Description: BALANITES AEGYPTIACA EXTRACTS FOR PREPARING A COMPOSITION FOR CONTROLLING MELANOGENESIS
BACKGROUND
Technical Field
[0001] The embodiments herein generally relate to balanitis aegyptiaca extracts for preparing a composition for controlling melanogenesis.
Description of the Related Art
[0002] Saponins often referred to as a natural detergent because of their foamy texture, are a class of complex glycosides mainly found in a variety of higher plants as secondary metabolites. Saponins possess a variety of bioactive qualities: they are cytotoxic, antifungal, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, etc. Saponins are also considered to be the major effective component of many traditional medicines. Saponins are amphiphilic molecules consisting of a hydrophobic aglycone linked to one or more hydrophilic sugar moieties. Saponins are classified as triterpenoids, steroids, or steroid alkaloids, based on the structure of the aglycone, and mono desmoid, bi desmoid, or tri desmoid according to the number of sugar moieties attached to the aglycone. Hexoses, 6-de hydroxy hexoses, pentoses, and uronic acids are the most common sugar residues in the saponin molecules. The sugar moiety is linked to the aglycone through an ether or ester glycosidic linkage. Saponins have been known to cause substantial enhancement in immune responses, hence they have been used as delivery adjuvants in veterinary vaccines. Many saponin-containing plants have been exploited for commercial saponin production. Although it has been reported that B. aegyptiaca contains saponin.
[0003] Nanoparticles exhibit completely new or improved properties compared to their corresponding bulk materials. Because of their size, catalytic property, ability to deliver the drug, increased efficacy, and decreased toxicity, nanotechnology finds applications in various fields including healthcare, defense, and day-to-day life. Balanites aegyptiaca is a species of tree, classified either as a member of the Zygophyllaceae or the Balanitaceae. Zygophyllaceae is a family of flowering plants, which is a wild evergreen tree grown in dry and savannah areas of Africa, the Middle East, and South Asia. The fruits of the tree, Balanites aegyptiaca. Delile, are edible and known as desert dates. Balanites aegyptiaca. Delile is also known in Arabic as Lalob or Hegleeg. The plant has multipurpose medicinal applications. In traditional medicine, Balanites herb is used as a complementary therapy for different diseases in the African subcontinent and other countries. Interestingly, Balanites herb has displayed promising performance in laboratory studies on HIV/AIDS patients. Balanites seed extract has been used as an anticancer agent and fruit mesocarp extract is a fasciolicidal agent, which is related to their polar constituents.
[0004] Preferably, said control agent being an active agent on the DKK1 / DKK3 ratio, said composition contains at least one plant extract selected either in the group consisting of the family Bignoniaceae genus Arrabidaea and the family Balanitaceae as an active control agent in the direction of an increase in said ratio to inhibit melanogenesis, especially for depigmentation purposes, so it was formed group formed by the fam it of the Annonaceae genus Monodora and the family of Clusiaceae genus Calophyllum as an active control agent in the direction of a decrease of said ratio to lift the inhibition, especially for purposes of repigmentation. It should be noted that an active agent on the DKK1 / DKK3 ratio means an active control agent on the production of cell mediators DKK1 and DKK3 involved in melanogenesis.
SUMMARY
[0005] In view of the foregoing, an embodiment herein provides balanitis aegyptiaca extracts for preparing a composition for controlling melanogenesis. It has also been found that plant extracts rich in saponins such as Quillaja Saponaria and B. aegyptiaca accelerate the delivery of herbicides through isolated cuticle membranes and can thus be used as foliage and root system penetrants for the delivery of agrochemicals. It has further been found that adding saponin-rich plant extracts such as B. aegyptiaca extracts rich in saponins to irrigation water applied to the bases of cuttings and seedlings significantly increased the number of roots formed and their length and addition of said extracts to low-quality saline irrigation water enhanced the germination of the seeds and the development of the germinated seedlings. The oral administration of the freeze-dried substance prepared from die bark aqueous extract to rats was without have any significant effect on blood cellular elements or plasma constituents, although doses used were greater than the dose used in Sudanese folk medicine to treat jaundice. The extracts did not induce any tcratogomc effects in newborn pups. The addition of the powdered bark to the chick diet was without effects on body weight gain, blood cellular elements, or scrum constituents. However, the ethanolic extract of the powdered bark when orally administered showed signs of liver toxicity. Similarly, the injection of this extract into chicks induced liver hematoma and adhesion of abdominal & thoracic organs without a significant effect on the serum constituents. Such effects were not observed in rats when the aqueous extract was used orally. The ethanolic extract observed toxicity in chicks may be due to alcohol-soluble constituents such as more saponins.
