier frequency and generates an analog beamforming vectors; and a digital precoding vector generation step, according to the said channel state information fed back the user equipment precoding vector numbers generated, wherein the channel state information of the user equipment is the precise angle of arrival of the downlink reference signal transmitted according to the equivalent channel estimation obtained using the base station of.
[Claim 20]
The method according to claim 18 or claim 19, further comprising: a communication step of, configured to receive the uplink equivalent channel for the uplink user data of the device according to, and using the analog digital beamforming vector and the precoding vector the user equipment for downlink data transmission, wherein the uplink equivalent channel is a sounding reference signal from the user equipment and estimated.
[Claim 21]
The method according to claim 20, wherein, in said communication step, and also sends a signal indicative of the training or transmit the sounding reference signal to the user equipment.
[Claim 22]
The method according to claim 12, further comprising: a step of determining the distance, a distance according to the determined angle of arrival accuracy of determining the base station to the user equipment.
[Claim 23]
A radio communication system, user equipment side apparatus, said apparatus comprising: a base station using a first number of said communication unit, and configured to transmit training signals to the base station according to an instruction from a base station to an antenna and a second number of radio links for the determined angle of arrival of the horizontal and vertical region domain the user equipment, wherein the second number is smaller than the first number.
[Claim 24]
The apparatus of claim 23, wherein the communication unit is further configured to transmit the uplink sounding reference signal for channel estimation is equivalent to the base station according to an instruction from the base station.
[Claim 25]
The apparatus of claim 23, further comprising: a downlink equivalent channel estimation unit configured to perform equivalent channel downlink reference signal from the base station estimates to obtain channel state information for such downlink data to the base station transmission, wherein the reference signal is the base station based on the angle of arrival of the transmission, wherein the communication unit is further configured to transmit the channel state information to the base station.
[Claim 26]
A user equipment side of a wireless communication system, the method comprising: transmitting training signals to the base station according to an instruction from the base station to the base station for using the first number and the second number of antennas of RF determination of the angle of arrival link for the horizontal and vertical region domain the user equipment, wherein the second number is smaller than the first number.