[0006] A method for preparing nanoparticles can include dissolving Balanites Aegyptiaca powder in an organic solvent to form a solution; adding the solution to boiling water under ultrasonic conditions to form a mixture; and stirring the mixture at a temperature of about 24° C. and a speed of about 2000 rpm to obtain Balanites Aegyptiaca nanoparticles. Preferably, the composition is applied topically and is in particular in the form of a lotion, gel, cream or ointment, or emulsion oil in water or water in oil, powder, or capsules fixed on textile support, or impregnated wipe. In the first embodiment of the invention, said composition is a pharmaceutical composition, in particular a dermatological composition, which contains at least one plant extract chosen from the group formed by the family Bignoniaceae genus Arrabidaea and the family Balanitaceae as the active agent. in an amount effective to treat or prevent disorders, particularly hyperpigmented disorders related to melanogenesis such as freckles, post-inflammatory hyperpigmentations due to abrasion, a burn scar, dermatitis, contact allergy, nevi, chloasma, age spots or atypical hyperpigmentations.
[0007] The subject of the invention is also a method for the cosmetic control of melanogenesis in a mammal comprising at least one step of administering an effective amount of a plant extract chosen from the group formed by the family Bignoniaceae. genus Arrabidaea, the family Balanitaceae, the family Annonaceae genus Monodora and the family Clusiaceae genus Calophyllum, led it extracted plant being preferably in the form of an extract of Arrabidaea leaves or a delipidated seed extract Balanitaceae or Monodora seed extract or delipidated Calophyllum inophyllum seed extract. In a first particular mode of implementation of the method, the method for the cosmetic control of melanogenesis, in particular of a cosmetic treatment intended to attenuate or eliminate the pigmentary spots of the skin and/or to lighten the complexion, is characterized in that it comprises the application to at least one area of the skin of a depigmenting cosmetic composition of the aforementioned type. Another particular mode of implementation of the method is the method for the cosmetic control of melanogenesis, in particular of cosmetic care intended to reduce or eliminate white spots on the skin and/or to homogenize the complexion type melts. dyed and/or to be prepared in the sun is characterized in that it comprises the application to at least one area of the skin of a depigmenting cosmetic composition of the aforementioned type.
[0008] Clusiaceae genus Calophyllum for the manufacture of the pharmaceutical composition, in particular dermatological, or cosmetic, used to prevent and/or treat hyper pigmentary or hypo pigmentary disorders or to prevent and/or fight against aesthetic difficulties resulting from melanogenesis disorder, in particular against photo-induced or chronological aging of the skin and integuments. The subject of the invention is also a composition containing a plant extract chosen from the group formed by the family Bignoniaceae genus Arrabidaea, the family Balanitaceae, the family Annonaceae genus Monodora, and the family Clusiaceae genus Calophyllum for use as a composition pharmaceutical, in particular dermatological, or cosmetic used to prevent and/or treat hyper pigmentary or hypo pigmentary disorders or to prevent and/or fight against aesthetic disasters resulting from the disorder of melanogenesis, in particular against the photo-induced or chronological aging of the skin and integuments.
[0009] Inhibiting melanogenesis controls copper, an essential component of the active site of tyrosinase, an enzyme involved in melanogenesis, or tyrosinase-related protein I. And the development of substances that inactivate enzyme activity or inhibit the production of melanin intermediates by controlling iron ions, an essential component of tyrosinase-related protein II. A week has come. Kojic acid, arbutin, vitamin C derivatives, rucinol, and the like are known as representative whitening agents. In addition to these whitening ingredients, whitening cosmetics often contain sunscreen as an auxiliary ingredient, and research on technology development on stability and transdermal absorption for maximizing the effects of functional ingredients contained in cosmetics is being conducted. In particular, retinol, vitamin C, arbutin, and sphingolipid, which are key ingredients, are very unstable in light, temperature, and air, and thus, research on raw material stabilization technology is actively conducted to overcome them. As human genome research has recently reached completion, inhibitors or tyrosinase can control the synthesis of tyrosinase protein by controlling the promoter region of the tyrosinase gene, which plays the most important role in the skin whitening mechanism. The development of a whitening agent that utilizes the results of research at the gene level, such as an inhibitor that inactivates the mRNA of the agent, is expected to proceed.
[0010] These and other aspects of the embodiments herein will be better appreciated and understood when considered in conjunction with the following description and the accompanying drawings. It should be understood, however, that the following descriptions, while indicating preferred embodiments and numerous specific details thereof, are given by way of illustration and not of limitation. Many changes and modifications may be made within the scope of the embodiments herein without departing from the spirit thereof, and the embodiments herein include all such modifications.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0011] The embodiments herein will be better understood from the following detailed description with reference to the drawings, in which:
[0012] Fig. 1 illustrates a balanites aegyptiaca extracts for preparing a composition for controlling melanogenesis according to certain embodiments herein; and
[0013] FIG. 2 illustrates the time-course effect of Balanites mesocarp, kernel, and root saponins, in comparison to Quillaja Saponaria extract saponin as well as to deionized distilled water and the nonionic surfactant Triton, on the penetration rate of across the Citrus grandis leaf cuticle membrane according to certain embodiments herein.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS
[0014] The embodiments herein and the various features and advantageous details thereof are explained more fully with reference to the non-limiting embodiments that are illustrated in the accompanying drawings and detailed in the following description. Descriptions of well-known components and processing techniques are omitted so as to not unnecessarily obscure the embodiments herein. The examples used herein are intended merely to facilitate an understanding of ways in which the embodiments herein may be practiced and to further enable those of skill in the art to practice the embodiments herein. Accordingly, the examples should not be construed as limiting the scope of the embodiments herein.
[0015] Fig. 1 illustrates a balanites aegyptiaca extract for preparing a composition for controlling melanogenesis according to certain embodiments herein. This report consists of three parts. Part one deals with the general introduction to Balaniies aegyptiaca including its taxonomy, botanical characters, chemical constituents, medicinal folk uses, and economic uses. Part two includes some pharmacological and toxicological tests using B-aegypUaca aqueous extract. The biosynthesized metal, metal oxide, and/or Balanites aegyptiaca nanoparticles can be used in inhibiting the growth or proliferation of a cancer cell. The cancer cell can be contacted with an effective amount of the metal, metal oxide, and/or Balanites aegyptiaca nanoparticles, synthesized according to the present methods. The cancer cell can be lung cancer or colon cancer but is not limited to these cancers. The biosynthesized metal, metal oxide, and/or Balanites aegyptiaca nanoparticles can be used in inhibiting microbial activity. an effective amount of the metal, metal oxide, and/or Balanites aegyptiaca nanoparticles can be administered to a site of microbial activity. The microorganisms can be selected from the group consisting of fungi, gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria.
[0016] Screening of melanogenesis inhibitors or promoters using the expression level of Rho GDI-α can be confirmed by immunoassay to determine whether the test substance promotes or inhibits the expression of Rho GDI-α protein. The method may be performed by transfecting a plasmid containing a reporter gene including a promoter into a cell and treating the cell with a test substance to determine whether the test substance promotes or inhibits the expression of the reporter gene. Can be. The reporter gene assay for screening the melanin inhibitor or promoter uses a reporter gene vector prepared by a general molecular biology technique. As the reporter gene, a firefly luciferase gene or a Gaussian luciferase gene may be used. Promoters of Rho GDI-α can be readily designed and obtained by those skilled in the art using gene IDs from the US NCBI database. After transfection of the prepared plasmid to primary cultured melanocytes or immortalized melanocytes or melanoma cells, the melanogenesis inhibitor or promoter candidate drug was treated and the luciferase activity was measured by a luminometer. The effect of the inhibitor or promoter candidate drug on the expression of Rho GDI-α can be confirmed. production amount x 0, test substance, that is a substance capable of controlling the direction of decreasing the melanin synthesis through a GM-CSF produced in the keratinocytes, a load of mechanical distention It becomes an indicator. On the other hand, when the GM-CSF production amount x 1 is larger than the GM-CSF production amount x, the test substance is controlled to increase the melanin production via GM-CSF produced in the keratinocytes by the load of the extension stimulus. It becomes an indicator of being a possible substance.
[0017] The mixture of B16 melanoma cells and heat cells In the case of culture, it can be seen that the melanin production rate. Thus, it can be seen that melanin production promoting the action of B16 melanoma cells by extension stimulation is further enhanced by the coexistence of heat cells. Therefore, it is suggested that heat cells produce some factor that enhances the melanin production of B16 melanoma cells by stretch stimulation. Furthermore, in the case of mixed culture of B16 melanoma cells and heat cells, the GM-CSF production rate increased due to the extension stimulation. In addition, the anti-GM-CSF antibody resulted in a melanin production rate, which was reduced to about the same level as when B16 melanoma cells were cultured alone. It is suggested to be CSF. In addition, GM-CSF generation in the presence of an extension stimulus when B16 melanoma cells and heat cells are mixed and cultured is less than that in the absence of a leopard irrigation extract or an aged extract. It can be seen that it decreases in the presence of the product or age extract, and the melanin production rate is also lowered. According to the present invention, it is possible to develop a means for controlling melanogenesis by extension stimulation. Further, according to the present invention, it is possible to develop a means for suppressing the formation of spots due to extension stimulation.
[0018] FIG. 2 illustrates the time-course effect of Balanites mesocarp, kernel, and root saponins, in comparison to Quillaja Saponaria extract saponin as well as to deionized distilled water and the nonionic surfactant Triton, on the penetration rate of across the Citrus grandis leaf cuticle membrane according to certain embodiments herein. In one aspect of the present invention, nanovesicles are produced from plant saponins by mixing them with water in a concentration that is above the critical micelle concentration. The CMC is a measure of the concentration of a solution component that represents a critical value above which increasing concentration of that component forces the formation of micelles. For the preparation of the nanovesicles, any plant saponins are encompassed by the invention such as, but not limited to, Quillaja Saponaria and Balanites aegyptiaca saponins. For this purpose, isolated saponins or plant extracts rich in saponins can be used. In one preferred embodiment, B. aegyptiaca saponins extract is used although also isolated saponins of formula I or mixtures thereof can be used.
[0019] Foliar application is an effective but often inefficient method for applying agrochemicals to crop plants. However, in intensive agriculture, the practice of foliar application of nutrients, growth regulators, pesticides, and herbicides is increasing. The efficacy of these foliage-applied agrochemicals depends on the number of active ingredients penetrating across the plant cuticle layer that covers all the external surfaces of plants, including leaves of higher plants, and is the main barrier to the penetration of foliar-applied agrochemicals. The use of agricultural adjuvants and/or surfactants has become common practice in foliar applications to enhance the delivery of the agro materials to the inner tissue of the plant through the cuticular layer. It has been found by the present invention that plant extracts rich in saponins such as Quillaja Saponaria and B. aegyptiaca accelerate the delivery of herbicides through isolated cuticle membranes and can thus be used as foliar penetrants for the delivery of agrochemicals.
[0020] Mixing plant saponins with a lipophilic medium in a concentration that is above the critical micelle concentration forms inverse micelles that can complete various materials such as water residue, toxic ions, and biomaterial. In petroleum fuel and/or biofuel, such inverse micelles may be used as an adjuvant for capturing water residue and toxic ions residue, thereby extending the engine system life, enhancing its performance, and reducing sulfur and other related toxic elements emission. For the preparation of the inverse micelles, any plant saponins are encompassed by the invention such as but not limited to, Quillaja Saponaria and B. aegyptiaca saponins. For this purpose, isolated saponins or plant extracts rich in saponins can be used. In one preferred embodiment, B. aegyptiaca saponins extract is used although also isolated saponins of formula I or mixtures thereof can be used. All the local and worldwide samples of Balanites collected germplasm were tested in a collection plot located in the southern Negev, characterized by semi-arid conditions. The plants were irrigated with low-quality wastewater partially purified and containing high levels of salinity. Following an intensive foliage and root system study, the Balanites genotype B3 was selected as a superior genotype among the tested genotypes. The B3 genotype developed the best foliage and root system in comparison to all the other genotypes. Typically to Balanites, all the genotypes produced a double root system that enabled an efficient water uptake from the soil in various depths. The B3 genotype produced the most developed upper and lower root systems and its roots reached the deepest depth among all the tested Balanites genotypes. Characterization and Yield of B. aegyptiaca Fruits.
, Claims:A method of balanites aegyptiaca extracts for preparing a composition for controlling melanogenesis, wherein the method comprises:
a stable preparation of Balanites aegyptiaca or Balanites roxburghii saponin nanovesicles encapsulating an active material;
wherein said Balanites aegyptiaca saponin is a saponin of the general formula I or a mixture of at least two different saponins of the general formula;
a pesticidal composition comprising a preparation of Balanites aegyptiaca saponin nanovesicles encapsulating Bti toxin;
our legitimate right for any future utilization, manufacturing, or distribution of the aqueous of the stem bark of B. Aegyptiaca or its freeze-dried form in the treatment of HIV/ AIDS and Leukemia cases;
the family Annonaceae genus Monodora and the family Clusiaceae genus Calophyllum for their use as active control agents on the melanogenesis for the manufacture of melanogenesis control composition;
controlling melanogenesis, characterized in that it contains at least one melanogenesis-active control agent and at least one plant extract selected from the group formed by the family Bignoniaceae genus Arrabidaea, the family Balanitaceae.